PEMARKAHAN

1. 2. 3.

BAHAN PP ESEI FORUM JUMLAH

FIK 3042 ( ENGLISH FOR COMMUNICATION II ) ASSIGNMENT 3

WRITE THE GIST OR MAIN POINTS OF TWO ARTICLES. WRITE A REFLECTION OF THE TWO ARTICLES.

KUMPULAN UPSI-A11(A112PJJ) DISEDIAKAN OLEH: NAMA LOW WEI LI NO. ID D 20112054174 NO. TELEFON 0125022320

NAMA TUTOR E-LEARNING : DR. NAPISAH KEPOL TARIKH SERAH : 01/05/2012

Table of Content

Introduction--------------------------------------------------------------------2 Gist Article 1: Water Pollution----------------------------------------------3 Gist Article 2: Water The Lubricant of Life-----------------------------4 Reflection / Discussion-------------------------------------------------------5~7 References----------------------------------------------------------------------8 Appendix 1a--------------------------------------------------------------------9 Appendix 1b--------------------------------------------------------------------10 Appendix 1c--------------------------------------------------------------------11 Appendix 2a--------------------------------------------------------------------12 Appendix 2b--------------------------------------------------------------------13 Appendix 2c--------------------------------------------------------------------14

INTRODUCTION

Article 1 Title: Water Pollution Causes, Effects & Solution Writer: Miller, G. Tyler Jr. Source:1. http://www.paranormalknowledge.com/articles/10-articles-on-water-pollution.html 2. http://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Environmental_Problems/water_pollution.html 3. Miller, G. Tyler Jr. Living in the Environment. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company,1987. Steger, Will and Bowermaster, Jon. Saving the Earth. New York: Bryon Preiss, 1990.

Article 2 Title: Water The Lubricant of Life Writer: Sue Pollock, ND PTC DHM DRM DCH DHT PGD.Phyto PGD.Nutr. D.Ay.M. Source: http://www.waterionizer.org/site/898596/page/453417

Gist Article 1 : Water Pollution ( 269 words) The Exxon Valdez oil spill incident in 80s showed horrible effects of water pollution. Oil is just one of many pollutants. 14 billion pounds of sewage, sludge, garbage and 19 trillion gallons of waste and chemicals are dumped annually. This affects us because water is able to transport pollution. This has intensified with industrialization and growing of population. One of the reasons that cause the water pollution problem become so severe is because it is not actually illegal to such an act! Often, governments either do not care and no efforts are made to disinfect the sewage or to remove harmful pollutants. Since the US Civil War, oil spilled between 1 and 10 billion tons by transport ships yearly, only about 10% of the oil is removed. The effects are varied and depend on what and where chemicals are dumped. Boston Harbor is a strong example of how badly it is polluted. Lead and cadmium disrupt the natural food chain of tiny animals which are consumed by fish and shellfish. Humans, food chain and ecosystem are badly affected. The Clean Water Act in US was written then. It is not effective in many areas, but achieved its goals in other locations, other legislation has been enacted too. Now, 11 different federal government agencies and 21 federal government programs all monitor the quality of water and regulate pollution. From 1972-1990, the US spent over $250 billion to clean up water. Industries begin to reduce dumping chemicals into water. Environmental groups are participating in cleanup projects. The products of plastics industry are degradable. However, many environmentalists think this is hardly enough.

Gist Article 2 : Water The Lubricant of Life (284 words) Three quarters of the body is water. The body has to re-filter it through the kidneys placing extra burden on them and the liver if not enough water. Dehydration is one of the main causes of fluid retention. It is the cause of all illnesses. The osmotic flow of water through the cell membrane can generate hydroelectric. Many authorities suggest 8-10 glasses per day (2-2.5 litres), but it varies from body size, physical activity and types of foods eaten.

