MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SCHEME FOR WATER WORKS

CVE 415 ASSIGNMENT

PRESENTED BY GROUP 11

NAMES OF GROUP MEMBERS

MAT. NUMBER

AGHATISE OSADEBAMWEN NGBEKEN JULIET EBIOSE OSAYAMEN NOSAKHARE URHOBOTIE EJIRO OJIGBO RUKEVWE

ENG0701804 ENG0701854 ENG0604197 ENG0701915 ENG0701878

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF BENIN, BENIN CITY

ABSTRACT
This paper describes maintenance management scheme for water works. It begins by elucidating the availability as well as the importance of water to all lives on the planet earth. It further defines, and explains the role of water works (utility) in the delivery of safe and portable water that could be used. The article also examines the maintenance management scheme for these works, by analysing its concept as well as the scenarios involved in proffering an effective and a sustainable performance of such assets. It presents the various maintenance activities carried out on water works in two broad categories such as the preventive and the remedial maintenance.

INTRODUCTION OF RESEARCH CONTEXT

Water is essential resources for all lives on the planet earth. It is spread on two-third of the earth but most of it is not useful for direct human consumption, simply because about 2.14% of it is available as ice on the pole and the glaciers. The largest store is ocean with useless saline, brackish water (total dissolved solids more than 5000 ppm) having 97.24% total water. Meanwhile the total available fresh water that can be used for irrigation and drinking is about 0.62% and such would have to be made free of any dissolved sold before it can be safe for drinking by subjecting through a thorough purification process, also because of the purity of surface water sources and the non availability of good quality water (acceptable as per health norms) water has to be carried from a long distance. All this process can only be made possible through the use of water works. Sequel to the use of water works for the delivering of potable water, regular maintenance of such water works (utilities) equipments and facilities is absolutely critical to the utilitys mission of delivering safe drinking water non-stop year-in and year-out. Following constructions/acquisition of new assets, for water works, maintenance is the single most important assets management activity that will keep this assets working as intended for the remainder or their working life. Too often, though, maintenance and in particular present maintenance is neglected for various reasons leading to premature failure and/or reinvestment in new infrastructures to provide a continuity of pipe water to the water utilitys customer.

KEYWORDS:
The following are the key terms in this Research: 1.

Water Works (utilities): this maybe defined as a water

Water storage facilities such as a reservoir (fig: 1a) (i.e. a place where anything especially where water is kept in stores, in other words it is a place where water is collected and kept for use when wanted as to supply a fountain, a canal, a city by means of an aqueduct-fig: 1b), water tanks, or water towers
(fig: 1c); it includes a pump (i.e. a device for moving or

supply system of a town etc. Including:

compressing a liquid or gas). Smaller water systems may store the water in cisterns or pressure-vessel (tall building may also need to store water locally in pressure-vessel in other for water to reach the upper floor).

Fig: 1a Reservoir

Fig: 1b An Aqueduct

Fig: 1c Water Tower

a drainage basin A raw (untreated) water collection point (fig: 2) (above or below ground) where the water accumulates; such as lakes, a river or ground water from an underground aquifer. Untreated drinking water (usually water being transferred to the water purification facilities) may be transferred using uncovered ground level aqueducts, Covered tunnels or underground water pipes.

Fig: 2 Raw Untreated Water Collection Point Water purification facilities: here treated water is

transferred using water pipes (usually underground).

Fig: 3 Water Treatment Plant

 Additional water pressurizing component such as pumping stations. This may be situated at the outlet of underground or above ground reservoirs or cistern (if gravity flow is impractical).

Fig: 4 Water Pressurising Component A pipe network for the distribution of water to the consumer (which may be private houses or an industrial, commercial or institutional establishment) and other usage points (such as fire hydrants).

Fig:

 Connection to the sewers (underground pipes or above ground ditches in some enhanced environmental management of water ways which is affected by regulating water use, environmental impact appraisals and management plans, water works licensing and the issuing of sand and gravel permit.

Fig: 6 Above Ground Sewer Pipe

2.

Maintenance/Management: this may be defined as an

intermittent effort developed through strategic planning as a total system approach in maintaining the performance and serviceability of water utilities. Such is usually sub-divided into several departments such as:

a). the production department which is responsible for

operation and maintenance of the plants and the reservoirs.

b). the network department which is responsible for

maintenance and repair of the network.

c). the quality control department responsible for sampling and

laboratory analysis.

THE CONCEPT OF WATER-works maintenance MANAGEMENT SCHEME (wmms)

Water Works maintenance management scheme (WMMS) may be defined in terms of a database containing information on the water infrastructures at a certain region and reference year at which the implementation of scenarios and strategies begins. A is always present serving as input for the creation of new (WMMS).

An empty sedimentation tank at the treat m e nt plant in Merchtem, Belgium.

This WMMS is designed through strategic planning, developing, distributing as a total system approach of water works management. It involves elements of control from the time of water withdrawal from the well or reservoir through use to disposal. The decision making processes associated with utilization of water resources are very complex and requires a thorough consideration and analysis. A shift sectoral towards a approach holistic to water works to maintenance fragment and and

management has been and still is dominant, but there is need for a approach avoid uncoordinated policies.

