Smart Grid :

Advantages & Economics

Presented By
Aniket Prabhudesai
(Reliance Infra)

Abhijeetsingh Hazare
(Edgesys Inc)

Dnyaneshwar Patil
(Tata Power)

Rajesh Parab
(Reliance Infra)

Makarand Tawade
(Tata Power)

Students of Post Graduate Diploma in Electricity Regulation (Year 2010 2011 - Batch - 2) Jointly Conducted By World Trade Institute & Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission

Flow of Presentation
The Evolution of Smart Grids The Smart Grid Concept Driving Forces & Objectives

Traditional Vs Smart Grid

Smart Grid Characteristics

Smart Gird The Big Picture & Standards

Benefits & Barriers in Implementation

Global Scenario, Investments, Stimulus, Market Players

Smart Grid The Indian Scenario

Proposal for Pilot Implementation of Smart Grid

Lets learn how to save electricity..

The Evolution of Smart Grids

We will make light so cheap that Only Rich will be able to use Candles - Thomas Edison (1884)

Revitalization : Edison Vs Graham Bell

Graham Bell 21th Century

19th Century

Revitalization : Edison Vs Graham Bell

Thomas Edison 21th Century

19th Century

The Isolated Grid

The Interconnected Grid

Issues with the current Grid Operations

Many Analog & Electro Mechanical legacy systems (prone to failures & black outs) Centralized Generation disseminated via a relatively passive limited control & limited two- way communication between utilities & end users Customers have to inform about power outages to the utility High T&D losses: 10-50% (Theft & inefficiencies)

How can we address these Issues ? We now have an Answer

Why do we need a Smart Grid?

Customer Satisfaction Demand Response Operational Efficiency

Renewable Resources / Green House gases

Smart Grid
Aging

Aging Workforce

Infrastructure

Power Quality Supply Reliability

The Smart Grid Concept

Energy markets are set for a similar, seismic transformation. The smart grid aspects of which are powered by exactly the same technology that underpins the internet will change the way we see energy provision forever.. Published by www.greenbang.com

Smart Grid concept

Electricity grid since the 19th century has worked as a one way vehicle bringing power from large scale generation to consumers Electricity system has remained essentially the same over the past 100 years, except for the introduction of nuclear power. Winds of change are blowing where Technological innovation is causing a paradigm shift which will enable a two way flow of electricity and information in our electricity grid. Change is being driven by Climate Resource Environt. Political Innovation change Constraints issues pressure capabilities concern Smart Grid will modernize the electricity system to serve the digital age through: Reliable, Integrated, Efficient system & consumer Participation. Smart Grid is the name given to the new electricity system which will emerge from this paradigm shift

Smart Grid One Definition

The Smart Grid is defined as the system that delivers electricity from suppliers to prosumers (Producer + Consumer) using digital technology to save energy, reduce cost, and increase reliability and transparency.
Or in other words

A transformed T&D grid, that uses Robust two-way communications, Advanced sensors and distributed computers to improve the efficiency, reliability and safety of power delivery and use. Two Way communication network

Smart Grid The Conceptual Model

Driving Forces & Objectives

If it weren't for electricity we'd all be watching television by candlelight. By George Gobal

Driving Forces
Advance Metering Infrastructure & Info. & Comm. Technology Lack of reactive power support GHG reduction & monitoring Green Energy

Climate Impact

EU & US Climate change legislation

Technology Evaluation

Regulatory Mandate

Energy bill reduction Low metering and collection efficiency Higher losses

Smart Grid
Customer Need Ageing Grid and Reliability Future Gen Mix
Inefficient generation, Renewable, Distributed Generation & EV/PHEV

Demand Supply Mismatch Power Outages Overloading of equipments

Smart Grid Objectives

Bringing Information & Operational technology closer Delivering the energy using digital technology Active participation of Consumer, Employer, Employee, Gov. Area Based grid

Smart grid should be Process and not product Decentralized Energy Plans

New technology and scope For future compatibility Least Cost to Economy and environment Alternative & Green Energy sources

Traditional Grid Vs Smart Grid

Ben Franklin may have discovered electricity- but it is the man who invented the meter who made the money - By Earl Warren

Traditional grid Vs Smart grid

Current Grid Analogue/electromechanical Centralized (generators) Reactive (prone to failures & blackouts) Manual (field restoration) One price No/limited consumer choice One-way communication (if any) Few sensors Hardly Equipment reporting. Limited control over power flows Estimated reliability Future Grid (The Smart One) Digital/microprocessor Decentralized (generation) & Green Proactive Semi/Full Automated (self-healing) Real time pricing Multiple consumer products Two-way communication Ubiquitous monitors, sensors Condition -/performance-based Pervasive control systems Predictive reliability

