PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY II-YEAR B.

PHARM

10 MARKS QUESTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. Discuss in detail the methods of maintenance and preservation of pure culture a) Write the method of production of Poliomyelitis and Cholera Vaccines b) Outline the method of standardization of sera with suitable example (5+5) Explain the method of production and standardization of Rabies and BCG vaccine Explain Validation of Sterilization Process in detail giving reference to Microbial Death Kinetic Terms and F value

5. Discuss how DNA recombinant technology is applied in the manufacture of Hepatitis B vaccine and Thyroid Stimulating Harmone 6. a) Discuss the general methods adopted to carry out microbiological assay of Antibiotics b) Write a note on precipitation reaction (6+4) 7. Explain in detail the production of Cyanocobalamine and Riboflavin by Fermentation technology 8. Write the principle and procedure involved in the microbial assay of Vit B and Streptomycin 9. Explain different staining techniques and their importance in the identification of microorganisms 10. a) Elaborate on different types of media b) Explain in detail the method of cultivation of anaerobic bacteria 11. Discuss the different techniques applied to measure the bacterial growth. In detail 12. a) Explain the methods of isolating pure culture b) Write a note on colony characteristics of bacteria 13. Explain any two techniques for cultivation of virus in the laboratory (7+3) (5+5)

14. Draw a neat labeled diagram of pressure steam sterilizer (autoclave). Explain the Principle and procedure of moist heat sterilization. Write its merits and demerits 15. Explain in detail different methods of developing strains Write a note on cosmids 16. a) Explain the method of production of Dipheria Endotoxin b) Discuss the method of production of Insulin from DNA recombinant technology 17. Elaborate on antigen-antibody reactions. Write the structure of IgM and write its Role in immunity 18. Outline the procedure for industrial production of Penicillin and Streptomycin (7+3)

5 MARKS QUESTIONS 19. Discuss Whittakers five kingdom classification scheme 20. Draw a graph of bacterial growth curve and discuss the various phases 21. Write a note on cultural characteristics of bacteria 22. Explain transduction 23. Give a brief account on mutation and its consequences 24. Differentiate between plasmids and cosmids. Describe Plasmids 25. Explain transcription 26. Discuss the various steps involved in conjugation 27. Discuss viral multiplication cycle 28. Classify chemical antimicrobial agents. Give an account on Phenol-Coefficient 29. Explain any one method in detail for the evaluation of antimicrobial agent 30. Describe five modes of antimicrobial activity exhibited by chemical antimicrobials with examples 31. Discuss the methods of sterility testing 32. Write briefly on protoplast fusion and its application 33. Write a note on hybridoma technique and its applications 34. Discuss briefly on legislation concerning use of rDNA drugs and intellectual property rights 35. Explain the following tests briefly a) ELISA b) Western blot 36. Indicate the purpose of Shick test and Southern blot tests. Write the principle involved in each tests 37. Write the method of isolation of plasmids and outline its importance 38. Write the standardization method for DPT 39. Write a note on Restriction Endonuclease 40. Discuss the technique of Total and Viable count of bacteria 41. Write a note indicators used for evaluating the sterilization process with examples

42. Write the method of sterility testing for aqueous preparations 43. How do you carry out the sensitivity testing for antibiotics 44. Write briefly on gaseous sterilization 45. Explain the method for production on interleukins by r DNA 46. Diagrammatically represent the bacterial cell and virus giving reference to the functions of their important components 47. Write a note on bacteriological filters 48. List out different kinds of radiations used for sterilization. Comment on practical application of each with the mechanism of actions 49. Write a note on immunodeficiency disorder 50. Write the mode of action of Chlorine and Quarternay ammonium compounds as antimicrobials 51. Discuss briefly on the major conditions influencing the activation of antimicrobials

2 MARKS QUESTIONS 52. Differentiate between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell 53. Classify bacteria on the basis of Bergys Manual of Systemic Bacteriology 54. What are Protists 55. What are the contributions of Robert Koch and Lewis Pasteur to microbiology 56. Define a) Phylogenetic b) Bacterial strain c) Pure culture d) Pathogenicity 57. List out the major kinds of microbial characteristics 58. Differente between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria 59. Write a note on simple staining 60. Write a note on Dark field microscopy 61. What is the importance of phase contrast microscopy 62. What is the function of flagella in bacteria 63. what are the functions pilli 64. Define bacterial Spores and Cysts] 65. What is bacterial chemotaxis 66. Distinguish between Autotrophs and Heterotrophs 67. Differentiate between LIthotrophs and Organotrophs 68. What is Synchronus growth 69. What is chromogenesis 70. Differentiate Genotypic and Phenotypic changes 71. What are transposons 72. What are Sphirochetes 73. Copare the physiology of fungi with that of bacteria 74. Define Bacteriophage. 75. Write a note on viroid 76. Define Thermal Death Time and Decimal Reduction Time 77. Distinguish between Sterilization and Disinfection 78. Define a) virulence b) attenuated strains 79. Differentiate between Toxins and Toxoids

80. Provide an account of the general structure of in immunoglobin molecule 81. Write the role of IgG and IgM in immunity 82. What is monoclonal antibody. Write its importance 83. What are cell lines 84. What is hemagglutination test and write its importance 85. Differentiate between Exotoxins and Endotoxins 86. Write a note on Enrichment media and its importance 87. What is the importance of selective media. Give example 88. Differentiate between algae and fungi 89. What are the contributions of Edward Jenner and Thodar Shwann to microbiology 90. Give example for a) Fungicidal b) Virucidal c) Bacteriostatic d) Disinfectant 91. Write pharmaceutical applications of rDNA 92. Define a) Vaccine b) Sera c) Gene d)a Phototrophs 93. A disinfectant is found to have a phenol coefficient 3.0 What does it mean 94. What is R.W.C. Write its applications. 95. Write the applications of florescence microscopy 96. Write the functions of bacterial capsule 97. What is the mode on which Whattekar classified living organisms 98. Write the structure of virion and its functions 99. What is the mechanism of action of ethylene dioxide as sterilizing agent 100. What are Fermicutes