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NMI Disable Power On Delay Initialize Chipsets Reset Determination ROM BIOS Checksum

NMI interrupt line to the CPU is disabled by setting bit 7 I?O port 70h (CMOS) Once the keyboard controller gets power, it sets the hard and soft reset bits. Check the keyboard controller or clock generator if a failure occurs Check the BIOS, CLOCK and chipsets The BIOS reads the bits in the keyboard controller to see if a hard or soft reset is required (a soft reset will not test memory above 64K). Failure could be the BIOS or keyboard controller The BIOS performs a checksum on itself and adds a preset factory value that should make it equal to 00. If a failure occurs, check the BIOS chips A command is sent to the 8042 keyboard controller which performs a test and sets a buffer space for commands. After the buffer is defined the BIOS sends a command byte, writes data to the buffer, checks the high order bits of the internal keyboard controller and issues a No Operation (NOP) command Shutdown byte in CMOS RAM offset 0F is tested, the BIOS checksum calculated and diagnostic byte 0E updated before the CMOS RAM area is initialized and updated for date and time. Check the RTC and CMOS chip or battery if a failure occurs The DMA and Programmable Interrupt Controller are disabled before the POST proceeds and further. Check the 8237 or 8259 chips if a failure occurs The video controller is disabled and port B initialized. Check the video adapter if a failure occurs Memory addressed in 64K blocks. Failure would be in the chipset. If all memory is not seen, failure could be in a chip in the block after the last one seen The timing functions of the 8254 Programmable Interrupt Timer are tested. The PIT and RTC chips normally cause errors here PIT's ability to refresh memory is tested. If an XT, DMA controller #1 handles this. Failure is normally the PIT (8254) in AT's or the 8237, DMA #1, in XT's Test the address lines in the first 64K of RAM. If a failure occurs, an address line may be the problem Data patterns are written to the first 64K of RAM, unless there is a bad RAM chip in which case you will get a failure The PIT, PIC and DMA controllers are initialized Interrupt vector table used by PIC is installed in low memory, the first 2K The BIOS reads the buffer area in the keyboard controller I/O port 60. Failure here is normally the keyboard controller The type of video adapter is checked for, then a series of tests are performed on the adapter and monitor The vector table is checked for proper operation and video memory verified before protected mode tests are entered into. This is done so that any errors found are displayed on the monitor Perform reads and writes to all memory locations below 1MB. Failure at this point indicate a bad RAM chip, the 8042 Keyboard Controller or a data line The DMA registers are tested using a data pattern these differ with each version. Typically, the floppy and hard drives are tested and initialized and a check is made for serial and parallel devices. The information gathered is then compared against the contents of the CMOS and you will see the results of any failures on the monitor The BIOS hands over control to the Int 19 bootloader. This is where you would see error messages such as non-system disk

Keyboard Test

CMOS

DMA (8237) and PIC (8259) Disable Video Disable Chipset Initialized and Memory Detected PIT Test Memory Refresh Address Line Base 64K Chipset Initialization Set Interrupt Table 8042 Keyboard Controller Check Video Tests BIOS Data Area Protected Mode Tests DMA Chips Final Initialization

BOOT

Return to Top AMI BIOS Text Error Messages: Message Bad PnP Serial ID Checksum Floppy Disk Controller Resource Conflict NVRAM Checksum Error - NVRAM Cleared NVRAM Cleared By Jumper Explanation The Serial ID checksum of a PnP card is invalid The floppy drive controller had requested a resource that is already in use The extended system configuration data (ESCD) was reinitialized because of an NVRAM checksum error. Clear CMOS and ESCD RAM and reboot The Clear CMOS jumper has been moved to the Clear position. CMOS RAM and ESCD have been cleared

