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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean PRESENTACIN economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house elected by popular vote) LA 16 years. ByDE ADAM SMITH: TRAS for HUELLA the standards of multiparty coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential SU RELEVANCIA HOY systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous corruption charges against members, including the stripping of parliamentary rights from five of Leonidas Montes in 2002, and the the coalitions deputies general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed La influencia de algunos pensadores marca un verdadero hito en undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as nuestra historia intelectual. Adam Smith es un notable ejemplo. Cenecessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. lebrando los 230 aos de la publicacin de Una Investigacin acerca In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years de la Naturaleza y las Causas de la Riqueza de las Naciones (1776), in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and un conjunto de ensayos en este volumen destaca la relevancia para la employment and growth figures rebounded in first months grandes pilares of 2003. The discusin actual de quien es considerado uno de los Concertacin del pensamiento liberal. Esta introduccin aclaim credit for good may well be in a position in 2005 to la serie de ensayos que economic stewardship. inicia destacando de manera muy sucinta algunos aspecle siguen se Next, many of the issues surrounding the nondemocratic legacy vidathe Pinochet era includingsethe renowned tos de la of y obra de Adam Smith. En seguida analiza parcialmente la recepcin de la obra de Smith con un hincapi especial en algunas de las contribuciones ms recientes en torno a la investigacin del legado de este pensador. Finaliza con el objetivo principal de esta breve introduccin, esto es, presentar los ensayos que le siguen.

LEONIDAS MONTES. Ingeniero Civil Industrial, Licenciado en Filosofa, Magster en Ciencia Poltica de la Pontificia Universidad Catlica de Chile; Ph.D. y M.Phil. Facultad de Economa de la Universidad de Cambridge. Profesor de Economa en la Universidad Adolfo Ibez y miembro del Consejo Directivo del CEP.

Estudios Pblicos, 104 (primavera 2006).

impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 6 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in 1. Introduccin government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and n passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation 1980s, so as timecuanto a la influencia y relevancia de Adam Smith, cmo entender el legado de este intelectual alabado por Burkeeven its component might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and y utilizado en la causa de la Revolucin the Christian Democrats y internally divided parties most notablyFrancesa, admirado por Kantare rebatido por Bentham, over defensor de las virtudes del capitalismo ydivorce and access to crtico de social issues, such as the legal status of a la vez implacable birth algunos de by defectos? Cmo the Concertacin will have held uno control. Finally, sus the 2005 elections, explicar que Smith, considerado the de los grandes majority in the Chamber of Deputies por Marx? Distintas presidency and a padres del liberalismo, fue admirado (the legislative house respuestas surgen vote) for 16 years. By the standards que el legado elected by popular ante estas interrogantes, pero lo cierto esof multiparty de Adam anywhere, mltiples interpretaciones. Americas presidential coalitions Smith posee much less among Latin El padre de la economa tiene muchas Concertacin is en el mbito poltico. En efecto, los dos primeros systems, the caras, sobre todo geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous ensayos en este volumen members, including the stripping of corruption charges againstOtteson y Fleischacker muestran interpretaciones aparentemente contrapuestas, pero no necesariamente and the parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, excluyentes, de disillusionment that goes derecha poltica y otra power izquierda, general Adam Smith: una desde lawith holding the reins ofdesde la for so long.respectivamente. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. Any El contexto poltico de Grancombination of del siglo XVIII, principalof these forces, or some Bretaa a fines them, could indeed mente dominado por whigs buttories,do not de gran these factors as la undermine the Concertacin, y we no es regard ayuda para definir visin devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of en su escasa necessarily poltica de Smith. El celo por su vida privada, reflejado reasons. correspondencia, tampoco nos permite tener una idea clara. five concepto In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last Si elyears de liberalismo era completamente ajeno a su contexto, ms distantes in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and an seran las distinciones, cada rebounded in first months of 2003. The employment and growth figures vez ms difusas, entre izquierda y derecha, o liberal versus well be in position in 2005 contribuye a la gestacin Concertacin may progresista. aPero Adam Smith to claim credit for good de una concepcin econmica y poltica liberal1 Y su obra, the inagotaeconomic stewardship. Next, many of the issues. surroundingfuentenonble de ideas, constituye un frtil cimiento including the renowned democratic legacy of the Pinochet era para la tradicin liberal. Se podra argumentar que todo el legado de Smith se resume en el anlisis, la promocin y su defensa de el plan liberal de la igualdad, libertad y justicia (RN IV.ix.3, 664). sta es su gran tarea: la formacin de una sociedad mejor. Su aproximacin a los fenmenos sociales es principalmente desde la perspectiva de la economa poltica, la jurisprudencia y la tica. Este gran proyecto de construir una ciencia social es multidisciplinario y esencialmente interdisciplinario. Muy en el espritu de la Ilustracin, recordando el sapere aude de Kant, prcticamente no quedan reas del saber ajenas a esta monumental tarea. Lo interesante es que, trascendiendo las distinciones ideolgicas, el legado de Smith sigue teniendo vigencia significativa. Aunque sus palabras no sean siempre del agrado de todos los consumidores, tanto la izquierda

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Utilizo el concepto liberal de acuerdo a nuestra tradicin hispana, no en su concepcin norteamericana de una posicin poltica de izquierda, sino como referencia a una tradicin liberal de la cual Smith forma parte, que bien podra ajustarse a lo que en la tradicin anglosajona se ha denominado el liberalismo clsico.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 7 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in como la derecha, as como progresistas, liberales clsicos y conservadores, government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially se pueden beneficiar con una lectura de Adam Smith. galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and Estas disquisiciones iniciales nos llevan al tema de fondo de esta 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation introduccin: cul es el verdadero legado de este pensador cuyo impacto might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component trasciende el mbito de la economa? Es Adam Smith an relevante? Estas parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided preguntas, complejas y a la vez provocativas, son en parte respondidas en over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth esta coleccin de ensayos. Sin embargo, antes de especular sobre su legacontrol. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the do y su relevancia, es importante comprender quin era realmente Adam presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house Smith y en qu contexto le toc vivir. Aunque no es tema de esta introducelected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty cin, el estudio de la Ilustracin escocesa como un fenmeno social muy coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential particular es, a mi juicio, sumamente relevante2. Sin duda lo que sucedi systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous despus del Acta de Unin entre Escocia e Inglaterra en 1707, una vez que corruption charges against members, including the stripping of se funda Gran Bretaa, es esencial. El consecuente desarrollo econmico y parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the social de Escocia fue clave en la percepcin que los pensadores escoceses general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so tuvieron de la sociedad comercial que se estaba formando. Los intelectualong. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. les escoceses fueron testigos de muchos cambios, positivos y negativos. Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed Lo cierto es que Smith es una importante figura dentro de un contexto undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as intelectual muy peculiar, que es la Ilustracin escocesa3. necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years in far better shape 2. Algunos of any of its de Adam Smith y su obra and than that antecedentes Southern Cone neighbors, employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The Concertacin En unwell be inpueblo escocs 2005 to claim credit for good haba may pequeo a position in llamado Kirkcaldy, donde slo economic stewardship. Next, habitantes the issues surrounding the (Rae, 1895: aproximadamente 1.500 many of a comienzos del siglo XVIII nondemocratic legacy of the Smith. A los 14 including the renowned poca, 7), nace en 1723 Adam Pinochet era aos, como era comn en esa comienza sus estudios universitarios en la Universidad de Glasgow. Despus de la unin entre Escocia e Inglaterra en 1707, Glasgow haba experimentado un rpido crecimiento econmico. El traslado desde su pequeo pueblo natal a una prspera ciudad comercial debe haber sido un cambio importante para el joven Smith. Sus estudios universitarios son en lenguas clsicas, filosofa (lgica, metafsica y pneumtica), teologa, matemticas y
En relacin con el contexto de la Ilustracin escocesa, Bryson (1945) es un texto clsico. Tambin conviene consultar Campbell y Skinner (1982), Berry (1997) y Broadie (2001, 2003). Para una novela intelectual fascinante que narra la importancia de la Ilustracin escocesa para el mundo moderno, recomiendo How the Scots Invented the Modern World (2001), de Arthur Herman. 3 En cuanto a su vida, las biografas clsicas de Adam Smith son la de John Rae (1895) y la ms reciente, actualizada y comprensiva, es The Life of Adam Smith, publicada en 1995 por Ian Simpson Ross. Otras biografas que pueden consultarse son Hirst (1904), West (1976) y el breve texto de Raphael (1985), que sirve como introduccin a Smith y su legado.