Australia Water authorities can legally add up to 50 different chemicals to tap water in order to purify it. Todays tap water is dead water. Its molecular structure and ability to carry chemical elements, oxygen and nutrients is very poor. Boiled water evaporates off chlorine and kills some micro-organisms, other chemicals, and all the dissolved solids remain. Rain water it is polluted and more of a cocktail of sulfuric acid. Spring or mineral watercoming out of the ground, contains varying quantities of metals, salts of metals and minerals. It is essential for us to invest in a good water treatment device nowadays. Water Ionizer is not only a filtration system. It also alkalizes, ionizes and micro-clusters the water. Alkaline water can effectively neutralize acids in the blood and tissues, charged with negative ions, as a potent antioxidant to scavenge free radicals and to neutralize toxic substances in the blood. It helps in body hydration, mineralization, alkalization and detoxification process. Japan has heavily researched this water and found it successfully treated many chronic diseases including cancers. A clinical test showed changes in peoples' blood. Live Blood Analysis showed acid crystals and clumping of various cells. After drinking it for two weeks, acid crystals had disappeared.

Reflection / Discussion It is very obvious that water pollution is a very serious issue worldwide, even in a developed country such as the United States. In fact, a more developed a country is, the degree of pollution is even greater if there is no precautionary measurement been taken place. From the two articles, the first is more on issues of water pollution, its causes, effects and solution in US. As for the second article is more on water as the lubricant of life. As in Malaysia, according to Department of Environment of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and environment, the cause of water pollution is caused by point and non-point sources. Point sources include sewage treatment plants, manufacturing and agro-based industries and animal farms. Non-point sources are defined as diffused sources such as agricultural activities and surface runoffs. In 2006, the Department of Environment (DOE) report found the following: registered 18,956 water pollution point sources comprising mainly sewage treatment plants (9,060 : 47.79% inclusive of 601 Network Pump Stations), manufacturing industries (8,543 : 45.07%), animal farms (869 : 4.58%) and agrobased industries (484 : 2.55%). Therefore, the figures and data clearly showed that the main factors of water pollution are from sewage treatment plants and manufacturing industries which are 47.79% and 45.07% respectively. Surprisingly, even from the facts and figures the government of Malaysia realizes that the industrial can be a major contributor for water pollution and yet still insist in approving the operation of Lynas Advanced Material Plant at Gebang, Malaysia. As a responsible government, the life of the people and future generation should be given priority than the so called work opportunities for the people. Even without such a damaging industry, we will still be able to develop as a developed country if we fully utilize on our human resources and other natural resources and industries that does not bring any severe harmful effect as bad as Lynas. According to the Preliminary Waste Stream Assessment 2012 of the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) from National Toxics Network of Australia. It highlighted that: The most significant source of pollution from the LAMP will be the solid waste or tailing. Due to local environmental conditions and technical limitations of containment cells it is highly likely that the radioactive waste will contaminate groundwater within months of deposition on the site. Lynas and Malaysian Atomic Energy Licensing