Smart Grid

Smart Grid characteristics

Recent research has proven: Trains do not run on time but on electricity By Loesje

Smart Grid characteristics

Intelligent Preventing interruptions and working autonomously Efficient Meeting consumer demand without adding Infrastructure Accommodating Distributed generations and renewables, standard protocols. Motivating Digital information to consumer Opportunistic Plug and play innovations Quality Focused Meeting requirement of digital world or 21st Century Resilient Resistant to natural disasters, cyber attacks Green Significant environment improvement

Smart Grid: The Big Picture & Standards

Is it a fact -- or have I dreamt it -- that, by means of electricity, the world of matter has become a great nerve, vibrating thousands of miles in a breathless point of time? - By Nathaniel Hawthorne

Smart Grid - The Big Picture

Enterprise Apps & Market
ERP,EAM,EMS , OMS, DMS, GIS Load Mgmt & Control,SAS Application data flow to/from end-user and EMS, Real time Energy Market, plant interconnections, Energy Tracking and Grid Management (ETRM), Automatic generation Control (AGC) Micro grids, Self healing grid, fault protection, outage management, dynamic PQ & voltage, Asset protection, Feeder Reconfiguration, Advance sensing element ,Distribution Assets Analysis (DAA) Load Forecasting and shifting , Advance demand maintenance & demand response ,Phasor measurement Units

A P P S

Web portal usage data comparison , TOD Simple integration of distributed generation and storage Precise and adaptable control, smart appliances
Real time access to meter data HAN
Home Plug ZigBee

AMI, MDM, CIS

Remote meter reading & disconnect/connect, tamper & theft detection, customer pre pay, mobile work force management
WAN FAN
Wireless

N/W Storage

Server Infra.

Ethernet

Cellular

Wi Max

Wi Max

Private

PLCC

VSAT

I C T

LAN

Fiber

P O W E R

Distributed Generation Bulk Generation Transmission Sub-station Distribution Buildings & Storage

Source: GTM Research

Utility

Infrastructure

Consumer

WiFi

BPL

RF

Standards

ANSI C12.19 / IEEE 1377 / MC1219 IEEE C37.118 IEC 61968/61970 (CIM) MultiSpeak IEEE 1547

NERC CIP 002-009 NIST Security Standards FIPS 140-1, NIST SP800-53, NIST SP800-82, etc. IEEE 802 family IETF Internet Standards TCP/IP, VPNs, TLS, SNMP, etc. IEC PAS 62559 UtilityAMI UtiliSec /AMI-SEC Specification UtilityAMI 2008 HAN Systems Requirements Specification HomePlug/ZigBee Alliance Smart Energy Profile

BACnet ASHRAE/ANSI 135, ISO 16484-5

IEC 61850 IEC 60870-6 TASE.2

DNP3
IEC 62351

Benefits & Barriers in Implementation

Is it a fact -- or have I dreamt it -- that, by means of electricity, the world of matter has become a great nerve, vibrating thousands of miles in a breathless point of time? - By Nathaniel Hawthorne

Opportunities & Benefits of a Smart Grid

Benefits

Improving power quality

Optimizing asset utilization and efficient operation

Reducing widespread outages

Enhancing reliability Reducing vulnerability to man-made events and natural disasters

Benefits for commercial & Industrial Consumers

Smart Grid Asset Utilization

Barriers in Smart Grid Implementation

1. Policy and regulation 2. Business case 3. Technology maturity and delivery risk 4. Awareness / Customer Transformation 5. Access to affordable capital 6. Skills and knowledge 7. Cybersecurity and data privacy 8. Exponential data flood Of the eight barriers outlined above, the first three pose the most significant hurdles, but, if addressed, will go along way towards creating an environment that will encourage investment in smart grids

Global Scenario, Investments, Stimulus, Market Players

Updating the way we get our electricity by starting to build a new Smart Grid that will save money, protect our power sources from Blackout or attack, & deliver clean, alternative forms of Energy - President Barak Obama (January 8, 2009)

Smart Grid Global investment

Global Scenario
Test Bed at Jeju Island Completion in May 2013. 6000 Household China will be investing in the order of $100 billion in $150 mn private investment and $ 50 10 Years mn from public funding

The American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) allocated $4.5 billion to smart grid Italy :By 2011, all 36 million customers on smart meteringSingapore is investing spending projects. $27.5m to construct the Finland: Hourly metering and settlement by January 2014. India:BESCOM $13.75 largest experimental worlds Spain: Endesa & Iberdrola to deploy 10 million smart meters million pilot project energy smart grid at 1MW UK, Germany, Ireland, Finland, Denmark & Netherlands capacity, where international also in the progress companies are welcome to test-bed and implement new $74.0m, Smart City energy technologies demonstration project in Newcastle & parts of Sydney, running until 2013.