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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 8 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in filosofa moral. Sin duda esta ltima disciplina tuvo una enorme influencia government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially en el joven Smith, sobre todo porque esta ctedra estaba en manos del galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and never to be forgotten Dr Hutcheson (Corr. 274, 309). Francis Hutcheson 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation (1694-1746) fue uno de los fundadores de la Ilustracin escocesa, padre de might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component la teora del moral sense y maestro de la nueva generacin a la que Smith parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided perteneca. En 1740 Adam Smith parte con una beca a Balliol College en la over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth Universidad de Oxford. All su experiencia universitaria durante aproximadacontrol. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the mente seis aos, en contraste con la vibrante vida intelectual en Glasgow, presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house fue acadmicamente desilusionante4. Pero constituy un perodo de extraorelected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty dinaria formacin intelectual. coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential De regreso a Escocia comienza a dictar unas clases pblicas de besystems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous lles lettress en la Universidad de Edimburgo. En 1752 es elegido para la corruption charges against members, including the stripping of famosa ctedra de filosofa moral en la Universidad de Glasgow, cuyo presparliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the tigio provena de la tradicin iniciada en esta ctedra por Francis Hutchegeneral disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so son. Ocupa esta posicin acadmica hasta 1764 y es durante este perodo long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. cuando se comienzan a forjar los primeros indicios de lo que ser el legado Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed de Adam Smith. Sus clases de filosofa moral, segn el testimonio de su undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as alumno y amigo John Millar, comprendan teologa natural, tica, jurisprunecessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. dencia y economa poltica (ver EPS, 274-275). Mientras es profesor de filoIn the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years sofa moral, escribe su Teora de los Sentimientos Morales (TSM). in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and No debemos olvidar que el prestigio intelectual de Smith proviene de employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The su Teora de los Sentimientos Morales, publicada en 1759. Fue esta obra, Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good inspirada en sus clases de filosofa en la Universidad de Glasgow, la que economic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the nonconcit la admiracin de sus pares. Al momento de ser publicada, el gran democratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned filsofo David Hume, probablemente su mejor amigo, le escribe una graciosa y larga carta con ese tono tan propio de su carcter alegre y jovial. Hume parte enumerando a las personalidades de la poca a quienes les haba hecho llegar copias de TSM, pidindole ms adelante excusas por la demora en escribirle para contarle algo del xito de su libro, pronosticando con cierta probabilidad si finalmente debe ser condenado al olvido o registrado en el templo de la inmortalidad (Corr. 31, 33). Despus de otra extensa digresin, contina: Mi querido Mr. Smith, tenga paciencia, tranquilidad en su compostura, mustrese como un filsofo en la prctica as como en su profesin, piense en lo vaco, lo rstico y ftil que es el juicio comn de los hombres (Corr. 31, 34). Finalmente le transmite la noticia: Suponiendo,
4 Critica duramente el sistema de Oxford, donde los profesores reciben un sueldo fijo, ya que por todos estos aos los profesores pblicos han perdido incluso la pretensin de ensear (RN V.i.f.7, 761). Por el contrario, defiende el sistema escocs, donde los profesores reciben un sueldo fijo y otro variable que se recauda directamente de los alumnos.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 9 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in entonces, que se ha preparado para lo peor con estas reflexiones, procedo a government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially contarle las noticias melanclicas, que su libro ha sido muy desafortunado, galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and ya que el pblico tiende a aplaudirlo en extremo (Corr. 31, 35). 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation TSM recibi elogios de Edmund Burke (Corr. 38, 46-47), fue traducimight naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component da al francs5 y le permiti a Adam Smith ser invitado a comienzos de 1764 parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided como tutor del duque de Buccleuch a un grand tour por el continente. sta over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth era una oferta atractiva, tanto desde una perspectiva intelectual como ecocontrol. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the nmica. Abandona su ctedra de filosofa moral en la Universidad de Glaspresidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house gow y se embarca en su primer viaje al extranjero. Ese mismo verano de 1764 elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty Smith le escribe a Hume contndole que estaba aburrido, y que para pasar el coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential tiempo habra comenzado a escribir un libro (ver Corr. 82, 102), con toda systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous probabilidad el germen de su La Riqueza de las Naciones (RN). En gran corruption charges against members, including the stripping of parte gracias a los contactos de David Hume, Smith conoce personalmente parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the a los grandes representantes de la Ilustracin francesa: Voltaire, Montesgeneral disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so quieu, Helvetius, Holbach, DAlambert, entre otros. Adems el futuro padre long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. de la economa tiene la oportunidad de conocer a Turgot y, ms importante Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed an, a Francois Quesnay, el padre de los fisicratas. Su contacto con el undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as fundador de la escuela fisicrata, que pregonaba el laissez faire, laissez necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. passer con el corolario poltico de que el mejor gobierno es el menor gobierIn the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years no, fue una influencia importante para Smith, pero en ningn caso decisiva. in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and En el libro IV titulado De los sistemas de economa poltica de RN critica employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The al sistema agrcola. Segn los fisicratas, la riqueza de un pas est princiConcertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good palmente en la naturaleza, en particular la agricultura6. economic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the nonSmith, al inicio de su La Riqueza de las Naciones, en la Introducdemocratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned cin y plan de la obra, responde de inmediato a la pregunta sugerida en el ttulo de su gran obra: la riqueza de una nacin est en el trabajo productivo. Pensar que la riqueza de una nacin est en la naturaleza sera el gran error de quienes se hacan llamar a s mismos les Economistes. Por ello Smith se refiere en el ltimo captulo del libro IV, con su peculiar y fina irona, al sistema agrcola como aquel que representa el producto de la tierra como la nica fuente del ingreso de una nacin, y que en el presente slo existe en las especulaciones de unos pocos hombres de gran saber e ingenuidad en Francia (RN IV.ix.2, 663). Los dems ocho captulos del libro IV son una crtica enrgica y sostenida del sistema mercantil. En efecto, el
En 1764 fue traducida por Marc Antoine Eidous y en 1774-1775 por JeanLouis Blavet. Asimismo sabemos que en 1774 Louis Alexandre de La Rochefoucauld prepar un manuscrito de su traduccin. Una nueva traduccin fue publicada en 1798, en pleno perodo revolucionario, por Sophie de Grouchy, en ese entonces viuda de Condorcet. Esta ltima traduccin est basada en la ltima edicin de TSM. 6 De all el nombre de fisicratas (physis-kratos): el gobierno o la direccin de la naturaleza.
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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 10 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in mercantilismo equivocadamente sostiene que la riqueza de un pas est en government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially sus reservas, promoviendo polticas econmicas de carcter proteccionista galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and que restringen el libre comercio. 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation Despus de casi tres aos en el continente, principalmente en Franmight naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component cia, Smith regresa a Londres a causa de la inesperada muerte del hermano parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided menor del duque, quien durante su enfermedad fue atendido por el propio over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth Quesnay. De regreso a Londres, en 1766, el duque de Buccleuch se comprocontrol. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the mete a mantenerle la generosa mensualidad de por vida. Gracias a este apopresidency and a majority se the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative unas pocas yo econmico, Smith in retira a Kirkcaldy y con la excepcin de house elected by a Londres y Edimburgo, se dedica the standards of multiparty a visitas popular vote) for 16 years. By durante los prximos diez aos coalitions anywhere, much less among Latinpublicada finalmente en 1776, escribir su RN. Esta importantsima obra fue Americas presidential systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing portas de la revolucin francesa poco antes de la revolucin americana, ad the scars of miscellaneous corruption que aos despus sera la revolucin industrial. stripping of y de lo charges against members, including the parliamentary buen David five of the coalitions deputies escribe Euge! Belle! El rights from Hume, despus de leer RN, le in 2002, and the general disillusionment that goes with holding thesu desempeo (Corr. 150, Querido Sr. Smith: estoy muy satisfecho con reins of power for so long.186), mightinvita a discutir that the coalitionadvirtindole que tiene que ser One y lo conclude, then, ciertos puntos, is simply ready to expire. Any of these delicado some combination permitir una indeed pronto, ya que suforces, or estado de salud no leof them, couldlarga espera. undermine the Concertacin, but despus David Hume muere factors as Aproximadamente cinco meses we do not regard these apaciblemente. necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. de En una carta a su editor William Strahan, Adam Smith describe la muerte In the first place, the Chilean economy hassu carcter. Este testimonio years su gran amigo David Hume, alabando come through the last five fue publicado, lo shape than reputacin of its Southern Cone neighbors, and in far better que, dada la that of anyde ateo de su amigo Hume, produjo cierta reaccin pblica. Smith se queja de que in first months of 2003. papel... employment and growth figures rebounded ese inofensivo pedazo deThe me ha producido diez in a ms problemas que claim violento good Concertacin may well beveces position in 2005 to el muy credit forataque que hice stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding 208, 251). economicsobre todo el sistema comercial de Gran Bretaa (Corr. the non- Al referirse de esta of the Pinochet testimonio es evidencia de que Smith democratic legacy forma a su RN, esteera including the renowned estaba consciente del carcter revolucionario de sus ideas en el plano de la economa poltica. En una suerte de irona histrica, en 1777 Adam Smith, el defensor del libre mercado, es nombrado Comisionado de Aduanas en Edimburgo. No obstante que esta posicin poda asumirse como una sinecura, ejerci sus funciones con celosa responsabilidad. Tanto es as que pese a las promesas para escribir un tratado de jurisprudencia que completara su plan original de conformar el gran sistema de una ciencia social que incluyera tica (TSM), economa poltica (RN) y jurisprudencia, el tiempo le resulta escaso7.
