A

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON

WORK LIFE BALANCE AT JAYASWAL NECO LIMITED OF POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT

BATCH 2010-11

SUBMITTED BY: SUNIL GAUTAM

SUBMITTED TO: Prof. Rehma Shrivastava Associate Professor Faculty of Management , DIMAT

DISHA SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT DISHA EDUCATION SOCIETY Satya Vihar, Vidhansabha-Chandkhuri Marg, Mandir Hasaud Raipur(C.G.)

DECLARATION

I the undersigned solemnly declare that the report of the project work entitled WORK LIFE BALANCE AT JAYASWAL NECO LIMITED is based my own work carried out during the course of my study under the supervision of PROF. REHMA SHRIVASTAVA I assert that the statements made and conclusions drawn are an outcome of the project work. I further declare that to the best of my knowledge and belief that the project report does not contain any part of any work which has been submitted for the award of any other degree/diploma/certificate in this Institute or any other Institute.

_______________ SUNIL GAUTAM Roll No.:42 Unique ID No.:1008042

CERTIFICATE BY THE PROJECT GUIDE

This is to certify that the work incorporated in the Project i WORK LIFE BALANCE AT JAYASWAL NECO LIMITED is a record of research work carried out SUNIL GAUTAM bearing Enrollment No.: .. under my guidance and supervision for the award of Post Graduate Diploma In Management. To the best of my knowledge the report has been duly completed and checked by me.

Name of Internal Project Guide: Prof Reshma Shrivastava

Signature:

CERTIFICATE BY THE HEAD OF THE INSTITUTION

This is to certify that Mr. /Miss ________________________________________ Of DSM, Trimester VI has successfully completed the major project in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of Post Graduate Diploma In Business Management , approved by AICTE, Min of HRD Govt of India.

This report is the record of authentic work carried out by the student during the academic year 2011-12.

DR.R.S.Mohan Dean (Faculty of Management)

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Chapter 4 Chapter 5

Introduction Justification of Research Purpose of Study Objectives of Research Scope of Study Limitations of Study Literature Review Methodology Data Collection Methods Details of Respondents Profile Detail of Variables Scaling Technique Sampling Technique Methods of Analysis Results and Discussion Summary and Conclusion Future Scope of Research References Annexures

Chapter 1 Introduction

JUSTIFICATION OF RESEARCH :

Today jobs are becoming more and more demanding, as organizations become learner and business environment more competitive. The focus in business is an efficient execution and individual picking up the slack from increased workload with fewer workers. As this pressured work environment causes more and more stress among the employees which leads to the several health related problems and also in such pressured work environment one should be able to create a balance between personal and professional life which is the core part in achieving a work life balance.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY :

To know that whether the problem of work life balance really exist so it was decided to do a study on work life balance to see what is its impact on the life of the person.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: Objective of this study is to identify the Work- Life Balance of the employees of Jayaswal Neco Ltd.( Raipur).

SCOPE OF THE STUDY : For doing the study a set of Questionnaire was prepared which includes job related responses, impact of work pressure on family, impact on employees and the situation which the professionals normally face and tried to find out the probable solutions for balancing personal and professional life and to cope up with the work pressure.Questionnaire was circulated among 100 respondents and it was collected within a week .

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY :

The data analysis is based on a small sample size i.e. 100. This sample cannot be representative of whole industry. Thus, the results obtained cannot be generalized to make important decision. Due to pressure of their work the employees may not have been able to give genuine information. Because of the less number of female employees in a company, we are not able to compare the Work-life Balance of male and female employees in jayaswal neco Ltd.

Chapter 2 Literature review

WORK LIFE BALANCE

What is work-life balance?