Board have failed to meet the International Atomic Energy Agencys requirements regarding its long term plans for the radioactive solid waste. From this survey, as a Malaysia in general and the Government particularly needs to be fully aware and responsible to the nation. If such a project of Lynas will contaminate groundwater as stated in the report, it would be a disastrous nightmare to our people of the nation. It is not only in our generation but the side and damaging effect will be lasted for few decades or even as long as hundreds of years. Imagine what kind of disastrous effect. According to LAMP report 2012 stated that: The LAMP plant will have significant atmospheric, terrestrial and waterborne emissions of toxic chemicals and radionuclides including uranium, thorium and radon gas. The LAMP radioactive waste will require isolation from the environment for hundreds of years. Current disposal plans are likely to lead to groundwater contamination within months. Contamination of the Balok River and receiving marine environment are highly like based on the poor waste discharge limits set by Malaysian authorities. These limits do not equate with international best practice for waste water discharge. Radionuclide contamination of waterways and aquatic biota has been poorly addressed in Lynas Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) documentation. Can we believe that such what is going to happen to our fellow Malaysians once it has come into reality of such disastrous happenings? Even the Australian government does not allow such an operation of LAMP plant to be operated in their lovely motherland. Therefore, instead of produce it in Australia, Lynas decides to process lanthanide concentrate from the mine site in Mt. Weld Western Australia and to be delivered to the Port of Fremantle and then to be shipped to LAMP in Gebang, Malaysia. What a tragic incident for the century! Therefore, the water pollution in Malaysia will be as critical as US or any part of the world as long as such incident continues. Another factor why clean water is important to our health especially to our kidneys? As described in article 2, if our body does not get enough water, it will have to recycle what it already has, this means it has to re-filter it through the kidneys placing extra burden on them and the liver. According to Hewo statistic 2009: Out of Malaysian Population of 26 million, one in ten Malaysian suffers from chronic kidney disease, and in 2006 15,000 thousand Malaysian suffered end state renal failure and is expected to reach 20,000 by 2010. Annually, between 2500 to 3000 new patients are diagnose to have end stage kidney failure.
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From the statistic itself clearly stated that there is an increased trend in end stage kidney failure and one of the factors that affect the kidney is the quality of the water and due to water pollution. The report from the Environmental Pollution Centers stated liver damage and even cancer (due to DNA damage) are caused by a seried of chemicals (e.g., chlorinated solvents, MTBE) and kidney damage caused by a series of chemicals. Therefore, it is very obvious that water pollution is a very critical issue and it is very damaging to our health. This is a very serious issue that we cannot take it lightly and the impact of it is extremely great. It will also affect the health of our future generation. In order to solve this issue, we have to help ourselves in taking care of our family members and if everyone is doing their parts, the issue of water pollution can at least to reduce to certain extend. As the Article 2 stated that alkaline water can effectively neutralize acids in the blood and tissues. The water is charged with negative ions which function as a potent antioxidant to scavenge free radicals and to neutralize toxic substances in the blood. (Toxins are positively charged). This water offers the body hydration, mineralization, alkalization and detoxification. Japan has heavily researched this water and found it successfully treated cancers, arthritis, immune dysfunction, hangovers, premature aging, tissue detoxification, and protected the body from toxic contamination. Testimonials from users of this microwater/alkalized water claim - disappearance of eczema, pain relief, candida control, better digestion, weight loss, increase in energy, loss of migraines, loss of chronic fatigue, arthritis, MS, depression and many more. Therefore, it is important to each and every household to invest in good water treatment device such as Water Ioner Device. According to Dr. Hidemitsu Hayashi, Director of the Water Institute of Japan: We should prevent disease at the source. To eliminate the pollutants in a large stream that is contaminated at its source, we must work on the problems upstream at the headwater the source of the pollution not downstream where we can only try to treat the evidence of damage caused by the pollution. The contribution of Ionized water as a preventive medicine is an essential upstream treatment.

References 1. Chan Chee Khoon (2012) On thorium and Lynas. The Malaysian Insider. Retrieve from: http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/sideviews/article/on-thorium-and-lynas-chanchee-khoon/ 2. Department of Environmental (2010) River water pollution source. Retrieve sources/ 3. Environmental Pollution Centers (2009) Water pollution dieseases. Retrieve from: http://www.environmentalpollutioncenters.org/water/diseases/ 4. Hidemitsu Hayashi (2012) Getting stated the basics of ionized water. Water Institute of Japan. Retrieved from: http://www.anti-aging-today.org/water/alkaline/ionized-water-hayashi1.htm 5. Lee Bell; David Munut (2012) Rare earth and radiation waste. NSW Australia. National Toxic Network. Retrieve from: http://www.ntn.org.au/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Lynas-EIA-Assessmentfrom: http://www.doe.gov.my/portal/water-marine-river-water/river-water-pollution-

Report-NTN-April-13-final.pdf 6. The Hewo.com (2009) Statistic The numbers speak for the seriousness of curbing chronic kidney disease (CKC). Retrieve from: http://www.hewo.com/hewo2008/article.aspx?id=1376&preview=true

