Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

XXXX Bear Creek Hydro Generation Project

System Impact Study

Report No. SPA 2005-27 August, 2005

System Planning (Lower Mainland & Vancouver Island) British Columbia Transmission Corporation
British Columbia Transmission Corporation, 2005. All rights reserved.

Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY, LIMITATION OF LIABILITY This report was prepared by BCTC solely for use by XXXX for the purposes of connecting Bear Creek Hydro IPP into the Transmission System. This report is based on information provided to BCTC as of the date of this report. Accordingly, this report is suitable only for such purposes, and is subject to any changes arising after the date of this report. Unless otherwise expressly agreed by BCTC, BCTC does not represent or warrant the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of this report, or any information contained in this report, for use or consideration by any third party, nor does BCTC accept any liability out of reliance by a third party on this report, or any information contained in this report, or for any errors or omissions in this report. Any use or reliance by third parties is at their own risk.

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

Executive Summary
This report indicates the interconnection cost estimates associated with the interconnection of the proposed 19.3 MW of generation at XXXXs Upper Bear Creek and Lower Bear Creek hydro electric generating facilities. The report also provides a technical review and identifies major requirements to connect the proposed generation to the Transmission System. In order to connect the proposed 19.3 MW of generation at Upper and Lower Bear Creek to the Transmission System, the following requirements are identified: IPP to build a new 138 kV transmission circuit from its generating facilities to a new 138 kV substation next to the Clowhom substation. This new Bear Creek IPP station will share the same ground grid with Clowhom. An overhead tie of no more than 200 meters will tie this new station to Clowhom and power will go into the Transmission System at Clowhoms existing 1L44 connection. Sections of transmission circuit 1L44 must be upgraded to a higher summer thermal rating. Clowhom to Sechelt Creek Tap section must be upgraded to a summer rating of not less than 240 amperes and Sechelt Creek Tap to Sechelt section to a summer rating of not less than 300 amperes. Line protection of 1L44 must be modified to including tripping of the circuit breaker at the entrance to the new Bear Creek IPP station. Bear Creek IPP transformers must have grounded wye HV and delta LV configuration. Communication facilities will be required to enable communication with control centres. In connection with the above, the subsequent Interconnection Facilities Study report and PIR will discuss additional requirements.

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

Table of Content Executive Summary 1.0 2.0 2.1 3.0 4.0 Introduction Purpose of Study Terms of Reference Data and Modeling System Studies 4.1 Steady State Power Flow study 4.2 Short Circuit study 4.3 Transient Stability study 4.4 Protection study 4.5 Remedial Action Schemes 4.6 Black Start Capability Reinforcement and Upgrades Conclusion 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 7 8 8

5.0 6.0

Appendix One-line Diagram: One-line Diagram: One-line Diagram: One-line Diagram: Machine Data; Machine Data: Machine Data: Stability Plot 1: Stability Plot 2: Stability Plot 3: Stability Plot 4: Stability Plot 5: One-line Diagram: Control Diagram: Control Diagram:

Normal System before Bear IPP Normal System after Bear IPP System with Bear IPP, 1L35 out of service System with Bear IPP, 1L32 out of service Salient Pole Generator GENSAL Simplified Excitation System SEXS Hydro Turbine-Governor HYGOV 10 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Upper and Lower Bear near Lower Bear 9 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Lower Bear and Bear Station near Bear station 9 cycle fault on 1L32 between SEC and Gibsons (GIB) near SEC 8 cycle fault on 1L35 between SEC and Malaspina (MSA) near SEC 9 cycle bus fault at SEC Clowhom AC Conceptual Protection Clowhom Generating Station Bear Station BRK

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

1.0

Introduction

XXXX (the IPP) is proposing to develop two hydro electric generating facilities at Upper Bear Creek and Lower Bear Creek in the Clowhom Peninsula region of the Sunshine Coast. These two hydro electric generating facilities are collectively referred to as the Bear Creek Hydro IPP in this report. Upper Bear has a single 13.8 kV 13 MVA hydro generating unit running at 0.9 power factor. The maximum output from this unit is 11.7 MW. Lower Bear has a similar unit rated at 8.5 MVA, with a maximum output of 7.65 MW. The distance between Upper and Lower Bear is 7.5 km. XXXX proposes to build a 138 kV overhead transmission line from Upper Bear to Lower Bear, and extend this line by a further 6.2 km to connect to the Transmission System near the Clowhom substation. The Point of Interconnection is near the Clowhom Generating Station (COM). XXXX will construct a 138 kV Bear Creek (BRK) substation near COM. The tie between COM and BRK substation will not be more than 200 meters. Power generated by Bear Creek Hydro IPP will enter the transmission system by way of the existing COM tie to transmission line 1L44 which runs between COM and Sechelt (SEC). The proposed in service date is September 2006. The following diagram shows the IPP with its proposed generators, new 138 kV transmission circuit, new BRK substation, transmission circuit 1L44, and nearby BCTC substations (COM, SEC and Sechelt Creek IPP (SCG)).
SEC 138 1L44
Transmission System SCG