There is no agreed definition of work-life balance but it does appear that the right balance for one person may differ from the next. Balance is achieved in different ways for different people and has a different purpose for people. Some people do it to balance their caring Responsibilities for children with work, while others want more time to themselves, engaging In leisure activities. Work-life balance, in its broadest sense, is defined as a satisfactory level of involvement or fit between the multiple roles in a persons life (Hudson, 2005). Peoples perception of work-life balance is very subjective, as reflected by various descriptions of worklife balance by employees:

A good balance is a four-day workweek. This allows me to get all the stuff (groceries, laundry, cleaning) done in one day and still have two to do what I want. If the dream job has stress within in tolerable / manageable limits, then I will have achieved a Work - Life balance. For me, a good work-life balance means something simple: to work to support my life, and not the other way around. I dont want to use my life to support my work, I want to use my work so I can live my life in the way I want it. If I can do this, then I have good work-life balance Work-life balance for any one person is having the right combination of participation in

paid work (defined by hours and working conditions) and other aspects of their lives. This Combination will change as people move through life and have changing responsibilities and Commitments in their work and personal lives.

How can you achieve it?

Work-life balance policies can assist employees achieving a balance between their work and personal commitments that is right for them. However, availability of policies is not necessarily enough for these policies to work. The policies need to be supported by the workplace culture, which reflects the beliefs, values and norms of the whole of the Organization from the CEO to staff members. Other important factors in the success of work life Balance policies include proper communication of commitment to the policies to existing and future employees, raising awareness of the policies, education of managers about the importance of policies, and training of managers on how to implement these policies.

Who does it apply to?

Work-life balance policies and practices can assist all people, not just those with young children. They assist people who are responsible for the care of elderly parents, people who have study commitments, those older employees who simply want to ease themselves into

retirement or people with other personal and lifestyle commitments. Our work and personal lives change across the life span with associated responsibilities, and thus the need for work-life balance policies, changing all the time. One thing that an increasing number of people might have in common in the future is their caring responsibilities for the elderly (e.g. parents and spouse) with the ageing of the population.

Factors Influencing Work-life Balance

Over the past generation there have been considerable demographic changes which have influenced our working practices, examples of this include: Increased number of women working 70% in 2000 compared to 47% in 1959 Majority of women with dependent children working 65% compared to 90% of men Majority of women return to paid employment after childbirth Increased incidence of one parent families (1 in 4) Increased life expectancy is resulting in an ageing population Elderly relative responsibilities are on the increase 6 million adults have care responsibilities for another adult

 Trend for starting family later will result in some employees having both childcare and eldercare responsibilities Average age for first baby is 29 and birth rate is 1.7 children per woman

Practices Supporting Work-life Balance

Work-life balance policies can be made up the following policies and working practices:

Policies allowing flexible and innovative working practices, for example, flexi-time, annualized hours, staggered hours, job sharing, working from home, term-time hours, compressed hours and part-time working

Leave provision, for example, special leave for emergencies

Employee support services, for example, employee counseling service or crche facilities

Employee training and development, for example, objectives and appraisals to take into account work-life balance

How to Implement a Work-life Balance Strategy

Before embarking on a work-life balance strategy it is essential to identify the core needs of the business, for example, some services like a help desk may require a staff presence between certain hours. It is important and useful to consult with staff at this stage in order to get their views. Remember that it is often the staff doing certain jobs that can come up with the most innovative ideas for improvement. From this point it will be necessary to review existing policies and develop a draft work-life balance strategy. This should be put out to consultation to staff and staff groups if appropriate and it may also be worthwhile running a pilot of the policy. After a final review the strategy can be formally launched to all staff. Remember to include a section in

the strategy for review and evaluation in order that the uptake and effectiveness can be reviewed over time.