Appendix 1a

Article 1 : Water Pollution Attention for water pollution exploded in the 1980s. The oil spill of the Exxon Valdez showed many around the world just how horrible the effects of water pollution could be. However, even the Exxon Valdez spill barely touched the surface of the problem of water pollution. The ship spilt only 5% of the oil spilt that year, and oil is just one of many pollutants that people dump into the water every year. Every year, 14 billions pounds of sewage, sludge, and garbage are dumped into the world's oceans. 19 trillion gallons of waste also enter the water annually. The problem of ocean pollution affects every nation around the world. This is especially true because water is able to transport pollution from one location to another. For many years, chemicals were dumped into bodies of water without concern. While many countries have now banned such behavior, it continues to go on today. As the world has industrialized and its population has grown, the problem of water pollution has intensified. The simple fact that millions of people live along coastlines and near rivers means that these bodies of water are likely candidates for heavy and destructive pollution. It is hard to know now what our oceans will look like in the future. Just how damaged they will be by pollution is uncertain. One of the reasons that the water pollution problem is so severe is that it is not actually illegal to dump pollutants into water bodies. Sewage, sludge, garbage, and even toxic pollutants are all dumped into the water. Often, governments either do not care or simply look the other way.

Appendix 1b

Even if sewage is treated, problems still arise. Treated sewage forms sludge, which is sent out into the sea and dumped. Many cities and countries dump sewage out at sea. Often, they place it not far from their own coastline, often killing all the sea wildlife in the dumping area. In addition to sewage, chemicals dumped by industries and governments are another major source of water pollution. Oil, such as that spilled by transport ships, has been dumped into the water since the US Civil War. Every year, between 1 and 10 billion tons of oil are spilt, killing many species and destroying the ecosystem in the area. Cleanup efforts have been weak, as only about 10% of the oil is removed by the most successful efforts. The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what chemicals are dumped and in what locations. Boston Harbor is a strong example of how badly pollution can damage bodies of water. The water is filled with toxic waste and sewage, and routinely receives more waste when rainfall pushes it into the harbor. Many bodies of water near urban areas are highly polluted. This is the result of both garbage dumped by individuals and dangerous chemicals legally or illegally dumped by industries. The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water-based ecosystems. Dead fish, birds, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat.

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Appendix 1c

Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels. Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans. Many laws have been created to restrict industries from dumping materials into the water. However, many laws remain weak, and many countries do not restrict water pollution. In the United States, the Clean Water Act was written to completely put an end to all dumping of pollutants into water. The law has not been that effective in many areas, but in other locations, it has achieved its goals. Since the Clean Water Act, other legislation has been enacted as well. Now, eleven different federal government agencies and 21 federal government programs all monitor the quality of water and regulate pollution. The world has spent tremendous sums of money trying to clean up water. From 1972-1990, the US spent over $250 billion. Many non-governmental projects are also being carry out in an effort to clean up the water. Industries are beginning to reduce the amount of chemicals they dump into water, and environmental groups are participating in cleanup projects. The plastics industry, blamed for some of the worst pollution of the water, is making its products degradable. However, many environmentalists think this is hardly enough. Public reaction to the water pollution problem has also been influential. Governments have responded when public anger has risen, such as after the Exxon Valdez accident.
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Appendix 2a

