DRUG STUDY Generic Name:Cefuroxime Brand name: N/A Date Ordered: February 27, 2012 Ordering Physician: Dr.

Adonis Patricio

Classification:Anti-infective(2nd generation cephalosporins) Mechanism of Action: Bind to bacterial cell wall membrane causing cell death Desired effect: it was used to treat the UTI of the client Dossage,route and frequency:50 mg tab,PO,BID Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug Administer the drug with full stomach After Report to the doctor if itchiness and These are some of the adverse effects of diarrhea will occur the drugs that needs medical attention client to be cooperative To avoid irritation of the stomach

Record to the patients chart

To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose

Maintain proper personal hygiene

To avoid further infection

Encourage the client to eat foods rich in Vitamin C will boost immune system vitamin C thus easier to combat the invading microorganisms Encourage the client to use face mask Since during infection, immune system is low impaired, thus the client is at risk of developing other infections Prevent the client from having in contact Since the clients immune system is with people who have communicable impaired, the patient is susceptible in illnesses Increase the oral fluid intake of the client acquiring other infections To promote excretion of the drug

Generic Name:Celecoxib Brand name: N/A

Date Ordered: February 27, 2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Classification: NSAID (Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) Mechanism of Action: It inhibits the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins while having no effect on the formation of prostaglandins that mediate the normal homeostasis in the GI tract, kidneys and platelets catalysed by COX-1. Desired effect: It was used to alleviate the back pain experienced by the patient Dossage,route and frequency:200 mg /tab, PO, TID PRN x pain

Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order.

Rationale

To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug Administer the drug before meals client to be cooperative Since the absorption of the drug increase when taken with foods. After Report to the doctor if abdominal pain, These are some of the adverse effects of nausea and vomiting will occur after the drugs that needs medical attention administration Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Administer Anti-TB drugs as ordered M. tuberculosis causes the spine to collapse compressing the spinal nerves thus causing pain. Monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit Since this drug can cause bleeding

concentration of the blood Increase fluid intake To facilitate excretion of the drug

Generic Name:Ranitidine Brand name: N/A

Date Ordered: February 27, 2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Classification:anti-ulcer agents,Gastric acid secretion inhibitors Mechanism of Action: It inhibits the action of histamine at the H2-receptor site located primarily in gastric parietal cells resulting in inhibition of gastric acid secretion Desired effect: To treat the ulcer of the patient Dossage,route and frequency:150 mg/tab, PO,BID Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug client to be cooperative

Administer the drug with meals or just To prolong the effect of the drug. after meals

After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Monitor the blood components of the Since this drug can cause agranulocytosis patient Encourage increase in intake of fiber. Increase oral fluid intake and aplastic anemia. Since this drug can cause constipation Increase in oral fluid intake can soften the stool thus preventing constipation Report to the physician if black tarry This are the adverse reactions of the stools, fever, rash, confusion or drugs that needs immediate action

hallucination will occur

Generic Name: Tramadol Brand name: N/A Classification: Analgesic

Date Ordered: February 27, 2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Mechanism of Action: It binds mu-opiod receptors Desired effect: it was used to alleviate the back pain experienced by the patient Dossage,route and frequency:25 mg IV q 8 hours Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug client to be cooperative

Check the BP and respiratory rate of the Since this drug can cause vasodilation client before administration of the drug thus can cause decrease in BP and can cause respiratory depression After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Teach the client how to do deep breathing This and coughing exercises Increase oral fluid intake drug can cause respiratory

depression which can lead to atelectasis. This will soften the stool thus avoiding constipation

Increase intake of fiber rich foods

To have roughage in the stool thus preventing constipation.

Avoid lying on the area that is affected

Pressure will cause the nerve endings that are affected to be irritated causing more pain.

Generic Name: Omeprazole

Date Ordered: March 13, 2012

Brand name: N/A Classification: Anti-ulcer drugs

Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Mechanism of Action: Binds to an enzyme on gastric parietal cells in the presence of acidic gastric pH, preventing the final transport to hydrogen ions into gastric lumens Desired effect: It was used to treat the ulcer of the client Dossage,route and frequency: 20 mg IV BID Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug Administer drugs before meals client to be cooperative Since the drug is easily absorbed when the stomach is empty After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Monitor the AST, ALT, alkaline Since this drug can cause liver

phosphate and bilirubin. Increase oral fluid intake

dysfunction. This will soften the stool thus avoiding constipation

Increase intake of fiber rich foods

To have roughage in the stool thus preventing constipation.