NVRAM Data Invalid - NVRAM Cleared Parallel Port Resource Conflict PCI Error Log is Full PCI I/O Port Conflict PCI IRQ Conflict PCI Memory Conflict Primary Boot Device Not Found Primary IDE Controller Resource Conflict Primary Input Device Not Found Secondary IDE Controller Resource Conflict Serial Port 1 Resource Conflict Serial Port 2 Resource Conflict Static Device Resource Conflict System Board Device Resource Conflict A20 Error Address line Short CMOS Battery State Low CMOS Checksum Invalid Run Setup CMOS Display Type Mismatch CMOS Memory Size Mismatch CMOS Time and Date Not Set Diskette Boot Failure DMA Error DMA #1 Error DMA #2 Error FDD Controller Failure HDD Controller Failure Insert Bootable Media INTR #1 Error INTR #2 Error Invalid Boot Diskette KB/Interface Error Keyboard Error Keyboard Stuck Key Detected Off Board Parity Error

Invalid data found in the ESCD, which might mean that you have changed devices in the system. When this message is displayed, the BIOS has already rewritten the ESCD with current configuration data The parallel port requested a resource that is already in use More than 15 PCI conflict errors have been detected and no additional PCI errors can be logged Two devices requested the same I/O address, resulting in a conflict Two devices requested the same IRQ, resulting in a conflict Two devices requested the same memory resource, resulting in a conflict Two designated primary boot device (hard disk, floppy disk drive, CD-ROM drive) could not be found The primary IDE controller has requested a resource that is already in use The designated primary input device (keyboard, mouse, or other device if input is redirected) could not be found The secondary IDE controller has requested a resource that is already in use Serial port 1 has requested a resource that is already in use Serial port 2 has requested a resource that is already in use A card that is not Plug-and-Play ISA has requested a resource that is already in use A card that is not Plug-and-Play ISA has requested a resource that is already in use Gate A20 on the keyboard controller is not working Error in the address decoding circuitry on the motherboard The battery power is low; replace the battery After CMOS RAM values are saved, a checksum value is generated for error checking. The previous value is different from the current value CMOS system options not set. The values stored in CMOS RAM are either corrupt or nonexistent. Run Setup The video type in CMOS RAM does not match the type detected by the BIOS. Run Setup The amount of memory on the motherboard is different from the amount indicated in CMOS RAM. Run Setup run Setup to set the time and date in the CMOS RAM The boot disk in drive A: is corrupt. It cannot be used to boot the system. Use another boot disk and follow the screen instructions Error in the DMA controller Error in the first DMA controller Error in the second DMA controller The BIOS cannot communicate with the floppy disk drive controller. Check all appropriate cables and connections The BIOS cannot communicate with the hard disk drive controller. Check all appropriate cables and connections The BIOS cannot find a bootable medium. Insert a bootable floppy disk or CDROM Interrupt controller 1 failed POST Interrupt controller 2 failed POST The BIOS can read the disk in floppy drive A:, but cannot boot the system from it. Use another boot disk There is an error in the keyboard connector There is a timing problem with the keyboard A stuck keyboard key was detected Parity error in memory installed in an expansion slot. The format is: OFF BOARD PARITY ERROR ADDR (HEX) = (XXXX), where XXXX is the hex address where the error occurred Parity error in memory installed on the motherboard. The format is: ON BOARD PARITY ERROR ADDR (HEX) = (XXXX), where XXXX is the hex address where the error occurred Parity error in system memory at an unknown address An error caused the computer to halt There is an error in counter/timer 2 An uncorrectable ECC memory error was detected

On Board Parity Error Parity Error System halted Timer Channel 2 Error Uncorrectable ECC Error

Undetermined NMI Memory parity Error at xxxxx I/O Card Parity Error at xxxxx DMA Bus Timeout Return to Top AMIT BIOS Post Codes (Prior to April 1990): 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 20 21 22 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A

An undetermined NMI was detected Memory failed. If the memory location can be determined, it is displayed as xxxxx. If not, the message is Memory Parity Error ????. An expansion card failed. If the address can be determined, it is displayed as xxxxx. if not, the message is I/O Card Parity error ???? A device has driven the bus signal for more than 7.8 microseconds

