Electrical Power- Transformers theory questions 1.

(a) Show from first principles the relationship between turns ratio ( ), voltage ratio ( ) and current ratio ( ). 2. Identify with aid of diagrams the core construction of the two types of double-wound transformers and explain their differences. 3. Explain what is meant by fringing 4. Explain how the iron (core) loss is developed in a transformer. 5. Explain how the Cu. (I2R) loss is developed in a transformer. 6. State the condition for maximum efficiency in a transformer. 7. Sketch and explain the equivalent circuit of a transformer: (a) On load (b) On no-load 8. Define voltage regulation of a transformer. 9. (a) Sketch and explain the sandwich type construction for transformer. 10. (c) State its main advantage over the concentric type Sketch and explain the following: (a) Open circuit test (b) Short circuit test State the purpose of each of the tests mentioned above. Identify two methods to reduce the iron loss in a transformer. State the relationship between load, power factor and efficiency of a transformer. (a)Explain how iron loss varies with load. (c) Explain how copper loss varies with load Sketch phasor diagram for the following as it relates to transformers: (a) No-load (b) On-load Sketch and explain the distribution of currents in an auto-transformer. Identify (3) advantages and (1) disadvantage of the auto-transformer compared to the doublewound transformer. Explain (1) advantage of the shell type core construction compared to the core type. State two suitable uses of an auto-transformer. Identify the relationship between the secondary voltage of a transformer between no-load and full-load. Explain why an auto-transformer with a high voltage transformation ratio is not suitable for certain applications.

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