Report if there is black tarry stool, These are the adverse effects of the drug diarrhea, abdominal pain and persistent that needs immediate attention. headache

Generic Name: Amlodipine Brand name: N/A Classification: Calcium Channel Blockers

Date Ordered: March 20,2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Mechanism of Action: it inhibits the transport of calcium into myocardial muscle cells, resulting in inhibition of excitation-contraction coupling and subsequent contraction which causes vasodilation Desired effect: To lower the blood pressure of the patient Dossage,route and frequency:10 mg, PO, OD Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient.

Prepare the materials needed

Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort.

During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug client to be cooperative

Check the BP and respiratory rate of the Since this drug causes further decrease in client before administration of the drug. BP The BP must not be lower than 90 mmHg After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Teach the client how to do deep breathing This and coughing exercises Increase intake of fiber rich foods drug can cause respiratory

depression which can lead to atelectasis. To have roughage in the stool thus preventing constipation.

Avoid lying on the area that is affected

Pressure will cause the nerve endings that are affected to be irritated causing more pain.

Generic Name: Clonidine Brand name: N/A

Date Ordered: March 23,2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Classification: Anti-Hypertensives (adrenergics)

Mechanism of Action: Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the CNS which results in decreased sympathetic outflow inhibiting cardioacceleration and vasoconstriction centers Desired effect: To decrease the blood pressure of the patient Dossage,route and frequency:75 mg OD if BP Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and 160/100 Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Give the drug same time each day Encourage movements Provide oral care Since dry mouth might occur patient to avoid To maintain the effect of the drug sudden To decrease orthostatic hypotension client to be cooperative

Increase foods rich in fiber

To avoid constipation

Generic Name: HRZE Brand name: N/A Classification: Anti-Tubercular

Date Ordered: February 27,2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Mechanism of Action: Inhibits the synthesis RNA by blocking RNA transcription in susceptible organisms Desired effect: To treat Tuberculosis of the client Dossage,route and frequency: 1 tab/day Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid client to be cooperative

overdose Inform the patient that it is normal that To alleviate the anxiety of the client if her her bloody fluids will be colored red Encourage the client to use a face mask bloody fluids are discolored To avoid transferring the organism and to avoid other infections since the patients immune system is depressed Administer the medication following the Since missing one dose might cause prescribed course resistance

Encourage the client to increase intake of Since Mycobacterium Tubercle is a very foods rich in calories and protein competitive microorganism that competes with the bodys nutrients Increase intake of foods rich in Viamin-C To boost the immune system

Generic Name: Ferrous Sulfate Brand name: N/A Classification: Iron Supplements

Date Ordered: February 27,2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Mechanism of Action: Iron is an essential mineral found in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and many enzynmes. It enters the blood stream and is transported to the organs of the reticuloendothelial system where it is separated out and becomes part of iron stores. Desired effect: to increase RBC production of the client Dossage,route and frequency:1 tab,OD Nursing Interventions Rationale

Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Increase intake of foods rich in Iron To increase Iron stores client to be cooperative

Increase intake of foods rich in Vitamin- To facilitate faster absorption C Increase oral fluid intake To avoid constipation

Inform client that it is normal to dark This supplement can cause darkening of stools the stool

Generic Name: Paracetamol Brand name: N/A Classification: non-opioid analgesic

Date Ordered: February 27,2012 Ordering Physician: Dr. Adonis Patricio

Mechanism of Action: Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin that may serve as mediators of pain and fever, primarily in the CNS Desired effect: to alleviate back pain of the patient Dossage,route and frequency: 50 mg/tab, 1 tab q 4 hours oral, for pain Nursing Interventions Before: Check the doctors order. To verify the order of the doctor and to know the right drug, dosage and Rationale

frequency as well as the right patient. Prepare the materials needed Preparing all the materials prior conserve time, energy and effort. During: Ask the full name of the client To verify right patient

Explain the mechanism of action of the To alleviate patients anxiety and for the drug After Record to the patients chart To provide continuity of care and avoid overdose Let the patient such perform as deep relaxation To promote relaxation breathing client to be cooperative

techniques technique.

Instruct the patient to do diversional To divert the attention of the patient from activities. Emphasize complete bed rest the pain felt To further promote recovery and rest