COM 138

Bear Station

T2 G2 Lower Bear
7.65 MW

Sechelt Creek IPP

(138 kV)

T1

G1 Upper Bear
11.7 MW

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study 2.0 Purpose of Study

August 2005

To ensure safe and reliable operation of the Transmission System with Bear Creek Hydro IPP added to the system, the purpose of this study is to assess the impact on the Transmission System arising from the integration of the IPP. The study identifies Transmission System constraints and proposes required upgrades and reinforcements for the network. The study also identifies the IPP requirements in order to connect to the Transmission System.

2.1

Terms of Reference

This Interconnection Impact Study (IIS) was conducted under the following Terms of Reference: WECC reliability Criteria Existing planning and operating criteria, standards and procedures that conform to WECC Reliability Criteria, to determine necessary transmission system reinforcements have been followed.

Technical Studies The following studies have been performed: Power flow analysis to assess the impacts on transmission network and operating voltage profiles. Transient stability analysis to assess system dynamics performance. Protection study to assess protection requirements for the Transmission System.

Designations The following are BCTC operating designations used throughout this report. Item BC Hydro BC Transmission Corporation XXXX Break Creek Hydro generating station Bear Creek IPP substation next to COM System Control Centre Northern Control Centre South Interior Control Centre Operating Designation BCH BCTC IPP BRK SCC NCC SIC

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Clowhom Generating Station Sechelt Creek IPP Tap Sechelt substation Gibsons 138 kV substation Pender Harbor 138 kV substation Malaspina 138 kV substation 138 kV transmission circuit connecting COM, SCG and SEC 138 kV transmission circuit connecting SEC and GIB 138 kV transmission circuit connecting SEC, PHR and MSA Interconnection Impact Study COM SCG SEC GIB PHR MSA 1L44 1L32 1L35 IIS

August 2005

3.0

Data and Modeling

The study was carried out based on the data and information provided in the IPPs Generation Interconnection Application dated March 1, 2005. The data provided in the Application was used in the analysis and the results of the study are dependent on their accuracy. Whenever there was missing data required for the study, typical data for similar equipment was used. Bear Creek Hydro IPP generating equipment with their respective PSS/E models GENSAL, SEXS and HYGOV, are shown in the appendix. A 2006/07 Heavy Winter load flow base case was used as the basis for the study. For the Clowhom Peninsula where Bear Creek Hydro IPP will be connected, the following assumptions were used: COM generation 33 MW SCG generation 16 MW Upper Bear generation 11.7 MW Lower Bear generation 7.65 MW 1L44 summer rating (COM to SCG) 170 amps 1L44 summer rating (SCG to SEC) 260 amps 1L44 circuit length 37.3 km 4.0 System Studies

Load flow, short circuit and transient stability studies were carried out to evaluate the impact of the IPP on the Transmission System, and to identify the requirements in order to connect the Bear Creek Hydro IPP into the Transmission System.
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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

4.1

Steady State Power Flow Study The IPP connects to the Transmission System via COM. All its generation, together with those from COM and SCG, are evacuated to the main grid via transmission line 1L44. 1L44 runs from COM to SEC, and collects generation from COM and Bear Creek Hydro IPP at COM, and generation for SCG at some point 6 km from COM. There is no customer load on 1L44 between COM and SEC. Loading on the transmission line depends entirely on the output from the generators at COM, SCG and Bear Creek Hydro IPP. The present role of 1L44 is to transfer all the power from the generators connected to this line to the main grid at SEC. The following table shows the existing thermal rating of 1L44, and the flow on 1L44 before and after the integration of Bear Creek Hydro IPP.
1L44 Rating and Flows in Amperes COM-SCG SCG-SEC No IPP With IPP Rating No IPP With IPP 137 220 260 205 288 137 220 440 205 288

