Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BEING
BAJATAEANGGINI
Kahlana Pandita.
JOGESH CHUNDEE^DUTT.
Pointed by
249,
I. C. Base &. Co., Stanhoph Press, Bow-Bazau StUEETj and Published Br the A0TH9B.
1879.
[ All rights reserved. ]
tOHDOR; TRilBNER *
CO,
'
'"to
MY
YOTJNGEK BROTHER
ROMESH CHUNDER
or
DXTTT
HBK
BARRISTER-AT-L&W,
DEDICATED
and
affection.
As,
CONTENTS.
Book I Book II
'Book III
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61
Book IV
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141
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169
Appendix
Appendix
A B D E F
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i ii
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Appendix
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17 vi
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Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
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.*
V*
ix
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X
xi
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Appendix
Appendix
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H K
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*
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xii
xiii
Appendix. I
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Appendix J
XV
xvi
xvii
Appendix
Appendix
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,.V
v..
<
#.
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List of kings
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xix
r.EEEATA.
J?
Page
-%,
Append^ D
K. E, 89
read Appendix L.
K. E. 79.
PREFACE,
%
rest
of tho
by the
lofty
other aides by the sea, Ind'.a has from the earliest period
^presented
to
its
people a world by
lived
itself.
And
within
portion of
who
developed
unattained
among
by any
origi-
themselves a
other
degree of civilization
nation of antiquity.
stock,
dialeots
of
aamo
tribes
religion,
different
according to
each came
to
occupy.
The
moun-
who
inhabited the
who
the
Ganges, or
Nor did
the
division
ciud the
cease here.
There were
minuter sub-divisious,
dialect,
settling
in
definite
*>f country
after
themselves.
Houen Sang,
Chinese pilgrim,
who
by him.
These petty
tribes
seem
to
have kept
ii
MtEFACE,
influence from
time,
reducing their
Nor were
their
affairs
all
the ancient
Eastern,,
and
the
visited in turn
by Arab ships
to as
Indian
commodities
Foreigners- also
came
Of the
each and
among
still
all
numerous
and are
dwelling in
India
no authentic
records,
The Ramayana,
the
Mahahhaiata
faithful pic-
manners, &c, dut-.ng the periods when those works were composed, yield but
events.
little
The Raniayana
Ayodhya, aud
of the
its
is
neighbourhood
work
devoted to description of
single reign,
that of
Rama, a
five
MahabMrata
of the
sons of Paudu,
is
mixed
preface.
possess,
iii
its
usual sense,
While* so
much
a corner of India,
may
it
not, it is
should be
faithful render-
ing into English of a history which already exists in the Sanskrita language.*
The
first
of Champaka.
It
from tho
1148.
by
and
Jonaraja,
this
A.D. 1412
1477.
brings
last
part,
the
Rajfivalipitaka,
down the
The
the history
of
the
country
from the
earliest
times to the reign of king Harsha, A.D. 1101, about onehalf of t&e w<%kof Kahlana Pandita. of the Translator to bring It
is
the intention
down
by
* The
it
necessary to omit
agencies,
as relate to of appendix,
superhuman
in order to preserve
iv
rnEF.vcE.
Akhar.
He
no promise to
his
roarers to this
as hia time
,
is
command.
work
is
disfigured
many
places
with
what
iu
The time
author
be, a)l
that he has
original,
throughout
a
this-
performance has
been to
and
Mr.
six
cantos)
history
of Kfishmira.
it is
(See
Asiatic Eesearches,
Vol. 15.)
But
and a
sketob.
made
it is
alterations
In conclusion, the
earlier years
writer
folly
of Such
an attempt.
if
have made
Neverfoudljr
him think
theless
the
PREFACE.
cherished from year to year, th writer has found
cult altogether to give up.
it
-V
diffi-
It
was
for
in
Even while
his
this
work was
in progress,
he was
reminded by the
difficulties
he met, of
own weakuess.
1
Calcutta,
1S(&
Aug**
1870.
J-
DUTT.
KINGS OF KASHMIR A.
BOOK
What
poet
!
I.*
an indescribable thing,
of
it,
!
is
By means
is
iii
his
own fame
as well as that of
others
immortalised
the past
intelligible
sacrified in
if
canuot
,feis
Happy
is
is
who
is
and
favored
padt.
my work. Modem
To
write the
'
truth
is
my object.
Farvati, with
*
liirc
KINGS
01?
RiSHMfllA.
The
ease,
is
elaborate
original
records
were epitomized
by
with,
ber^memberod
The
style of Suvrata
errors
by examining
No
their
mention
irreligion.
is
made
Four
of of
fifty-two kings
on account of
these,
Gouanda,
&c,
are
descendants of Ashoka
^
from Lava ; and Shrichohhavillaka speaks of five only. He writes, " from Ashoka to Abhimanyu five kings have been named out of
fifty-two."
These
fifty-two
kings,
whose
histories
evil works,
elephants,
attained great
ladies,
asd
in
their houses
were
like
moon-light iu
are not
the open
day;
great
men
now knovru
or remembered,
they
had never been born, simply because poets did not favor
KINGS OP KismifBA.
tlicra
by writing their
*
histories.
is
bow
to the poeJi'M
tjfeat art
dark.
fix
original dynasty.
We
and
Kashmira
is
cliffs,
and the
In
the
summer
and the
and not
infes-
ted with
water animals.
It
is
by Kashaynpa
saffron,
as
for his
gWfy.
iced
rare even yi
heaven, are
common
worlds,
hero.
"Kailfisa
The following
existed in
is
list
of gods
Kashmira from
tlfe earliest
the destroyer of
vice,
to
hill.
by
the vicious
4
I]rahm<!
in
XVNCB OP
the shape of
KAsilllittA.
fire,
which
rising
from tho
in tfe
form of a swart
in
a lake
The
dal,
shrine of
spots of san-visible
.There, at Nandi,
is
also Sarada, or
Durga, by seeing
gift of the
whom
Tho country
Yijayesha, Adi
is
adorned
with
gods
Chakrabhrita,
It is full of shrines.
Be
time,
of
it
to the glory or
will
or
tho
wo
the truth,
history
w\-
kings.
many
cient
charm-
be apparent
the frail
life
of
man
be contemplated.
Listen then to
For
filled
sis
Himalaya, and
struck the
water,,
earth
and caused
it
and thus
established the
kingdonf of Kashmfra.
;
Then reigned
<ii
his royal
KINQS OF KlsnilflU.
the
fi
serpent (Naga).
There lived
various
classes
of
made the city as rich as the The Prst king Mia was invited by
V)
the
Niigas
to
reign over
them.
He had
a sceptre
till
the reign of
Gonauda
I.
at
This
'enemy
Gonanda
I,
who
invited
by Jarasindhu
help
him
in his invasion of
Krishna.
city
With
largo
army they
that
the
of
Yamuna
to
On one
occasion the
army
re-
mained doubtful,
till
at
last
field,
Gonanda
I.,
pierced with
wounds
was
fell
dead on the
victorious. his
On
cUjath^Damodara*I.
dom, he was
far
his
proud
^hearfc
While in
h<%a
some
of the daughters of
C
theiv tribe,
r
KINGS
to
Off
KiSHMfaA.
tho
be
Indus,
and in
tho
bridegro*s*s
were
to
made army
for
tho nuptiak,
of infantry
and
horse,
and interrupted
the,
festival.
dharas were
koasft
with Krishna's
chalcra, perished,
He
left his
to the
effect that
"Know,"
said
lie,
if
thoy
Man
woman he
enjoys,
will
and
it
was a sapling
The
were performed
by
for
him, one, his mother, to give him milk, and the other to
do
all /other
work.
His- father's
wealth on those on
of a child
Lis lisping
is
the smile
meaningless*-
words they
ashamed.
They would
oftwi
KINGS OP KAsQMfEA.
set
him upon
his
father's throno,
his feet
not reaching
his hair
wavod
iu tho breeze of
It
was
ai this
names of
thirty-five
is
Ho had
ia
said
of
ltini
his
sleepless,
He
built
built houses.
Nothing more
is
of Lcvara iu
Ledari on Brahmauas
death.
He was
who was a
powerful prince.
Hs
on Brahmauas.
His sou Khagendra, wh* succeeded him, was a valorous
He
destroyed
many
'
of the Niigas
of
who were
his
enemies.
He
He
aud mild
8
tompor.
KINCIfi
OE KisniifaA.
Ho
built near
he named
Narendra Bhavana.
On
of a different
family,
became king.
Brahmauas.
Suvarna,
;
He gave away
who
reigned
the
village
of
Hastlshala. to
His
liberal
son
after to
him,
was ar and
prince
he gave away
gold
boggars,
Snvarua-maui to be
'
;
he
Vihlira and
Jalara.