Importance of Maintaining Work Life Balance

Balance is the key to lead a successful and beautiful life which includes everything but in balance. It is important in everyones life be it in the life of an entrepreneur, student or a housewife to maintain a balance between various aspects of their daily routine. A student must know how to balance between his studies and curricular activities; otherwise he will fail in one or the other thing. It is equally important that we maintain our balance between materialistic and spiritual or religious life as well. Our life has so many things to deal with, like our relationships, work, health, entertainment , responsibilities for family and country etc and to be successful in all these aspects, we must know how maintain balance between all of them. In our everyday life, it is the work which occupies the major part of our life and many people get so occupied with their work that they end up neglecting other important things of their life. In corporate world where there is huge pressure on employees to meet their deadlines and long working hours, people really have lost balance in their lives. There is no denial that one cannot survive without work because this is what ultimately gives you the money which is the source of everyones survival but along with work other things are also necessary. Sometimes some goal or target grabs so much of our attention that we forget everything else and devote all our energy in accomplishing that goal. Achieving goals or targets is not bad but leaving everything else behind for that one particular goal or target can be harmful for an individual. Time management is the solution to most of our problems. Everybody is provided with twenty four hours only but it depends upon us how we utilize them. And within these limited hours only we have to accomplish all our tasks along with giving rest to our bodies and minds. And to manage the time, it is very important that we set our priorities for our life. When we set our priorities, then it becomes easy to divide our attention according them. For some people its their work which is a priority, so they spend more time with their work. When we divide our time according to our priorities, then there are very few chances that we will not be leading a balanced life.

In the end what matters is that we live a life in which we are happy and does not hold any regret that we are missing out something because we dont have enough time. When we will manage our time wisely according to our priorities, then it will never be so difficult for us to maintain balance in our life.

The Employers Responsibility in Maintaining Employee Work-Life Balance

When it comes to work-life balance, opinions are divided on just how much responsibility the employer has for helping their employees to maintain one. Traditionally, the employers would be one of the demands in their employees lives, trying to get as much work out of them as possible, but now that they are growing aware of the physical and mental health effects of overwork, many employers have begun to realize that encouraging healthiness pays off for them in the long run. An appropriate work-life balance for an employee means that he is at less risk for many serious health conditions that result from overwork and stress. Overworked employees tend to suffer from heart attacks, strokes, and many other conditions from the life-threatening ones to the mere inconveniences. They also tend to have major issues in their social or family lives due to the stress and over-long work hours. Family and friends resent being second fiddle to the employees workplace, and some employees who take work holism to the extreme find themselves in a string of failed relationships with various significant others. This will inevitably impact their work life sooner or later, even if their health remains fine. The flip side, of course, is those employees whose work-life balance is skewed too far will take too much time off work, not contribute anything productive, and never be reliable. Most offices have some of these individuals who work themselves far too little. Obviously, an employer wants to prevent this situation just as much as the problem with overworked employees!

One note: dont confuse those who spend little time at work but accomplish much with those who dont accomplish anything. Its better to encourage an employee to spend four hours working from home and solve twice as many problems as trapping them in the office for eight hours, where their productivity will decrease. Creative solutions may work better than brute force in many cases! An employer can offer workshops and information to employees about work-life balance, but cannot force them to apply it to their own situation. A true workaholic may need extra help and counseling to overcome their work addiction, but most other employees may be interested in this information. An employer can also offer flexible hours, compressed work weeks, telecommuting, and other options to help their employees maintain this balance. If you arent sure how your employer treats work-life balance, chat with your human resources professional and ask what kind of support and accommodations they have for employees who wish to live healthy, balanced lives. Sometimes, the employee wants to attain a healthy work-life balance, but their employer refuses to see the downside of working an inordinate number of hours each week. If you are in this situation, you might consider looking for another job if at all possible, or approach different supervisors and discreetly inquire into the policies. A healthy work-life balance is something every employee and employer should be interested in attaining and helping their workers to attain. The benefits will affect both parties, and employee satisfaction will increase.

Chapter 3 Research Methodology

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH:
According to Clifford Woody Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions collecting, organizing and evaluating data , making deductions and reaching conclusions and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis. Thus an original contribution to the existing stock of knowledge making for its advancement. It is the pursuit of truth with the help of study, objective and systematic method of finding solution to a problem is Research.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
It is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. It defines various steps that can be adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logic behind them.

IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH:
Research inculcates scientific and inductive thinking and it promotes the development of logical habits of thinking. The role of research in several fields of applied economics, whether related to business or to the economy as a whole, has greatly increased in modern times. Research provides the basis for nearly all government policies in our economic system.

RESEARCH PLAN: The Research plan describes about the sources from where the data has been collected.

Primary Sources: Such data, which we receive from the direct contact with the concerned person of that particular field.