Summer Winter

Rating 170 280

It can be concluded from the above table that the summer thermal rating for the entire length of 1L44 will be exceeded when Bear Creek Hydro IPP is added and when all Bear Creek Hydro IPP, COM and SCG generators are generating at their maximum capacity. There is no overloading on 1L44 during the winter for the above scenario. In the event that 1L35 between SEC and MSA or 1L32 between SEC and GIB is out of service, all generation from the Clowhom Peninsula will flow into the grid on the remaining circuit. There is sufficient capacity in the circuit and no overload will occur. No abnormal voltages have been observed. 4.2 Short Circuit Study Three Phase Short Circuit in MVA at the SEC and COM station buses are affected by generation addition. The calculated fault levels are based on existing system with no generation addition and with the proposed generation addition. The calculated fault levels are derived from the Protection Planning ASPEN One Liner Fault Study Case BRK2005_asp2004r2.olr. The power system is modeled with 1.0 pu pre fault voltage, no shunts, and in the subtransient time frame. The generation addition is modeled based on data provided by the customer. IPP generation at Bear Creek Hydro IPP consists of Upper Bear and Lower Bear generators. Upper Bear will have one 13 MVA generator @ 13.8 kV with
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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

subtransient reactance of 1.99% and Lower Bear will have one 8.5 MVA generator @13.8 kV with subtransient reactance of 2%. The IPP transformers are grounded wye on the 138 kV and delta on the 13.8 kV side.

The fault level for the Existing System with no Generation Addition 1. For 3LG Bus fault at SEC 138 kV, Short Circuit MVA = 1145 2. For 3LG Bus fault at COM 138 kV, Short Circuit MVA = 500 3. For 3LG Bus fault at SCG 138 kV, Short Circuit MVA = 545

The fault level for the Existing System with Proposed Generation Addition 1. For 3LG Bus fault at SEC 138 kV, Short Circuit MVA = 1195 2. For 3LG Bus fault at COM 138 kV, Short Circuit MVA = 570 3. For 3LG Bus fault at SCG 138 kV, Short Circuit MVA = 610 The fault level contribution from the proposed IPP generation, in terms of its impact on the Transmission System, is not considered severe. IPP impact on the fault duty of the system does not require any reinforcement. 4.3 Transient Stability Study 1L44 is a radial connection to the main transmission grid for all the generation in the Clowhom Peninsula. When 1L44 is opened due to a fault, or due to a planned operation, all generators in the Clowhom Peninsula must stop generating. For planned line outages, generators must be disconnected from the system before opening the line. For forced outage, existing high speed line protection must trip the breakers at COM and SCG. Since the tie between the new BRK substation and COM is less than 200 meters, and BRK transformers have HV grounded wye, LV delta configuration, existing 1L44 line protection can be modified to include tripping of COM and the breaker at the entrance of the BRK substation. This will avoid the requirement and the cost of a Direct Transfer Trip for the IPP. However, the IPP should have adequate protection for its equipment for such an event. The swing centre is within the IPPs generator and out of step protection is recommended. For transient stability concerns, studies were performed to evaluate the impact on the main system and on the IPP when there is a fault inside the IPP system or in the Transmission System. The following scenarios were investigated, and corresponding findings tabulated: Description 8 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Upper and Lower Bear near Lower Bear 9 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Upper and Lower Bear Stable *Yes Yes

1 2

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

near Lower Bear 10 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Upper and Lower Bear Yes near Lower Bear 8 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Lower Bear and Bear *Yes Station near Bear station 9 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Lower Bear and Bear *Yes Station near Bear station 10 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Lower Bear and Bear No Station near Bear station 12 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Lower Bear and Bear No Station and near Bear station 8 cycle fault on 1L32 between SEC and Gibsons (GIB) near SEC Yes 9 cycle fault on 1L32 between SEC and GIB near SEC Yes 10 cycle fault on 1L32 between SEC and GIB near SEC No 12 cycle fault on 1L32 between SEC and GIB near SEC No 8 cycle fault on 1L35 between SEC and Malaspina (MSA) near SEC Yes 9 cycle fault on 1L35 between SEC and MSA near SEC No 10 cycle fault on 1L35 between SEC and MSA near SEC No 12 cycle fault on 1L35 between SEC and MSA near SEC No 40 cycle fault on 1L32 near GIB No 40 cycle fault on 1L35 near Pender Harbor (PHR) No 6 cycle bus fault at SEC Yes 8 cycle bus fault at SEC Yes 9 cycle bus fault at SEC Yes 10 cycle bus fault at SEC No *Yes Bear IPP generators will be lost, but COM and SCG remains stable Protection Study Assumptions: BRK and COM share the same ground grid, and the overhead tie is not more than 200 meter. BRK transformers have grounded wye on the high side, and delta on the low side. Existing high speed line protection for 1L44 will isolate COM and SCG in the event of a fault resulting in the opening of 1L44. This protection can be modified to include the IPP by tripping the circuit breaker at the entrance to the new Bear station (BRK). No direct transfer trip to the IPP is required.