He
died childless.
He was
He was
succeeded by Ashoka,
of
Shaohinara's
cousin.
Buddha.
He
caused
many
stupas to be
built
on the
(Jhelum) at Shushkaletra.
On
so
lie
high
that
its
top
could
whiob.
not
be
seen.
It
hiss
was
than
who
built Sriuagara,
coutained^no
houses.
He
pulled
down
tlio
now
stead.
He
KINGS OF KASBMfKA.
]n his reign,
it
appears, tho
Mleclichhas (Scythians?)
ended his
fife
in devotion.
gift of
whom
he
Ms
father's throne.
An
egg wore
He knew
was
tho
by which
devioe
Ho
and
worshipper of Vijayeshvara,
Namlfaha
Kshetrnjyeshtesha
all,
from
his
kingdom,
to
tho sea.
Weary
tied
of
battles against
his hair, for
up
which reason the place was named Ujjatathen turned his arms
in
dimba.
He
another direction,
to his kingdom, in
conquered Konouje,
and thence
carried
some men
law and
country,
religion.
For
the
country he created
seven new
of
offices, viz.
the
Exchequer,
Treasurer,
Priest
Commander-in-Chief,
Ambassador, i High
an&
Augur.
He
entrusted
10
Ishanadcvi,
kincis
or sAsmifitA.
of
Ho
worship,
and
built
"VYiravala anil
used to hear
disciple of Vj"4sa.
He
in
Srinagura, and
also wor-
when he was
woman
iir
for
somo
food,
.she
human
Ilowh.
Unwilling to
tite,
any
0110 to satisfy
own body.
and she remarked that for his tender regard for the
<>f
others she
considered
kin<_',
being a follower of
whom
Sho then
r.nfoldod
that on
hill
lived a
of Kritlika
who wero
who
did
them
injury,
them good
They
to
all,
and wero
willing to
"
But
There
of-
kin-OS or
Ki&mifiu.
bjj
11
drains
the
priest
interfered
whom we
you would
mo, and
*build a
former one.
Here
came
therefore
find
tested y^ur
hoi*
heart in disguise."
peo-'
monastery, and agreeably to bis promise he caused be erected on tho very placo of their meeting.
it
to
,
At Naudikshotra ho caused a houso of Shiva Bhutosha to bo erected and bestowed much wealth on it. It seems On the banks of his laijt dajjs were spent in devotion. the Kunakavahim there was a holy place named Chframoohana,
for
i
three nights.
At
up
god
that
aud he
bestowed those
women ou
it
Ho and
Damodara
pear,
II,
other dynasty.
He was
very
rich,
and
remembered.
tlfe
Ho
contracted friend-
Yak&has, a neighbouring
13
Kiscia
of zismitm.
to the city
by him
m that swamp.
Ambitions
fat
do something
erect-
uncommonly
ing
he thougffo of
the work.
But an accident
One day
when the king was going to bathe pervious to performing a Shraddha, some hungry Brahmanas asked him for food,
but he disregarded their request and was proceeding to
the river, when, the
Biibmanas by the
*'
fofce of their
wor-
Look
!"
said they,
" hero
is
now feed
ns."
But
the
king suspected
fur
till
to
be the
effect of
magic,
"
Go away
the present," replied the king, " I will not feed you
I
have bathed."
When
far mitito
much
gated
entreated
it
to
the
Eamayana from
lie
the beginning to
end in
'one
day,
his form.
To
this
day,
he
may be
Cursed
is
should be destroyed by
The glory
lost
may
be restored
ne-
Brihmanas
Then
of
Kishmua
three
kings reigning
namely,
Hushka,
Jushka and
KIHCI3 OF
KASHMflU.
13
If airishka
Though they
and places of worship on the plains of ShushkalejM. During their loug reigns Buddhist hermits were all-powerful
in the country,
and
Buddhist
religion
prevailed
Shaky-:
without opposition.
From
the death of
Buddha
one
hundred
and
in the
Ho
He
also built
a city
in his
Abhhyanyupura
after
his
name.
It
was
and others
great loader
;
permission.
their
The Niigas,
mountains
year.
by rolling down
scenes
from the
ajad carried
11
KINGS
03? KASHllfttA.'
&o.
At
last
Cbandradeva, a pious
Brahma
"and a descent
danfc of
Nflapuraiia.
man had on a
former oooasiou
?
III. to
Buddhists ceased to
king,
be oppressed.
life
He
into
He was
It
is
Rama
was in
his.
good kings are born, and then the parts of the kingdom
long dismembered are reacquired.
who
the
From
a study of the
know
He
After
him
Then
followed Iudrajitn.
his son
still
And then
Havana may
Havana,
seen.
The
Shivalinga set up by
is
be
This linga
marked with
king dedioated
and
to it the
The
reigns of
Havana and
EUTGS OP KiSHMflU.
his father togefchov, extended over
16
thirtytfive
a period of
Havana's
sou.
Vibhfshaua
II.
then reigned
for thirty-five
Then came
to the throne.
his
sou
Nam L,
Whatever ha did
benefit
of his
subjects turned,
injury.
theft
this so enraged
Ha
built
and
graced with fruit and flowor gardens, and the river below
Now,
in this city
daughter
of
Niga)*
that
was
possessed
of
exceeding
beauty, in so
much
through
spies,
Not even
heart.
wayward
Then,
trol.
agaii?,
a accident fanned
girl
was
sitting
on the terrace
of her house, she saw a horse eating the grain which was
left
She
See Appendix B.
1G
to ckivo
ktms of
Kisniifiii.
thovo,
ho*>
rIiq
on tho animal.
as bo was of her,
became more
violent.
Ho
first
employdll
who tormontod hor with temptaOn this tho sham ol ess king blind tion, but to no effect. in his passion, asked for her of hef own husband. This
failed
also,
in
return,
from
At
girl.
last
ho sent
the
tome
soldiors
snatoh away
tho
Whilo
soldiors
woro
attacking
his wife
tho
house
thoir exit
on the
front, tho
Brahmaua with
mado
by another way,
isolated
for help.
There he
tho
in-
The Naga became enraged, and down tho city ; thousands who
shelter were
also
burnt
to
Cliakraehara for
burnt,
with scorched
conflagration.
human
remains.
in the
sister of the
out of
action,
sho
Tho heaps
"
EWGS OP
KlSHMfai.'
17
i^aine Nfigct
may
is
became disgusted with himself and was hated by othevs, he retired from the plaoo, and lived on a distant hill,
where he dug a tank which
may be
Near
named Jatnatrisara, which the Brahmana, who through the favor his belonged to father-in-law was made a NSga. The passion of the king may appear to the senseless
tank another was dug
as nothing guilty,
I.
suffered
When
king,
under
the
destroy tho
Even
to
hill
and nine months, and within this short time the town of Kirmarapura became as beautiful as Gandbarvvapura.
It
was absenUat ^ijayakshetrs when tho catastrophe happened to the king and his capital, and thus his life was
saved from the general ruin.
He
He
was of a religious
his
and passed
days in
The misfortune
IS
io
KINGS OF KiSnilfBA.
him
and
tliougli
all
kimlolf clear of
tomptatious.
and bad
his
god
Mahadeva
<
always
ms'nd
when-"
Tho
servants
attachment to
son, they
Nara camo to grief becauBo of their him, but when they came to serve his
of
always share the same fate with those who sholter them, be
it
good or bad.
Tho
grass,
made
into
company
his
Ho
was suoceoded by
after his
Ho
built
a oity called
for thirty-
sixty
And then
came
his son
to the throne.
He
In
He was
who was
as
cruel as Death.
Day and
night were
men murdered by
;
amusement
he relented
KINGS OF KASHMfBA.
19
were
and
his presence
and that of
o?*crows
his
army,
known by
queen
the assemblage
and
the
dead.* Once
he
Baft
the
breasts of his
marked with
him,
This enraged
aud he
called
for
the zenana.
The keeper
clothes
boddice made
marked
their
with goldeu
of their king.
foot-marks which
Whereupon he
iJe
up
another, a
oruol
man on
aud returned to
picture of
the sua
named Ushadeva.
on
his
On
his
return he passed
The kings
returned
of these to
their
approach,
and
When
entering
by the
cries of
a den,
and the king ordered the hundred elephants to be killed. As the touch of the sinful pollutes the body,
so the narration of his history pollutes the speech.