Secondary Source: Such resources which provide information about the research indirectly means not by direct contact but can be through annual reports, leaflets, online information , booklets, magazines, books, journals etc.

RESEARCH VARIABLES:

Independent Variables: Excessive pressure at workplace occurring because of factors such as long working hours, stiff competition, work triggered anger and so on.

Dependent variables: Factors of personal life of an employee such as relations with others, fulfilling family commitments.

METHODS FOR RESEARCH:

Sample: A total of 100 participants from organization- Jayaswal Neco Ltd. Was taken. Materials: An objective type questionnaire, consisting of 11 questions was prepared, for this study. Procedure: We distributed questionnaire to 100 employees, and collected them within one week period for further analysis for their response.

Chapter 4 Results & Discussion

Q1. How many days in a week do you normally work?

S. no a) b) c) d)

No. of days Less than 5 5 6 7 Total

Results 3% 3% 92% 2% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Less than 5 a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) Total

Interpretation:

The above graph shows that 92% of the employees are working for a 6 days in a week. Whereas very less number of employees are working for less than 6 days or more than 6 days.

Q2. How many hours in a day do you normally work?

S. no a) b) c) d) e) No. of Hours 78 89 9 10 10 12 More than 12 Total Results 7% 10% 75% 5% 3% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 78 a) 89 b) 9 10 c) 10 12 d) More than 12 e) Total

Interpretation:

It can be observed from the above graph that maximum employees are working for 9 10 hours per days. Whereas very few employees are working in different hours.

Q3. In which shift you are working?

s. no. a) b) c) Shifts General Night Alternate Total Results 56% 34% 10% 100%

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% General a) Night b) Alternate c) Total

Interpretation:

The above graph shows that generally employees prefer general shift as compare to others, thats why percentage of general shift is more.

Q4. Dou you travel out of city for your official work?
S. no a) b) c) d) e) Factors Never Rarely Sometimes Often Always Total Results 70% 9% 10% 6% 5% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Never a) Rarely Sometimes Often b) c) d) Always e) Total

Interpretation:

According to the above graph, maximum number of employees of Jayaswal Neco never goes for outside work, it shows employees has less exposure in this company as compare to others.

Q5. How often do you think or worry about your work (when you are not actually at work)?
S. no a) b) c) d) e) Factors Never Rarely Sometimes Often Always Total Results 13% 5% 17% 20% 45% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Never a) Rarely Sometimes Often b) c) d) Always e) Total

Interpretation: Maximum i.e. 45% of employees are always worried about their job, when they are actually out of the organization.

Q6. Do you ever miss out any quality time with your family or your friends because of work pressure?
S. no a) b) c) Factors Never Rarely Sometimes Results 18% 1% 1%

d) e)

Often Always Total

22% 58% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Never a) Rarely Sometimes Often b) c) d) Always e) Total

Interpretation:

Maximum number of employees says that their work- pressure affects their life, they dont have any time for their family and friends. Whereas very less people are disagrees .

Q7. Do you have any health problem arising out of work press?

S. no a) b) c) d)

Factors No BP Head ache Sleeping disorder

Results 0% 32% 18% 48%

e)

Others Total

2% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% No a) BP b) Head ache Sleeping disorder c) d) Others e) Total

Interpretation:

The above graph shows that, many employees have sleeping disorder and Blood pressure. And the rest people are suffering from other diseases i.e. headache, etc.

Q8. What causes more stress for you?

S. no. a) b) c) d)

Factors Job Family Both none Total

Results 40% 20% 35% 5% 100%

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Job a) Family b) Both c) none d) Total

Interpretation: According the above data, 40% of the employees having stress due to their job. Whereas 20% have stressed because of their policy and 35 % are stressed by both of them.

Q9. What Activities you prefer for relaxing?

S. no. a) b) c) d) e)

Factors Reading Music Yoga Meditation None Total

Results 17% 55% 12% 3% 13% 100%

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Reading a) Music b) Yoga c) Meditation d) None e) Total

Interpretation:

Maximum prefers music i.e 55 %, whereas very some employees prefers reading, yoga etc.