NMI is disabled and the i286 register test is about to start i286 register test has passed ROM BIOS checksum test (32Kb from F8000h) passed OK 8259 programmable interrupt controller has initialized OK CMOS interrupt disabled Video system disabled and the system timer checks OK 8253/4 programmable-interval timer test OK Delta counter channel 2 OK Delta counter channel 1 OK Delta counter channel 0 OK Parity status cleared The refresh and system timer check OK Refresh check OK Refresh period checks OK Ready to start 64KB base memory test Address line test OK 64KB base memory test OK System-interrupt vectors initialized 8042 keyboard controller checks OK CMOS read/write test OK CMOS checksum and battery OK Monochrome video mode OK CGA color mode set OK Attempting to pass control to video ROM at C0000h Returned from video ROM Display memory read/write test OK Display memory read/write alternative test OK Video retrace test OK Global equipment byte set for proper video operation Ready to initialize video system Video test OK Video display OK The power-on message is displayed Ready to start the virtual-mode memory test virtual memory mode test started CPU has switched to virtual mode Testing the memory address lines Testing the memory address lines Lower 1MB of RAM found Memory size computation checks OK Memory test in progress Memory below 1MB is initialized Memory above 1MB is initialized Memory size is displayed

3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 40 41 42 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 79 7A 7B 7D 7E 7F 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 00

Ready to test the lower 1MB of RAM Memory test of lower 1MB OK Memory test above 1MB OK Ready to shutdown for real-mode testing Shutdown OK- now in real mode Ready to disable gate A20 A20 line disabled successfully Ready to start DMA controller test Address line test OK System still in real mode DMA page register test OK Starting DMA controller 1 register test DMA controller 1 test passed, starting DMA controller 2 register test DMA controller 2 test passed Ready to test latch on DMA controller 1 and 2 DMA controller 1 and 2 latch test OK DMA controller 1 and 2 configured OK 8259 programmable interrupt controller initialized OK 8259 programmable interrupt controller mask register OK Master 8259 programmable interrupt controller mask register OK Ready to check timer interrupts Timer interrupt check OK Ready to test keyboard interrupt Error detected in timer or keyboard interrupt 8259 programmable interrupt controller error 8259 programmable interrupt controller OK Start of keyboard test Keyboard controller Ok Keyboard tested OK Keyboard global initialization OK Floppy setup ready to start Floppy controller setup OK Hard disk setup ready to start Hard disk controller setup OK Ready to initialize timer data Verifying CMOS battery power CMOS battery verified OK Analyzing CMOS RAM size CMOS memory size updated Send control to adapter ROM Enable the setup routine if <Delete> is pressed Printer data initialization is OK RS-232 data initialization is OK 80x87 check and test OK Display any soft-error message Give control to ROM E0000h Return from system ROM Call the Int19 boot loader

Return to Top AMI BIOS Post Codes (After April 1990): 01 02 NMI is disabled and the i286 register test is about to start i286 register test has passed

03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 10 11 12 15 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 20 21 22 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 40 41 42 43 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57

ROM BIOS checksum test (32KB from E8000h) passed OK Passed keyboard controller test with and without mouse Chipset initialized...DMA and interrupt controller disabled Video system disabled and the system timer checks OK 8254 programmable interval timer initialized Delta counter channel 2 initialization complete Delta counter channel 1 initialization complete Delta counter channel 0 initialization complete Refresh started System timer started Refresh check OK Ready to start 64KB base memory test Address line test OK 64KB base memory test OK ISA BIOS interrupt vectors initialized Monochrome video mode OK CGA color mode set OK Attempting to pass control to video ROM at C0000h Returned from video ROM Shadow RAM enabled Display memory read/write test OK Alternate display memory read/write test OK Global equipment byte set for proper Ready to initialize video system Finished setting video mode ROM type 27256 verified The power-on message is displayed Ready to start the virtual mode memory test Virtual memory mode test started CPU has switched to virtual mode Testing the memory address lines Testing the memory address lines Lower 1MB of RAM found Memory size computation checks OK Memory test in progress Memory below 1MB is initialized Memory above 1MB is initialized Memory size is displayed Ready to test the lower 1MB of RAM Memory test of lower 1MB OK Memory test above 1MB OK Ready to shutdown for real-mode testing Shutdown Ok - now in real mode Cache memory now on...Ready to disable gate A 20 A20 line disabled successfully i486 internal cache turned on Ready to start DMA controller test DMA page register test OK Starting DMA controller 1 register test DMA controller 1 test passed, starting DMA controller 2 register test DMA controller 2 test passed Ready to test latch on DMA controller 1 and 2 DMA controller 1 and 2 latch test OK DMA controller 1 and 2 configured OK 8259 programmable interrupt controller initialized Ok

