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Contents..................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction: ........................................................................................................... 2 History of NGO in Bangladesh:.................................................................................2 Services provided to the target group and to the wider community: .......................2 Functions of NGO: ................................................................................................... 3 Some of the merits of NGO:......................................................................................3 Demerits of NGO:.....................................................................................................4 Poverty reduction and NGO programs in Bangladesh:..............................................4 Conclusion:.............................................................................................................. 6 Source:.................................................................................................................... 7
Introduction:
Definition of NGO: Autonomous bodies of individuals form voluntarily, to pursue some common goals, general and specific with support from private state, local or international institution.
Functions of NGO:
Credit Employment generation Women development Non-formal education Political participation Health and nutrition knowledge Family planning Environment
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Demerits of NGO:
1. Limited responsibility. 2. Limited self sustainability. 3. Limited technical capacity. 4. Lack of broad programming content. 5. Limited ability to reach the poorest segment of the society. 6. Inability to scale up activities. 7. Dependency to donors. 8. Paternalistic approach. 9. Centralized operation.
and increasing losses by government owned enterprises are threatening both government budgets and national economic growth. A lack of public confidence in the integrity and efficiency of the countrys political and administrative institutions is hindering healthy economic activity, and a population growth rate which remains unsustainable is threatening to erode past progress. For Bangladesh to continue on its current path of reducing poverty and improving living conditions, it will need to sustain macroeconomic growth at levels higher than in the past; reform public institutions; improve social services; and make stronger efforts to increase participation in the economy by the countrys poorest people (ibid). NGO approach to poverty alleviation and human development in Bangladesh includes innovative approaches like conscientization, holistic and minimalist (Newaz:2003). According to the conscientization approach, the roots of poverty are disorganized social, economic and political lives. It requires a long term solution to reduce poverty. So, the awareness building programs of NGOs have opportunities to work meaning fully in this respect. The holistic approach programs require focusing on non-formal education, social and political awareness building and political mobilization to confront patriarchal power structure, particularly for women, to address the gender subordination. On the other hand, the minimalist approach supports providing credit within minimal training or other supplementary support services. Because, it is assumed that the rural poor need more than consciousness, they need Material assistance to help them generate income. It is estimated that nearly 80% of the villages in Bangladesh are now covered under NGO activities but not necessarily 80% of the poor who need help. About 1,000 NGOs are engaged in microfinance operations. The overwhelming majority of these NGOs are small: the few large NGOs are BRAC, PROSHIKA AND ASA. BRAC happens to be the largest NGO in the world today. About 95% of micro credit disbursed by the NGOs in the rural areas. As of June 1999, the total number of active members benefiting from
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NGO programs stood at 8.7 millions, 85% of the beneficiaries being women. Micro-credit is provided to the poor for self-employment, income generating activities, afforestation and other poverty alleviating programs (internet source).
Conclusion:
The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which range from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread of HIV/AIDS and providing universal primary education, promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child morality, improve maternal health, ensure environmental sustainability, development a global partnership for development all by the target date of 2015 form a blueprint agreed to by all the worlds countries and all the worlds leading development institutions. They have galvanized unprecedented efforts to meet the needs of the worlds poorest. These
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have been considering as the pivot of
developing in the world as in Bangladesh centering poverty reduction. In Bangladesh all development activities as well as programs of government (GOB) and NGOs are projecting in line with MDGs. It is not accurate that people of very corner of Bangladesh simultaneously face all the challenges to overcome poverty. Particular poverty reduction programs in particular area for particular people are feasible to reduce poverty. The challenge is especially for the small scale local NGOs to take action in this way. The locally organized or even some big NGOs fighting against poverty may not give a positive result unless their programs are not set forth matching with the particular needs of particular people in a particular area.
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Source:
Newspaper. Discussions
iv.
v. Television.