One
day when
Ije
river Chandra-
kuly, on his
way
after-
wards, that the gods spoke unto him, and said, that a
Yaksha, (a
spirit,)
resided in
and
that
it
could not be
He
20
to proof,
KINGS QV Ki^nililU.
and many a
till
citizen's wifo
tried
to
move
thai
stone in vain,
plishod tho feat.
many
women
imohaste
he orderod them
to bo
killod together
kotis in all
I
However he
Sihireshvara,
somo virtuous
acts
named
and found-
He
also besfcowod
some
villages
on the Drahmaiias
of
Gandhft-a,
who were
so
Those
Brahmanas woro
sisters
of
Mleohohhas.
They
Tho
so he
who
gives,
samo temper.
became
infirm,
many
maladies.
He
lime
who
mon
entered
heaven,
*
KINGS OF KiHmiflU.
gj.
Some
tillages.
JJhe"y sfiy
of
when these Brahmanas of Darad Mlcchchhas, and who sold their wives,
that
many good
rites
Kingdom of 4he
last
He
Ho
Aftor
liia
very-
him
as they
they liked him, aud welcomed his reign after that of his
predecessor, as one
aftor
summer.
Virtue
roturnetl,
from
Ho
Lavauotsa.
At
last,
Vatta, a
female
came
at
to
her place.
instead
of witnessing a festival,
all
many
sons
sacrificed
A
tin's
as sho
still
to
be seen
and
22
Khy-a.
KINGS 01 KiSHMfBA,
This king reiguod for sixly-throo
f
years
and
thirteen days.
The
surviving priuoo
for
thirty years.
yasuuanda,
his son,
and
*
Tina prinoo
love.
He
was succeeded by
his son
Kara II,
-who
roigucd
And
who
also
He
He was
was
like
His reign
of
He
Dr&vira.
Ho
oxpolled
from
bis
country
garlic,
Bevcral
irroligious
brought
them
to settle in Vishchika
&c, He
pardoned
set
up a god named
slaughter
of
Jeshteshvara,
He
for
never
the
animals except
religious purposes.
He
died after a
set
up a god
He was
called Khingkhila.
Ho
set
KINGS OP KA&USlfr.A,
23
TJgra
who wore
and a hundred days, this virtuous king died. His sou named Yudhishthira thon ascended the throie
he was called
h*s oyos.
IIo
the blind
But
after
ingly vain of his royal affluence, took into his favor igno-
made
laltor
no distinction between
fools
and the
in a
wise,
and the
away from
To
is
virtue
hermit,
but
is
a fault
in a king.
mere pup-
would
whom
in their
ho became an object of
and got the army
hatred to men.
his throne.*
Hisjninistera rebelled,
They
also
made
allianoo with
offer,
and .hoping
to get possession of
as watchful as vultures.
21
KIKU3 Or KASmilBA.
,-iafe.
Ho
but in vain.
thfii,
^should
thC
on his tbrono,
ho
would
and.
kill
them ;
Tho
palace,
army now
trumpets,
laid
siege
to
the
tfio
sounding
their
and
clouding
elephants.
I
The
kins; at
city.
last
came
terms.
He
agreed to re
iro
from tho
As ho
issuod
out of his
and
troasure,
dusly
streets, tho
The
and
besiegers, however,
riches.
sit
When weary
among
trco,
tho rocks,
ho would
and thou ho
by travelsleep,
would again
ling.
Sotnetiin.es
by the noise of
his
enemy
at
a dutauoo,
and might bo
or
crossing
micem would
faint
away.
Some-
timed they would turn their backs and soe tho kingdom
'strike their
heads with their palms, aud mingle thoir tears with the
wnteia of tho fountains.
of a
realm of K&sbmiro,
farowoll.
Even tho
birds
tin*
At
last
gome neighbouring
KINGS OF EABHMfBA.
king
felt pity fov
25
bis pro-
Yndhiahthira, took
him under
jection,
and
consoled,
first
him
Here eudftlie
* la another place it is stated that only twenty-one kings reigned during the above-mentioned period,
26
BOOK
II.
Yudhishthira
in his old
age relinquished
all
hopes
of
all
enjoyments.
confined
by
his
Some
was Vikramiditya
the
enemy
of Saka.
The kingdom was torn by internal discord and was for some time governed by Harsha and other kings. Pratipaditya ruled well and died
years.
after
a roign of thirty-two
He was
derived his
This prince
was
like .the
moon which
are equal.
Him
nistration
They governed
bow
clouds.
They
built
a city
kings of Kisnwfiu.
27
geshvara.
named Katika, and raised a temple to Mahadeva TunThey afcfo planted trees in the burning plains
"
of Mirava.
in-
He
invented a sort
In
month
aali
of Bhidra,
a sudden
and heavy
ripeuiug,
were smothered,
then rcnicmbored.
nor cared
sou or father
with hunger.
Men
sight
were reduced to
;
their
appetite by
destroying
aud the
At this time of distress, the king queen showed the greatest humanity j they
and
fed
them
they im-
Evesy one
or wander-
One
night
when
28
and there was no
to his
KINGS
rice,
03?
KiSHMfrlA.
said
queen
" Surely
foV
some
sins of ours
this groat
Wo
is
me
dying of hunger
subjects,
what
the use of
my
living?
is
reduced
left to
to poverty
and
de-
no means are
deliver
It seems that
no way
left
for people to
go
See
how
How
days of prosperity,
it
is
and now
I
see
gone.
to
Let
me
perish in the
flames
sinoe
no means
relieve
my
suBjoots,
and I
am
die.
Happy
sons,
who seeing
Thus
say-
his
The queen saw him in that condition and thus consoled him *" How the misfortune of your subjeots has turned
:
like
men
But
failure reflects
Women
KINGS OF KiSHMfai.
should
faithful,
29
should
ministers
remain
and the
kiflg
Arise
my
vain,
your sub-
jects' distress
over."
When
on them.
the
the people
lived
this
and
relinquished his
intention
of committing suicide.
life
But
lothed to
destroy animal
the
birds.
queen contrived to
of these
In the meantime
The
Rimusha
perished
is
after a reign
of thirty-six
and
his
affliction,
by burniug
herself.
called
V&kkashtatavi.
erected,
There a place of
for travellers
was
issue.
God
sugar-
them with a
fruit,
them
own
The sweet
cane bears no
Some
because she
thought that
the. famine wets brought in by her sins. They were succeeded by one Vijaya of a different
dynasty.
He
built a
He was succeeded by
his
He had
a minister
HO
KINCS
Saudhimati,
loil
01?
nASIlMillA.
named
designs
to
but
evil
the king
by
his
suspoctod
PIo
him
of
was forbidden
Nor
for
officer
of tho court
who spoko
to
him,
But
neither
own poverty
days
ruffled his
tempor;
for
still
he passed his
happily in the
Even
in his devotions
ho
was not
remain in peace.
His
ex-minister
had spread
probable
this
rumour
and
consoquencos,
the
Whon
tho last
days of the
as he
was
childloss.
And
to
remove
he intended
to
execute
the
minister.
But
in
it is
his
If there
it
be
if
a spark of
firo,
and
it
man
wishes to put
out,
aud
othorwise, the
man
it
over the
Now
by tho
cruel
KINGS OP KiSIIllfUA.
the minister was dead, his heart became light
died soon after.
01
but he
king.
few
[
days
it
left
without
who,
']
reign
over them
he en-
An
experienced
man
as
manner.
lie
the
fascinations of
women and
tho
was
He was
discharge of regal
viz.,
air that
of
the
it
He
alone
and washed
morning
service.
Every
day he
Shiva-lingas.
If
through
Soc Appendix 0.
32
KINdS OF KiSIIMfRA.
lie
any accident
servants to
failed
to
do
this,
he would order
their
his
collect
a thousand stoifos in
stead;
river
of
or
collection
is still to
be seen.
He
and
big images
and huge
to
tridents.
The
villages
and
since
gifts
been
he set up a Shiva
named
Sandhishvara,
and another
uamed
raised
Isheshvara
after the
name
of his gu.ru.
He
to
also
houses and
other plaoes.
He
alone
knew
In
tlio
mouth
to bathe in a fountain in
whioh the
he
would
sit
and
contemplate on Shiva.
his
In
life of
pleased
his
subjects,
as
all
to
management
*
of His kingdom.
His subjeots
ft
See Appendix C.
KINGS OF KiSHMfrU.
therefota
33
whom
hear
they could
that there
to
of the
Blind.
the hope
of
the graat
to the coun-
present
its
at the Sayamvara
He was
presented
with
an umbrella, which was got from Varuna by king Narakft and which
cast ita
the
eyes
rise
who believed that ho would one day And after his return with his wife to
their
his
the sceptre of
he being the
descend-
weakened by internal
to
disagreement,
but took no
steps
mend
matters,
office,
On
the coul^'ary,
that
bolioving
lfis
fitting
opportunity to relieve
He
thought
himself happy
34
SINGS
03?