4.4

4.5

Remedial Action Schemes No generation shedding is required. Black Start Capability BCTC does not require black start capability for the Bear Creek Hydro IPP.
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4.6

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

5.0

Reinforcements and Upgrades The required Transmission System upgrades for Bear Creek Hydro IPP interconnection are described in the Bear Creek IPP Interconnection Facility Study, BCTC SPA Report SPA 2005-33.

6.0

Conclusions 6.1 The Bear Creek Hydro IPP interconnection was found to be technically feasible. 6.2 Sections of 1L44 need to be upgraded to higher summer thermal ratings. 6.3 1L44 line protection needs to be modified to include tripping the BRK entrance circuit breaker in the event of a fault on 1L44. 6.4 No transient or temporary overvoltage problems are observed.

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Appendix One-Line Diagram 1: Normal System before Bear Creek Hydro IPP

August 2005

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study One-Line Diagram 2: Normal System with Bear Creek Hydro IPP

August 2005

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

One-Line Diagram 3: System with Bear Creek Hydro IPP, 1L35 Out of Service

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

One-Line Diagram 4: System with Bear Creek Hydro IPP, 1L32 Out of Service

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

Machine Data Salient Pole Generator (Quadratic Saturation on d-Axis) model GENSAL:

Tdo Tdo Tqo Inertia, H Speed Damping D Xd Xq Xd Xd=Xq X1 S(1.0) S(1.2)

Upper Bear G1 4.24 0.07 0.11 2 1 1.88 1.74 0.299 .199 0.19 0.194 0.194

Lower Bear G2 3.55 0.07 0.11 2 1 1.8 1.7 0.31 0.2 0.19 0.685 0.685

Xd, Xq, Xd, Xd, Xq, X1, H and D are in pu, machine MVA base

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Machine Data Simplified Excitation System model SEXS:

August 2005

TA/TB TB K TE (sec) Emin (pu on EFD base) Emax (pu on EFD base)

Upper Bear G1 1.0 1.0 20 0.5 -3.0 3.0

Lower Bear G2 1.0 1.0 20 0.5 -3.0 3

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Machine Data Hydro Turbine-Governor model HGOV:

August 2005

R, permanent droop R, temporary droop Tr, governor time constant Tf filter time constant Tg servo time constant +/- VELM, gate velocity limit Gmax maximum gate limit Gmin Minimum gate limit Tw water time constant At turbine gain Dturb turbine damping qNL, no load flow

Upper Bear G1 0.05 5 15 0.04 0.2 0.07 1 0 3.5 1.1 0 0.08

Lower Bear G2 0.05 5 15 0.04 0.2 0.07 1 0 3.5 1.1 0 0.08

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

Stability Plot 1:

10 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Upper and Lower Bear near Lower Bear (3)

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Stability Plot 2:

August 2005

9 cycle fault on Bears 138 kV line between Lower Bear and Bear Station near Bear station (5)

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Stability Plot 3: (10)

August 2005

9 cycle fault on 1L32 between SEC and Gibsons (GIB) near SEC

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Stability Plot 4: SEC (8)

August 2005

8 cycle fault on 1L35 between SEC and Malaspina (MSA) near

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Stability Plot 5: 9 cycle bus fault at SEC (11)

August 2005

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study

August 2005

Clowhom AC Conceptual Protection One-line Diagram:

21L

21LS

1CVT1

COM 138 kV
T1 13CB1

1L44

~
COM (BCTC) BRK (IPP) UPPER BEAR LAKE 13 MVA

~ Notes: * Inidicates New Relay

C/S (52L)

~
LOWER BEAR LAKE 8.5 MVA

COM Conceptual AC Protection One Line Diagram BEAR CREEK HYDRO Project Sketch # 1 B.J. Burk July 07 2005

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Control Diagram for Bear Station

August 2005

SIC SCC

LMC
2 status DNP3.0 IED (provided by Bear Creek Hydro IPP) data from both Upper Bear and Lower Bear DDC1 SIC Data Concentrator D20

8 telemetry

By:

G. Jang

Station: DWG No

BRK IPP SK1 SH 1

R0

Scope

Date: 24-June2005

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Bear Creek Hydro IPP Interconnection System Impact Study Control Diagram for Clowhom Generating Station

August 2005

LMC
4 new telemetry BCH legacy protocol COM S223/T119 STIC new relay alarms SIC 1 status

Edmonds (Remote Data Access)

SEL protocol

New SEL-203X (at COM)

2 new relays

By:

G. Jang

Station: DWG No

COM

Scope

Date: 08-July2005

SK2 SH 1

R0

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