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 79 7A 7B 7E 7F 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 A0 A1 A2 A3 00

Start of keyboard test Keyboard controller OK Keyboard test OK...Starting mouse interface test Keyboard and mouse global initialization OK Display setup prompt.. Floppy setup ready to start Floppy controller setup OK hard disk setup ready to start Hard disk controller setup OK Ready to initialize timer data Timer data area initialized CMOS battery verified OK CMOS memory size updated Enable setup routine if <Delete> is pressed Send control to adapter ROM at C800h to DE00h Return from adapter ROM Printer data initialization is OK RS-232 data initialization is OK 80x87 check and test OK Display any soft error message Give control to ROM at E0000h Program the cache SRAM Check for external cache initialize EISA adapter card slots Test extended NMI in EISA system Call the INT19 boot loader

Return to Top AMI 2.2 BIOS: 00 03 06 09 0C 0F 12 15 18 1B 1E 21 24 27 2A 2D 30 33 36 39 3C 3F 42 45 48 Flag test; Testing of the CPU Register test Chipset test; System hardware initialized BIOS checksum tested Page register tested 8254 timer tested Memory refresh initialization 8237 DMA controllers tested 8237 DMA initialization 8259 PIC initialization 8259 PIC chips tested Memory refresh tested Base 64 address tested Base 64 memory tested 8742 keyboard tested MC146818 RTC/CMOS Protected mode started Memory sizing test First protected mode test passed First protected mode test failed CPU speed calculation Read 8742 hardware switches Initialize interrupt vector area Verify CMOS configuration Test and initialize video system

4B 4E 51 54 57 5A 5D 60 63 66 69 6A 6C 6F 72 75 78 7B 7E 81 84 87 8A 8D 90 93 96 99 9C 9F A2 A5 A8 AE AF B1

Unexpected interrupt tested Start second protected mode test Verify LDT instruction Verify TR instruction Verify LSL instruction Verify LAR instruction Verify VERR instruction Address line A20 test Unexpected exception tested Start third protected mode test Address line tested Scan DDNIL bits for null pattern System memory tested Shadow memory tested Extended memory tested Verify memory configuration Display CMOS error messages Copy system BIOS shadow memory 8254 clock tested MC146818 RTC tested Keyboard test Determine keyboard type Stuck key test Initialize hardware Interrupt vectors Math co-processor tested Determine COM ports available Determine LPT ports available Initialize BIOS data area Fixed/floppy controller tested Floppy disk tested Fixed disk tested External ROM screen; Check for external ROM's System key lock test F1 error message test System boot initialization Call to Interrupt 19 boot loader

Return to Top AMI Plus BIOS: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B Control to Interrupt 19 NMI disabled (Bit 7 of I/O port 70h) 286 register test over ROM checksum OK 8259 PIC initialization disabled CMOS Interrupt disabled System timer (PIT) counting OK Channel 0 of 8259 PIC test OK DMA channel 2 of delta count test OK DMA channel 1 of delta count test OK DMA channel 0 of delta test count OK Parity status cleared (DMA/PIT)

0C 0D 0E 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 20 21 22 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 40 41 42 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55