SAsiuifiu.
Lhe
kingdom
to do it
hia reign
of his
force
;
owu
free
will,
by
there had
" Fortunately"
offloo,
he said " I
am
my
nor blame
his mind
subjects
my fortune for
a kingdom in
Thus
resolved,
and making
his
itself,
hands
to
after
a reign
he returned
LJany people
vain.
induce him
but in
Having
once resigned
again.
kingdom
oloth
Dressed as a hermit,
clad
in
white
his feet.
Many
him weepfour
ing silently.
miles,
After
he sat down
weeping followers,
way
he
hills,
and as he
went on further
With
many
a.
home.
There
iu
made a bed
of the
hills,
of leaves,
keeping his
same material.
tho
The moon
variegated
new
grass
KINGS OF KiSHJlfOA.
the color at tho base of the
35
there
mountains
beneath
women
lulled
king
The howl
of the wild
beasts,
Jcarlaretu told
him
his sleep,
There in
tied,
his
hand*
while
lie spout
his
days in devotions
minister of
There reigned
six
From
36
BOOK
[Invocation to
111.
Haha
Parvati. as usual,]
After tbe
tlra
ministers
the people,
went to Q&ndhara,
Meghavihana,
whom
and.
who him
after-
and the
entertained of
life
were
fully realized.
was even
forbade
He
who
lived
by
killing animals, bo
He
He
built a
named Megbavana and peopled it with Brahmanas and set up a monastery named Meghamatha. His queen Amritaprabha <oaused a Yih&ra named Amritabhavana to
be built for Buddhists, and another of his queens Yukadevi, in emulation
of her
rival, built
a wonderful Vihara
at
edifice
was ocoupied by
men
of
tery and
called
it
followed the
oalling "them
r
their respective
names.
ei-
KINGS OF KiSHMfUi.
peditioa to compel other
37
kings
to
desist
from killing
kill
Ceylon, his
trees.
When he reached the hill of Eohaua army rested under the shadows of palm Vibhfshana, the king of the country, met him oih
and loud ohantings.
Then
the
He
among
it.
consumed
several
of
Kashmha
flags in
ing posture.
a king of
Even
to
this
KSshmira goes
out, these
From
that
time none
the king's
order
against the
destruction of
skies,
nor in forests
did animals
kill
one another.
We
who
taste
of
a reign of
He
set
Ho
Appendix D.
H8
eshvrn,
TilSGS
OF KASHMfllA.
places.
The
and
several
'
subieot
{
to the
god Pravareshvan
and
to
which he had
He
He
always liked
Of
his
two
sons,
Hiranya became
king,
and
forathe
mina
assisted his
kingdom.
Now
as coined by himself.
king'*
<
displeasure,
as a
mark
of disrespect
Torara&na's
prison
In the fulness
was
being
the
to
a boy in a
potter's
shamed
its
of publicity.
The
up
and
being
known only
to Tier
mother.
called
And at the mother's request the child was by the name of its grandfather, (father's father).
disliked the companionship
of
As
often
nobi-
the wise.
At pastimes
his
companions would
select
him
to
them under ha
allow
control,
them
pcttei
KINGS
(
01?
KAsroifBA.
j<)
gave
It
him
to
make
so
happened, thatJ^myendra,
the
maternal uucle
of*
the boy,
iu his play,
Jbut seeing
ceiving
Drawn by
iuto the
whom
he used to
who they
were,
man
too
suicide,
He
pilgrimage.
thirty years
At
asd
this time
died
Hiranya
after a reign of
any
issue.
At
this
He
subdu-
He was
man
blessed with
uncommon good
fortune,
Now
40
KINGS OF Ki.BHMfRA.
\
named
Mfitrigupta whose
visited several
and at
by the
liberality
and
and hoping
that
>
his servioes
discerned
the merits of
The king
of all men,
by.bis
and
no
of
man
of lore
had
to
murmur
at the
gifts
he received
the king.
He marked
if
the assiduity
him, and
Ho had no
ill
of others, or
who were
jealous of strangers.
He
did
not
him,
"Since by
my
good
fortune,"
thought
my
hopes
this
in
So he determined
to' serve
Thus determining, he used to attend the court, as ordered by the king, but would not take his seat among the learned? Siyery op.e who is learned
is
In order to
test
first
favor.
He
gladly
were neither too showy nor too meagre, nor was the
KINGS
01?
KiSHMfBA.'
41
He would
sit
with
him
He
the royal
servants, but
He
would freely speak of the merits of other men and show his nwn.j Ha was liked by the courtiers. And
thus he passed one year.
One day when the king was going out, he saw this man weak and emaoiated, and wearing a torn pieoe of
cloth
;
and he
felt
iu
foi-eign country, to
remain
and
man
how this poor who gave him medicine when he was ill, who consoled him when he was grieved, or who soothed him when he was weary. What could
in cold without taking
of anything
Thus time
severe winter.
short,
it wtia a,
dg,ya
beoame
warm
himself in the
within
ifc.
42
KINGS OF KlSHMfttA.
Now,
night
;
it so
the
fire
was burning
briglitft
in
his
room, but
in the cold
for
breeze,
and
iuorder
lamp he
called out
his
guards.
But
all
call
by the
And
wait.
ordered him
to
cold,
The king
Jjban
asked him
how much
replied he.
night,
of the night
yet
"
How
is it
that you
of the
sleep,"
he related
would be deoided
of anxiety,
evil,
and oppressed by
my
voice,
my
me
of a
after consoling
reproaching himself
" The
man must
be
have
Though
of giving him.
KINGS OP KiSHMflU.
found out what to give.
43
me
at present
kingdom on him
crown withtfut
named Matrigupta who would produce And when the messenger had gone, he did
order
0^
the
avail.
" I have
is
done
my
at
duty,"
;
my
expectation
now
an end
now devoid
peace.
to believe,
of further
was led
that this
truth.
others,
The king
favors
;
is
intelligent
is
the king
not
my own
shores on
cause of
my
misfortune.
If the
which the
of-'
cannot be
reached in consequence
adverse wind,
is
it is
to blame.* If
one
he should rather
for to
serve
than the
king,
the
king
is
a laborious
task.
feet of
hut those who worship the feet of his bull get gold every
day,
I
do not
know
that I have
i4
KINGS
03?
KiSnirfQA.
Tie
for
whom
busi
unless applauded
ttie
low
if
admired by the
Particles of water
when
tnfeen
when they
are
up by the clouds, and are thrown back to the embraces of the wavy ocean, they look like pearls." Thus
thought he, and
lost all
of the wise
lost in misfortune.
seal in
When
call in-Wfctrigupta.
The
signed
king, the
kiug
him
the
order.
if
The king
deliver
he knew the
way
to
KjLshmlra.
"Go
"and
country."
Ho
his royal
his way.
"I
will
do
as"
you comcourt,
And
and blamed
in this low
work
of
carrying
"The
fit
foolish
man
to undergo
because he served
him
diligently
Servants serve
master
KINGS OP KiSHMfRA.
in
45
,floes
he thinks them
fit
only to serve.
The serpent
in the
hope
of freeing himself
But
earth.
Narj-
This
learned
man saw
who
return
felt
rain drops."
Poor Mitrigupta
at
another time
must be
for
his
benofit.
little
in
K&shmira," thought he, "that would be preferable to anything in any other country,"
difficulty,
being hospitably
wherever
he
lodged.
skies,
At
last,the -KTOwVliite
this
populous
Kvaraavarta he
1C
KINGS OF KiSIIllfRA,
He
put
deliver to
011 a white one, and went to the them king Vikramadirya's ordor.
As he went
signs
of lus message.
When he
he quiokly informed
and
with
their
the
ministers
of
h'us
approach,
permission
Matngupta
him
a magnificent seat to
the orders of
sit
Vikramaditya
whereupon he
humbly
presented to
bowing.
them the
writing
The
asked
him
if
name was
near,
He
Then they
to
called
who were
coronation.
like
ordering
them
bring
things for
The
sea.
n rough
hitn
breast as the
Eeva
along
Kixas op kashmiba.
ditya for a king,
,
47
to
them.
Yefc
it
was not
a throne
was indebted
to
it.
for
you
attained"
Matrigupta
heard
this
and
smile,!,
in giving gifts,
(fee,
and on
a subsequent day
when
his ministers
a messenger
to Vikramaditya
self
him with
and
also sent
"
You
without thundering.
Thy
favor
known by
the
the fruit,"
of the
Matrigupta then
entered into
interior
but when every thing was ready he had not the heart to
kill
:
in his kingdom.