There are variety of approaches and tools to support and make decision in maintenance management scheme (MMS) this ranges from Paper records and the skills and knowledge of experienced operations and maintenance (O and M) to simple spread sheet and database systems supporting manual decision, and then right up to top of the line, fully computerized integrated MMS. Obviously, the latter, (i.e. fully computerized integrated MMS) are expensive and the former relatively cheap.

Water Treatment Plant

All of them in one form or another are processing information about how our water supply system are working and making decisions about what, when and where various maintenance actions should be undertaking, and how this can be done given the resources of the water works (utility). The more information that is available, the better the maintenance management decisions can be. It does not necessarily need a computer; making a decision but it does need informed operations and maintenance (O and M) manages how appropriate information and at least a few simple tools to help him or her make better decisions.

A Systematic Way Of Implementing Maintenance Management Scheme For Water Works

There a many different kinds of maintenance activities for different components of water supply systems requiring: different

activities, different skills, and different resources to address the individual maintenance requirements. These will be broadly
looked at in two major categories as follows: 1. Preventive maintenance 2. Remedial maintenance Preventive Maintenance: For preventive Maintenance you know in advance when the activity is required from sources of information such as: The suppliers information Codes of practices for regulated activities Good practices guidelines such as for NRW management and of Maintenance schedules that the utility works out for itself to

course. keep its water supply in a good working order. Remedial Maintenance: For remedial maintenance, these activities are unexpected either because of some unforeseen circumstances and/or because of the accumulated impact of a lack of preventive maintenance. When this event happens they often come into the water utility as an emergency of perceived high porosity. In reality this may or may not be so, depending on system redundancy (e.g. standby pumps). In the extreme this may activate an emergency response plan or disaster response plan

Fig: 7

Particularly when the unexpected remedial events occur, the water utility is faced with the choice of how it decides to allocate priorities and resources. The reality is that in the short term, often the prevent maintenance had deferred while remedial maintenance are taken and then this is a catch up with the preventive maintenance task. This is a key issue in maintenance scheduling it is not enough to have a work program; it has to be flexible enough to handle the unexpected.

When resources are limited, compromises can be made on the preventive maintenance task but eventually it catches-up and usually the cost of the resulting catch-up is more than if the preventive maintenance task had been undertaken as scheduled. This is the key principle of life cycle costing to have done the home

work and worked out what is the appropriate level of preventive maintenance. Some failures/performance short falls of system components are very difficult to predict and preventative maintenance is not applicable e.g. water main repairs. For these activities, preventive maintenance may be inappropriate. On the other hand for other activities such as servicing of plants and equipments, preventive maintenance is highly programmable. Monitoring activities such as leak detections are highly programmable and there is no excuse for not doing these unless there are simply not enough resources to undertake these activities.

SCENARIOS IN WMMS
A of well defined steps is required to set up and monitor the control strategy they are as follows: Define the objective of the operation strategy: this takes into account an assessment of control measures that can be applied and identify whether current practice is sufficiently adequate to respond to potential incidents. The feasibility of introducing new control measures can be considered along with revision of those already being used by the water company. Apply suitable performance measures to assess the effectiveness of the improvement strategy. The effectiveness of the control measure has to be demonstrated to ensure that it is being properly implemented. Consequently some form of operational monitoring is required to check that the desired level of service is being consistently achieved. Operational monitoring may take the form of monitoring water quality to ensure compliance with the statutory monitoring parameters, inspection of the assets to make sure that the integrity of the infrastructure is secured and that equipment is properly functioning as well as audit to check that the procedure are actually being implemented. Set-up a suitable monitoring and decision framework in place to determine the success of the strategy. The type and frequency that is required will depend on the nature of the

control measure being applied and the particular incidents being managed with regard to its seriousness and potential impact. Each of these operational monitoring requires thresholds which are used to determine whether the control measure is having the desired effect. Routine inspection of the outcome from monitoring program is carried out to determine whether it provides the data that is needed to test the effectiveness of the control measure and that the required targets are being met.

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES
1). Supervision of source protection areas 2). General system monitoring and control 3). Stand-by duties and risk management 4). Documentation, data collection, record keeping and data processing (including management and operation of information systems). 5). Water quality monitoring sampling and analysing 6).water loss management 7).operational acceptance of new plants networks and equipment

8). Re-commissioning of system after shut down. 9). System inspection and leak detection. 10). Regular maintenance checks or service activities. 11). Cleaning repairs. Refurbishments and 12). Regular meter replacements and maintenance.

CONCLUSION
The research discussed in this paper is focused on the of maintenance management scheme for water works as it: 1. Aids the utilitys mission in the delivery of safe drinking water non-stop, year-in and year-out. 2. Helps to establish an effective monitoring activity on the performance of water works.

REFERENCES:

1. www.environmental-expert.com/result... 2. eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/water_supply_ 3. Slobodan P. Simonovic and Shohan S. Ahmad A New Method for Spatial Analysis of Risk in Water Resources Engineering Management. Department of Civil Engineering. The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario Canada N6A 5B9. 4. Reservoir-wikipedia. The free encyclopedia.htm. 5. Water management wikipedia, the free encycopedia.htm 6. http:www.archive.org/detail/waterworks managol-kiergoog. 7. www.durhamcountync.gov/departments/ceng/Waste...

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We gratefully express our thanks to God almighty by whose grace and mercies this research work was made possible. We also appreciate our amiable lecturer, Dr. H. A. Audu under whose tutelage we have embarked on a research of the kind.