Refresh and system time check OK (DMA/PIT) Refresh link toggling OK (DMA/PIT) Refresh period ON/OFF 50% OK About to start 64K memory Address line tested OK 64K base memory tested OK Interrupt vectors initialized 8042 keyboard controller tested CMOS Read/Write test OK CMOS checksum/battery tested Monochrome mode set OK (6845) Color (CGA) mode set OK (6845) Video ROM search Optional video ROM OK Display memory Read/Write test OK Alternate display memory OK Video retrace check Ok Global byte set for video Ok Mode set for mono/color OK Video test OK Video display OK Power on message display OK Readying virtual mode memory test Virtual mode memory test started Processor in virtual mode Memory address line test Memory address line test Memory below 1MB calculated Memory size computation OK Memory test in progress Memory initialization below 1MB Memory initialization above 1MB Display memory size Ready to start memory below 1MB Memory test below 1MB OK Memory test above 1MB OK Ready to switch to real mode Shutdown successful Ready to disable gate A-20 (8042) Gate A-20 disabled (8042) About to test DMA controller (8237) Address line test OK Processor in real mode DMA page register test OK DMA unit-1 base register OK DMA unit-1 channel register OK DMA channel-2 base register test OK About to test both units OK F/F latch tests both units OK

56 57 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 79 7A 7B 7D 7E 7F 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 00 Return to Top AMI Color: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A

DMA units 1 & 2 programmed OK 8259 PIC initialization OK 8259 PIC mask register check OK Master 8259 PIC mask register OK Check timer and keyboard Interrupt PIT timer Interrupt OK About to test keyboard Interrupt ERROR! Timer/keyboard Interrupt 8259 PIC Interrupt controller error 8259 PIC Interrupt controller test OK Start of keyboard test Keyboard test OK Keyboard test OK Keyboard global data initialize (8042) Floppy controller setup about to start Floppy controller setup OK Hard disk controller setup about to start Hard disk controller setup OK About to initialize timer data Verify CMOS battery power CMOS battery verification done Analyze test results for memory CMOS memory size update OK Check optional ROM C0000h Keyboard sensed to enable setup Optional ROM control OK Printer global data init OK RS-232 global data init OK 80287 check/test OK About to display soft error Give control to system ROM E0000h System ROM E0000h check over Call to Interrupt 19 for boot loader

Control to Int 19 boor loader CPU flag test Power-on delay Chipset initialization Soft/hard reset ROM enable ROM BIOS checksum 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested

0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 40 41 42 43 44

8042 protected mode tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested, CMOS CMOS checksum tested CMOS initialization CMOS/RTC status OK DMA/PIC disable DMA/PIC initialization Chipset/memory initialization 8254 PIT timer tested 8254 PIT channel 2 timer tested 8254 PIT channel 1 timer tested 8254 PIT channel 0 timer tested Memory refresh test (PIC) Memory refresh test (PIC) Check 15-microsecond refresh (PIT) Check 30-microsecond refresh (PIT) Base 64K memory tested Base 64K memory parity tested Memory Read/Write BIOS vector table initialization BIOS vector table initialization Turbo check of 8042 keyboard controller Global data table for keyboard controller; turbo Video mode tested Monochrome tested Color (CGA) tested Parity-enable tested Optional system ROM's check start Video ROM check Reinitialize main chipset Video memory tested Video memory tested Video adapter tested Alternate video adapter tested Alternate video adapter tested Video mode tested Video mode tested Initialize BIOS ROM data area Power-on message display Power-on message display Read cursor position Display cursor reference Display BIOS setup message Start protected mode tested Build mode entry CPU enters protected mode Protected mode Interrupt enable Check descriptor tables

45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 80 81 82 83 83 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 90 91 92 93