7 Esta promesa qued al final de la primera edicin de la TSM (1759). Posteriormente en una carta de 1785 a su editor promete unas pequeas alteraciones (Corr. 244, 281) para una sexta edicin. Sin embargo slo tres aos ms tarde se da cuenta de la verdadera dimensin de su tarea, dejando por un tiempo sus labores en Aduanas para hacer muchas adiciones y correcciones (Corr. 276, 310). Despus de un ao de arduo trabajo en TSM, Smith se excusa con su editor por la excesiva demora (ver Corr. 287, 321), pero sigue trabajando en ella. Finalmente la sexta edicin de TSM se publica de manera pstuma en 1791.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 11 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in Su Riqueza de las Naciones no sufri mayores cambios en sus dos government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially ltimas ediciones de 1786 y 17898. No obstante, los ltimos aos de su vida galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and Smith los dedic a su libro de tica: aproximadamente un tercio de la sexta 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation edicin de la TSM corresponde a adiciones que Smith realiz en este ltimo might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component perodo de su vida. Pese a que ciertos intrpretes no consideran relevantes parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided dichos cambios, a mi juicio son significativos porque reflejan su pensamiento over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth ms maduro. Es particularmente interesante su intencin de complementar su control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the concepto de simpata y espectador imparcial con una tica de la virtud. presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house En seguida realizar un recorrido muy personal, y en ningn caso elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty exhaustivo, en cuanto al impacto intelectual de Adam Smith. coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous corruption charges against de Adam Smith y la investigacin recienteof 3. La recepcin members, including the stripping parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the No obstante que el impacto inicial the reins of power for so general disillusionment that goes with holding de TSM fue tal vez mayor que el de RN9, laconclude, then, that the coalition is simply y por otro lado de Kant, long. One might gran influencia por un lado de Bentham, ready to expire. sumieronthese TSM en unasome combination Lo cierto es que RN tuvo gran Any of a la forces, or suerte del olvido. of them, could indeed impacto Concertacin, but we do not regard del factors as undermine the en los acontecimientos polticos de fines thesesiglo XVIII, sobre todo devastating to the coalitions survival Independencia americana. necessarily en cuanto a su enorme influencia en la for a number of reasons. Pero ante estos the grandes sistemas has come through el last five years In the first place, dos Chilean economy morales, como sonthe utilitarismo y el kanin far tianismo, la moralthat of any basadaSouthern Cone neighbors, and lo que better shape than smithiana, of its en los sentimientos, entra en podramos definir como un largo perodo de hibernacin. El ritmo de las employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The reediciones well be TSM es una prueba de este credit for durante Concertacin may de RN yin a position in 2005 to claim fenmeno good los siglos XIX y XX10. Adam Smith pas convertirse en el padre noneconomic stewardship. Next, many of the aissues surrounding the de la economa, legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned democratice incluso el padre del laissez faire atribuido a la escuela de Manchester. Sin embargo en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX un grupo de economistas alemanes pertenecientes a la escuela histrica comenzaron a cuestionar la TSM. Se preguntaron cmo era posible que el mismo autor hubiera escrito dos libros tan distintos. En RN se defenda la concepcin del inters propio y en TSM el concepto de simpata. El homo economicus descansa en un ser humano egosta y el homo moralis en un ser benevolente. As se origina el famoso Das Adam Smith Problem, un debate que mantuvo, y mantiene, un activo inters intectual11.
8 La segunda edicin de la RN apareci en 1778, la tercera, para la cual se agregaron unas 24.000 palabras, apareci en 1784, y las subsiguientes dos ediciones (1786 y 1789) no presentan alteraciones de ningn tipo. En efecto, al comienzo de la cuarta edicin aclara: En esta cuarta edicin no he hecho alteraciones de ningn tipo. 9 Para la recepcin de RN, ver Teichgraeber (1987), Rashid (1998: 135-181) y Rothschild (1992). 10 Por ejemplo durante los primeros tres cuartos del siglo XX se realizan slo cuatro reimpresiones de TSM en ingls, y ms de cuarenta de RN. 11 Una interpretacin respecto al contexto que pudo originar el Smith Problem y las reacciones ante ste, en Montes (2004, captulo 2).

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 12 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in Skaryski (1878) encontr una explicacin muy simple para este fegovernment during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially nmeno: fue el contacto de Adam Smith con los materialistas franceses galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and durante su viaje al continente lo que habra producido un cambio en su 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation pensamiento. Antes de partir al grand tour escribe su TSM, donde se enfomight naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component ca en la benevolencia de lo seres humanos, y al regresar a Gran Bretaa parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided desarrolla su RN, donde destaca el carcter egosta de la naturaleza humana. over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth El ao 1896 Edwin Cannan (1861-1935) publica los apuntes de los estucontrol. Finally, by the 2005 12 elections, the Concertacin will have held the diantes de Adam Smith , donde est claro que muchas de sus ideas en presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house economa poltica estaban presentes antes de su viaje al continente. Si el elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty descubrimiento de los apuntes de clases ech por la borda la Umschwungscoalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential theorie que explicara el problema de Smith, el problema estaba basado en systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous una concepcin errnea de lo que Smith deca. Existe cierto generalizado corruption charges against members, including the stripping of consenso en que TSM, y a fortiori el concepto de simpata, no es acerca de parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the la benevolencia, y RN tampoco es acerca del egosmo. Si bien es cierto que general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so en RN no aparece el concepto de simpata, en TSM el concepto de inters long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. propio, que difiere del egosmo que a la vez tanto critica en esta obra, es Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed tratado en profundidad. undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as En la primera mitad del siglo XX el connotado economista Jacob necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. Viner (1892-1970) y Glenn Morrow ([1923] 1927, 1969) producen excelentes In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years estudios de Adam Smith. La introduccin a la nueva traduccin al alemn in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and de TSM realizada por Walter Eckstein (1926) es tambin un trabajo fundaemployment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The mental. Cabe asimismo destacar en este perodo Adam Smith as Student Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good and Professor (1927), de William Scott. No obstante hay a mi juicio dos economic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the nonobras que marcan un quiebre. Por una parte en su influyente ensayo Adam democratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned Smith and Laissez Faire (1927) Jacob Viner plantea que TSM y RN son obras divergentes e imposibles de reconciliar, resucitando el famoso Adam Smith Problem. Sugiere que RN sera un libro de economa poltica y TSM una obra de tica donde Smith nos revelara una clara influencia religiosa. Por otra parte, en su colosal History of Economic Analysis (1954), Joseph Schumpeter plantea que Smith no es un pensador original. Para Schumpeter tal vez lo nico rescatable y original en RN sera el captulo de precios (RN I.vii) como precursor de la teora del equilibrio econmico, la Magna Carta de la teora econmica (Schumpeter, 1954: 189, 968). La influencia de ambos connotados economistas ocasiona lo que podramos definir como una relativa prdida de inters en el legado de Adam Smith13.
