CHAPTER 9 Question 8 The following sample was obtained from a population with unknown parameters.

Scores: 6 12 0 3 4

a. compute the sample mean and standard deviation ( I found the sample mean (5) but I can't seem to get the right answer for the standard deviation)

b. Compute the estimated standard error for M. Question 14 Many Animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and eve patterns that look like eyes. Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on their wings to help ward off predators. Scaife reports a study examining how eye-spot patterns affect the behavior of birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eye spots were painted on the wall. The other chamber had plain walls. The researcher recorded the amount of tie each bird spent in the pain chamber during a 60 minute period. Suppose the study produced a mean of M=37 minutes on the pain chamber with SS=288 for a sample of n=9 birds. (note if the eye spots have no effect, then the bird should spend an average of =30 minutes in each chamber.) a. Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eye-spots have a significant influence on the birds behavior? Use a two-tailed test with =.05. b. Compute the estimated Cohens d to measure the size of the treatment effect. c. Write a sentence that demonstrates how the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report Question 22 In studies examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin found that an individuals sense of humor had a significant effect on how the individual was perceived by others. In one part of the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner. The fictious male was described positively as being single, ambitious and having good job prospects. For one group of participants, the description also said that he had a good sense of humor. For another group it said that he had no sense of humor. After reading the description, each participant was asked to rate the attractiveness of the man on a seven-point scale from 1 (very attractive) to 7 (very unattractive). A score of 4 indicates a neutral rating.

a. The female who read the great sense of humor description gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M=4.53 with a standard deviation of s=1.04. If the sample consisted of n=16 participants, sit he average rating significantly higher than neutral (=4)? Use a one-tailed test with =.05. b. The females who read the description saying no sense of humor gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M=3.30 with a standard deviation of s=1.18. If the sample consisted of n=16 participants, is the average rating significantly lower than neutral (=4)? Use a one-tailed test with =.05.

CHAPTER 10 Question 8 As noted on page 281, when the two population means are equal, the estimated standard error for the independent-measures t test provides a measure of how much difference to expect between two sample means. For each of the following situations, assume the 1=2 and calculate how much difference should be expected between the two sample means. a. One sample has n=8 with SS=45 and the second has n=4 scores with SS=15. b. One sample has n=8 scores with SS=150 and the second sample has n=4 scores with SS=90. c. In part b, the samples have larger variability (bigger SS value) than in part a, but the sample sizes are unchanged. How does larger variability affect the size of the standard error for the sample mean difference? Question 10 Two separate samples receive two different treatments. The first sample has n=9 with SS=710, and the second has n=6 with SS=460. a.Compute the pooled variance for the two samples b. Calculate the estimated standard error for the sample mean difference c. If the sample mean difference is 10 points is this enough to reject the null hypothesis using a twotailed test with =.05? d. If the sample mean difference is 13 points, is this enough to reject the null hypothesis using a twotailed test with =.05?

Question 14a A researcher conducts an independent-measure study comparing two treatments and reports the t statistic as t(30)=2.085. a. How many individuals participated in the entire study? Question 16a and c In a study examining overweight and obese college football players it was found that on average both offensive and defensive linemen exceeded the at-risk criterion for body mass index (BMI). BMI is the ratio of body weight to height squared and is commonly used to classify people as overweight or obese. Any value greater than 30 kg/m2 is considered to be at risk. In the study, a sample of n=17 offensive linemen average M=4.0. A sample of n=19 defensive linemen average M=31.9 with s=3.5 a. Use a single-sample t test to determine whether the offensive linemen are significantly above the atrisk criterion for BMI. Use a one-tailed test with =.01 c. use an independent-measure t test to determine whether there is a significant difference between the offensive linemen and the defensive linemen. Use a two-tailed test with =.01.