Check memory size Memory Read/Write tested Base 640K memory tested Check 640K memory size Check extended memory size Verify CMOS extended memory Check for soft/hard reset Clear extended memory locations Update CMOS memory size Base RAM size displayed Memory Read/Write test on 640K Update CMOS on RAM size Extended memory tested Re-size extended memory Return CPU to real mode Restore CPU registers A-20 gate disabled BIOS vector recheck BIOS vector check complete Clear BIOS display setup message DMA, PIT tested DMA page register tested DMA #1 tested DMA #2 tested BIOS data area check BIOS data area checked Initialize DMA chips 8259 PIC initialization Keyboard tested Keyboard reset Stuck key and batch test 8042 keyboard controller tested Lock key check Compare memory size with CMOS Password/soft error check XCMOS/CMOS equipment check CMOS setup entered Reinitialize chipset Display power-on message Display wait and mouse check Shadow any option ROM's Initialize XCMOS settings Reset hard/floppy drives Floppy compare to CMOS Floppy disk controller initialization Hard disk compare to CMOS Hard disk controller initialization BIOS data table check BIOS data check hat halfway

94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 AA 00 Return to Top AMI Win BIOS: 00 01 02 03 05 06 08 08 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 19 20 23

Set memory size Verify display memory Clear all Interrupts Optional ROM's check Clear all Interrupts Setup timer data/RS232 base RS232 test; Locate and test serial ports Clear all Interrupts NPU test Clear all Interrupts Extended keyboard check Set numlock Keyboard reset Cache memory test Display any soft errors Set typematic rate Set memory wait states Clear screen Enable parity/NMI Clear all Interrupts Control to ROM at E0000 Clear all Interrupts Display configuration Call to Interrupt 19 boot loader

Control to Int 19 boot loader Disable NMI Power-on delay Soft reset power-on Disable cache Uncompressed POST code CMOS checksum CMOS initialization CMOS initialization for date and time Initialization before keyboard batch Batch command to keyboard controller Verify batch command Initialize after KB controller batch Write KB command byte Pin 23/24 block/unblock command Check for <INS> key command DMA/PIC disable Chipset initialization 8254 timer test Memory refresh test Base 64K memory test Set BIOS stack, setup before int. vector init

24 25 26 27 28 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 30 31 32 34 37 38 39 3A 3B 40 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 57 58 59 60 62 65 66 67 7F 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Interrupt vector initialization Read input port of 9042 chip, clear password Initialize global data for turbo switch Initialize before setting video mode Set video mode Initialize BUS Setup before operational video check Control to optional video ROM Proc. after optional video ROM routine Display memory Read/Write test if no EGA/VGA Display memory Read/Write test Retrace check Display alternate memory Read/Write check Alternate display retrace check Set display mode Display power-on message Initialize BUS types Display BUS initialization error messages Display the hit <DEL> message Virtual modem memory test Prepare descriptor tables Enter virtual mode for memory test Enable Interrupts for diagnostic mode Initialize data to check memory wrap at 0:0 Check memory wrap, find total memory amount Memory write test 640K base memory write test Determine memory below 1MB Determine memory above 1MB Check for soft reset, clear memory below 1MB Clear memory above 1MB Save memory size Display first 64K memory size Sequential and random memory test Displayed memory size Above 1MB memory test Save memory size information Enter real mode Disable gate A-20 line Adjust memory size Clear hit <DEL> message DMA/PIC test DMA #1 base register test DMA #2 base register test Program DMA unit 1 and 2 Initialize 8259 Interrupt controller Keyboard test Enable extended NMI sources Stuck key and batch test Keyboard controller test Write command byte, initialize circular buffer Lock key check Compare memory size with CMOS Password/soft error check Programming before check

87 88 89 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 91 94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F A0 A1 A2 A4 A5 A7 A8 A9 AA B0 B1 C2 C5 C6 C7 C8 CA CB CD CE CF D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 DD Return to Top