12 stas son sus Lectures on Jurisprudence, correspondientes a ciertos apuntes de sus clases durante los aos acadmicos de 1762-1763 y 1763-1764. 13 Para entender la autoridad intelectual que figuras como Jacob Viner y Joseph Schumpeter inspiraban, basta recordar que Hayek en su notable ensayo Two Types of Mind se refiere a Viner y a Schumpeter como master of his subject (Hayek 1978: 51). Esta prdida de inters es relativa, ya que en 1957 Joseph Cropsey, dentro de la corriente

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 13 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in No obstante que la obra de Smith contina siendo de inters para government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially una amplia gama de historiadores del pensamiento econmico14, hasta hace galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and unos treinta aos Adam Smith era el objeto de estudio por parte de historia1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation dores del pensamiento econmico que estudiaban el perodo clsico desde might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component una perspectiva marxista (e. g., Maurice Dobb, 1973; Ronald Meek, 1977). El parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided foco principal era RN, como eventual precursor del materialismo histrico, la over social issues, such la teora de la alienacin. Un pequeo grupo birth teora del valor y as the legal status of divorce and access to notablecontrol. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the mente Hayek y Friedman defenda las credenciales liberales del padre de presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house la economa. elected by popular vote) for 16 years. Byesthe punto de inflexin para el estuEl bicentenario de RN en 1976 un standards of multiparty coalitions de Adam Smith. Para celebrar la ocasin,Americas presidential inicia anywhere, much less among Latin Oxford University Press dio systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the of the of miscellaneous un ambicioso proyecto: el Glasgow Edition scars Works and Corresponcorruption charges Smith. El legado completo de Adam Smith se publica entre dence of Adam against members, including the stripping of parliamentary 1983, fruto del monumental esfuerzo de los in 2002, and the An1976 y rights from five of the coalitions deputies editores generales general disillusionment that goes Raphael. Estasthe reins of power for so candrew S. Skinner y David D. with holding obras establecen los textos long. One might Adam Smith, instaurndose un sistema de citaciones. Las obras nicos de conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed publicadas son: undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as TSM The Theory coalitions survival editado por D. D. Raphael necessarily devastating to theof Moral Sentiments, for a number of reasons. y A. In the first place, L. Macfie, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976.the last five years the Chilean economy has come through An Inquiry of the of its and Causes of neighbors, and in far RN shape than thatinto any Nature Southern Cone the Wealth of Nations, better employment and editado por R. H. Campbell in A. S. months of 2003. The growth figures rebounded y first Skinner, Oxford: Clarendon Press, be in Concertacin may well1976. a position in 2005 to claim credit for good Corr. Correspondence of of the issues surrounding the noneconomic stewardship. Next, many Adam Smith, editado por E. C. Mossner y I. S. Ross, the Pinochet era including the renowned democratic legacy of Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977. LJ Lectures on Jurisprudence, editado por R. L. Meek, D. D. Raphael y P. G. Stein, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978. EPS Essays on Philosophical Subjects, editado por W. P. D. Wightman y J. C. Bryce, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980. LRBL Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, editado por J. C. Bryce, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983. Adems se publican importantes colecciones15. Este renacimiento de productividad en cuanto al legado de Adam Smith se refleja en una serie de
straussiana, publica su importante obra Polity and Economy, donde destaca ciertos aspectos hobbesianos en Smith. Posteriormente en 1967 se publica una coleccin de ensayos de A. L. Macfie, futuro editor de TSM, como The Individual in Society. 14 Cabe destacar a Nathan Rosenberg, Mark Blaug, Samuel Hollander, Warren Samuels, David Levy, Maurice Brown, Rory O Donnell, Glenn Hueckel y Walter Eltis. 15 Previo a la edicin de Glasgow, en el ao 1975, A. Skinner y T. Wilson editan la importante coleccin de ensayos Essays on Adam Smith. Otras colecciones relevantes son ODriscoll (1979), Campbell & Skinner (1982), Jones & Skinner (1992) y Skinner (1996).

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 14 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in ensayos en diversas reas del pensamiento de Smith. En particular los tragovernment during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially bajos de Recktenwald (1978), Brown (1997) y Tribe (1999) cubren la flogalvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and reciente investigacin en torno a Adam Smith, resumiendo este mpetu 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation productivo. might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component Entre 1981 y 1987 Liberty Fund public todas las obras de Adam parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided Smith en un formato de alta calidad y a precios subsidiados por dicha funover social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth dacin. Recientemente Liberty Fund ha incluido una importante coleccin control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the de obras, incluyendo TSM y RN, en su The Online Library of Liberty presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house (www.econlib.org y www.libertyfund.org). Tambin acaba de publicar el elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty Index anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential coalitions to the Works of Adam Smith, editado por Knud Haakonssen y Andrew S. Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous systems, the Skinner, que es un ndice por temas y autores para todas las obras de Smith. En espaol contamos con muy buenas traducciones (e introduccorruption charges against members, including the stripping of ciones) de Carlos Rodrguez the coalitions y RN, publicadas por the parliamentary rights from five ofBraun para TSMdeputies in 2002, and Alianza Editorial (1997 y 1994, goes with holding ythe reins of power Filosficos general disillusionment that respectivamente), para los Ensayos for so long.(Ediciones Pirmide, 1998). that the coalition is simply ready to expire. One might conclude, then, Any Despus de la edicin de Glasgow hay tresthem, could indeed que of these forces, or some combination of obras en particular conviene destacar. En 1978 but we Winch publica Adam Smiths Politics. undermine the Concertacin, Donald do not regard these factors as An Essay in Historiographic Revision, donde entrega una of reasons. necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number lectura historiogrfica con the Chilean economy has come humanismo cvico. En In the first place, un interesante componente del through the last five years1981 Knud Haakonssen publica any of its of a Legislator. The Natural Jurisin far better shape than that ofThe Science Southern Cone neighbors, and prudence of growth figures Adam Smith first months profundiza en employment and David Hume andrebounded in (1981), dondeof 2003. The las Lectures may well be in position in concepto de justicia la good Concertacin on Jurisprudenceaanalizando el2005 to claim credit yfor importancia de una corriente jurisprudencial en issues surrounding de noneconomic stewardship. Next, many of the Smith que proviene the Grotius y Pufendorf. La importante coleccin de including the Istvan Hont democratic legacy of the Pinochet era ensayos editada porrenowned y Michael Ignatieff en 1983, Wealth and Virtue. The Shaping of Political Economy in the Scottish Enlightenment, inicia el debate destacando las tensiones entre una interpretacin desde el humanismo cvico (a la Pocock) o jurisprudencial (a la Haakonssen)16. Estas obras gatillan una nueva etapa en trminos de investigacin. No obstante presentar distintos enfoques, su influencia sigue vigente en los estudios ms recientes de Adam Smith. Despus de la cada del muro de Berln en 1989, surgen nuevas inquietudes respecto al legado de Adam Smith. Si en Smith los marxistas vean a Marx, otros le atribuan una ciega defensa del libre mercado. La cada del comunismo inici una nueva mirada de los economistas a Adam Smith, mantenindose la tensin entre lecturas progresistas y liberales clsicas. Importantes economistas como James Buchanan, Robert Coase, Friedrich von Hayek, Amartya Sen, Milton Friedman, Vernon Smith and
16 Posteriormente Richard Teichgraeber publica en 1986 Free Trade and Moral Philosophy.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 15 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in George Stigler17 entregaron sus propias visiones respecto del padre de la government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially economa. galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and Desde entonces diversos libros como Capitalism as a Moral Sys1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation tem: Adam Smiths Critique of the Free Market Economy, de Spencer Pack might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component (1991); A Third Concept of Liberty: Judgment and Freedom in Kant parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided and Adam Smith, de Samuel Fleischacker (1999), y el influyente Economic over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet, and the Enlightenment, de Emma control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the Rothschild (2002), han reclamado la figura de Adam Smith para la izquierda presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house poltica. En particular Rothschild (2001) representa una corriente de historia elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty intelectual donde plantea la intepretacin ms radical de la mano invisible: coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential sta sera una irona, una broma de Adam Smith para describir la sangrienta systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous mano invisible del libre mercado. corruption charges against members, including the stripping of En 1993 se publican las obras de Jerry Muller, Adam Smith in His parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the Time and Ours (1993), y Stewart Justman, The Autonomous Male of Adam general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so Smith (1993). Vivienne Brown en su Adam Smiths Discourse: Canonicity, long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. Commerce, and Conscience (1994) entrega una mirada crtica, analizando la Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed narrativa de TSM y RN y realizando una investigacin pionera de la influenundermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as cia estoica en Smith. Jeffrey Young en su Economics as a Moral Science necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. (1997) entrega un anlisis de la importancia de la relacin entre TSM y RN In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years en lo concerniente al concepto de justicia de Smith. En su Adam Smith and in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and the Classics: The Classical Heritage in Adam Smiths Thought (2001) Gloemployment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The ria Vivenza estudia las influencias clsicas en Adam Smith. Por su parte Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good Salim Rashid, en su The Myth of Adam Smith (1998), entrega una mirada ms economic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the noniconoclstica del padre de la economa. democratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned En los destacados trabajos de Charles Griswold, Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment (1998), y de James Otteson, Adam Smiths Marketplace of Life (2002), se reestablece el importante rol de TSM en la historia de la filosofa moral. Esto es digno de resaltar ya que hoy filsofos como Martha Nussbaum, Stephen Darwall, Ernst Tugendhat y Charles Larmore reconocen la importancia de Adam Smith en el campo de la filosofa moral. En 2003 James Alvey publica Adam Smith: Optimist or Pessimist?18, donde analiza la defensa y la crtica que realiza Smith de la sociedad comercial. Recientemente Samuel Fleischacker public su Adam Smiths Wealth of Nations: A Philosophical Companion (2004), donde extiende una mirada poltica al legado de Smith. Leonidas Montes public Adam Smith in Context. A Critical Reassessment of some Central Components of His Thought
Ver algunos de estos ensayos, y otros, en las colecciones para celebrar el bicentenario como Glahe (1978) y posteriormente Fry (1992). 18 Ese mismo ao Pierre Force publica Self-Interest before Adam Smith. A Genealogy of Economic Science (2003).
