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;i!Lz2LG4@TECHNICAL NOTES . ..NATIONAL ADVIS!3RYCKXM1TTEE ~I#RAZRONKJTICS.

SOlm TABLES OF THE FACTOR 05 APPM3ENT ADDITIONAL MASS. 4 By Max M. Munk.

July, 1924*

NATIONAL ,ADVISORYCOMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS. TECHNICAL NOTE ?S0.197. SOME TABLES OF THE FACTOR OF APPARENT ADDITIONAL l&WS. By
k.X

M. Munk.

summary This note, prepared for publication by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, is a collection of the tables of the factor of
apparent ~a8s ~~at have
of

~ee~
solids

pu~lished
in a

up to now.

The theory of the motion we

perfect fluid is of

greatest value for the study of most aerodynamic problems, solid is the most
computa-

and the additional apparent mass of an immersed

i~oi?tant characteristic for such theoretical numerical tions. It


will

therefore be helpful to have the most important

values of the apparent mass - for some elementary cases - collected in a convenient form-

Two-dimensional flows. 1. Straight line, length = #

1----.----1

Additional apparent transverse mass =Paz; (P denotes the density of air.) Source: Ref. 1-

N.P.-C.A.Technical Note No. 19? 2. Circle, diameter = a inass =


P

Additional

a2 Ref. 1

. O 1-l
a

3.

Ellipse, moving at right angles to a principal axis a.


l-l

Adc%itional apparent mass

a2z

pd
as

Souzce: Ref. 1 4. Pair of straight parallel lines, Length = a, distance = h.

(No stagger.) apparent transverse mass = P a2

Table of

(
t t

h/a = O k=l

0=05 1-123 0.46

0.10

1.212 0.56 1.67 2.87 0.64 1.71 I 5.76 0.79 I*77


I

1.550 0.98 1.83 57.?


1*11

1.626

{h/a = 0.39 k=

1.55 : 1.60

1.86
,

i h/a = 1.461 2.02 ;

13.88

k = 1.91I1.94

1.94

1*99

j 1.99 I 2-00

Source: Ref. 2 and 3

N=A.C.A. Technical Note No. 1S7 .-

5. Rectangle, moving at r~ght angles to its major side.

Sum of apparent mss andof the mss the fluid disp~aced by tlherectangle = P aa ~ .k.

Table of

k 0.20 1.471 0.30 1.664 0.40 1.855 O*5O 2.000

,T
6. Wtion

0,10

0.15

1.271 I 1.374 1.
Souz ce:

Ref. 2

Three-dimensiond flows. Ellipsoid of revolution. parallel to axis of revel-~tion.


q

Aiiditi onal apparent mass = P Volume

k ~.

Motion at right angles to axis of revolution. Additional apparent mass = P Volume . ka. Rotation about longest diameter. Additional apparent moment of ineztia = kl w moment of inertia of displaced fluid.

.- ... . . .

N.A.C-A. Technical Note No. 197


.

Table of Length Diameter 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.51 2.99 3.99 4.99 6.01 6.97 8.01 9.02 9.97 co kz

kl, k= and k!.


- kl
k?

0.5 .621 .702 .763 .803 -860 .895 .918 .933 *945 .954 .960 1.000

O*5 .305 .209 .156 .122


q

o
.094 .240 .367 .465 .608 .701 .764 .805 .840 .865 -883

082 059 045

.036 *029 .024 =021 0

1.000

Source. Ref. 4

N.A.C.A. Technical Note No. 197


7 ,.

Eliiptic disp, Major axis = 2a,

a~ l+.< Minor axis = 2b. k.

4 Apparent additional transverse mass = p a h2 - ~~


Table for bla = 1 { k= h!a = I 1 k= b/a = ,[ k= .637 .500 -826 .167 .964 I ~ \ t I .899 .671 .399 .870 .125 .978

.799 I
I ! .704 .1 .301 .912 .1011 . 9e4

.695

.602

.746 .250 .933 0 1 000


q

.781 -199 .952

Source: Computed from Dr. L. E. Tuckermanls formula Ref - 5.

N.A.C.A. Technical Note

No.

19?

Remarks

on

the,

Frectiinq Tables.

..

The qplication of he factors of ap~ar~mt mass has been discussed in Ref. 6, 7 and 8. discs does not
occur

Only the apparent wsss 05 elliptic

there. This knowlecigeis of use in connec-

tion with the wing section theor~. It is customary to assune the flow around a wing section to be twodimensional, and to compute the 1ift and moment therefrem. Since the moment is proportional to the difference of the appar ent masses for the two principal directions, this assumption gives too large values. A wing of finite aspect ~atio has a smaller maximum factor of apparent me.s than a section of a wing of infis nite aspect ratio of the same size. Table 7 gi~es a good a~roximation of the correction factor, primarily for elliFti plan form, but also a good indication for c other plan forms. The same correction applies to the lift crested. This fol-

10WS from the fact that for ellipsoids the factors of apparent mass indicate also the maximum velocity of flow, and henee the magnitude of the velocity near the rear edge, neutralized by we circulation flow (Ref. 7 and 9). Hence the relation between the moment and the lift is not greatly changed by the finite aspect ratio, but the effective angle of attack required for a certain lift becomes somewhat
,

larger due to the.finite aspect ratio.

N-A~OSA= Technical Note No. 197

List of References.
1. 2. 3. 4.
~OTaCe

Lamb:

lHydrodynami Cs.]f

L. prandtl: llTragflue@ Theorie,tl 2nd Kitteilung > G~ttingen, 1919.


W. M. Kutta: llUeherebene Circulation
Horace

Stroemungen nebst flugtechnischen Anwendu~gen.11 Muenchen, 1911.

Lamb:

The Inertia Coefficients of an Ellipsoid Moving in Fluid.lf British Reports and Memoranda ITo.623.

-.

5, 6.

L. B. ~cker~n: llInertia Factors of Ellipsoids for Use in Airship Design.tt


&X

M. Munk: lThe Aerodynamic Forces orIAirship HUIlS_I1 N.A.C-A. Technical Report No, 184. the Wing Theory.n N.A.C.A. Technical Report No. 191.

M&f b!- Munk: Elements of the Wing Section Theory and of

8. 9*

Max M. Munk: The Drag of Zeppelin Airships.~r N-A.C.A. Te&nical Report No. 117. . Max M. Munk: lRemarks on the Pressure Distribution over an Ellipsoid.[l N.A-C=A. Technical Note No. 196

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