He
48
KINDS OF KiSBUfRA.
was
satisfied.
His good
qualities and
the.
Aud he
bestowed his
gifts with
judgment.
or Mitntnentha, as he was
sometimes
-work
gress,
lived
named Hayagrivabadha.
he showed
to
pro-
the
till
king,
up an image of god Madhusudhana which ha The villages which he besnamed M&triguptosvami. towed on this god were afterwards retaken by Mamma
set
He
to
of building
the
house of a peiiod
Iub
father-ia-law.
four years,
for
of
Now, on the
This inflamed
him
so
much
make
death of his
When
the
prince
arrived at
;
and
the
came
revolt against
t'heu*
Mitrigupta.
But he declined
*
countenance
re
See Appendix E.
KINGS OS KASHMfjJA.
1
49
Vikrami,-
bellion.
"Iamoager,'^he
said,
"to destroy
djtya, but I
is
am
For what
who
who
are strong.
What can
be more
frail
and feeble
than the lotuses whioh envy the moon, and what propriety
is
there that
?
elephants' tusks
his -valour
It
he who
is
inferiors."
He
it,
aud commenced his march against Vikramiditya. But on his way he heard that Vikramiditya was dead.
This news so
much
afflicted
dead antagonist.
Hatrigupta had
of
On a subsequent day
left
that
his kingdom,
in the
out
neighbourhood of
gupta out of
clad in
a simple
and
after
welooming
him the
is
cause of
The other
king,
dead
that virtuous
am like
on
it,
a sun-jewel that
but
is
a com-
mon
stone
is
set."
BO
kihqs os Tdsniifai.
" that thou gvieveat
foe
Vikraiuiditya,
" "Who
is
so
strong as can
injure that
Yikram&ditya poured ghi on ashes, or sowed Beeds on " Bat," continued he, " even the inanimate Tiarren soil."
objects are grateful to those
who do them
1b
set,
is
good,
yhe
and
so does
I
will
moon
out of
sight.
and
enjoy
the
pleasures of devotion
by being a
is
hesstej,
I
For
without
it
dark.
cannot look on
through
enjoy it."
adorned by persons
you; who oan understand human nature better than Vikramaditya, since he discovered your noble qualities.
Long waB
that
gifts
it
tkfe
now you
are
ungrateful think
receive
if
they
single
them
and
out,
when
Or
if
their
fear
But
if
a small
benefit is
increases a
like a tested
hundred-fold.
'
KINGS OF KASHMJCBA.
jewel, art loved
51
by the good.
So do
me
a favor by not
am
partial to
men
of merit.
first
on you now,
nol>le speech,
littrs
said,
"I am
compelled to be a
my
feelings,
but though
it
may
ble
be har<m, yet
must
your no-
gift.
You know my
Fknow
alone.
felt
by ourselves
me
to
mo
Being
if I
now
a king,
how can I
Or
had wished
it
I forsake
my
me now % The
it is
I will
now
follow'
me.
This
is all
that I have to do in
enjoyment."
Then
he would not
alive.
touch
Matrigupja's
he was
And
in-
to Vatiuasl
him the
money
and
Yikramaclitya,
52
SINGS OP KiSHMfEA.
1
in
Pravarasena subdued
far
many
kings,
and
and wide
like
that
and the
per-
of the Ganges
He
ad-
on
Shil&ditya, son
of
enemies from
him,
his
territory.
Pravarasena
reinstated
and
latter
times.
On
The
latter, however,
if
suggested that
he was a
ed.
beast, his
life
was too
insignificant to be destroy-
Pratipasila also
amused
"tke Jlashmirian
king by
by his
KINGS O^lKiSHMfRA.
53
own name.*
set
for
posed to build a
In the village of Sharftaka Pravaraeena procity. * But before he did so, he wished to
1
up Pravaresbvara Shiva, and he employed artisans the purpose. Bat an image of Shiva sprung up from
among
and
of
it
the sculptors.
human agency
turn-
The king
farther set
up images of -
her name.
He
and from that time the bridge of known to the world. His matornal uncle Jayendra built a large Buddhist vih&ra named JayendraVitastii,
And
The new
oity
six laos
of houses, it conits
tained
market
places,
and
high bouses
in the
from
J>
whose
tops,
rainy
In
was in the
centre of the
In
* See Appendix F.
54
KINGS OF XJfHXUftlA.
the
And
the royal
buy the world a thousand times. The forehead of tho king was marked with the sigu of aula over whioh bis
trhite hairs flowed like
Shiva.
II.
named Vajrendra, son pf Jayendra, buill a Tillage named Bhavaohohheda witfe**^%ityas <fce. He had other chief ministers named Kum&rasena &c. of great
renown.
He was
ministers
succeeded
by
his
sou
Narendraditya
alias
He
had two
and his
named Vajra and Kanaka sons of Vnjrendra; queen's name was Vimalaprabha. He died after
after
building an
office for
called Tungof
came
to
the throne.
He was
He
destroyed
many
country.
human form
* See Appendix Q,
KINGS
01?
KASBMfRA,
05
was shining
like
a cluster of jewels.
many
And when
Kashmira as ^* was bora, she said, to be bis wife. "Whereupon her father without delay, sent her to the
house of his friend the king of Kuluta, to wbioh distant
country Kanaditya gladly camo and married her, and
made
woman
a black bee.
The kiug
raised
called
them
after his
of
He
and barrack
for a battalion.
In the
sun,
which. he
famous.
See Appendix H,
66
KINGS of Kismtfiu.
it
was
also set-up
an image
built
of Bud'
by Bhinni
The queen Ranarambhi taught the king the incanta* by -virtue of whioh one could
for many years the king devoted
He
retired
Nandishu* ; and at
years.
many
Told
of
way
for
he
and
with
his citizens
females,
Thus
after reign-
ing for three hundred years, the king went to the god
of Pdtdla where salvation
certain.
On
were the
best,
and in these
Bima and
r
The
them
Him
who set up a
had two
former raised
ministers
named Yikrameshvara. This prince named Brahma and Galium, The a monastery named Brahma matha; and the
a Yihara.
After
KINGS OF KlSmrfRA.
57
wives to wocp.
can
still
He
conquered
named Kdlamvya for th^ habitations of the Kashmirians. And in Kashmira he built a village named Bhedara in tho district of Madava for Brahmanas to dwell in. His favourite queon Vimva
Eangk&Ea, and built a city there
set
up a Shiva
to
that
attend
tho
Vimveshvara.
His ministers
Now
this
named AnanggalekhjL
an astrologer seeing her one day with her father pvophesied'to the king that his son-in.law would reign hereafter,
ditya.
line of Gonanda would end in BilThe king not wishing that the kingdom would
oppose fate
man named
Durlabbavardbathinking that
What
58
KINGS OP KiSHJifRA..
it
makes
great.
He
fortuuately
became beloved
and good
of all
on account of
his
intellect,
and
of
father-in-law
bocause
On
husband.
Her
huB-
band j
all
Having frequent
fell
oppor-
tunities
of seeing the
minister KhafgflTNie
iu love
This amour
fear,
wore
off
her shams,
and
dignity,
and sho
shameless.
The
of
of him*
came at
The
thoughts of his
Ho found
long
this
He
unpardonable guilt
en-
alternately after
and
much
controlled his
anger.
KINGS OF KASmtfBA.
passion
gets
59
is
;
very pleasant
looks into the
of
in private
husband and
;
men
like
him
Blights
and attends
fe-
who are
against
any
pleasure in
them
in
bed with
They are
men
by
it.
Who
"
spasmodic
cation of passion,
can be enjoyed in
feelings are disci-
common
tickle,
wherefore then a
man whose
1
Women
are naturally
Or what
is
them
so 1
is
If the meeting of
two per-
passion
1
an honorable
one's
act,
what
then
is
dishonorable
And
since
of
me why do I not first kill love which is the prime root And to destroy love, I must destroy jealousy, all?
If'ske* deserves* death
first,
totally
Thus he
60
Kims OF
KASHMfftA.
When
Dug.
won
He
so
and the
princess,
was saved, in
much
buried in thoughts as
injured husband.
how
i
four
dy-
Now
after
months VaUditya
Aud
duly crowned the late king's son-in-law, bathing him with, the waters collected from holy places and poured
from a golden vessel; aud the kingdom thus passed from the Gonanda dynasty to that of Karkota Naga as passed the Gauges from heaven to the head of 'Shiva.
fifty-
lana, sou of
Here ends the third book of R&jataranggini by KaliCliampaka Prabhu the jgfreaC minister of
*
ftiahimra.
[Invocation to
Hara Pabvati
many
as usual.]
Durlabhavardhana had
monastery named
dieted
that
children.