17

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 16 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in (2004), donde se cubre la importancia de la triloga de la simpata, el espectagovernment during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially dor imparcial y la virtud del self-command. Jerry Evensky publica su Adam galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and Smiths Moral Philosophy. A Historical and Contemporary Perspective on 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation Markets, Law, Ethics, and Culture (2005), donde explica el legado de Smith might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component como el plan liberal de la igualdad, libertad y justicia (RN IV.ix.3, 664), parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided influido por una mirada religiosa. over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth Istvan Hont publica en 2005 su Jealousy of Trade: Internacional control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the Competition and the Nation-State in Historical Perspective, donde entrepresidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house ga su perspectiva intelectual de Smith y el contexto del siglo XVIII. Por elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty ltimo, se acaba de publicar el esperado Cambridge Companion to Adam coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential Smith, editado por Knud Haakonssen, que incluye a un grupo de prestigiasystems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous dos acadmicos, entre ellos Amartya Sen, Emma Rothschild, John Pocock, corruption charges against members, including the stripping of Knud Haakonssen, Donald Winch, Charles Griswold, Christopher Berry y parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the Alexander Broadie. Recientemente se public una coleccin de ensayos de general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so jvenes doctorados que trabajaron en Adam Smith, titulado New Voices on long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. Adam Smith (2006), editado por Leonidas Montes y Eric Schliesser. Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed Otra importante iniciativa es la formacin de la International Adam undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as Smith Society, que publica regularmente un Newsletter. Aqu se informan necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. de las recientes disertaciones doctorales, publicaciones y conferencias relaIn the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years cionadas con Adam Smith. Esta sociedad tambin promueve sesiones esin far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and peciales de Adam Smith con diversas conferencias. Tambin se inici la employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The publicacin de una nueva revista internacional, la Adam Smith Review, ediConcertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good tada por Vivienne Brown, donde se publican crticas de los libros ms reeconomic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the noncientes, dndoles a los autores la posibilidad de responder. democratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned Esta abrumadora produccin intelectual refleja un vibrante ambiente intelectual en cuanto al legado de Adam Smith19. Este creciente inters, en que se estn descubriendo aspectos muy interesantes de las obras menos estudiadas de Smith, y especialmente algunos ensayos en su Essays on Philosophical Subjects (EPS) acerca del lenguaje, metafsica, astronoma, slo nos confirman por qu grandes pensadores como Adam Smith han tenido tanta influencia y relevancia en nuestra historia. 4. Los ensayos en este volumen Samuel Fleischacker, en su A Third Concept of Liberty (1999), ha realizado una labor pionera descubriendo la posible influencia de Smith en Kant. Esta conexin se extrapola al plano de lo poltico en su reciente On
19 Una coleccin bastante exhaustiva de ensayos acerca de Adam Smith se encuentra en las recopilaciones editadas por J. C. Wood, Adam Smith: Critical Assessments (1983-1984 y 1994).

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 17 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in Adam Smiths Wealth of Nations: A Philosophical Companion (2004), dongovernment during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially de analiza en detalle las implicancias polticas que hoy tiene el pensamiento galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and de Smith. Como un representante de la izquierda poltica, en su ensayo 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation Adam Smith y la Igualdad Fleischacker defiende una visin progresista might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component de Adam Smith que pone el nfasis en su concepto de igualdad y su preparties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided ocupacin por los pobres. over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth Por otra parte James Otteson en su influyente Adam Smiths Marketcontrol. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the place of Life (2002) ha realizado una interpretacin del legado de Smith a la presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house luz de una visin ms amplia del mercado. Desde una posicin hayekiana, elected by popular vote) for 16 years. By the standards of multiparty destacando la preocupacin de Adam Smith por el principio de la libertad coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential individual, Otteson representara una perspectiva poltica de derecha. En su systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous Adam Smith y la Libertad James Otteson defiende una lectura liberal clsicorruption charges against members, including the stripping of ca de Adam Smith donde priman el respeto por la libertad individual y la parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the justicia conmutativa. La actitud poltica liberal clsica de desconfianza ante general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so los planes sociales, de reticencia frente al rol de los expertos, forma parte long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. integral de la interpretacin de Otteson. Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed El primer captulo del libro primero de RN es acerca de la divisin del undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as trabajo. En su clsico ejemplo de la fbrica de alfileres, Smith cuenta que un necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. hombre por s mismo slo puede producir entre uno y veinte alfileres. Pero In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years Smith ha visto20 una pequea fbrica donde diez hombres se dividen in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and distintas tareas, con lo cual se incrementa la produccin a cuarenta y ocho employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The mil alfileres por da (RN I.i.3, 14-15). Con el principio de la divisin del Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good trabajo y su impacto en la productividad se establecen los fundamentos de economic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the nonla defensa que realiza Smith de la sociedad comercial. Lo notable es que democratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned este primer captulo finaliza con una suerte de experimento mental. Smith compara la gran diferencia entre las condiciones de vida de un campesino laborioso y frugal con el lujo extravagante de un prncipe europeo. Pero acto seguido compara al campesino laborioso y frugal con un rey africano, dueo absoluto de las vidas y libertades de diez mil salvajes desnudos (RN I.i.11, 24). Esta comparacin a mi juicio entrega un mensaje poltico, donde resulta difcil abstenerse de encontrar cierta similitud con el experimento mental que sugiere la imagen del velo de la ignorancia de Rawls. El salvaje desnudo no es dueo de su vida ni de su libertad. El campesino, en una sociedad comercial, tiene garantizada su propiedad, la que incluye, en la tradicin liberal lockeana, su vida, su libertad y sus derechos de propiedad. Segn Smith, si es laborioso y frugal en una sociedad comercial tendr la oportunidad de mejorar su condicin. Por tanto la pregunta es: polticamente qu tipo de sociedad es mejor, la comer20

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Destaco esto para recordar la importancia de la experiencia en estos pensa-

dores.

impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 18 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in cial o la africana? Ciertamente, extrapolando al situarse ante el experimento government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially mental rawlsiano, aquella donde se respeta la propiedad en su ms amplio galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and sentido liberal. 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation En esta lnea argumental, Jimena Hurtado en su Smith y Rawls: De might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component la Utilidad de la Simpata para una Concepcin Liberal de la Justicia reclaparties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided ma para Smith una concepcin ms sofisticada de la justicia social que over social issues, such as the legal status of divorce and access to birth incluye la simpata y el espectador imparcial. Esto resulta interesante, ya control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the que Rawls a majority in clasifica a Smith como un pensador utilitarista. presidency and errneamente the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house elected by En palabras delfor 16 years. Bydel pensamientoof multiparty popular vote) gran historiador the standards econmico Jacob Viner, Smith fue el gran eclctico (1927: 199). A mi juicio, este epteto no coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential debe ser tomado en un sentido peyorativo. the scars of no slo hablaba systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing Adam Smith miscellaneous y lea en charges era usual en la poca, sino que the stripping of corruption latn, comoagainst members, includingtena un amplio dominio de la lengua griega. Por ello es muy posible que Adam Smith hubiera estado parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the de disillusionment that goes with efecto, the reins of power for so general acuerdo con esta descripcin. En holdingetimolgicamente el verbo grielong.go eklektikos dice relacinthat the coalition is simply ready to cuanto a sus One might conclude, then, con elegir lo que es mejor. En expire. influencias, Smith supo or some lo largo de una tradicin intelectual que Any of these forces, elegir a combination of them, could indeed parte con los clsicos, de quienes era un gran conocedor y factors as undermine the Concertacin, but we do not regard these admirador. Una rpida devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. necessarily mirada por los volmenes que contena su biblioteca (Mizuta, 1967) y una rpida the Chilean legado has evidencia suficiente five acabado In the first place,lectura de sueconomy son come through the lastde suyears conocimiento than clsicos. La influencia de los clsicos en su obra es in far better shapede los that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and un tema que ha growth figures rebounded in first months en el libro Adam employment and ido cobrando relevancia, como queda claroof 2003. The Smith and the well be in a position in 2005 to Concertacin mayClassics (2001) de Gloria Vivenza. claim credit for good Siguiendo la Next, many of the issues surrounding the noneconomic stewardship. empresa de estudiar la influencia de los clsicos, Mara democratic legacy of entrega una novedosa lectura de the renowned Alejandra Carrasco the Pinochet era including Adam Smith como filsofo de la razn prctica. Sin duda las figuras de Aristteles y de Santo Toms de Aquino eran subestimadas por los intelectuales de la Ilustracin escocesa, pero Carrasco nos muestra como Smith puede ser ledo desde una ptica aristotlica sin que ello signifique una contraposicin a su teora de la simpata y el espectador imparcial, sino muy por el contrario, su postura sera compatible con la razn prctica aristotlica. En una lnea de investigacin similar, Ryan Hanley pretende rescatar la importancia de una tica de la virtud en una lectura de Smith. No es casual que una parte completa de TSM, titulada Del carcter de la virtud, haya sido agregada en los ltimos aos de vida de Smith para su sexta edicin. Esto implica un giro hacia una tica de la virtud. En su La Concepcin Benevolente pero Interesada de la Filosofa de Adam Smith, Eric Schliesser explora la concepcin de la filosofa de Adam Smith en relacin con la vida comn y las ciencias. En cuanto a la poltica, se esboza la idea de que la filosofa ayuda a disear un marco

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 19 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in institucional equitativo y libre del fanatismo como consecuencia no deseagovernment during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially da de la religin. Finalmente se analiza la posicin smithiana en relacin con galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and el republicanismo extremo de Rousseau, sobre quien escribi en una revista 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation de la poca argumentando que Smith defiende and even its component might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, a la sociedad comercial como parties un medio notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided most para filosofar. Mara Elton the legal status of divorce and access to en over social issues, such asen su Benevolencia y Educacin Pblica birthSmith hace hincapi en2005 elections, the Concertacin will havepensamiento de control. Finally, by the la importancia de la benevolencia en el held the Smith. Sugiere que el inters por s mismo en (the legislative house presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies La Riqueza de las Naciones electedincluso puede vote) for 16 llegando a ser una prudencia inferior, compatiby popular ser virtuoso, years. By the standards of multiparty ble con la benevolencia. Se among tambinAmericas presidential en el coalitions anywhere, much less refiere Latin al destacado papel que sistema de la libertad natural Smith le atribuye a la of miscellaneous systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scarseducacin moral y poltica de charges against members, including corruption los individuos que conforman una sociedad. the stripping of parliamentaryPor ltimo en Sobre elcoalitions deputiesla Teora and Equilibrio rights from five of the Newtonianismo y in 2002, del the Econmico General de Adam Smith se explora la of power for Newton general disillusionment that goes with holding the reinsmetodologa deso para enfrentar problemas that the coalition is simply ready to Smith, long. One might conclude, then, cientficos argumentando que Adamexpire. inserto en el contexto newtoniano de la Ilustracin of them, could un sofisticado Any of these forces, or some combination escocesa, sera indeed intrprete de Newton. Considerando not regard these factors as undermine the Concertacin, but we do que algunos economistas, entre ellos Schumpeter, han visto Smith como un precursor de la teora del equilibrio necessarily devastating to theacoalitions survival for a number of reasons. general, y the Chilean la influencia come through the sido fundamental, se In the first place,que para elloeconomy has de Newton habra last five years in far explicashape ambasthat of any of its SouthernNewtonneighbors,no son prebetter que than tesis no son sustentables. Cone y Smith and employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The cursores del equilibrio econmico walrasiano. Concertacin El legado de un a positiondel 2005 tode Adam Smith es y seguir may well be in pensador in calibre claim credit for good economic stewardship. Next, many of the issues surrounding the non-es que siendo fuente de nuevas especulaciones y debate. Lo interesante democratic Smith trasciende Pinochet era including the renowned posAdam legacy of the las distinciones entre derecha e izquierda. Las turas de Otteson y de Fleischacker son en apariencia contrarias, pero no necesariamente excluyentes a los ojos de Smith. Su plan liberal de la igualdad, libertad y justicia sigue siendo nuestro ms grande desafo. Por ltimo slo resta agradecer a Samuel Fleischacker, James Otteson, Jimena Hurtado, Alejandra Carrasco y Mara Elton por su participacin en este nmero. Expreso tambin mis agradecimientos a la editorial Routledge por autorizar la traduccin de los ensayos de Ryan Hanley, Eric Schliesser y el mo. Agradezco asimismo la importante colaboracin de Martn Bruggendieck y Alberto Ide en la traduccin al castellano de los trabajos de Samuel Fleischacker, Ryan Hanley y Eric Schliesser, y de los artculos de James Otteson y el mo, respectivamente. Finalmente mi reconocimiento a Mara Teresa Miranda, secretaria de redaccin de Estudios Pblicos, por su silenciosa y abnegada labor de editar lo que en principio pareca una tarea imposible.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 20 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in REFERENCIAS government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially galvanized around opposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and Alvey, J. E.: Adam Smith: Optimist or Pessimist? Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation Company, 2003. might naturallyEconomic In addition, the Concertacin, and even its componentPress, Blaug, M.: weaken. Theory in Retrospect. Cambridge: Cambridge University [1962] 1997. parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided over Berry, C.: Social Theoryas the Scottishstatus of divorce and access to birth social issues, such of the legal Enlightenment. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997. control. Finally, by the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the Broadie, A.: The Scottish Enlightenment. Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 2001. presidency and aCambridgeinCompanion to of Deputies (the legislative Cambridge: majority the Chamber the Scottish Enlightenment. house The elected by Cambridge vote) for Press,years. By the standards of multiparty popular University 16 2003. coalitions anywhere, muchEconomics: His Place inAmericas presidential Brown, M.: Adam Smiths less among Latin the Development of Economic Thought. London: is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous systems, the Concertacin Croom Helm, 1988. Brown, V.: Adam Smiths Discourse: Canonicity, Commerce, and stripping London: corruption charges against members, including the Conscience. of Routledge, 1994. parliamentary rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the Mere Inventions of the Imagination. En Economics and Philosophy, 13: 281general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so 312, 1997. long.Bryson, G.: Man and Society: The Scottish Inquiry ofis simply ready to expire. York: One might conclude, then, that the coalition the Eighteenth Century. New Any Kelley, [1945] 1968.or some combination of them, could indeed of these forces, Buchanan, J. Concertacin, Natural do not Journal of Legal Studies, as undermine the M.: The Justice of but weLiberty. Enregard these factors 5: 1-16, necessarily 1976. devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. The Supply of Labour and the Extent of the Market. En Michael Fry (ed.), In the first place, Smiths Legacy: His Place income through the last five years the Chilean economy has the Development of Modern Economics. Adam in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and Routledge, 1992. employmentE.: Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue in first months ofin the University of Cannan, and growth figures rebounded and Arms, Delivered 2003. The Glasgow by Adam in a Oxford: in 2005 1896. Concertacin may well be Smith.positionClarendon, to claim credit for good Campbell, T. D.: Adam Next, many of Morals. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., economic stewardship. Smiths Science of the issues surrounding the non1971. democratic legacy of the Pinochet era including the renowned
Campbell, R. H. y Skinner, A. S.: Adam Smith. New York, NY: St. Martins Press, 1982. (eds.): The Origins and Nature of the Scottish Enlightenment. Edinburgh: J. Donald, 1982. Clark, J. M. et al.: Adam Smith, 1776-1926: Lectures to Commemorate the Sesquicentennial of the Publication of The Wealth of Nations. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1928. Coase, R. H.: Adam Smiths View of Man. En Journal of Law and Economics, 19: 529-546, 1976. Cropsey, J.: Polity and Economy: An Interpretation of the Principles of Adam Smith. The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1957. Darwall, S.: Empathy, Sympathy, and Care. En Philosophical Studies, 89: 261-282, 1998. Sympathetic Liberalism: Recent Work on Adam Smith. En Philosophy and Public Affairs, 28: 139-164, 1999. Den Uyl, D. J. y Charles L. Griswold, Jr.: Adam Smith on Friendship and Love. En Review of Metaphysics, 49: 609-637, 1996. Dickey, L.: Historicizing the Adam Smith Problem: Conceptual, Historiographical, and Textual Issues. En Journal of Modern History, 58: 579-609, 1986.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 21 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in Dobb, M.: Theories of Value and Distribution since Adam Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge government during thePress, 1973. University 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially galvanized W.: The Classical Theory ofthe Pinochet regime of thePalgrave, 1984. around opposition to Economic Growth. Basingstoke: 1970s and Eltis, 1980s,Eckstein,time Einleitung. En W. Eckstein, Adamof that Theorie der etischen Gefhle. so as W.: passes, the compelling force Smith, initial motivation Leipzig: Verlag von Felix the Concertacin, and even its component might naturally weaken. In addition, Meiner, 1926. Evensky, J.: Adam Smiths Lost Legacy. En Southern Economic Journal, 67: 497parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided 517, 2001. over social issues, such as Moral Philosophy: A Historical and Contemporarybirth the legal status of divorce and access to Perspective Adam Smiths control. Finally, Markets,2005 Ethics, and the Concertacin will have held the Press, on by the Law, elections, Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house 2005. electedFleischacker, S.: vote) for 16 years. By Judgment and Freedom in Kant and Adam by popular A Third Concept of Liberty: the standards of multiparty Smith. Princeton: less among Latin Americas presidential coalitions anywhere, muchPrinceton University Press, 1999. On Adam Smiths Wealth of Nations: A Philosophical Companion. Princeton: systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous Princeton University Press, 2004. corruption charges against members, including the stripping of Force, P.: Self-Interest before Adam Smith. A Genealogy of Economic Science. parliamentaryCambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and the Friedman, M.: Adam Smiths Relevance for 1976. reins of power for so general disillusionment that goes with holding the En F. R. Glahe (ed.), Adam Smith and the Wealth of Nations. Boulder: Colorado Associated University Press, long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. 1978. Fry, M. (ed.): Adam Smiths Legacy: His Place in the Development of Modern Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed Economics. London: Routledge, 1992. undermine theR.Concertacin, but the Wealth of Nations. Boulder: Colorado Associated we do not regard these factors as Glahe, F. (ed.): Adam Smith and necessarily devastatingPress, 1978. to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. University In the first place, the Chilean economy has come Enlightenment.last five years Griswold, C. L.: Adam Smith and the Virtues of through the Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, of in far better shape than that1998.any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and Haakonssen, K.: The Science of the Legislator: the Natural Jurisprudence of David Hume employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The and Adam Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good (ed.): Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge economic stewardship.Press, 2006. University Next, many of the issues surrounding the nondemocratic legacy ofy the Pinochet era includingthe Works of Adam Smith. Haakonssen, Knud Andrew S. Skinner (eds.): Index to the renowned
Liberty Fund, 2002. Harman, G.: Moral Agent and Impartial Spectator. The 1986 Lindley Lecture, published by the Philosophy Department. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1986. Hayek, F. A.: Adam Smiths Message in Todays Language. En New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics, and the History of Ideas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978. Two Types of Mind. En New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics, and the History of Ideas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978. Herman, A.: How the Scots invented the World. New York: Three River Press, 2001. Hirst, F. W.: Adam Smith. London: Macmillan and Co., 1904. Hollander, S. L.: The Economics of Adam Smith. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1973. Hont, Istvan: Jealousy of Trade: International Competition and the Nation State in Historical Perspective. Harvard Univesity Press, 2005. Hont, I. y M. Ignatieff (eds.): Wealth and Virtue: The Shaping of Political Economy in the Scottish Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Hueckel, G. R.: On the Insurmountable Difficulties, Obscurity, and Embarrassment of Smiths Fifth Chapter. En History of Political Economy, 32: 317-345, 2000.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 22 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in Jones, Peter y Andrew Skinner: Adam Smith Reviewed. Edinburgh University, 1992. government during the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially of Justman, S.: The Autonomous Male of Adam Smith. Norman, OK: University galvanized Oklahomaopposition to the Pinochet regime of the 1970s and around Press, 1993. Larmore, C.: Patterns of Moral Complexity. force of that initial motivationPress, 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling Cambridge: Cambridge University 1987. might naturally weaken. In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component Levy, D. M.: The Partial Spectator in the Wealth of Nations: A Robust Utilitarianism. parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided En European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2: 299-326, 1995. over Adamsuch as Rational Choice Linguistics. En and access to birth 672social issues, Smiths the legal status of divorce Economic Inquiry, 35: control. Finally, 1997. 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have held the 678, by the presidency and a majority in the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house the Adam Smiths Katallactic Model of Gambling: Approbation from elected by Spectator. vote) for 16the History of Economic Thought, 21: 81-92, 1999a. popular En Journal of years. By the standards of multiparty Levy, anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential coalitionsD. M. y S. J. Peart: Sympathy and Approbation in Hume and Smith: A Solution to the Other Rational Species Problem. En Economics and Philosophy, 20: systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous 331-349, 2004. corruption charges Social Philosophy of AdamincludingHague: stripping 1973. Lindgren, J. R.: The against members, Smith. The the M. Nijhoff, of parliamentary L.: Adam Smiths Moral Sentiments as Foundation for his Wealth of the Macfie, A. rights from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and Nations. En that Economic Papers, 2: the reins of general disillusionmentOxford goes with holding 209-228, 1959. power for so Theconclude, in Society: Papers on Adam Smith. London: to expire. and long. One might Individual then, that the coalition is simply ready George Allen Any Unwin Ltd.,forces, or some combination of them, could indeed of these 1967. The Invisible Hand of Jupiter. En Journal of the History of Ideas, 32: 595undermine 599, 1971. the Concertacin, but we do not regard these factors as necessarilyR. L.: Smith, Marx and After: Ten Essays in the number of reasons. devastating to the coalitions survival for a Development of Economic Meek, In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years Thought. London: Chapman and Hall, 1977. Mizuta, H.: Adam Smiths Library. A of its Southern Cone neighbors, Checklist in far better shape than that of any Supplement to Bonars Catalogue with a and of the growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. employment andwhole Library. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967. The Montes, L.: Adam Smith in Context. A Critical Reassessment of some Central Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good Components of His Thought. London: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2004. economic stewardship. Next, many Voices on issues surroundingRoutledge, 2006. Montes, L. y E. Schliesser (eds.): New of the Adam Smith. London: the nondemocratic G. R.: Ethical and Economic Theories including the renowned M. Morrow, legacy of the Pinochet era of Adam Smith. New York: August
Kelly, [1923] 1969. The Significance of the Doctrine of Sympathy in Hume and Adam Smith. En Philosophical Review, 32: 60-78, 1923. Adam Smith: Moralist and Philosopher. En Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 35, N 3, pp. 321-342, 1927. Muller, J. Z.: Adam Smith in His Time and Ours: Designing the Decent Society. New York: The Free Press, 1993. Nussbaum, M. C.: Upheavals of Thought: The Intelligence of Emotions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Hiding From Humanity: Disgust, Shame, and the Law. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. ODonnell, R.: Adam Smiths Theory of Value and Distribution: A Reappraisal. New York: St. Martins Press, 1990. Otteson, J.: Adam Smiths Marketplace of Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pack, S. J.: Capitalism as a Moral System: Adam Smiths Critique of the Free Market Economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1991.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably LEONIDAS MONTES 23 with Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in ODriscoll, G. P. Jr. (ed.): Adam Smith and Modern Political Economy: Bicentennial government during on The WealthMoreover,Ames:coalition itself was Press, 1979. Essays the 1990s. of Nations. the Iowa State University initially galvanized J.: Life of Adam Smith. New the Pinochet M. Kelley, [1895] 1965. and around opposition to York: Augustus regime of the 1970s Rae, 1980s,Raphael,timeD.: Hume and Smith on Justice and that initial motivation of the so as D. passes, the compelling force of Utility. En Proceedings Aristotelian In addition, the Concertacin, and even its component might naturally weaken. Society, 73: 87-103, 1973. Adam Smith. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985. parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided Rashid, S.: The Myth of Adam Smith. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1998. over social issues, such asAbstract of Adam Smiths Theory ofaccess to birth the legal status of divorce and Moral Sentiments. En Raynor, D.: Humes control. Finally, by thethe History of Philosophy, 22: 51-79, 1984. have held the Journal of 2005 elections, the Concertacin will presidency and a majority in Adam Smith Renaissance Anno 1976? The Bicentenary Output. Recktenwald, H. C.: An the Chamber of Deputies (the legislative house A Reappraisal for Scholarship. En Journal of Economic Literature, elected by popular vote) of His16 years. By the standards of multiparty 16: 5683, 1978. coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential Redman, D. A.: The Political Economy as a Science: Methodology and the Classical systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous Economists. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1997. corruption charges against members, including the stripping of Rosenberg, Nathan: Some Institutional Aspects of the Wealth of Nations. En Journal of parliamentaryPolitical from five68: 557-570, 1960. deputies in 2002, and the rights Economy, of the coalitions Adam that on with holding Labour: Two Views for so general disillusionment Smith goesthe Division of the reins of power or One?. En Economica, 32: 127-139, 1965. long. One might conclude, then, that the coalition is simply ready to expire. Adam Smith, Consumer Tastes, and Economic Growth. En Journal of Any of these forces, or some combination of them, could indeed Political Economy, 76: 361-374, 1968. undermine the Adam Smith on Profits-Paradox Lost and Regained. Enfactors as y T. Concertacin, but we do not regard these A. S. Skinner necessarily devastating to the Adam Smith. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1975. Wilson, Essays on coalitions survival for a number of reasons. In the first place, the Chilean economy has come through the last five years Ross, I. S.: The Life of Adam Smith. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995. in far Rothschild, E.: than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and History better shape Adam Smith and Conservative Economics. En Economic Review, Vol. figures rebounded in employment and growth45, N 1, pp. 74-96, 1992. first months of 2003. The Economic Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet, and the Enlightenment. Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001. economic stewardship. Next, many the Economy as a surrounding the En Review of Samuels, W. J.: Adam Smith and of the issues System of Power. nondemocratic legacy of the31: 123-137, 1973. including the renowned Social Economy, Pinochet era
The Political Economy of Adam Smith. En Ethics, 87: 189-207, 1977. Schumpeter, J. A.: History of Economic Anylysis, editado por Elizabeth Boody Schumpeter. New York: Oxford University Press, 1954. Scott, W. R.: Adam Smith as Student and Professor. Glasgow: Jackson, 1937. Sen, A. K.: Adam Smiths Prudence. En S. Lall et al. (eds.), Theory and Reality in Development: Essays in Honour of Paul Streeten. New York: St. Martins Press, 1986. On Ethics and Economics. Oxford: Blackwell, 1987. Skaryski, W. von: Adam Smith als Moralphilosoph und Schoepfer der Nationaloekonomie. Ein Beitrag Zur Geschichte der Nationaloekonomie. Berlin: Theobald Grieben, 1878. Skinner, A. S.: Adam Smith and the Role of the State. Glasgow: University of Glasgow Press, 1974. A System of Social Science: Papers relating to Adam Smith. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Skinner, A. S. y T. Wilson (eds.): Essays on Adam Smith. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975. The Market and the State: Essays in Honor of Adam Smith. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976.

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impossible to assign responsibility among them. We share the opinion that the Concertacin may well dissolve before Chiles next election, but not for the reasons commonly cited. Our argument is based, instead, on the structure of Chilean political careers, which in turn is connected inextricably ESTUDIOS PBLICOS with 24 Chiles unusual electoral rules. Harbingers of the Concertacins demise point out that the Chilean economy has slowed somewhat since the coalitions early years in Smith, V.: The Two Faces of Adam Smith. En Southern Journal of Economics, 65: 2government20, 1998. the 1990s. Moreover, the coalition itself was initially during galvanized G. J.: Essays in the Historythe Economics. Chicago: The the 1970sofand around opposition to of Pinochet regime of University Chicago Stigler, Press, 1965. 1980s, so as time passes, the compelling force of that initial motivation Smiths Travels on the Ship Concertacin, andSkinner y component might naturally weaken. In addition, the of State. En A. S. even its T. Wilson (eds.), Essays on Adam Smith. Clarendon Press, 1975. parties most notably the Christian Democrats are internally divided Teichgraeber III, R. F.: Free Trade and Moral Philosophy: Rethinking the Sources of over social Adam Smiths Wealth of legal status of divorce and access to birth issues, such as the Nations. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1986. control. Finally, byAbused than I Had Reason to Expect: The Reception ofheldWealth of Less the 2005 elections, the Concertacin will have the the presidency and a majority in En The Historical Journal, Vol. 30:legislative house Nations in Britain. the Chamber of Deputies (the 337-366, 1987. Tribe, popular Smith: Critical years. By the standards of multiparty elected byK.: Adam vote) for 16 Theorist?. En Journal of Economic Literature, 37: 609-632, 1999. coalitions anywhere, much less among Latin Americas presidential Tugendhat, E.: Vorlesung ber Ethik. Frankfurth/M: Suhrkamp, 1997. systems, the Concertacin is geriatric, bearing the scars of miscellaneous Universally Approved Intersubjective Attitudes: Adam Smith (traducido al corruptioningls por Bernard Schriebl). En Adam including the stripping of charges against members, Smith Review, Vol. 1: 88-104, 2006. parliamentary rightsSmith and Laissez Faire. En Journal of Political Economy, the 198Viner, J.: Adam from five of the coalitions deputies in 2002, and 35: 232, 1927. general disillusionment that goes with holding the reins of power for so The Role of then, that the coalition is Order. Philadelphia: American long. One might conclude, Providence in the Social simply ready to expire. Any Philosophical Society, 1972. combination of them, could indeed of these forces, or some Essays on the Intellectual History of Economics, edited by Douglas Irwin. undermine Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. regard these factors as the Concertacin, but we do not necessarily devastating to the coalitions survival for a number of reasons. Vivenza, G.: Adam Smith and the Classics: The Classical Heritage in Adam Smiths In the first place, the Chilean economy has Press, 2001. Thought. Oxford: Oxford University come through the last five years Winch, D.: Adam Smiths Politics: An Essay in Historiographic Revision. Cambridge: in far better shape than that of any of its Southern Cone neighbors, and Cambridge University Press, 1978. employment and growth figures rebounded in first months of 2003. The Scottish Moral Philosopher as Political Economist. En Historical Journal, Concertacin may well be in a position in 2005 to claim credit for good 35: 91-113, 1995. economic stewardship. Poverty: many of the History of Political Economy non Riches and Next, An Intellectual issues surrounding the in Britain, democratic1750-1834. Cambridge: Cambridgeera including the renowned legacy of the Pinochet University Press, 1996.
Wood, J. C. (ed.): Adam Smith: Critical Assessments, 4 volumes. London: Routledge, 1983-1984. Adam Smith: Critical Assessments, volumes 5-7. London: Routledge, 1994. Young, J. T.: Economics as a Moral Science: The Political Economy of Adam Smith. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1997.