Execute CMOS setup Programming after setup Power-on display Shadow main and video BIOS Setup options after CMOS setup Initialize mouse Reset hard disk controller Floppy setup Hard disk setup Base/extended memory size Init. PCI/VLB BUS optional ROM's from C800 Initialize before C800 optional ROM control Control to optional ROM Processing after optional ROM control Setup timer data area/printer base address Set RS-232 base address Initialize before NPU test NPU initialization Initialization after NPU test Check extended KB, KB ID and num-lock Issue keyboard ID command Reset keyboard ID flag Cache memory test Display and soft errors Program memory wait states Clear screen, enable parity NMI Init. needed before control to E000 ROM Control to E000 ROM Init. needed after control to E000 ROM Display system configuration Uncompressed SETUP code for hot-key Copy any code to specific area Disable NMI, power-on delay Enable ROM, disable cache ROM BIOS checksum CMOS shutdown register test CMOS shutdown Initialize CMOS date and time Initialization before keyboard batch BAT command to keyboard controller Installation after keyboard controller batch Write keyboard command byte Check for <INS> key command Disable DMA and Interrupt controllers Chipset initialization/auto detect memory Uncompressed RUNTIME code RUNTIME code uncompressed Control to shadow RAM at F000:F000

AMI Ez- Flex BIOS: 01 02 NMI disabled; Start CPU flag test Power on delay

03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 40 41 42

Initialize system chipset Check keyboard for soft/hard reset Enable ROM ROM BIOS checksum tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 keyboard controller tested 8042 protected mode tested 8042 keyboard controller tested CMOS RAM shutdown register tested CMOS checksum tested CMOS initialization CMOS/RTC status OK Disable DMA and PIC Video display disabled Chipset and memory initialized 8254 PIT tested PIT channel 2 tested PIT channel 1 tested PIT channel 0 tested PIT memory refresh tested PIT memory refresh tested Check 15 microsecond refresh (PIT) Base 64K memory tested Address lines tested Base 64K parity memory tested Memory Read/Write tested Perform setup's prior to initialization of the vector table Initialize BIOS vector table in lower 1KB of system RAM 8042 keyboard controller tested Global for keyboard controller tested Perform setups for vector table initialization Monochrome video mode tested Video (CGA) color mode tested Parity enable tested Check for optional ROM's Check for video ROM Determine if EGA/VGA is installed Video memory is tested if non EGA/VGA Video memory tested Video adapter tested Alternate video memory tested Alternate video adapter tested Video mode tested Video mode tested BIOS ROM data area initialized Power on display cursor set Power on message displayed Cursor position read Display cursor reference Display Setup message Protected mode tested Build descriptor tables CPU enters protected mode

43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97

Protected mode interrupt enabled Descriptor tables checked Memory size checked Memory read/Write tested Base 640K memory tested Memory below 1MB checked for Memory above 1MB checked for ROM BIOS data area checked Memory below 1MB cleared for soft reset Memory above 1MB cleared for soft reset Update CMOS memory size Display base 64K memory test Memory test on base 640K performed RAM size updated for shadow operation Extended memory test performed System is prepared for real mode CPU is returned to real mode CPU registers are returned to real mode A20 gate disabled BIOS data area rechecked BIOS data area check complete Setup message displayed DMA register page tested Display memory verified DMA #1 tested DMA #2 tested Perform BIOS data area check BIOS data area checked DMA initialized 8259 PIC initialized Keyboard tested Keyboard reset Check for stuck key and batch test 8042 keyboard controller tested Lock key checked Memory size compared to CMOS Password and soft error checked CMOS equipment checked performed CMOS setup performed if selected Main chipset reinitialized after CMOS setup Power on message displayed Mouse check and wait message displayed Any ROM's attempted to be shadowed System initialized through CMOS settings Hard drives and floppy drives reset Floppy disk setup compared to CMOS settings Floppy controller initialized Hard disks setup compared to CMOS settings Hard disk controller initialized BIOS data table checked BIOS data table check complete Memory size set Display memory verified All Interrupts cleared Optional ROM's checked for

98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 AA 00

All Interrupts cleared Timer data setup Serial ports checked for All Interrupts cleared Math coprocessor checked All Interrupts cleared Extended keyboard checked NumLock set on keyboard Keyboard reset Cache memory size tested Display any soft errors Typematic rate set Memory wait states set Display is cleared Parity and NMI enabled All Interrupts cleared System control is turned over to ROM at E0000 All Interrupts cleared Displayed configuration Call to Interrupt 19 for boot loader

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