The queen's
a.
Anangabhavana.
An
astrologer
pre
the boy raised a god Mahlauasvami. The king bestowed a village named Chandra near the lull Vishokakot$: upon the Brahnaanas. He also set up a
Hari
named Durlabhasvauu
at Shriuagara,
and died
after
q ueen
Anauga then
reigned,
whom he was
He
who
built a village
named Hannmata
towa
named Pratapapura, where merchants from many places came and settled ; and among others Nona from Boblta, This Nona built Nouamatha for the habitation of the Bialimauas of ''Rojjita. * The king was pleased with hiin,
aud invited him, au3. the merchant passed with him a day
and a uight amidst eutertaiuments befitting a king.
in the
When
in
63
kings op KisnufaA.
wards tho king was invited by the merchant, the king saw
that a rich stone,
iustead
,of
beauti-
of the merchant,
atone
On
the other
hand the
to her,
and she
also
them
in their previous
birth, or
Hid
for a
abort time
as she went
he often rebuked himself, and reasoned with himself, it was all of no avail. " Fie," said the king' to himself,
" what a sinful affection has grown
up
in
my
heart
How
reigns
of
powerful
is
love,
!
that
it
As
a king, I
should be afraid
across
wifei
me
If the
king himself
robs another of
!"
his
who* then
lady.
shall
Thus reasoning
nor forget
he
the the
rthe
The
and he was on
pomt
of death.
When
the
KIHGS OF KAanMfBi.
people of tko
vo^tely
G3
ill
Now
for
when
is
life
not be done.
opinion
authority, have
when a man
I
an end,
"
your benefit
can give up
pleasure?
If'
my
life,
why
no^ then,
an
objeot
of
offer,
shall
send
for
she
dances well,
and then
by
his
own
much
abashed, aooepted
the lady.
named
Shrinarendreshvara.
la
even as the
white raindrops
hills is
fall
from
black
steel,
af-
clouds.
From
the blunt
She
of
and
Lalitaditya.
64
His son
KINGS OT KA&HMfRA.
Chandrapida, otherwise
:
called Vajiiditya,
he performed
king.
many good
deeds,'
and was a
-very
-virtuous
He
equally possessed
qualifications,
;
He was
fctvorcd
vices
he
equally
his people
one
him
for
his
good works.
;
He
He
made many
longing
clear
UereJ must
end the
my
narrative.
When
building a temple to
fell
Tri-
within
tLe
boundary marked
offered to him.
for
the temple,
At
last
when
the
men
in charge of the
having commenced
They were
told
either
to
reduce
for he,
" to
ad-
if
will act
At
this
man
.from the
ministeis.
shoe-maker,
KINGS Or KiSHJlfflA.
63
This
Jijing,
man
and
ho wtts
held,
king -when at
and out of
his court.
when out
in
of
tna
sum
listen
of m^ney.
"Be
but
my
-words according to
my judgment.
am meaner
liue
of Kakutstha,
to
see
us
talking
is
The body
of the living
is
brittle,
but
As
unadorned'.
is
What
handsome palace
ib
is
to you, that
my hut to
witness of
my
rows from
my birth,
Who
and
taken
his
away
house
to-day!*
is
grief
which a
man
feels
when
his
housfe
kingdom.
Even
it,
after
all
this, if
you come to
my
it
and ask
for
then out of
up
to thee."
house
06
KINGS OF KASHMfRA.
it. The good are not vain though possessed The shoe-maker f claspeil his bauds together
and bought
of wealth,
and
he had taken
befitting
so*
for the
;
him
prosliving
admired by the
pious,
Thus the
siuloss
His queen
Mihi-
named
Pr&kashika.
set
of theking^
up an
up a god named
ChhalitaavAini
town.*
The death
for
of the
performed by aBrahmano.t
whom
the king
had punished
It was
from
When
the king
to
Who
does
of
king
Fate, by a mistake,
had
The Brihmana's
I.
intellect
be-.
Seo Appendix
story is related in
Appendix
I.
"
KINGS OP KASIIMfBA.
67
king.
This reign,
many
virtuous acts.
He
The
fierce
after
murdering his
The
first
was
whom he
He
Man
for others,
just as
gives
He was
He was
his
against those
victory.
who subPeople
moment
of his
from the
cities
*m conquest.
He
rious
arms
to the oast.
He
kubja)
wisely submitted.
But
is
6 8
KINGS OF KiSHMfnA.
the spring.
"Peace
to
varmma and
as
his army^ras
his
of the fire
office':
which he
and
created
had existed
Before-
in which
made
heads.
The
five
are thus
Constabulary, the
Military
Department,
Yasho-
varmma and
The
poets Yik-
pati, Bfijashri
and Bhavabhuti,
&o,,
who were
in the court
to the king of
Kinyakubja,
even
own
house.
east.
And
and pursued
approach.
south, conquering as
his
he went.
Karnata submitted
on
named
Ratti
KISGS OF KASHltfRA.
as far as the
GO
Vindya
hillg, also
submitted to him.
The
army then
palm
trees,
Thence he
king crossed
;
marched
the
to
Chaudau&ln.
And then
the
and thence
inarched towards
of .his victory.
the west,
lie
and the
much
thereby.
Western Sea.
hills''
named
Mahiliala.
finding that almost all the kings
Lalit&litya,
had been
fight
conquered,
his
north,
and had to
way with the haughty kings in that direction. He robbed the king of Kimvoja of hi? horses. In the
mountains of Bhuskhim the horses of the king became
eicited at the
sight
of the
horse-faoed
women
of
the
country,
He He
Darad.
Here the
soft
wind charged
forest in fire.
a sea of sand.
females,
and
it
and
soldiers
The
queen.
70
KINGS OF KiSHUftU.
The people
of
North Knru
spoils of
He
To mark
his oonquest,
bound by generally
and,,
olasping
shaving the
To
them
to
wear in
their
a town or
village, or island,
or river, or
where he did
These monuments he
named according
set out
to
When
he
on his expedition, he
When
he
built
another
in
named Darpitapura, or the " City of Pride," which he set np an image of Keshava. And when his
he raised another city ' which he named
fruit
or
effect).
He
com-
amusement named
females'
the
name
be set up sn
KINGS OF KiSEMfEU.
image of Nrisingha
71
Whon
In
a town
auger.
of the sun,
to
At Hushka-
He
>
current coin.
On
purification.
Ho
and lauds to
He also
to
He
erected
for
the spiritual
and bestowed
it
with-roany villages
to god Vi&hnu.
He
lie
built a beautiful
Here
set
up a
silver
being
made of goM.
Uovaidhanadhara,
image of
of, stone
ft
banner,
up an image
of GoroiSt.
He
72
KEN-GS
OP KiSHMfaA.
and a monastery.
The image
fo/ojj
that
of
Slniparihisakeshava
sitter.
was
huilt
of
The image
of
of
Buddha which he
set
np
was
built
eighty-four
The
rich
Tho
jewels, furniture
and
villages
also set
up hundreds
of
wonderful images.
waa very
rich,
sot
up
s\
silver
Kamalakeshava.
image of Shiva
named
erected
Mitreshvara
vimi; he
of Buddha.
alse
a vihira
rashefcaugkuna raised a
vihara
Buddha.
named,
Chakramardiki, a
favourite
queen of
Lalitaditya, built a
B: a hrnaira
KIN03 OS KASHMfEA.
1
73
gods.
The
of
Changkuna,
having
obtained
The king
oue
kk aud
ouc plates
filled
with food.
He
also
caused
men
from''
of
might find
other
water,
there.
He
invited prudent
men
countries,
nnd
ICangkanavarsha,
Tho
king
which he
man a Magadan
This
statue
for
of
Buddha
certain jewels
of mysterious
properties.^
statue
Chaugkuna
by iron
railings.
woods
Tho king who was a good horseman, onoo rode to the to break a new horse. There, iu a solitary part of
woman
singing,
and
an-
other dancing.
finished
their
for
works,
The king
some days
wenftp tto same place, riding on the same and saw the same Bight. One day, being questioned
king,
by the astonished
served,' in
the
girls
replied,
that" they
* See Appendix J,
See Appencfis
K
o
74
KINGS OF ElSHllfltA.
" Tradition
is invisible."
this
to be dug.
and saw a
And
were
-I
built
by Rma and
Lakshinttfia.
By
the side
of
Ramasv&mf, one
of
placed
it
beside Cuakreshvaro..
When
wounds
man
with
fresh
laid himself
down
on which
wounded and
bleeding,
saved.
to him.
He
replied that he
was the
of the sandy
Sindhu,
the
The king
the king
of Sindhu,
ea-minister.
suffering
attend, on the
The
llINGS
OF KiSEMfBA.
