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Kulashekharan Pand a
Kulashekharan is said to be as strong as a bull. He is apparently killed by Lord Krishna, but although his son wants to avenge his father's death, he is dissuaded from doing so by his well wishers. fl c.1300? BC c.1300? BC Mala adwaja Son.
One of the contemporaries of Jarasandha of the Brhadratha dynasty of Magadha is Jayatsena of Magadha. He takes part in the Kurukshetra War in the Mahab hara a as one of the leaders on the side of Kauravas, along with Srutayus of Kalinga, Paundraka Vasudeva of Pundra, Karna of Anga, and Malayadwaja of the Pandyas. Bhagadatta of the Naraka kings is also involved in the war. During the battle, Malayadwaja apparently wounds the mighty Dronacharya, the teacher of both the Pandavas and the Kauravas, and who fights on the side of the Kauravas. Malayadwaja goes further and takes on Drona's son, Ashwathama, in a duel. Malayadwaja's daughter is Meenakshi, after whom the famous temple of Meenakshi Amman is built in Madurai. The city of Madurai is built around this temple. After this, the Pandyas fall back into obscurity for seven centuries.
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of Madurai
Pand a Fi
AD 580 - 960
Empi e
The Sangam age of Pand an king ended hen he Kalabh a ook o e he Pand an egion . I ook ele en cen ie , b he Pand a e en all bo nced back, e ook hei e i o ie and e abli hed ha i no kno n a he fi empi e. Kad ngon a he king ho achie ed hi , e i ing he Pand a in o he n India a he e a of he e en h cen AD (along ide a imila Palla a e gence nde King Simha i hn ), ma king he beginning of a ne e a in he Tamil- peaking egion. He a med he i le Pand adhi aja. AD 580 - 590 c.590 - 620 c.620 - 640 c.640 - 670 c.670 - 710 Kadungon Maravarman Avaniculamani Ce hian Cendan Ja antavarman Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaran Son. Rules from Madurai. 'Pand adhiraja'. Son.
670
The Palla a king, Mahend a a man II, i killed in a collec i e a ack b he Chal k a , he Ganga and he Pand a .
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A M P
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.910 - 920
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P C , , C P P .I . First of the true e ile kings. .W , 1210. T P P
AD 1251 - 1345
fl c.980
Vira Pand a II
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fl c.980 Vira Pand a II
.1100?
II
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The Nellaiappar Temple in Tirunelveli, one of the ancestral glories that the Pand as wished to regain
1101 - 1124 1132 - 1161 1161 - 1162 1162 - ? ? - 1175 1175 - 1180 1180? - 1190 .1190
Srivallabha Manakulachala Maaravaramban Seervallaban Parakrama Pandi an Kulasekara Pand an III Vira Pand an III Jatavarman Srivallaban Vikkikarma Pand an V P V P H , , P , K U . Son. Chola vassal. - , C . Younger brother. C C P C - V , N K H II. U , T C P . .H ,R C P III, ,V H B . II. B , , P K .H R , .R C , R K H , V B P V M III P S .T T . II, P Led a failed rebellion against Kulothunga Chola III. Chola vassal. Chola vassal. K C III. I K P
1190 - 1216
Jatavarman Kulasekharan I J K C
1216 - 1238
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1238 - 1251 1251 - 1268
Jatavarman avenges the defeat of his father b completel destro ing the Chola empire and establishing the second powerful Pand an empire. He also defeats the Cheras, Ho salas (in 1279), and the Kakati as. During his reign he provides a golden roof for the temples of Chidambaram and Srirangam from the wealth acquired in his conquests. He also gives man grants to temples in Trich , Thanjavur and Kanchipuram. He builds a temple at Aragalur (Magadai Mandalam) for the merit of Kulasekara around 1259. He acknowledges the contributors of other d nasties to Tamil Nadu b building a gate at the Sri Ranganathaswami Temple at Srirangam in which he engraves the names of all four great empires of Tamil Nadu, the Cholas, Pallavas, Pand as and Cheras. He also builds the east tower of the Madurai Meenakshi Temple. 1268 - 1308 1279 1308 Maravaramban Kulasekhara Pand a I Son.
The Pand as drive out Ramanatha of the divided Ho sala kingdom, sei ing his territor . Kulasekhara Pand a has two sons, one of whom, Jatavarman Sundara Pand a, is legitimate, while Jatavarman Vira Pand a is illegitimate. The latter is chosen as the heir apparent, so the former kills his father. This leads to a civil war between the brothers. Jatavarman Sundara Pand a Jatavarman Vira Pand a Son. Illegitimate brother and official heir.
Jatavarman Sundara Pand a appeals to Alladin Khiljis, the Deccan vicero , and General Mallik Kafur for help. Kafur invades and destro s the Pand an kingdom over the course of two decades, ending Hindu Pand a rule and starting a Mahomedan overlordship from Delhi. However, Delhi loses power in the Deccan in the fourteenth centur and a patchwork of kingdoms and principalities emerges, one of the biggest of which is the Vija nagar empire, which lies immediatel north of the Madurai region. In 1334, Madurai itself becomes an Islamic sultanate which is initiall independent.
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