Global Stimulus

Venture Capital Investment in Smart Grid

Year 2005 VC Funding in Smart Grid Firms $ 60 M

2006 2007 2008

2009 Ytd

$ 281 M $ 419 M $ 461 M

$ 37.5 M+

Major Players

Sketch of the Future

M A R K E T U S E R

Power Trading

Dynamic pricing

PHEV rates Market participation of consumer PHEV

Open access Demand Response Energy Management AMR DMS / OMS Performance dashboard Micro Grid pilot MDM 2010

Graphical Display Smart appliances Smart Customer portal Phasor Monitoring Self Healing grids Substation HT/LT Automation PHEV pilot Smart meter AMI 2015

Load control With DR

HAN
Rooftop Solar

I N F R A

FACTs

Advanced protection
PHEV charging infra Cable diagnostics

2020

Smart Grid The India Story

Union Minister of Power Shri Sushilkumar Shinde launched the India Smart Grid Forum, the first initiative of its kind in the power sector, in New Delhi, according to a statement released by the Power Ministry. Mr Shinde said that 'Smart' and 'Intelligent' are becoming the buzz words for Indian Power Sector because deployment and adoption of latest technologies will help it to leap forward into a new orbit Published on www.constructionweekonline.in

Major Drivers that will drive Smart Grid Adoption in India

Supply Shortfalls Loss Reduction Renewable Energy

Cost Savings Peak Load Managemen t & Improved Consumer Satisfaction

Major Drivers

Technology Leapfrogging

Environment

Managing the human element in system operations

Grid Improvements

Challenges for Smart Grid Adoption in India

Funding Issues Regulatory Issues

Where when and how to implement?

Where

Study domain requirement

When

Identify Hot zones

Identify the project partners

No mass roll Out only Pilot

Start / Test Redefine

Anticipate Uncertainty

How

Gain Experience

Cost Benefit analysis

Review and Recalibrate

Build a specific 5 Yrs business plan with Smart Grid focus for 2010-15.
40

A Proposal to Implement Smart Grid for HT Consumers in Maharashtra

A Snapshot of Maharashtra

Snap Shot of Maharashtra

Maharashtra Power System # Particulars 1 2 3 4 5 6 Area (in Sq.km) Districts Villages Towns Population (2001) Installed Capacity (in MW) 307,690 35 40,615 457 96,878,627 21,654

7
8 9 10 11

Daily Demand met (in MU)

Discoms Gencos Trascos SDLC

325-340
5 4 3 1

Snap Shot of Maharashtra

# Particulars

12
13 14 15 16 17 18

EHV S/S
HT S/S EHV Lines (in km) HT/LT Lines (in km) Total Customers (in Millions) Total HT Consumers Total Consumption of Electricity as of 2007-2008 (in Million KWh)

504
2,000 40,000 720,000 21 16092 69,838

Some Important Figures

Electricity Demand, Availability & Shortfall Scenario Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009 to Upto 11 May 2010

MW
Demand Availability Shortfall 14061 9856 4205

MW
14825 10298 4527

MW
15689 10412 5277

MW
15656 10715 4941

MW
15304 11179 4125

Installed Power Generation Capacity in Maharashtra State (in Mega Watts)

Particulars
MSPGCL

Hydro
2837

Thermal
6800

Gas
852

Nuclear
0

Non-Conventional Energy
0

Total
10039

TPCL
REL IPP/CPP CS (MS) TOTAL

447
0 201 384 3869

1400
500 908 2173 11781

180
0 2007 429 3468

0
0 0 757 757

0
0 2114 0 2114

2027
500 5230 3435 21231

HT Consumers across category for Maharashtra

Category Group Housing Society HT Commercial HT I Industry Public Water Works HT Railways HT Agricultural HT Bulk Supply (Residential & Commercial Complex) Mula Pravara Electric Co-op Society (MPECS) TOTAL R-Infra 18 272 176 0 0 0 0 0 466 TPC 0 542 158 0 4 0 0 0 704 BEST 5 75 52 0 0 0 0 0 132 MSED CL 0 2587 9899 729 49 1074 451 1 TOTAL 23 3476 10285 729 53 1074 451 1

14790 16092

Proposed Benifits
Demand Side Management with AMI Off-Grid Renewable Energy for Irrigation Pumping Wastewater Treatment Plant Methane Capture Distributed RE Generation in Remote Rural Villages

Questions ???????

Thank You

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