75
live,
when he
bidding
it is
was revenged,
was
fitting $hat
he should
die,
and
" Bat
injure
How
how
will
him
I will
will
your
My
proach, so
you
Thus
desert.
When
fifteen
days
Still
the soldiers
He
then asked
how much
of the
remaining.
of the
Then way
replied
to the
1
my life,
is
and
army
can
to
the
way
here,
of death.
not
merely
b barren
place,
no -water
be
had
who
will
save
you
7C
to-day
1
KINGS 05 KiSHMflU,
"
motionless like a
The king heard the lamentations of the frightened soldiers and lifted his hand to stop their ories and said, " I am
glad,
l!ut
!
to your master,
on
me
your deception
is
;
and you
will
now
grieveJov
a jewel.
As
the
my
The
and
then began to
flow,
The
now
for
The
in the
through various
flowipg m,JJttarpatIia.
of wonderful anecdotes
Though
there
are thousands
them for
as oven noiseless
rooks,
and deep
their clear
and
KIITGS
OP KiSHMfUA.
rainy season.
Is
it
77
the
water
fault
is
turned
muddy
in the
when dwelling at Parihisapura in the company women and intoxicated with wine, he told his minip.
wished to increase the beauty of his
city,
they should
Pravarasena.
bum
and
set fire
to the
The king
filled
things belonging to
really are
;
more
moon
this single
&c, double.
king,
For
if it
were not
why should
who
built numberless
cities,
consider the
fit
to *>e destroyed.
sin
sober
he
grieved at the
Grief
in
the heart
On
The
then
as one
is
whom
him,
in
lost.
He
to
obey
influence of wine.
The world
like
78
like
KINGS 01 KiSHMiRA.
1'ie
te
those
;
who
for their
own
On
Gaura of his
afterwards caused
tit
'
Trigr$,m{.
The people
powerful, and for the death of their king they were ready
to give
up
their lives.
Some of
having
of
Parihasakeshava.
in the city,
and the
priosts
entrance, shut
up the gates
of
On
the other
whose
silver,
its
by the
it to
it
and mistaking
seat
side.
and broke
on every
They
by the
soldiers
who
were in the
and were
They
their
on the ground.
What
came
all
this distance,
and perished
for the
their king.
And
powerful servants,
The
favourite
god Parihasakeshava
KINGS OB KiSHMfBA.
was thus savod
place of the
l/y
79
The
latter
of tho heroes of
Gaura
Anxious
The orders
of this
kiug were obeyed in realms where the sun did not shine.
The ministers
for
long
whom
" What a
have I to
mistake
it is
my
return when. I
What
business
kingdom leaving behind the new kingdoms whioh I conquer every day 1 The river issuing from its
source terminates in the sea, but the oareer of
my own
him who
and reign
am
instructing
do,
accordingly.
men
a quarrel
among you, for like atheists they hare no fear The people who dwell iu the oaves
for
suffice
them
for
them
DSmaras
become powerful
80
enough to
set
KINDS
01?
aside tho
know
of
it.
When the
ornaments, horses and houses like the citizens; when tengB neglect to watch important forts
;
when thej
j
are
when
;
the
when
*wheu
worse.
my advice,
scent
and
let
of this.
As by
so
of
man
can be ascertained.
My
sons
there
is
difference
in
The
when he
or-
is strong, still if it
ders.
If
commits
suicide,
remember
my
you be
grieved.
My
if
you do never
still
disobey him.
And though he
'
be oppressive
grandson,
',
To my youngest
be like your
The
One
KINGS
day Changkuna after
01?
KisnitfRA*
said to the poople
is
81
much wooping
dead."
lie learnt
dia-
by magio
for
things.
;
the lotus
the sunbeams.
secret
powers,
not
apparent to others,
by which they oan effect difficult The king died after a reign of things from a distance. Some thirty-six years, ^evon months and eleven days.
say he perished at A,'iynaka snow.
glory
by an untimely
fall of
heavy
up
his
Again, there
are others
who
are
of opinion
army
also
entered
king
is
strange, so
When
some
fire,
others say he
Even
so
when the great are dead the tidings of their death pro-
by
slough.
The
quarrel
their depend-
At last the
82
KIHGS OP KlSHMfRA.
king overoamo his younger brother and also the dependants who took
money
of
Now, having
strength,
he was ambitions
But
at
remembering the
Kuvalayipira
at
But
assuaged, he wondered
to
it fit
himself
" Who
take po
many
lives.
ever lives in
self?
committing crimes
for
the sake of
What
reasonable
mau wants
to violate
1
the path
of
in
childhood
to-day they
see
our
beards grown aud our faces looking red like ' copper in
and hair
disfigured
like
head of an
of
old
Thus thinking
peace,
on
left
the
mutability
man,
and valuing
he
At the time
of his
wMoh
in
Go
mind
you
This seer-king
may
be
seen by
<-tho
KINOS OF KiSHMfRA.
good even to this day at Shrf
hill
83
and other
the
places.
kingdom, the
minister
Mitrasharmm with
his
Him
The
brother
Yajr&ditya
also
called
He
robbed Parihi-
sapura of
it.
many
gifts
This luxurious
sold
He
many
He was
He was dethroned by
born of queen Massa.
days.
This prince
the ministers,
him according
of king Lalitadiiya
I,
and being ambitious of conquest, he collected an army scud set cut of his country. Arriving at the gate of
chiefs,
81
KINGS
there as to
Off
KiSHMfai.
men
the
The
old
mra
"What
is
repeated again.
litters
He had one
But the king did not think the oonquesj; of the world difficult with the army he had collected, as he thought times had muoh changed siuoo the days of
thousand."
his grandfather. of his gvandsire.
The old mon found n him the spirit 'When the king" had gone far out
and ascended
hand, many
the throne of
soldiers
Kdshmira.
them,
and
apny and
returned
Thus
deserted, yet
resolved to show
the frowns of
who
There having
ascer-
number
of his horses,
he presented one
lak
rioh* offerings.
And
there
markod with
that
his
he who should be
might pull down Jayipira's monument, ancT erect hiu own. The Gauges still laves with its waters the mami-
kings of KlanwfaA.
85
meut marked with the name of Jayapira. He then ordered his soldiers to rolutn home, and separating himself
Long peace had made the citizens rich which it gave The king know dancing, and naturenough wished to see a dance, and entered the
ally
(emple of Karttikeya.
,it
For a time he
lie
sat
on a stono
had an
air of majesty
in
they
moved
abide
from him.
It so
dancing girl
king,
She
also
marked that
in
"
May
" he
is
a king
is
it!
or
a king's son or
his
as he goes
dances thougTT^ke
thus habit
so
for
work-
to
a bosom friend
of hers^ bidding
placed his
placed
a betel
there,
and
SG
putting
it
KINGS OF KiSHMfRA.
to
bis
her.
He
she
He
him
to Kamala's house.
Now when
the
moon had
took hor gues>t by the hand, and led him to her bed
voom.
girl,
drunk
And when
!
said
" It is not,
not touched
my
heart, but
owing to
my
present
respond-
misfortunes I
am
by not
am your
my
history,
and
esouse me.
till
Know
that I have
vowed not
to enjoy
pleasures
I have done
my
task."
So saying he played
re-
a tune with
his fingers
:
cited a verse
not
satisfied,
can he think of
woman ? The
his
When
On
and
KINGS OS ElSQMlRA.
87
When
lie
Ilskod ,the
:
" At night
;
cause
of their anxiety,
there comes
it
many lives
day by day
destroys
man, elephant,
one
her
city
horse,
late
we were
from
his
house at
^From a
vijry smile
He
ears erected.
mane shaking, his eyes burning, and his He lifted up the forepart of his body and
The
active king thrust his
lion,
hand up
The
single stroke.
his blood,
the
wound
the house or
Kamali.
lion
had been
it.
and urged by
curiosity,
see
huge
killed
had destroyed
surprised
He
was, however,
when a
follower of his gave him a eyurat on the upper arm] taken out from the
mouth
of the lion,
88
KINGS OF KiSHMfRA.
How came
addressed them
"Why
are
you
O men
is
of little sense,
now
that
It
rumoured that
for
certain
false
name of
prince
Kallata.
am
my
Ho
ought to be sought
it will
and
if
seeking,
bo as one
who seeks
all
precious stones.
will
He must
be in
this
city,
and ho who
Tho
citizens,
trusting in tho
word
of their at last
stop*
his
truthful kiug,
made search
after Jayipira,
and
Kashmira was
ministers and his ladies oame to the place, and with due attention conveyed
him
to
his
And
then he
made his father-in-law paramount over them. The army which l^'IIad left behind under the command of DevaBharmml, the son of Mittrasharrumi, the minister of his grandfather, joined him
and at the request of his general he returned to his country with his wife and Kamali. On his way he
defeated the king of Kiuyabubja,
him
KWG3 OP
KiSlIMfRi,
89
came out
against him.