Article 2 : Water The Lubricant of Life One of the main causes of fatigue, toxemia, constipation, and premature aging is simply that most people dont drink enough water. A common statement found in literature everywhere. Water is involved with every metabolic process, electrical exchange, biochemical pathway, physical and mental action in the body. Three quarters of the body is water. Our muscles are 70% water, our blood 82%, bones contain up to 25% water, and our brain 85% water. If your body doesnt get enough water it will have to recycle what it already has, this means it has to re-filter it through the kidneys placing extra burden on them and the liver. Water is the element which extracts nutrients from food, transports them to the blood, replenishes vital fluids, as well as helping detoxify the body. Dehydration is one of the main causes of fluid retention. The body is forced to store water if its not getting enough- the bodys survival mechanism. Dehydration is often the cause of chronic pain, including headaches and arthritis: One, due to the concentration of acids and toxins recirculating in the body; and two, due to drying of the lubricating layer of interfacial tissue, causing friction (rubbing together), tissue inflammation and pain. Proportional to the volume of water that enters the stomach, a hormone / neuro-transmitter motilin is secreted by the intestinal tract and can be measured in circulating blood. Motilin produces rhythmic contractions of the intestines--peristalsis. Therefore dehydration may be the cause of abdominal pain, constipation, and colitis. The osmotic flow of water through the cell membrane can generate hydroelectric energy that is converted and stored in energy pools, being important for all cellular processes including neurotransmission. So how much water should we drink? Many authorities suggest 8-10 glasses per day (2-2.5 litres), but this can vary depending on body size, amount of physical activity and types of foods eaten. I like to suggest 1 litre for every 25kg body weight, but if you suffer any illness, constipation or are detoxifying your body, you should double this quantity.

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Appendix 2b

There are so many different types of water we can drink and this can be a confusing issue for some, so I will discuss some of the different types of water available.

For

complete

comparison

please

download

our

free

water

report.

If you do not have clean water, your body will have to do this for you, along all of its other jobs. We also need healthy water. I mean water that is health promoting and actually good for you. Water authorities across Australia can legally add up to 50 different chemicals to tap water in order to purify it. All matter and energy has a vibration. Its chemistry, structure and electromagnetic vibration will have an effect upon your chemistry, structure and function, electromagnetic vibration and brilliance. Todays tap water is dead water. Its molecular structure and ability to carry chemical elements such as oxygen and nutrients is very poor. Any essential nutrients that may be in the water are most often locked up and bound to chemicals and debris that render them useless or of little benefit. Boiled water--you can evaporate off chlorine and kill some micro-organisms by boiling water. However other chemicals, and all the dissolved solids remain, along with endotoxins from the killed bacteria. These endotoxins can produce pyrogens, which are actually more harmful than the live bacteria they replace. Rain water Raindrops form around air-borne particles. Our air today tends to be so polluted that our rain is less a pure source of uncontaminated drinking water and more a cocktail of sulfuric acid, lead from petrol and diesel fumes, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and benzine derivatives from industry. Spring or mineral water-- basically you get what is coming out of the ground, and this can be quite different for individual springs. This water contains varying quantities of metals, salts of metals and other substances that leach into the underground basins. Aluminum, magnesium, potassium and sodium, as well as their sulfates and chlorides, can be present in widely ranging amounts. The pH level of one bottle I tested was 5.1 and they bragged about it!

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Appendix 2c

This is why in this modern age, it is essential for you to invest in a good water treatment device. There are many good water treatment units on the market. My favorite is the Jupiter Water Ionizer. More than just a filtration system, the Jupiter alkalizes, ionizes and micro-clusters the water. What does that mean? Alkaline water can effectively neutralize acids in the blood and tissues. The water is charged with negative ions which function as a potent antioxidant to scavenge free radicals and to neutralize toxic substances in the blood. (Toxins are positively charged). This water offers the body hydration, mineralization, alkalization and detoxification. Japan has heavily researched this water and found it successfully treated cancers, arthritis, immune dysfunction, hangovers, premature aging, tissue detoxification, and protected the body from toxic contamination. Testimonials from users of this micro-water/alkalized water claim - disappearance of eczema, pain relief, candida control, better digestion, weight loss, increase in energy, loss of migraines, loss of chronic fatigue, arthritis, MS, depression and many more. In the clinic we have seen changes in peoples' blood. Before 'Jupiter' water, Live Blood Analysis showed acid crystals and clumping of various cells. After drinking the water for two weeks, blood showed acid crystals had disappeared.

Those doing an Ultimate Tissue Cleanse / Detox program with colonics have been encouraged to drink the Jupiter water we have here at the clinic; and those who have done the cleanse --both with and without the water -- have noticed many extra benefits.

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