Q10. Does your company have a separate policy for work life balance?

S. No. a) b) c)

Factors Yes No Not Aware Total

Results 15% 76% 9% 100%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Yes a) No b) Not Aware c) Total

Interpretation:

It is observed from the above table is only 15 % employees wants separate work life balance policy ,where as 76% denied and 9 % are not aware about this policy.

Q11. Do you think that if employees have good work life balance then the organization will be more successful?
S. No a) b) Factors Yes No Total Results 89% 11% 100%

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Yes a) No b) Total

Interpretation: It can be observed from the above graph that 89% requires good work life balance for more effectiveness in work where as 11% employees dont agree with the above point.

Chapter 5 Suggestion & Conclusion

SUGGESTIONS
Suggestions to improve the Professional and personal Life Balance: Company should adopt the policies of Work-Life Balance, so that employees can work efficiently. They should provide Flexi- Timings to their employees. Working days should be 5 in a week. So that they can also spare their time with their family and friends. Leave Accumulation should be augmented after the age of 50 years. There should be attractive leave encashment system. Company should provide monthly medical check-up to their employees of free of cost. There should not be any work pressure to the employees after their job hours.

CONCLUSION
In this project we dealt with the topic Balancing Work and Life. All survey results support our hypothesis Excessive work pressure at work affects various factors of personal life among professionals. Expectation of employees from their family is not very high. But they do expect some reforms from their employer. Employer on an average is not doing much to help them achieve Work- Life Balance. It involves a cost concern for the employer but providing friendly and nurturing environment does not involve any cost More and more employees are looking for companies that will be supportive of their need for a healthy Work-Life Balance. Companies that promote Family- Friendly workplaces have an edge when it comes to recruitment and retention of skilled employees. Family-Friendly policies need to live and not just exist on paper. Senior management need to be role models through their words and actions, and regularly evaluate whether these policies continue to meet employees needs. Family-friendly policies are a way to support and recognize the changing needs of employees at different points in their lives and careers. Therefore every organization should focus on Work-life balance of employees.

Annexure

Disha School Of Management Raipur Questionnaire Dear Sir /Madam I Nisha Chhabariya, PGDM Final Year Student of Disha School of Management, doing a project on WORK LIFE BALANCE AT JAYASWAL NECO LTD. I request you to kindly spare few minutes to fill up the Questionnaire and submit. I assure you that the information so collected will be kept confidential and will be used for academic purpose only.
Nisha Chhabariya PGDM- VI DSM, Raipur

Personal Information
1. 2. 3. 4. Name: Age: Gender: Designation:

Professional Information

Q1. How many days in a week do you normally work? a) Less than 5 days b) 5 days c) 6 days d) 7 days

Q2. How many hours in a day do you normally work? a) 7-8 hours b) 8-9 hours c) 9-10 hours d) 10 12 hours e) More than 12 hours

Q3. In which shift you are working? a) General shift/day shift b) Night shift c) Alternate Q4. Dou you travel out of city for your official work? a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) Often e) Always Q5. How often do you think or worry about your work (when you are not actually at work)? a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) Often e) Always Q6. Do you ever miss out any quality time with your family or your friends because of work pressure? a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) Often e) Always

Q7. Your Work place stress makes you forget? i) ii) Friends, Family members Birthday a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) often e) Always Commitments a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) often e) Always Important events a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) often e) Always

iii)

Q8. Do you have any health problem arising out of work pressure? a) No b) Blood pressure c) Head ache d) Sleeping disorder e) Other, specify Q9. What causes more stress for you? a) Job b) Family c) Both d) None Q10. What Activities you prefer for relaxing? a) None b) Reading c) Music d) Meditation e) Yoga

Q11. Does your company have a separate policy for work life balance? a) Yes b) No c) Not aware Q12. Does your organization provide you with following additional work provisions? a) Telephone for personal use b) Counseling service for employees c) Health programs d) Relocation facilities and choices e) Transportation Q13. Do you think that if employees have good work life balance then the organization will be more successful? a) Yes b) No

Date:

Signature: