Transmission

Huawei
OptiX RTN 600 Operation and Maintenance Training
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei technologies Co., Ltd
Trademarks
HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, ViewPoint, Intess, ETS, DMC, TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800, TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN, HUAWEI Optix, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, Optix, SoftX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye, Lansway, SmartAX are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice, every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
TABLE OF CONTENT
OptiX RTN 600 Equipment System Description .1 OptiX RTN 600 Series Installation..43 OptiX RTN 600 V100R003 Networking and Protection.68 OptiX RTN 600 Equipment Commissioning 86 OptiX RTN 600 Data Configuration...113 OptiX RTN 600 Alarm and Performance Event .....140 OptiX RTN 600 Routine Maintenance ..153 OptiX RTN 600 Troubleshooting165
OptiX RTN 600 System Description

www.huawei.com
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword
The OptiX RTN 600 radio transmission system is a split-mount digital microwave transmission system developed by Huawei The maximum microwave transmission capacity are 2 STM-1s. The OptiX RTN 600 provides various service interfaces and features flexible configuration and easy installation. The OptiX RTN 600 can construct a radio transmission network that serves as backhaul links for mobile communication networks or private networks. The OptiX RTN 600 can also construct a hybrid network that is used to transmit SDH, PDH, and Ethernet services together with the OptiX series optical transmission products of Huawei.
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the main characteristics of OptiX RTN 600. Describe the system structure, functions and application of every units. List all the protection modes which supported by OptiX RTN 600. Configure the OptiX RTN 600 equipment for all types of the network application. Explain the functions of AM and Hybrid Microwave
Contents
1. Equipment System 2. Equipment Protection 3. Networking Application
Contents
1. Equipment Overview
1.1 Equipment Components
IDU ODU Antenna Intermediate Frequency (IF) Cable Hybrid coupler
1.2 Equipment Characteristics
Equipment Components
Antenna Hybrid coupler
IF cable
ODU Pole IDU
IDU
OptiX RTN 600: IDU 610 is 1U height and supports one 1+0 microwave direction. OptiX RTN 600: IDU 620 is 2U height and supports maximum four 1+0 microwave directions or two groups of 1+1 microwave directions and Hybrid Microwave.
IDU 610
IDU 620
IDU (Cont.)
OptiX RTN 600: IDU 605 is 1U height and supports one 1+0 or one 1+1 microwave direction. It consists 5 models
IDU 605 1A: providing 5 E1s IDU 605 1B: providing 16 E1s IDU 605 2B: providing 16 E1s and 11 microwave protection
IDU 605 1F: providing 16 E1s and 3xFE+1xGE/FE IDU605 2F: providing 16 E1s 3xFE+1xGE/FE and 11 microwave protection
IDU 605 1A
IDU 605 1B
IDU 605 2B
IDU Structure (IDU 610)

IDU 610 is 1U high and adopts the nature heat dissipation mode. Support 1+0 configuration.
Line board and tributary board
IF board
EXT PXC
slot3 slot1
EXT SCC
slot4 slot2
Note: The slot numbering rule is from bottom to up and left to right.
IDU Structure (IDU 620)

IDU 620 is 2U high and dissipates heat through wind cooling. Support a maximum of 4+0 configuration or two groups of 1+1 configuration.
EXT slot 20 EXT PXC PXC
slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1
EXT EXT EXT SCC
The slot numbering rule is the same as IDU 610 .
IDU Board -- IF Board IF1A
IF cable interface
ODU power supply switch
Indicators
IDU Board -- IF Board IFX

IFX only supports STM-1 service, support the XPIC function
IF cable interface
Input/output ports of XPIC compensation signal
ODU power switch
Indicators
IDU Board -- IF Board IFH2

IFH2 supports hybrid microwave and AM
IF cable interface
GE interface
Indicators
ODU power switch
IF Board -- Types
IF1A/B IF0A/B
Supporting PDH and SDH Used for IDU 610 and IDU 620
IFX
Supporting PDH only

Used for IDU 620 to IF1B interconnecting with IDU 605 IFH2A/B
Supporting SDH only Providing XPIC function

Used for IDU 620 only
Providing hybrid microwave function (E1+Ethernet)

Used for IDU 620 only
IF Board -- Board Installation

Recommended installation sequence for IF boards Paired Slots EXT PXC slot3 slot1 IDU 610 EXT slot EXT 20 PXC Paired Slots PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 IDU 620 EXT EXT EXT SCC slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2 EXT SCC slot4 slot2
IF Board -- IF Performance
The modulation mode and capacity supported by IF1A and IF1B.
Items Performance STM-1 128QAM 27.5 / 28 b 4 E1 8 E1 16 E1 QPS 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM Modulation K Chan. 27.5/ 13.75 13.75 spacing 7 3.5 7 /14 a /14 a 28 b MHz Items Performance E3 22E1 26E1 32E1 35 E1 44 E1 53 E1
Modulation QPSK 16 QAM 32 QAM 64 QAM 128 QAM 16 QAM 32 QAM 64 QAM Chan. spacing MHz 28 14 14 14 14 28 28 28
IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

The modulation mode and capacity supported by IF0A and IF0B.
Performance 16 E1 Modulation Channel Spacing (MHz) QPSK 28(27.5) 10 E1 QPSK 14(13.75) 5 E1 QPSK 7 2 E1 QPSK 3.5
Items

The modulation mode and capacity supported by IFH2.
Maximum E1 Service Capacity Service (Mbit/s) Capacity 10 20 25 32 38 44 4 9 12 16 18 21
Channel Spacing (MHz) 7 7 7 7 7 7
Modulation Scheme QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

Channel Spacing (MHz) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) Modulation Scheme QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM Maximum E1 Service Capacity Service (Mbit/s) Capacity 20 42 51 66 78 90 9 20 24 32 37 43

Channel Spacing (MHz) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) Modulation Scheme QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM Service Capacity (Mbit/s) 42 84 105 133 158 183 Maximum E1 Service Capacity 20 40 50 64 75 75
10

Channel Spacing (MHz) 56 56 56 56 56 56 40 Modulation Scheme QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM 64QAM Service Capacity Maximum E1 Service (Mbit/s) Capacity 84 40 168 208 265 313 363 75 75 75 75 75 75
IFX Typical Configuration

One NE configuration
Waveguide or RF cable
Signal compensation cable
11
IFX Typical Configuration (Cont.)

Dual NEs configuration
Waveguide or RF cable Signal compensation cable
IDU Board -- Tributary Board PH1
Indicator
1-8 channel E1 DB44 interfaces
9-16 channel E1 DB44 interfaces
12
Tributary Board -- Types

PD1A/B
32-channel E1 interfaces 75/120 ohm
PH1A/B
16-channel E1 interfaces 75/120 ohm
PO1A/B
8-channel E1 interfaces 75/120 omh
PL3
3-channel E3/DS3 interfaces 75 ohm
The interface resistance of PD1/PH1/PO1 boards are set through the jumpers: If there is a jumper, the resistance is 75 ohm. If there is no jumper, the resistance is 120 ohm.
4 or 8 groups of jumpers determine the resistance.
Front panel
Tributary Board -- Board installation

Recommended installation sequence for TU boards EXT PXC slot3 slot1 IDU 610 EXT slot EXT 20 PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 IDU 620 EXT EXT EXT SCC slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2 EXT SCC slot4 slot2
13
IDU Board -- Line Board SD1/SDE

LC optical interface
SMB electrical interface
Line Board -- Types

SD1 Dual-port STM-1 optical interface SL1 Single- port STM-1 optical interface
Ie-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 interface interface interface interface
Ie-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 interface interface interface interface
SDE dual-port STM-1 electrical interface
SLE Single-port STM-1 electrical interface
14
Line Board -- Interface Parameters

Item Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) Application code Optical fiber type Transmission distance (km) Working wavelength (nm) Average transmit optical power (dBm) Minimum sensitivity (dBm) Minimum overload (dBm) Minimum extinction ratio (dB) Ie-1 Multimode fiber 0.5 S-1.1 G.652 15 Performance 155520 L-1.1 G.652 40 1263-1360 5~0 -34 -10 10 L-1.2 G.652 80/100 1480-1580 5~0 -34 -10 10
1260-1360 1261-1360 19~ 14 -23 -14 8.2 15~8 -28 -8 8.2
Line Board -- Board installation

Recommended installation sequence for LU boards EXT PXC slot3 slot1 IDU 610 EXT slot EXT 20 PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 IDU 620 EXT EXT EXT SCC slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2 EXT SCC slot4 slot2
15
IDU Board -- Ethernet Board

EFT4 is the transparent Ethernet service board, processing 4 FE services EMS6 is the Ethernet layer 2 processing board, processing 4 FE and 2 GE services.
RJ45
RJ45 & LC
IDU Board -- Ethernet Board EFT4

EFT4 is a Ethernet transparently transmission board. It receives, transmits and processes four-channel Ethernet signals.
Recommended installation sequence for EFT4 boards EXT PXC slot3 slot1 IDU 610 EXT slot EXT 20 PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 IDU 620
EXT SCC
slot4 slot2
EXT EXT EXT SCC
16
Ethernet Board -- EFT4

Ethernet Service Signal Processing
Multiple working mode for port, JUMBO frame, flow control
Encapsulation and Mapping of Ethernet Service Signals

Multiple encapsulation protocols, 2 VC4 uplink, 4 internal ports, VC12 and VC3 level virtual concatenation, LCAS
Maintenance features
Loopback at different layer, GFP testing frame, reset
EMS6 -- Board installation

EMS6 can only be installed in IDU 620
Recommended installation sequence for EFT4 boards
EXT slot EXT 20 PXC PXC
slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 IDU 620
EXT EXT EXT SCC
17
Ethernet Board -- EMS6

Ethernet Service Signal Processing
Multiple working mode for FE and GE ports, JUMBO frame, flow control
Encapsulation and Mapping of Ethernet Service Signals

Multiple encapsulation protocols, 2 VC4 uplink, 8 internal ports, VC12 and VC3 level virtual concatenation, LCAS
Maintenance features
Loopback at different layer, GFP testing frame, reset
EMS6 Typical Configuration

E1 EMS6 FE PO1 PO1 E1 EMS6 FE
FE GE
PXC
PXC
FE GE
GE IFH2
ODU
ODU IFH2
GE
Cable Connection Signal Flow
18
Power Cross-Connection Clock Board -- PXC
Power input interface
IDU Power switch
External clock/ Wayside interface
Indicator
PXC -- Board Installation

EXT PXC slot3 slot1 IDU 610 EXT slot 20 PXC PXC EXT slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 IDU 620 EXT EXT EXT SCC slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2 EXT SCC slot4 slot2
19
IDU Board -- SCC
Flash memory
Indicators NM interface NM serial port Reset button Order wire Asynchronous data and Boolean interface
Indicator test button
NM cascaded interface
SCC Board -- Board Installation

EXT PXC slot3 slot1
IDU 610
EXT SCC
slot4 slot2
EXT slot 20 EXT PXC PXC

IDU 620
EXT EXT EXT SCC
20
IF Cable
Three types of IF cable in OptiX RTN 600:
IF jumper: connection between IDU and other IF cable. 1/2 inch and RG-8U cable: connection between ODU and IF jumper.
RG-8U cable is used for the distance less than 180 meter. 1/2 inch cable is used for the distance between 180m and 300m.
IF jumper
IF cable
ODU
Outdoor unit (ODU) realizes the mutual conversion between IF analog signal and RF signal. ODU is irrelevant to the microwave transmission capacity. An ODU in OptiX RTN 600 can support capacity from 4 E1s to one STM-1.
21
ODU -- Interface
Grounding double-screw bolt RSSI test interface IF interface
Antenna port
Dimension: < 260 mm X 260 mm X 92 mm (width X height X depth) Weight: < 5 kg Power consumption: < 40W
ODU -- Types
OptiX RTN 600 provides full frequency coverage and multiple ODU, it consists SP,HP and LP series for different conditions.
Description Items SP series Freq. band Service Modulation
Output power
6/7/8/11/13/15/1 8/23/26/38
HP series
/26/32/38
LP series
8/23 PDH QPSK/16QA M normal
7/8/11/13/15/18/23 7/8/11/13/15/1
SDH / PDH QPSK/16QAN/32QAM/64QAM/128Q AM/256QAM Standard High
22
Relation Between ODU and IDU

IDU IDU 605 IDU 610 IDU 620 IF board Fix (IF0) IF1A/IF1B IF1A/IF1B IF0 IFX/IFH2 Correspondin g ODU LP/SP SP SP/HP LP/SP SP/HP LP first. IDU 610 only use SP, for the natural dissipation -IF0 interconnecting with IDU 605, choose LP first. -Remark
ODU -- Freq. Performance

ODU covers from 6G to 38G frequency bands by 3 series, the frequency parameters of LP series is:
Freq.
7GHz 8GHz 11GHz 13GHz 15GHz 18GHz 23GHz
Freq. range (GHz) T/R spacing in one channelMHz

7.0937.897 7.7188.497 10.67511.745 12.75013.250 14.40015.358 17.68519.710 21.20023.618 154160161168196245 119126151.614208266311.32 490500530 266 315420475490640644728 100810101092.51560 100812001232
23
ODU -- Freq. Performance (Cont.)

The frequency parameters of SP series is:
Freq.
6GHz 7GHz 8GHz 11GHz 13GHz 15GHz 18GHz 23GHz 26GHz 38GHz
Freq. range (GHz)

5.8506.425L6 6.4257.125U6 7.0937.897 7.7318.497 10.67511.745 12.75113.248 14.40015.358 17.68519.710 21.20023.618 24.25026.453 37.04440.105
T/R spacing in one channel (MHz)

252.04300L6 340U6 154160161168196245 119126151.614208266311.32 490500530 266 315420475490640644728 100810101560 100812001232 8001008 7001260
ODU -- Freq. Performance (Cont.)

The frequency parameters of HP series is:
Freq.
7GHz 8GHz 11GHz 13GHz 15GHz 18GHz 23GHz 26GHz 32GHz 38GHz Freq. range (GHz) 7.0937.897 7.7318.497 10.67511.745 12.75113.248 14.40015.358 17.68519.710 21.20023.618 24.25026.453 31.81533.383 37.04440.105
T/R spacing in one channel (MHz)

154160161168196245 119126151.614208266311.32 490500530 266 315420475490640644728 100810101560 100812001232 8001008 812 7001260
24
ODU -- Power Performance

Item
2E1 5E1
Typical value of receiver sensitivity (dBm)

10E1
QPSK 88 88 88 87.5 87.5 87.5 87.5 87 86.5 NA 85
16E1
QPSK 85.5 85.5 85.5 85 85 85 85 84.5 84 NA 82.5
4E1
QPS K 91.5 91.5 91.5 91.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 90.5 90 89 88.5 16QAM -87.5 -87.5 -87.5 -87 -87 -87 -87 -86.5 -86 NA -84.5
8E1
QPSK -88.5 -88.5 -88.5 -88 -88 -88 -88 -87.5 -87 -86 -85.5 16QA M -84.5 -84.5 -84.5 -84 -84 -84 -84 -83.5 -83 -82 -81.5
16E1
QPS K -85.5 -85.5 -85.5 -85 -85 -85 -85 -84.5 -84 -83 -82.5 16QAM -81.5 -81.5 -81.5 -81 -81 -81 -81 -80.5 -80 -79 -78.5
Freq. band
6GHz 7GHz 8GHz 11GH z 13GH z 15GH z 18GH z 23GH z 26GH z 32GH z 38GH z
QPSK 94.5 94.5 94.5 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 93.5 93.5 NA 91.5
QPSK 91.0 91.0 91.0 90.5 90.5 90.5 90.5 90.0 90.0 NA 88
ODU -- Power Performance (Cont.)

Item
22E1
Typical value of receiver sensitivity (dBm)

26E1
64QAM -73 -73 -73 -72.5 -72.5 -72.5 -72.5 -72 -71.5 -70.5 -70
32E1
128QAM -71 -71 -71 -70.5 -70.5 -70.5 -70.5 -70 -69.5 -68.5 -68
35E1
16QAM -78.5 -78.5 -78.5 -78 -78 -78 -78 -77.5 -77 -76 -75.5
44E1
32QAM -75 -75 -75 -74.5 -74.5 -74.5 -74.5 -74 -73.5 -72.5 -72
53E1
64QAM -70 -70 -70 -69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69 -68.5 -67.5 -67 QPSK -85 -85 -85 -84.5 -84.5 -84.5 -84.5 -84 -83.5 -82.5 -82
E3
16QAM -80.5 -80.5 -80.5 -80 -80 -80 -80 -79.5 -79 -78 -77.5
STM-1
128QAM -69.5 -69.5 -69.5 -69 -69 -69 -69 -68.5 -68 -67 -66.5
Freq. band
6GHz 7GHz 8GHz 11GH z 13GH z 15GH z 18GH z 23GH z 26GH z 32GH z 38GHz
32QAM -78 -78 -78 -77.5 -77.5 -77.5 -77.5 -77 -76.5 -75.5 -75
25

SP series ODU Item
QPSK
6G 7G 8G
26 24 23 25. 5 21 15 25. 5 21 15
11 G
24.5 20 14
13 G
24.5 20 14
15 G
24.5 20 14
18 G
24 20 14
23 G
22.5 19 13
26 G
22 18 12
38 G
20.5 16 10
Max. output (dBm) Min. outout Overloa d Stability
16/32QAM 64/128QA M
-4 dBm 20 dBm 23 dBm64/128QAM 5 ppm
[Note]: If the transmitting power exceeds the maximum level ,the Bite Error will be generated in the service.

Item
Max. output (dBm) Overloa d Stability
QPSK 16/32QAM 64/128QA M
HP series ODU
7G
30 26 24
8G 11G 13G 15G

30 26 24 28 26 21 26 23 18 26 23 18
18 G 25.5
22 17
23G 26G 32G

25 22 17 25 22 17 23 21 16
38 G 23
20 16
20 dBm 23 dBm64/128QAM 5 ppm
26

Item
Max. output (dBm) Min. outout Overloa d Stability
QPSK 16QAM
LP series ODU
7G
27 21
8G
27 21
11G
25 19
13G
25 19
15G
23.5 17.5
18G
23.5 17.5
23G
23 17
0 dBm 20 dBm 5 ppm
ODU Product Label

The ODU parameters and types can be get from the ODU label
: Freq. band : ODU type

: Freq. band S-SDH/PDH, P-PDH T/R spacing (MHz) Sub-freq. band P- high site, Nlow site S-Standard power, Hhigh power
: Transmit freq. band (MHz) : T/R spacing (MHz) : Hi-high site, Lo- low site
27
Hybrid Coupler
When two ODUs share one antenna, the ODUs must be connected to an RF signal coupler/ splitter (hybrid coupler). Then, the hybrid coupler is connected to the antenna.
Hybrid coupler Main Performance

Item
Flatness (dB) Loss (dB) 0.5 3.30.33dB balance coupler 1.7 (6dB un-balance waveguide interface) 1.9 (6dB un-balance coaxial interface) 3.30.3 (3dB balance coupler) 6.50.6 (6dB un-balance coupler) 20 1.2 < 220 mm x 334 mm x 252 mm (waveguide interfaces) < 100 mm x 300 mm x 120 mm (coaxial interfaces) <5
Performance
Degree of coupling (dB) Isolation (dB) Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) Dimension (width x depth x height) Weight (kg)
28
Hybrid coupler -- Product Label

The hybrid coupler parameters and types can be get from its label
: Type : Freq. band : B-balance U-unbalance : 03-coupling 3dB 06-coupling 6d : antenna interface: c-round waveguide, R-rectangular waveguide, F-flange : ODU interface c-round waveguide, R-rectangular waveguide, N: type-N, female
: working freq. range (MHz) : coupling (dB) between the primary branch and the secondary branch.
Antenna
The antenna implements the directional transmission and reception of RF signals. The main parameters are frequency band, diameter and antenna gain.
29
Antenna -- Main Performance

Type Frequency Band (GHz) 17.7 19.7 21.2 23.6 24.25 26.5 31.8 33.4 Gain, Top Band 39.1 dBi 41.0 dBi 41.8 dBi 44.0 dBi Gain, Mid Band 38.7 dBi 40.4 dBi 41.2 dBi 43.7 dBi Gain, Low Band 38.3 dBi 39.8 dBi 40.8 dBi 43.4 dBi Front-toBack Ratio XPD Beamwidth, Vertical VSWR Return Loss
VHLP 2-18RR1 VHLP 2-23RR1 VHLP 2-26RR1 VHLP 2-32RR1
67 dB
2.1
66 dB 30 dB 68 dB
1.7 1.3 1.5 17.7 dB
61 dB
1.0

Type Frequency Band (GHz) Gain, Top Band 42.7 dBi Gain, Mid Band 42.2 dBi Gain, Mid Band 44.7 dBi Gain, Low Band 41.8 dBi Gain, Low Band 44.2 dBi Front-toBack Ratio XPD Beamwidth, Vertical VSWR Return Loss
VHLP 2-38RR1 Type 37.0 - 40.0
68 dB
30 dB
1.3
1.3
17.7 dB
Gain, Frequency Top Band (GHz) Band 17.7 19.7 45.1 dBi
Front-toBack Ratio
XPD
Beamwidth, Vertical
VSWR
Return Loss
VHLP 4-18RR1A VHLP 4-23RR1A VHLP 4-26RR1A 21.2 23.6
72 dB
0.9
47.0 dBi
46.7 dBi
46.0 dBi
74dB
30 dB
0.8
1.3
17.7 dB
24.25 26.5
47.8 dBi
47.4 dBi
47.0 dBi
75 dB
0.6
30

VHLP 4-7WRC1A VHLP 4-11RR1A VHLP 4-13RR1A VHLP 4-15RR1A
63 dB
32 dB
2.2
67 dB
1.5 1.3 17.7 dB
68 dB
30 dB
1.3
71 dB
1.2

Type Frequency Gain, Gain, Mid Band 37.3 dBi 40.4 dBi 42.0 dBi 42.9 dBi Gain, Low Band 36.8 dBi 40.0 dBi 41.9 dBi 42.7 dBi Top Band (GHz) Band 7.125 8.5 10.7 11.7 12.7 13.25 14.25 15.35 37.7 dBi 40.8 dBi 42.1 dBi 43.1 dBi Front-toBack Ratio XPD Beamwidth, Vertical VSWR Return Loss
63 dB
32 dB
2.2
67 dB
1.5 1.3 17.7 dB
68 dB
30 dB
1.3
71 dB
1.2
31

67 dB
32 dB
1.5
70 dB
1.1 1.3 17.7 dB
72 dB
30 dB
0.9
74 dB
0.8

Type Frequency Gain, Gain, Mid Band 47.8 dBi 49.4 dBi Gain, Low Band 47.0 dBi 48.9 dBi Top Band (GHz) Band 17.7 19.7 21.2 23.6 48.4 dBi 49.9 dBi Front-toBack Ratio XPD Beamwidth, Vertical VSWR Return Loss
VHLP 6-18RR1A VHLP 6-23RR1A
76 dB 30 dB 79 dB
0.7 1.3 0.5 17.7 dB
32
Equipment Characteristics
PDH/SDH integrated microwave transmission system. The modulation mode and link capacity are set by software. Microwave link supports the SNCP. Built-in ADM provides flexible service add/drop function. Providing the clock tracing, XPIC, MW N+1, REG and RMSP functions. Synchronous data interface and Orderwire spanning (for Ver. C SCC) Supporting removable FLASH card. Supporting AM and Hybrid Microwave
Equipment Characteristics (Cont.)

AM Function Based on the Hybrid Microwave
256QAM QPSK 16QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM Channel Capability E1 Services Ethernet Services
33
Questions
What are the components of OptiX RTN 600? What are the functions of them? What about the connection relation among the components?
What are the characteristics of OptiX RTN 600 digital microwave equipment?
Contents
34
Service and Equipment Protection

The service protection and equipment protection schemes provided by the OptiX RTN 600 are as follows:
1+1 hot standby (HSB) Microwave 1+1 space diversity (SD) Microwave 1+1 frequency diversity (FD) Reverse Switch Sub-network connection protection (SNCP) Cross-connect and clock unit (PXC) active/standby protection
1+1 Space Diversity (1+1 SD)
35
1+1 Frequency Diversity (1+1 FD)

f1
f3
Space Frequency Diversity (1+1 FD+SD)

f1
H
f3
36
Summary
Protection Scheme characters Service Interruption Switching Point
1+1 HSB
0ne antenna. No paired slots limitation. Two ODUs with same frequency band. One ODU is mute. Two antennas. Paired slot limited. Two ODUs with same frequency band. One ODU is mute. One/two antennas. Paired slot limited. Two ODUs with different frequency bands. Two ODUs both work.
It causes the service interruption.
Crossconnect unit
1+1 SD
The services are not interrupted.
IF unit
1+1 FD
IF unit
Contents
37
Microwave Station Type

Classified by Station Type
Terminal station: one microwave direction with service add and drop. Relay station: two microwave direction without service add and drop. Pivotal station: two or above two microwave directions with service add and drop.
Classified by Frequency in Communication

High station: transmit frequency is higher than the receive frequency. Low station: transmit frequency is lower than the receive frequency.
Microwave Station Type (cont.)
Relay station Terminal station Pivotal station Terminal station f1 High station
Relay station
Terminal station
f 1 f 1
f1 f 1 < f 1
Low station
High station
38
Microwave Station Type (cont.)

Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Terminal Station
SL1 PXC slot3 slot1 IF1A SCC slot4 slot2 slot 20 IF1A IF1A PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 slot8 slot6 PH1 slot4 SCC slot2
Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Relay Station

SLE PXC
Cable
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2 slot 20 IF1A IF1A PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2
SLE PXC
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2
SCC
Microwave Network Topology

The following figures show the basic topologies of the microwave network.
Ring Ring network network Chain Chain network network
Star Star network network
Tree Tree network network
39
Applications of OptiX RTN 600 (cont.)

Applications in the Backhaul Network of the Mobile Base Station
Mobile backhaul chain network
Passive relay
Mobile backhaul tree network
Terminal station in the mobile backhaul network

Microwave Access Network
Business center Service center Other client
VIP client
40

Complementary Network to the SDH Ring Network
Radio link
Rad
io l ink
Radio
link

Ring Network Purely Formed by Microwave Equipment
User network User network
User network
Transmission network
User network
User network
Passive relay
User network
41
Summary
In this course, we mainly introduced:
OptiX RTN 600 equipment structure and feature, functions and application for every units. OptiX RTN 600 protection modes and difference among them. Application of OptiX RTN 600 in all kinds of the networks.
Thank you
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42
OptiX RTN 600 Series Installation
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Objectives
Describe the relation among the different parts of OpitX RTN 600 Illustrate the installation procedures and steps of antenna, ODU/hybrid coupler and IDU Implement the out door and indoor components installation of OptiX RTN 600 Describe the installation criterions for each part of OptiX RTN 600
43
Contents
1. OptiX RTN 600 Series Hardware Structure 2. Installation Preparation 3. Antenna Installation 4. ODU/Hybrid Coupler and Related Cable Installation 5. IDU and Related Cable Installation
System Hardware Structure

Hybrid Coupler ODU Antenna
IF Cable
IDU
44
Antennas
ODU and Hybrid Coupler

Grounding double-screw bolt RSSI test interface IF interface
Antenna port
Waveguide-to-coaxial converter
45
IDU
IDU 605 1A IDU 610 IF interface IDU 605 1B
IDU 620
IDU 605 2B
Contents
46
Preparation (Cont.)
Tools
Category
Common Measuring tools Drilling Fixing Bench Hoisting Auxiliary Special tools Instruments
Description
50-m tape, 5-m measuring tape, 400-mm level meter, marker Percussion drill, accessory drill bits, vacuum cleaner Cross tip screwdriver, flat-tip screwdriver, adjustable wrench (10', 12', 17', 19', 24', one for each), socket wrench Sharp-nose pliers, electrical knife 100-m hoisting rope, 100-m stretching rope, pulley Brush, tweezers, paper knife, hand bellows, electric iron, tin wire, crowbar ESD gloves, wire punch tool, telescope, socket-head wrench Multi-meter, GPS, north-stabilized indicator
Preparation (Cont.)
Tools
47
Preparation (Cont.)
Checking Installation Conditions
Installation Conditions of the IDU Installation Conditions of the Antenna/ODU/Hybrid coupler Lightning-Proof and Grounding System Power System
Contents
48
Before Hoisting the Antenna

Check the height and the position of the antenna, it should comply with the design document Determine the azimuth of the antenna by compass, GPS or telescope Verify the type and polarization of the antenna Adjust the polarization type of the antenna if necessary
Before Hoisting the Antenna (Cont.)

Install the anti-fall bracket
49
Installing the Antenna

Spread anti-seize grease on the bolts and remove the hoisting rings
side strut
Antenna Installation Criteria

1 2 3 Installation height and position and polarization are right. Fixation and side strut and well. Antenna identifier is clear.
50
Contents
Contents
4. ODU/Hybrid Coupler and Related Cable Installation
4.1 One ODU for one Antenna 4.2 Two ODUs for one Antenna 4.3 ODU related cable installation 4.4 ODU Parts Installation Criteria
51
One ODU for Single-Polarized Antenna

There are two types of installation, direct or separate mounting.
Direct Mount Installation

For ODU direct mount on the antenna
52
Separate Mount Installation

Components for ODU mount on the antenna by waveguide or coaxial cable
Separate Mount by Waveguide (Cont.)

Install the ODU onto the ODU adapter.
The ODU adapter provides the same feed boom port as the antenna. Installing the ODU onto the ODU adapter is similar to installing the ODU onto the antenna.
53
Separate Mount by Coaxial Cable

Install the ODU onto the pole, and install the Waveguide-to-
coaxial converter onto antenna feeder boom,
Two ODUs for Dual-Polarized Antenna

Install two ODUs onto dual-polarized antenna.
54
Contents

Install the hybrid coupler
Use four latches and four bolts to mount it on the antenna. Before mounting, check the polarization of the hybrid coupler, if not the same as the polarization on antenna, adjusting it.
55
Direct Mount Installation (Cont.)

Install the hybrid coupler
lubricant
anti-seize grease

Install the ODU on the hybrid coupler
lubricant
56
Separate Mount by Coaxial Cable

Install the two ODUs on a Pole, and install the coaxial interface coupler onto the antenna, then connect ODUs to coupler by coaxial cables.
Contents
57
ODU Grounding Cable Installation

One end of the protection grounding cable of the ODU is connected to the grounding stud of the ODU, and the other end is connected to a grounding point.
Lightning Arrestor Installation

The end of the lightning arrestor identified as "Protector" is connected to the IF port on the ODU, and the other matching end identified as "Surge" is connected to the IF cable. type-N adapter
or
58
IF Cable Installation
Make the N type connector on the IF cable
1 4 5 6
2 3
IF Cable Installation (Cont.)

Hoist the IF cable with the end which connecting to ODU, connect the IF cable to ODUs IF cable port or lighting arrester tightly. Make good waterproof curve.
59

Grounding the IF cable
Determine the grounding point depending on the IF cable length and ODU installation mode.

Grounding the IF cable (cont.)
The IF cable is grounded using cable grounding clips.
60

Waterproof of the outdoor connectors
Contents
61
ODU Parts Installation Criteria

1
The latches of the ODU and hybrid coupler should tightly engage on the antenna. The screws should be fastened tight. The IF connector of ODU should be waterproofed and face downward. The ODU grounding cable should be shortest length as possible and attached to the tower body by the cable clips.
ODU Parts Installation Criteria (Cont.)

4 5 6 the IF cable should be grounded to a minimum of three points. All of outdoor connector should be waterproofed. Leave enough slack when connecting cables to the ODU
62
ODU Parts Installation Criteria (Cont.)

7 8 Leave enough slack when connecting cables The IF cable route and position for the cabling should be designed beforehand and arranged neatly. IF cable turns should be smooth, and the bending radius should be larger than 30 cm.
Contents
63
Installing the IDU in a Cabinet

Mounting ears
19 inch
Installing the IDU in a Cabinet (Cont.)

Install the captive nut, grounding cable and IDU.
64
Installing the IDU on the Wall

The mounting ears are the same as used to install in the cabinet.
Installing the Cables

Install the power cable, IF jumper cable.
65
Installing the Cables (Cont.)

Install the XPIC cable, service cable.
Ethernet cable
Coaxial cable
Optical fiber
Installing the Cables (Cont.)

Install the E1 cable.
66
Summary
OptiX RTN 600 hardware installation
Antenna installation ODU and related cables installation IDU and related cables installation
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67
OptiX RTN 600 Networking and Protection

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Objectives
List the common network types of OptiX RTN 600 Describe the network application of the OptiX RTN 600 List the network and equipment protection schemes supported by the OptiX RTN 600. Describe the configuration requirements of all types of protection mode in OptiX RTN 600
68
Contents
1. Network Application and Networking Modes of the OptiX RTN 600 2. Service Protection and Equipment Protection Schemes of the OptiX RTN 600
Network Location
Access
Aggregation Core Transport Network
BTS Node B+BTS BTS
Optical
Node B
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Microwave Network Topology

The following figures show the basic topologies of the microwave network.
Ring Ring network network Chain Chain network network
Star Star network network
Tree Tree network network
Microwave Station Type

Classified by Station Type
Terminal station: one microwave direction with service add and drop. Relay station: two microwave direction without service add and drop. Pivotal station: two or above two microwave directions with service add and drop.
Classified by Frequency in Communication

High station or Primary station: transmit frequency is higher than the receive frequency. Low station or Non-primary station: transmit frequency is lower than the receive frequency.
70
Microwave Station Type (Cont.)

Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Terminal Station
IDU 620
IDU 610
SL1 PXC
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2
slot 20
IF1A IF1A PXC PXC
slot8 slot6 PH1 slot4 SCC slot2

The Terminal Stations are used in:
IDU 605/610 IDU 605/610
IDU 605/610
IDU 620
Radio Transmission Network
IDU 620
IDU 605/610/620
IDU 605/610/620
71

Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Relay Station
SLE PXC
Cable
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2 slot 20 IF1A IF1A PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2
SLE PXC
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2
SCC

Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the pivotal Station
IF1A slot 20 IF1A PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 SD1 PH1 SCC slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2
IF1A slot 20 IF1A PXC PXC
IF1A IF1A PH1 SCC
72

The pivotal Stations are used in:
Ring
Applications of OptiX RTN 600

Terminal station in the mobile backhaul network Mobile backhaul chain network Mobile backhaul tree network
Applications in the Access Network and Private Network

Microwave access network Complementary network to the SDH ring network Ring network formed by microwave equipment and SDH equipment Ring network purely formed by microwave equipment
73
Applications of OptiX RTN 600 (Cont.)

Mobile backhaul chain network
Passive relay
Mobile backhaul tree network
Terminal station in the mobile backhaul network

Microwave Access Network
Business center Service center Other client
VIP client
74

Complementary Network to the SDH Ring Network
Radio link
Rad
io l ink
Radio
link
Applications of OptiX RTN 600
(Cont.)
Ring Network Formed by Microwave Equipment and SDH Equipment
User network User network User network
Transmission network
User network
User network User network
User network
75
Questions
How many microwave station types can be configured on the OptiX RTN 600? What are them?
Does an OptiX RTN 600: IDU 610 can be set as relay station? Why?
List out four applications of the OptiX RTN 600 in the transmission network.
Contents
1. Network Application and Networking Modes of the OptiX RTN 600 2. Service Protection and Equipment Protection Schemes of the OptiX RTN 600
76
Service and Equipment Protection

The service protection and equipment protection schemes provided by the OptiX RTN 600 are as follows:
1+1 hot standby (HSB) Microwave 1+1 space diversity (SD) Microwave 1+1 frequency diversity (FD) Microwave N+1 protection Reverse Switch Sub-network connection protection (SNCP) LMSP and RMSP Cross-connect and clock unit (PXC) active/standby protection
1+1 Hot Standby Backup (1+1HSB)

mute Active ODU Active IF Board Cross-connection board Service board
Hybrid coupler Antenna
mut e
Standby ODU
Standby IF Board
77
1+1 Hot Standby Backup (Cont.)
IDU 620 HSB Typical Configuration
IDU 605 2B HSB Typical Configuration
Description of 1+1 HSB

Switch point
Cross-connection board.
Switch condition
Automatic: IF board hardware fault, ODU hardware fault, microwave frame loss, etc. Manual: locking, forced, manual, and clearing
Characteristics
The active/standby unit has no restrictions on the paired slots. The switch actions are implemented by the software and hardware. The service will be interrupted in the case of switch.
78
Description of Hitless Switch (HSM)

Switch point
IF board.
Switch condition
Automatic: microwave frame loss, microwave signal loss, microwave bit error , etc. Manual switch: Force switch, clear.
Characteristics
The Active /standby IF board must be in paired slots. Switch is implemented by hardware. Service has no interruption during switch.
Reverse Switch
Scenario
System fails to detect the hardware faults in transmitting direction
Switch condition
Remote site detected the failure and trigger the HSB or SD switch in local site by RDI.
Characteristics
It is only configured in the case of HSB or SD. Through the service detection, all the hardware faults in the transmitting direction can be protected.
79
Summary
Protection Scheme characters Service Interruption Switching Point
1+1 HSB
0ne antenna. No paired slots limitation. Two ODUs with same frequency band. One ODU is mute. Two antennas. Paired slot limited. Two ODUs with same frequency band. One ODU is mute. One/two antennas. Paired slot limited. Two ODUs with different frequency bands. Two ODUs both work.
It causes the service interruption.
Crossconnect unit
1+1 SD
IF unit
1+1 FD
IF unit
Microwave N+1 Protection

In microwave N+1 protection (N<=3), there is one protection channel and N working channels, the working service are in the corresponding working channels and protection channel may used for extra service. The working service in some certain channel can be switched to the protection channel when the failure happened in the corresponding working channel.
ch1 ch2 ch3 chP Controller
M1 M2 M3
M1 M2 M3
ch1 ch2 ch3 chP controller
RFSOH
80
Microwave N+1 Protection (Cont.)

2+1 typical configuration
Microwave N+1 Protection (Cont.)

The switching point is on PXC board, switching procedure is controlled by SCC. Switching criteria (from high to low priority):
Lockout protection channel Force switching Signal Failure: MW_LOFR_LOCR_LOFR_LOSMS_AIS B2_EXC, hardware failure on ODU or IF boards Signal Degrade (optional): B2_SD Manual switching, restoration, exercise switching
81
Adaptive Modulation
AM Function Based on the Hybrid Microwave
256QAM QPSK 16QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM Channel Capability E1 Services Ethernet Services
Automatic Modulation (Cont.)

AM board connection for 1+1 IF protection
82
SNCP
Services are concurrently sent at NE A. The path that through NE B is the active path. The path that through NE D is the standby path.
In the normal state, NE C selects the services from the active path. In switching state, NE C switch to select the services from the standby path.
Linear Multiplex Section Protection

The Linear Multiplex Section Protection (LMSP) is used for point to point topology to provide the protection between two nodes. IDU 610 supports up to 2 groups of STM-1 optical/electrical LMSP, and IDU 620 supports up to 5 groups of STM-1 optical/ electrical LMSP or 3 groups of STM-1 optical/electrical LMSP plus 1 group of STM-4 LMSP.
83
Ring Multiplex Section Protection

Two fiber Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring:
PXC Active/Standby Protection

In the normal state
al i gn es vic er
Crossconnect and clock unit 1
In the switching state
al i gn es vic er
Service unit
Service signal and clock signal

Se
Clock signal
Service unit
Service signal and clock signal

Se
rvi ce
sig na l
rvi ce
Clock signal
sig na l
84
Relation Between IDU and Protection

IDU 605
SNCP 11 FD 11 SD 1+1 HSB N+1 PXC 1+1 Pow. 1+1 RMSP LMSP Not supporting Supporting (2B module) Supporting (2B module) Supporting (2B module) Not supporting Not supporting supporting Not supporting Not supporting
IDU 620
supporting supporting supporting supporting supporting supporting supporting supporting supporting
IDU 610
supporting Not supporting Not supporting Not supporting Not supporting Not supporting Not supporting Not supporting supporting
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85
OptiX RTN 600 Equipment Commissioning

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Objectives
Finish proper preparations before the commissioning Performing NE commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600 Performing hop commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600
Page 1 Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
86
Contents
1. Preparations for the OptiX RTN 600 Commissioning
1.1 Determining Commissioning Items 1.2 Preparing Related Documents 1.3 Preparing Related Tools 1.4 Checking Commissioning Conditions
Determining Commissioning Items

1. NE Commissioning Items
Commissioning Item Powering on the equipment Testing indicators Accessing the Web LCT Configuring the data Performing the service loopback test Optional/Require d Required Remarks Check fan status after power on if fan is available. Check whether all indicators work normally or not. Recommend to test if instrument available on site.
Required Required Required Optional
87
Determining Commissioning Items (cont.)

1. NE Commissioning Items (cont.)
Commissioning Item Testing E1 cables connections Checking the receive and transmit power of the optical interface Testing the RF transmit power Testing the active/standby crossconnect board switching Optional/Require d Optional Remarks It applies to the station where the E1 service is accessed. It applies to the station where the SDH optical interface service is accessed. Use the Web LCT to query the RF transmit power. It only applies to the equipment configured with the active and standby cross-connect boards.
Optional
Required
Required

2. Hop Commissioning Items
Commissioning Item Aligning the antenna Testing the ECC Testing the orderwire phone Testing all services Optional/ Required Required Required Optional Remarks It is applicable when there is the order wire phone available between stations. Test all service types turned up at the station like the E1, STM-1, and WS.
Required
88

2. Hop Commissioning Items (cont.)
Commissioning Item Testing the clock tracing Testing the IF switching modes Testing the SNCP switching Testing the longterm BER Optional/Required Required Remarks Check and ensure that the clock source can be traced normally. It is applicable when the 1+1 HSB/FD/SD protection is configured. It is applicable when the SNCP is configured. Generally perform the test for 24 hours according to the actual conditions
Required
Required
Required
Preparing Related Documents

Engineering design documents like
OptiX RTN 600 Radio Transmission System Network Planning Document OptiX RTN 600 Radio Transmission System Engineering Design Document
Commissioning guide documents like:

OptiX RTN 600 Radio Transmission System Commissioning Guide OptiX RTN 600 Radio Transmission System Quick Installation and Commissioning Guide
89
Preparing Tools
The tools that are required include the common tools, special tools and instruments. The recommended list is as follows:
Type Common tool Special tool Instrument Description Adjustable wrench, percussion drill, sharp-nose pliers, and electric knife Anti-static glove, ESD-preventive wrist strap, telescope, and intercom Multi-meter, BER tester, and laptop computer (installed with the Web LCT)
Checking NE Commissioning Conditions

The hardware installation complete. The power supply is normal. The cable / fiber installation. Web LCT is available.
90
Checking Hop Commissioning Conditions

The NE commissioning is complete. The weather condition. Safety of the operation at a high altitude.
Contents
1. Preparations for the OptiX RTN 600 Commissioning 2. NE Commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600 3. Hop Commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600
91
Contents
2. NE Commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600
2.1 Powering On the Equipment 2.2 Testing Indicators 2.3 Accessing the Web LCT 2.4 Configuring the Data 2.5 Performing the Service Loopback test 2.6 Testing the Connections of the E1 Cables 2.7 Testing the Transmit and Receive Optical Power 2.8 Testing the RF Transmit Power 2.9 Testing the Active/Standby Cross-Connect Board Switching
Powering On the Equipment

Prerequisites
Hardware installation complete and power is available.
The power supply must be available, and the fuse capacity of the power supply must meet the requirements. Tools and Instruments
Multi-meter
Procedure
Turn off all power switches on equipment. Turn on the input power switch of the cabinet.
92
Powering On the Equipment (cont.)

Test power volt and polarity. Turn on the switch on PXC board. Monitor fan and indicators. Turn on the power of ODU.
Testing Indicators
Prerequisites
After 5 minutes power on
LAMP TEST button
Tools and Instruments

None.
Procedure
Press or release the button on SCC.
93
Accessing the Web LCT

Prerequisites
After power on.
NM interface

Laptop computer installed with Web LCT Cross cable
Procedure
Connect cable. Start Web LCT on laptop computer. Set IP of computer. Set the options of the Internet Explorer (IE).
Configuring the Data

Prerequisites
After Web LCT access.

Web LCT
Procedure
Set the new ID and IP as the planning document request. Configure all the existing boards in equipment. Monitor board indicators again.
94
Checking alarm
Prerequisites
The equipment must be connected to the Web LCT. Data configuration must be complete.
Tools, Instruments, and Materials

Web LCT
Procedure
Select an NE from the Object Tree in the NE Explorer, and then click in the toolbar. Select Auto Refresh. Check the displayed alarm information.
Testing Transmit and Receive Optical Power

Prerequisites
Fiber connection is available. Boards are configured

Web LCT or optical power meter
Procedure
Disable automatic laser shutdown (ALS) function. Check the transmit and receive optical power by Web LCT or optical power meter. Judge the power value is normal or not.
95
Performing the Service Loopback Test

Prerequisites
NE is configured and running normally.

Web LCT, BER tester or SDH analyzer
Procedure
Configure the service to the boards and connect instrument well. Set hardware or software loopback and monitor service at least 5 minutes.
Testing E1 Cable Connections

Prerequisites
Service and cable connection available.

Web LCT and BER tester
Procedure
Connect tester and set the outloop. Release outloop, AIS alarm should occur. All the ports can be test together.
96
Testing the RF Transmit Power

Prerequisites
NE configuration is complete. The ATPC function must be disabled.

Web LCT
Procedure
Set the transmitting power value for ODU. Query the actual output power value of ODU. Compare the difference of the above power values.
Testing Active/Standby Crossconnect Switching

Prerequisites
Service be configured. The active and standby cross-connect boards be configured.

Web LCT and BER tester
Procedure
Current status of two PXC should be normal. Switch PXC board by Web LCT and monitor their status and alarms. Restore back PXC board.
97
Questions
What is the procedure to access Web LCT?
How should the E1 port be set and connected for testing the connections of E1 cables? How to adopt the testing it quickly?
Why shall we disable the ATPC function when test RF transmit power?
Contents
1. Preparations for the OptiX RTN 600 Commissioning 2. NE Commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600 3. Hop Commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600
98
Contents
3. Hop Commissioning of the OptiX RTN 600
3.1 Aligning the Single-Polarized Antenna 3.2 Aligning the Dual-Polarized Antennas 3.3 Testing the ECC 3.3 Testing the E1 Service 3.3 Testing the Ethernet Service 3.4 Testing the WS Service 3.5 Testing the order wire 3.6 Testing the Clock Tracing 3.7 Testing the IF 1+1 Switching 3.8 Testing the SNCP Switching 3.9 Testing the 24-Hour BER
Aligning the Single-Polarized Antenna

Prerequisites
The NE commissioning is complete. Weather is suitable for commissioning. The on-site conditions and personnel fit for high altitude operation. ATPC disabled.

Wrench, multi-meter and intercom.
Procedure
1. Rotate antenna approximately.
99
Aligning the Single-Polarized Antenna (cont.)

Procedure (cont.)
2. Test VBNC value:
RSL
VBNC
RS SI

Procedure (cont.)
3. Rotate antenna in horizontal manner widely to search the highest VBNC. 4. Adjust the elevation angle to search the highest VBNC. 5. Aligning the remote antenna. 6. Repeat step 2 to step 5 for 2 to 4 times until get the highest VBNC at both sides. 7. Tighten all the screws to fix antenna and make a mark. 8. Read the current RSL for both sides.
100

Precautions
Align the antennas respectively in case of two antennas configured at both sides.
1+1 SD. 1+1 FD + SD.
The antenna adjustment device is screw bolt. Make the test line with BNC interface for multimeter in advance.
Aligning the Dual-Polarized Antenna

Prerequisites The NE commissioning of the radio equipment at both ends of the radio link must be complete. The weather must be suitable for outdoor work. There should be no rain, snow or fog between stations. The on-site conditions must meet the requirement for performing operations at high altitudes and the personnel in charge of commissioning the antenna must be trained to work at high altitudes. The ATPC function must be disabled.
101
Aligning the Dual-Polarized Antenna (cont.)

Tools, Instruments, and Materials Ejector lever Multi-meter Procedure 1.Power off the vertically polarized ODUs at both ends of the radio link, power on the horizontally polarized ODUs at both ends of the radio link, and thus ensure that the antennas transmit horizontally polarized signals. 2.Adjust the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the antennas at both ends and ensure that the main lobe of the horizontally polarized signals is aligned with the antenna.

3.Measure the RSL (P1) of the horizontally polarized signals at the local end. 4.Adjust the feed boom at the local end, and ensure that the RSL of the vertically polarized signals reaches the lower threshold (P2).
5.Record the angle (D1) of the current feed boom. 6.Power off the horizontally polarized ODUs at both ends of the radio link, power on the vertically polarized ODUs at both ends of the radio link, and thus ensure that the antennas transmit vertically polarized signals.
102

7.Measure the RSL (P3) of the vertically polarized signals at the local end by referring to 3. 8.Power on the horizontally polarized ODU at the local end, and calculate the level (P4) of the horizontally polarized signals received at the local end by referring to 4. The calculated XPD2 (XPD2 = P3 P4) should not be less than 30 dB. 9.Record the angle (D2) of the current feed boom.

10.Repeat 3 to 9 to adjust the feed boom slightly (ranging from D1 to D2), and ensure that XPD1 and XPD2 are not less than 30 dB. 11.Tighten all the screws of the antennas.
103
Testing the ECC

Prerequisites
Antenna alignment must be complete. The NE must have access to the Web LCT.

Web LCT
Precautions
Test the ECC at one end of the radio link.
Procedure
Add and set the attributes of the remote NE in Web LCT Observe Login Status of the newly added remote NE.
Testing the E1 Service

Prerequisites
The E1 service must be available. Antenna alignment must be complete.

BER tester and Web LCT
Procedure
BER tester connected to local site. Remote site set the loopback. No errors in 5 or 10 minutes. Release all loopbacks.
104
Testing the E1 Service (con.)

When there isnt BER tester, the PRBS function of PDH board can test the E1 service instead of BER tester.
Setting the loop-back of an E1 interface at remote site. Configuring PRBS function at local site. Observing the testing result. Releasing loop-back
Testing the Ethernet Service

Prerequisite
The Ethernet service must be configured between stations.
Tools, Instruments, and Materials

Web LCT One laptop
Connection diagram for testing the Ethernet service
Configuration for testing the Ethernet service
105
Testing the Ethernet Service(cont.)

Cable connection for the IDU (NE 1)
Testing the Ethernet Service(cont.)

Cable connection for the IDU (NE 2)
106
Testing the Ethernet Service (cont.)

Procedure 1.On the IDU side of NE 1, use an Ethernet cable to connect the Ethernet port of the laptop to the Ethernet service port of the Ethernet board, as shown in The Ethernet service port enables service transmission between NEs. 2.On the IDU side of NE 2, use an Ethernet cable to connect the Ethernet port of the SCC to the Ethernet service port of the Ethernet board, The Ethernet service port enables service transmission between NEs.
3.Set the IP address of the laptop, and ensure that the IP address and the IP address of NE 2 belong to the same network segment.
Testing the Ethernet Service (cont.)

Display the Command Prompt window of laptop A, and run the ping 129.9.0.2 -n 200 -l 2000 command.
After you run the command, check the result. There should not be lost packets, that is, the output display should contain the following information: Lost = 0 (0% loss)
107
Testing the WS Service

Prerequisites
The WS service must be configured. Antenna alignment must be complete.

BER tester
Procedure
At local site, connect the BER tester to the WS port. At remote site, perform the hardware inloop for the WS port. Test the BER for 5 to 10 minutes by BER tester. No bit errors should occur. Release the loopback.
Testing the order wire

Prerequisites
The order wire phone must be correctly installed at the station. The data of the order wire must be configured. Antenna alignment must be complete.

None.
Procedure
Dial the number of remote site. Check the voice is clear or not.
108
Testing the Clock Tracing

Prerequisites
The clock tracing priority list must be configured.

Web LCT
Procedure
Query the current clock priority table by using the Web LCT. Query the current . Manual switch the PXC board.
Testing the IF 1+1 Switching

Prerequisites
The equipment must be configured with the IF 1+1 protection. Antenna alignment must be complete.

Procedure
Connect E1 tester in local E1 port and set loopback in remote site. Query the working status of IF board. Mute the active ODU to start the IF switch. Check status and alarms.
109
Testing the IF 1+1 Switching (cont.)

Procedure (cont.)
Check the bit errors generate in switching. Test the restoration of IF 1+1 switching. Power on the main ODU.
Testing the SNCP Switching

Prerequisites
The equipment must be configured with the SNCP protection. Antenna alignment must be complete.

Procedure
Connect tester for E1 ports and perform the bit error testing. Power of the ODU to trigger the SNCP switch. Check the service status, alarms and bit errors. Test the restoration of SNCP.
110
Testing the 24-Hour BER

Prerequisites
Antenna alignment must be complete.

Procedure
Cascade the E1 ports with the BER tester at one site. Perform the loopback at the other sites. Test bit error for 24 hours.
Questions
What is the procedure to aligning antennas?
How long should it take to test the E1 service and WS service respectively by using the BER tester?
What alarms occur after the IF 1+1 switching is complete?
How can we ensure that SNCP switching is successful?
How should we handle bit errors occurring in the 24-hour BER test?
111
Summary
The commissioning items in hop commissioning:
3.1 Aligning the Single-Polarized Antenna 3.2 Aligning the Dual-Polarized Antennas 3.3 Testing the ECC 3.3 Testing the E1 Service 3.3 Testing the Ethernet Service 3.4 Testing the WS Service 3.5 Testing the order wire 3.6 Testing the Clock Tracing 3.7 Testing the IF 1+1 Switching 3.8 Testing the SNCP Switching 3.9 Testing the 24-Hour BER
Thank you
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112
OptiX RTN 600 Data Configuration
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Objectives
Describe the functions of the T2000 and the T2000 Web LCT. Install the T2000 Web LCT. Configure services and protection by using the T2000 and the T2000 Web LCT.
113
Contents
1. Introduction to Networks Management Systems 2. Introduction to T2000 Web LCT 3. Introduction to the T2000
Management System Solution

Integrated NMS & OSS
OSS or integrated NMS

CORBA CORBA CORBA
Service management layer Network management layer
iManager T2100
MML
iManager T2100
MML
MML
iManager T2000 iManager T2000 LCT Qx Qx
iManager T2000
iManager T2000
Qx
Qx
NE management layer NE layer
114
Contents
Contents
2. Introduction to T2000 Web LCT
2.1 Main Characteristics 2.2 Application Scenario 2.3 Installation Guide 2.4 Connecting to NEs 2.5 Configuration Operations
115
T2000 Web LCT Characteristics

Access to a local NE through a LAN/RS 232 Access to a remote NE through DCC Management of NEs of various types Concurrent login to a maximum of 32 NEs Integration with the T2000, T2100 or third-party management system
Function of T2000 Web LCT

Service configuration Protection configuration Setting and query of the RF and IF attributes Data services configuration Viewing of alarms and performance data Communication and security
116
Contents
Application Scenario
Stand-alone
117
Application Scenario (cont.)

Integrated
NMS
DCN
EMS EMS
NE network
NE network
Contents
118
Installation Requirement
Configuration requirements
The T2000 Web LCT runs on the Windows operating system.
Hardware requirements
CPU: Pentium III 700 MHz or higher RAM: 256 MB (recommended 512 MB or higher) Monitor: 1024 x 768 resolution Serial port: RS 232 Ethernet port: 10M/100M
Installation Procedure
Step 1 Uncompress the installation package or Insert the installation CD-ROM, and run the setup.exe file. Click Next.
119
Installation Procedure (cont.)

Step 3 Enter user name, company name, and serial number,Click Next.

Step 5 Click Install.
120

Checking the Installation
The T2000 Web LCT installation directory.
By default is C:\Web_LCT.
The installation directory of the jre software.

By default is C:\Web_LCT\jre.
The installation directory of the Tomcat software.

By default is C:\Web_LCT\Tomcat .
Check the shortcut icon on desktop.
Contents
121
Connecting to NE
Connect to the NE directly through Ethernet interface. Connect to the NE through DCN. Connect to the NE through serial interface.
Contents
122
Login an NE
Login an NE (cont.)
123
Login an NE (cont.)
Login an NE (cont.)
124
Modifying the NE ID
In the NE list, delete the original NE. Create a new NE with the new ID. After modifying the NE ID, you need to create and log in to the new NE. Only in this way can you recreate the communication between the Web LCT and the NE.
Setting RF Attributes
125
Setting RF Attributes (cont.)
Configuring IF Protection
126
Configuring IF Protection (cont.)
Configuring IF Protection (cont.)
127
Setting IF Attributes
Setting IF Attributes (cont.)
128
Configuring a Service
Configuring a Service (cont.)
129
Configuring SNCP Service
Configuring SNCP Service (cont.)
130
Converting a Service
Converting a Service (cont.)
131
Browsing Alarm
Browsing Performance Events
132
Communications
Contents
133
Contents
3. Introduction to the T2000
3.1 Main Characteristics 3.2 Application Scenario 3.3 Configuration Operations
Communications
T2000 server
T2000 client
T2000 client
134
Contents
T2000 Application Scenario

Subnet management system (SNMS) Applicable to small and medium network management Provides power NE management functions Uniformly manage the RTN/SDH/ASON/MSTP/WDM equipment Provides the standard northbound interfaces and supports OSS integration
135
Contents
Creating a Microwave Link
136
Current Alarm Statistics
Customizing Alarm Attributes
137
Customizing Alarm Attributes

Customization up to 16 performance thresholds.
History Performance Analysis

Graphic history performance data analysis.
138
Summary
Login the NE Modifying the NE ID Service Configuring Configuring IF Protection Setting IF Attributes Setting RF Attributes Browsing Alarm Performance Communications Creating a Microwave Link Current Alarm Statistics Customizing Alarm Attributes Alarm Correlation Analysis and Suppression History Performance Analysis
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139
OptiX RTN 600 Alarm and Performance Event

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Objectives
Describe the main alarms and performances events in OptiX RTN 600 system Analyze and process the common alarm and performance events in the troubleshooting procedure
140
Contents
1. Description of the Common Alarm 2. Description of the Performance Event
Signal Flow in OptiX RTN 600

SD1 PH1 EMS6 Baseband signal PXC Baseband signal IF Board IF signal Antenna ODU RF signal
Radio
IDU
SCC
Modem unit
IF process unit
Combiner interface unit
Baseband digital signal
Digital IF signal
Analog IF signal
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Alarms in ODU
CONFIG_NOSUPPORT
Description: configured parameters do not match those of the ODU. Reasons: the frequency, TR spacing, transmit power, ATPC threshold, bandwidth or modulation mode are error. Impact on System: the ODU fails to work normally or trigged 1+1 HSB. Handling Procedure:
Check the configuration of parameters of ODU by alarm parameters. Modify the wrong settings.
Alarms in ODU (Cont.)

IF_INPWR_ABN
Description: power of ODU received IF signal is low or high. Reasons:
There is an inloop operation on the IF port. The IF board is faulty. The IF cables are faulty. The ODU is faulty.
Impact on System: the ODU service interrupted or trigged 1+1 HSB.
142
Alarms in ODU (Cont.)

POWER_FAIL
The active or standby power module of ODU is faulty.
RADIO_MUTE
The radio transmitter in ODU is muted, just receiving radio.
RADIO_RSL_LOW/HIGH, RADIO_TSL_LOW/HIGH
The radio receive/ transmit power is too low or too high
Alarms in IF Board
MW_FECUNCOR ( IF1A and IF1B available )
Description: the Reed Solomon (RS) encoding in the receiving IF signal cannot be corrected. Impact on System: Bit errors occur to the services and might cause the 1+1 HSB switch.
MW_LIM
Description: The mismatched microwave link identifier is detected. Impact on System: service down or triggered the SNCP switch.
143
Alarms in IF Board (Cont.)

MW_LOF
Description: the receiving microwave frame is lost . Impact on System: Service down and any of the protection might be triggered.
MW_RDI
Description: there are defects at the remote end of the microwave link. Impact on System: not affect the local service, it will cause the reverse switch in local.
Alarms in IF and SDH Board

R_LOS
Description: the SDH signal is lost at the receive side. Impact on System: service down and cause any of the switch.
R_LOF
Description: the SDH frame is lost at the receive side. Impact on System: service down and cause any of the switch.
144
Alarms in IF and SDH Board (Cont.)

MS_AIS
Description: alarm indication at the receive side. Impact on System: service down and cause any of the switch.
MS_RDI
Description: indicating the data reception fails at the remote end of the multiplex section. Impact on System: not affect service in local.
Alarms in IF and SDH Board (Cont.)

B1/B2/B3 EXC or B1/B2/B3 SD
Description: B1/B2/B3 bit errors exceed the preset alarm threshold (by default: 10-3 for EXC and 10-6 for SD). Impact on System: the EXC will cause service down and any of the switch. The SD is optional to trigger the switch. Reasons:
The line performance degrades. The transmit unit of the remote station is faulty. The receive unit of the local station is faulty.
145
Alarms in PDH Board

T_ALOS
Description: 2-Mbit/s analog signal is lost at the specific port. Impact on System: service down.
TU_AIS (also reported by IF0A, IF0B in its PDH mode)

Description: alarm indication at the receive side. Impact on System: service down and cause SNCP switch.
Alarms in PDH Board (Cont.)

BIP EXC/SD (also reported by ETF4,EMS6 and IF0A, IF0B in its PDH mode)
Description: bit errors exceed the preset alarm threshold (by default: 10-3 for EXC and 10-6 for SD). Impact on System: the EXC will cause service down and any of the switch. The SD is optional to trigger the switch.
LP_RDI
Description: the remote end fails to receive signals over the lowerorder path. Impact on System: not affect service in local.
146
Alarms in Ethernet Board

ETH_LOS Description: the Ethernet port is disconnected. Impact on System: service down. FCS_ERR Description: errors occur in the verification of the frame check sequence (FCS).. Impact on System: service is interrupted or bit errors arise. LINK_ERR Description: the data link fails. Impact on System: service down. TU_AIS_VC12/VC3 Description: the VC12 or VC3 TU channel has alarms. Impact on System: Ethernet service down.
Alarms in PXC Board

SYN_BAD
Description: the synchronization source degrades. Impact on System: The NE clock is unlocked.
POWER_ALM ( also reported in SCC and FAN board)

Description: the power module is abnormal. Impact on System: If only one power module reports the POWER_ALM alarm, the system is not affected.
147
Alarms in SCC Board

APS_INDI / FAIL Description: the MSP protection switching takes place or failed. Impact on System: Service restored or fail to restore. HSB_INDI / HSM_INDI Description: the microwave equipment 1+1 HSB or HSM is switched over. Impact on System: service will be interrupted during HSB switch. LTI Description: the synchronization source is lost. Impact on System: clock enters the free-run mode and loses synchronization with other NE clocks. NESTATE_INSTALL Description: the NE is in the install state. Impact on System: IDU lost of configuration data and fail to work.
Alarms in SCC Board (Cont.)

WRG_BD_TYPE
Description: a board of the wrong type is detected. Impact on System: The board in the corresponding slot does not work .
XCP_INDI
Description: the active and standby PXC boards are switched over. Impact on System: service has interruption during the switch.
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Contents
1. Description of the Common Alarm 2. Description of the Performance Event
Performance Events
Event Name Description
TSL_MAX TSL_MIN TSL_CUR RSL_MAX RSL_MIN RSL_CUR
Source
Max. value of microwave transmit power ODU Min. value of microwave transmit power Current value of microwave transmit power Max. value of microwave receive power Min. value of microwave receive power Current value of microwave receive signal level
149
Performance Events (Cont.)

Event Name Description Source
IF1A, IF1B, IF0A, IF0B, and IFX
FEC_BEF_COR_ER Bit error rate before FEC correction FEC_COR_BYTE_C FEC corrected byte count NT

RSBBE RSES RSSES RSUAS MSBBE MSES MSSES Regenerator section block of background error Regenerator section errored second Regenerator section severely errored second Regenerator section unavailable second Multiplex section block of background error Multiplex section errored second Multiplex section severely errored second
Source
SL1, SD1, SLE, SDE, IF1A, IF1B,IF X and SL4
150

AUPJCHIGH AUPJCLOW AUPJCNEW Count of positive AU pointer justification Count of negative AU pointer justification Count of new AU pointer justifications
Source
SL1, SD1, SLE, SDE, IF1A, IF1B,IFX and SL4 PO1 PH1,PD1 and PL3
TUPJCHIGH TUPJCLOW TUPJCNEW
Count of positive TU pointer justifications Count of negative TU pointer justifications Count of new TU pointer justifications
Questions
The IDU 620 configured with 1+1 HSB, and loaded E1 service, operator mute the active ODU. How do you check whether the service is ok or not by query the alarms?
151
Summary
Common alarms in ODU board Common alarms in IF board Common alarms in the SDH, PDH and Ethernet boards Common alarms in the SCC and PXC board Common performance events
Thank you
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152
OptiX RTN 600 Routine Maintenance
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Objectives
List the routine maintenance items of OptiX RTN 600 Implement the maintenance operation of OptiX RTN 600 Judge the common faulty in OptiX RTN 600
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
153
Contents
1. Routine Maintenance 2. Common Maintenance Operations
Contents
1. Routine Maintenance
1.1 IDU maintenance items 1.2 Out door units maintenance items 1.3 Maintenance Items on NM system
154
Observing The Indicators

SRV indicator on all boards: indicates status of services
Red color: critical or major alarm Yellow color: minor or remote alarm Green color: no alarm Off: no service configured or power off
STAT indicator on all boards: indicates status of the boards

Green color: board running normally Red color: board has hardware fault Off: board not running, not be created in NMS or power off
BER indicator on IF board: indicates bit errors on microwave

Yellow color: bit errors exceed the threshold Off: bit error is ok
ODU indicator on IF board: indicates status of the ODU

Green color: ODU running normally Red color: ODU has hardware fault
Link indicator on IF board: indicates status of MW link

Green color: MW link is normal Red color: MW link is abnormal
Testing The Orderwire Phone

Making a call to other site.
The dial tone should be clear after pick up the phone. The ringing tone should be clear after dial the number. If remote site answered the call, the voice should be clear without noise.
155
Cleaning the Air Filter

It is recommend to clean the air filter once every two months. Cleaning the air filter is necessary only for the IDU 620 that is configured with fans.
Cleaning the Equipment Room

It is recommend to clean the equipment room once every two months.
1. Temperature: 5 to 45. 2. Humidity: 5% to 95%. 3. Disaster protection. 4. Clean the equipment room.
156
Contents
ODU Maintenance Items

It is recommend to perform the operations in every half year or after a fresh gale.
Checking the ODU Checking the hybrid coupler Checking the antenna Checking the IF cable
157
Checking the ODU

Protection area of the lightning arrester. Connections between ODU to hybrid coupler and antenna. Water-proof checking for the interfaces. Status of protection grounding cable. Surface of ODU.
Checking the Hybrid Coupler

Protection area of the lightning arrester. Connections between hybrid coupler to ODU and antenna. Water-proof checking for the interfaces.
158
Checking the Antenna

Protection area of the lightning arrester. Connections between antenna to pole. Antenna radome should be intact. Water accumulation in antenna. Position and direction of antenna.
Checking the IF Cable

Appearance of the IF cable. Cable connectors. Cable grounding.
159
Contents
Maintenance Via LCT or NMS

When the T2000 Web LCT is available on site or equipment is managed by T2000:
Querying alarms Querying performance Querying abnormal events Querying the receiving power of the ODU Testing protection functions once every half year
160
Contents
1. Routine Maintenance 2. Common Maintenance Operations
Replacing an ODU
ODU power off. Disconnect cable. Uninstall ODU. Install the new ODU.
New ODU consistent with the previous one. Polarity.
Connect back the cables. Carry out the waterproof measures for the IF interface of the ODU. Turn on the ODU-PWR switch on the panel of the IF board. Check status of new ODU by Web LCT.
161
Plugging Out a Board
Step 1: Loosen the screws on the front panel.
Step 3: Draw out the board along the guiding rail.
Step 2: Unlock the ejector levers of the board so that the board is disconnected from the backplane.
Plugging In a Board
Step 1: Slowly inserting the board along the guiding rail. Step 2: Lock the ejector levers of the board.
Step 3: Fasten the screws on the front panel.
162
Replacing an IF Board
Active/standby board switch or SNCP switch. ODU power off and IF cable disconnect. Replace the new IF board and connect IF cable. Observe the indicators. Turn on ODU power. Restore active/standby board or SNCP service. Monitor status of the new IF board.
Replacing an SCC Board

Remove the SCC board and make sure the spare SCC board is consistent with it. Replace the removable memory card on spare SCC. Install the spare board. Monitor the indicators, and check the status of the running SCC board by Web LCT.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms

IDU ODU BER IF NMS In Door Unit Out Door Unit Bit Error Rate Intermediate Frequency Network Management System
SNCP Sub-Network Connection Protection LCT SCC Local Craft Terminal System Control and Communication Unit
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164
OptiX RTN 600 Troubleshooting
Internal
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Basic Principles for Locating Faults

External first, then internal Exclude external problems first IF cable, switch failure Power failure, grounding Station first, then boards Try your best to locate the troubles to one node Microwave side first, then SDH side First check the Microwave side problems Higher-severity alarms first, then Lower-severity alarms First analyze critical/major alarms Then come to minor/warning alarms
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165
Common Methods of Fault Locating

Alarm and performance analysis Loopback Replacement Configuration data analysis Configuration modification Test with instruments Rule of thumb
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Alarm and Performance Analysis

Use NMS
How to obtain alarms and performance?
Observe indicators on boards and cabinets
Comprehensive All alarms/performance events from the whole network Accurate Current alarms, history alarms, occurrence time and performance event data can be queried.
Not detailed No history alarms
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166

Obtain alarm and performance events Select the key alarm or performance events
Analyze reasons
Limit the troubles to a certain range or a node
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1 2 3
R-LOF
MW-RDI HSB-INDI
Description
NE1 & NE2 is STM-1 capacity 1+1 configuration; After switching, that was an alarm R_LOF" on NE1; Alarm "MW_RDI", HSB_INDI on NE2.
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167

Possible reasons:
Second ODU is faulty; IF-board is faulty; TX/RX Frequencies of the second (protection) ODU are different from the other three ODUs on this hop; Hybrid Coupler is faulty; There is water in hybrid coupler; IF-Jumper is faulty; IF-board is faulty.
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Loopback
What is loopback?
Loopback is the most common, most efficient method in troubleshooting.
Inloop
Line
Inloop RTN equipment

Line
outloop outloop Tributary
outloop Inloop
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168
Loopback
Board involved Loopback options Loopback tools Loopback level Application Separate switching faults from transmission faults. Determine the tributary board failure roughly. Be unnecessary to modify service configuration. Locate single station faults. Roughly determines the line board failure. Be no need to modify service configuration the ODU supports RF port inloops and IF port inloops/outloops, separate the faults in the IFunits or the ODU
Tributary board
Inloop/ outloop
Loopback cable, NMS
Loopback at path level Loopback by optical interface Loopback by the IF/RF port
Line board
Inloop/ outloop Inloop/
Patch fiber, NMS
IF/RF port
outloop
NMS
Notes
May interrupt the traffic and ECC Software loopback is not a thorough method Will automatically be removed in 5 minutes (provisionable)
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Replacement
Objective
Fiber Cable Module Board
Application
External faults Boards faults
Effective thoughts
MSP switch SNCP switch 1+1 SD/FD switch 1+1 HSB switch
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169
Configuration Data Analysis

Query & Analyze the configuration
Timeslot configuration J1 or C2 bytes LUTUIF unit or ODU loopback SNCP or MSP switching conditions (e.g. MS-SD) External commands (e.g. locked switch) The consistency of the frequency between two nodes The appropriate transmission power of the ODU
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Testing Instrument
Instrument Bit error testing device Optical power meter SDH analyzer Multi-meter Bit error/traffic Optical power Bit error/traffic/overhead bytes Voltage/current/resistance Test item
This method is the most authoritative, but we must have the devices in hand.
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170
Rule of Thumb
Last resort
Reset board Power off and on Resend the configuration Do not consider them as a panacea They are not helpful for us to find the cause of the failure.
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Common Methods of Fault Locating

Methods
Alarm and performance analysis Loopback
Application
Universal
Features
1. Evaluate the whole network situation. 2. Locate the faulty point preliminarily based on the collected data. 3. Cause no negative effect on normal services 4. Depend on the NMS 1. Independent of alarm and performance event analysis 2. Rapid and effective 1. Convenient 2. Require spare parts/equipment. 3. Applied with other methods 1. Can find the fault cause. 2. Fault locating time is longer. 3. Depend on the NMS 1. Have a high risk. 2. Depend on the NMS 1. A general method with high accuracy 2. Have certain requirements for the meters. 3. Applied with other methods 1. Fast fault handling 2. High probability of mistake 3. Need experience accumulation.
Locate the fault to a single station or board Locate the fault to a board or isolate external faults Locate the fault to a single station or board Locate the fault to a board Isolate external faults and resolve interconnectivity problem Special cases
Replacement
Configuration data analysis Configuration modification Test with instruments
Experience
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171
Common Troubleshooting Sequence

Exclude external troubles
Switching problem? Fiber problems? Trunk cable? Power supply system? Grounding problem? Replacement Instrument testing Loopback Alarm/performan ce analysis
Locate troubles to one NE

Loopback Alarm/performance analysis Replacement Loopback Alarm/performance analysis Configuration analysis Configuration modification Rule of Thumb
Locate the troubles to one board
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Contents
1. Troubleshooting Preparation 2. Troubleshooting Idea and Methods 3. Classified Troubleshooting Examples
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172
Classified Troubleshooting Examples

Traffic Interruption Wrong configuration Bit Errors
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Traffic Interruption
1 2
16 E1
16 E1
Description
Hardware version is V1R2, can not configure 16E1 services ( just can configure 11E1 services); There are no other services; The link between NE1 & NE2 was configured 1+1HSB;
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173
Handling process
Check the license
License just can support 23 E1( 7 E1 for free) and the 1+1 HSB need the 32 E1 license capacity
Change the license
Delete the 1+1 HSB configuration
Generate the some alarms
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Handling process
1
MW-LOF LOG_OUT
16 E1
16 E1
Other YES configurations be changed ? NO Check the configuration for 1+1HSB
Check the ODU launch frequency or the receiving power
Use other configuration guides
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174
Handling process
Wrong operation process to delete the 1+1 HSB Analysis: configure the 1+1HSB, both ODUs are set unmute status; After delete the protection configuration, both ODUs will be disturbed each other because they have same launch frequency and polarization ; Shut down the ODU and configure the 1+1 HSB again
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175
Wrong configuration
1
Config_nosupport 16 E1 16 E1
Description
NE1 configure 1+0 protection, at the 15 GHz band, and with 16E1 PDH; NE1 ODU remains mute though it is set to the unmute status; NE1 ODU transmits signals at the power of -55 dBm though its launched power is set to 21 dBm; NE1 generates the Config_nosupport alarm.
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Wrong configuration
Handling process
The launched power of ODU is out of the range? The range is -6 to 24dbm, and the launched power is 21 dbm; The transmit frequency of ODU is out of the range? The range is 15GHZ band, and the actual frequency is 1.46655 GHZ The designed frequency is 14.6655 GHZ; so change the transmit frequency to 14.6655 GHZ
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Bit Errors
1
MW_RDI MW_LOF
Description
Many bit errors generate in the microwave equipment for the interval is between 15 to 25 minutes; The services are interrupted for 5 to 8 seconds each time; The equipment generate MW_RDI and MW_LOF alarms;
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177
Bit Errors
Handling process
Wrong configuration?
Yes
No
Hardware problems?
Inconsistent working modes or working frequencies of the ODUs at the local and peer ends?
No
No
Query the alarms
MW_RDI: When this alarm is reported, it means that the link is faulty and consequently the peer end receives error bits.
MW_LOF: The performance of the microwave link deteriorates. The receive function of the local end fails. The working modes of the ODUs in the local and peer ends are different. The working efficiency of the ODUs in the local and peer ends are different.
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Bit Errors
Handling process
The MW_RDI and MW_LOF alarms are related to the link performance deterioration
a new link is created and the frequency interference occurs between the new and existing links Guess: other company creates a new microwave hop and the new microwave hop shares the site with Huawei.
After modify the receive and transmit powers of the ODUs at the local and peer ends, the problem is solved.
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178
Questions
What is the key of troubleshooting? To locate a failure ACCURATELY in certain station What is the principle of troubleshooting? External first, then internal Station first, then boards Microwave first, then SDH Higher-severity alarms first, then lower-severity alarms
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Summary
Which methods for troubleshooting?
Alarm and performance analysis Loopback Replacement Configuration Data Analysis Configuration Modification Test with instruments Rule of Thumb
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179
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Huawei

OptiX RTN 600 Operation and Maintenance Training

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

All Rights Reserved

OptiX RTN 600 System Description

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

1.2 Equipment Characteristics

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

ODU Pole IDU

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

IDU Structure (IDU 610)

Line board and tributary board

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

IDU Structure (IDU 620)

EXT slot 20 EXT PXC PXC

slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1

EXT EXT EXT SCC

slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2

The slot numbering rule is the same as IDU 610 .

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

IDU Board -- IF Board IF1A

ODU power supply switch

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IDU Board -- IF Board IFX

Input/output ports of XPIC compensation signal

ODU power switch

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IDU Board -- IF Board IFH2

ODU power switch

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Supporting PDH only

Supporting SDH only Providing XPIC function

Providing hybrid microwave function (E1+Ethernet)

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

IF Board -- Board Installation

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IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

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IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

Channel Spacing (MHz) 7 7 7 7 7 7

Modulation Scheme QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

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IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

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IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

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IF Board -- IF Performance (Cont.)

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IFX Typical Configuration

Signal compensation cable

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IFX Typical Configuration (Cont.)

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IDU Board -- Tributary Board PH1

1-8 channel E1 DB44 interfaces

9-16 channel E1 DB44 interfaces

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