An
was fought
of Pushkaletra.
villages
and
forests
flocked to Jayipira,
who could not brook the usurper, who was beloved of his subjects.
battle,
one Shrfdeva, a
Jajja.
villager,
and a Ghandila by
the battle,
oaste,
sought for
They pointed
water
buf being
thirsty
he was drinking
Jajja
is
"
Now
killod
by me,"
tiling.
When he had
for food.
Jajja's
he had said
to his
had asked
to kill Jajja.
to tho
dying.
lie
Thus he ceigued
kingdom which
gained by rebellion.
He
The
is
gH
tfie
kingdom by
rebellion.
After the
death of
aud by
his
good ^worka
city
]
set
90
kings on KAamufiu,
also raised a city
and Kamala
name.
named EamaU
after hoc
several
He
tiie
He
iuvited
men from
employed thflm
on the annotations
tical
of
aphorisms.
u&d
to
take
les-
Ho
never
praise
nor tolerated
self-praise,
title
of the learned.
The
of pandita
was more
prized
He
listened to
whatever learned
men
said,
and
so
Such was
together learned
courts
men, that
of
men
of
lore
other kings.
In Shukradanta's house of
charity,
where boiled
rice was distributed, one learned man named Thakriya was made the head. Anothor learned man named Udbhatabhatta was made the president
of his court
on a daily pay of
poet,
ofle
lr'Tofdmiras.
He
made D&modaragupta a
who had
The
poets of
Chataka and
others.
Saudhim&na; and
Vamaua and
KINGS OE KiSHMfiu.
sun was rising from
tlje
91
west,
What joys
feel,
who,
like
appetites.
As
who
is
determined
the dead
to fellow
is to
when placed on the funeral pyre ; as the juioo of the sugarcane is to one who has lost his taste by Mahdmoka
disease; as the
went
of
the garland
is
to the dead]
cvon so
is
he tore the
Yibhishaua,
war and peaco, fell overand was swallowed by a Timi fish ; but bowels of the fish and reached the shore.
kiug of Ceylon, gave him five BakshasaB...
The kiug bestowed much wealth on the messenger, and caused the Eakshasas to fill up a deep tank, and build a fort named Jayapura
which equalled heaven in beauty.
three large images of Buddha,
The kiug
set
up
a monastery, and an
Ho
up images
of
Pima and
filled
his brothers,
and of
Vishnu reposing
caused? the
on a snake.
tank to be
Some say that the king up by his workmen, and doing some other work. Once
him
to cause a city
02
like
KINGS of kAshmIra.
ba built surrounded by water, and he built a town so surrounded, which the people, even o
Dv&ravaU
to
In this
oity,
Jayadeva,
who was
Jjefore]
built
a monastery
son-in-law of
of Mathuri,
who was
subject to the
The kiug again set out for conquest. He had a large army with him; his elephants appoared"as a continuation of hills as far as the sea, and his army'stretohed from
the Himalaya to the Eastern Hills.
r&ja,
At night Summunithe
army.
named Vinayadityapura.
and brave and persevering,
yet
doubtful.
fort
Kings
may
be great
He
brother of Jajja,
spy,
and understanding
had come as a
all
he gave information
to Bhimasena who,
him.
man.
Jayipira,
It
so
happened
spiders,
at
this
juncture,
disease
caused by
broke out
of Bhimasena.
its
The
disease
effect,
and persona
kings
attacked with
it
01?
Kisnurfiu.
fellows.
03
Jayi-
and caused
;
his
meu
it
secretly to bring
ho ate
fever
Now
prevailing disease,
therefrom,
Thus
he captured the
engage himself
iu
When
army
the
of
and sometimes
sight of his
enemy's army.
Having conquered
vjith his soldiers
encamped
by
within a short
breeze
wE^H.
ca"ne
from the
sea.
After which he
the Nepila
army encamped on
eight
the
of the
army
of" the
theiirv
notes of war.
Ami
9d
deep,
KINGS.
OF KlSHUiKA,
place,
he
had gone
half wajj,
in,
The
king's
The
cries
sides.
At
this
The
favors of Fortune
aud
of clouds
own no
law, for
favors, but
in the next
moment
and
day,
clouds, while
summer
hurl down
The king
of Hep&la confined
him
in a
and appointed
The king
was so
Bee him.
nigh,
of Kashmira once
to do,
knowing what
burnt with
the
was
Even
to this
day the
kind-hearted pundilas
remember the
lines
which the
KINGS OF kAbhm!ea.
termining to roscue his master at the risk of his
aT sweet-tongued
life,
95
sent
to
give
up
to the
dom
of Jayapira.
And
He reached the" army entered Nepala. left his army on its banks, and crossed He was
introduced
well received
in
by
fche
king
to sit
down
to his
his presence.
But
as
travelling,
Devasharmma came
after drinking
lodgings
of tho day.
On the nest
to
retired
The
known
to the
king
Kashmfra
alone,
and
some of
his faithful
officers.
treasures,
by
holding out to
army
here,
ioi"^ they to
whom the
But
if
the soldiers be
may
went to Jayipira.
He was grieved
9G
KINGS OP KiSHMIRA.
clearing tlio
.
and
Btill
room of
nil others,
if
he
kept up his
spirits.
said Up,
"
if
your courage
fails
thee
" "When I
am
thus
You
to the s
army that
said
is
there
is
a leather bag,"
crossed,
it.
the king,
"the
nud
if
will
burst,
usehss
and
after being
first ohas-
the
minister,
"Wait for two dandas," said " and then come alone and you will see
foe."
it
the
the
without
alone
he found
his mi-
" I
aud
it
following
is stuffed
am
my body
with
air,
;
will
will not
break
ride on
me and
I have tied a
cloth round
your thighs."
you* legj^TIthin it up to The seutenoe was written in the blood of his body, whioh he had taken out with his nails.
thighs, thrust
my
At
''
first
fit
the
sight,
but
he
availed
himself of the
opportunity,
and plunging
KINGS OP KiSHMfflA.
opposite bank.
97
There,
within a
short
knew
of his
Mitrasbarama?
spite
of his
beoause of the
him
which cannot
be killed.
oc-
From
this
seat of
;
Kama.
beitig
He
raised
a building
his
and
distant from
office,
he
ed Chalaganja,
kingdom
exteuded to
country,
He
and surrouuded by
the glory he
had attained.
in a hill at
Krama,
minus one
alone,
He
* See
Appendix D.
98
pride of kings,
KINGS OF KlSnllffiA.
and
left
a task lo be accomplished by
,
other princes.
^
left
the path
The
the
it
of foreign
their advice,
and began
and
as advised
by tho Kayasthas.
Tfys devices
he had
slave his
own mon.
for
beeu intended
comfort
now
He murdered
flattered him,
mauy
persons
no one spoke well of him, even in dream. Prostitutes and kings both conlmit sins : the one cruelty and the other
fickleness.
is
sins,
'
The one
not
grieved
even to
kill his
parents,
the other to
embrace low men. In this way the king reigned for three years with such cruelty, and plundered even
the cultivator's share of the harvest.
-Hie- gain
overhis
turned his
friendsj
senses;
plunder,
themselves
the rest.
Even
Btahmanas who
to oppose the king.
always
Some
them
fled
KINGS OP KkSBUfai..
as the
00
but at last tlioy
king began to
kill
many
of them.
togoLher,
thougli
ho continued
plunder them.
The
cruel king
Br&hmanas should ba
kjlled in
one day.
And when
after
of the
Chaudrabhiga
sion
of Tulamula,
he was
in
informed
the
that ninety-nine
of that river.''
Br&hmanas
had,, perished
'waters'
From
to
granted to
by men of other
king,
castes.
presence
by
his
door-keeper,
and
consequently were
very angry.
can destroy in a
earth with
its
moment
her mountains,
Ngga
chief."
"You cunning
is
this of
do what the
ltishis did."
thus replied:
"We
;
100
king, even so
KINGS 07 KiSHMfuA.
enquired:
we are Rishis." The king scornfully "Art thou the great Rishi Vishvamitra v
And, as
if
"Vashishta or Agastha?"
"
If
or Nahusha, theu I
am one
with
and
"
will
not
my
Then said rthe angry king, Brahmadanda on thee?" " let fall the Brahmadanda, why delajr it longer 1"
"
ibaid
cruel
manj
there
it falls."
And no
into
sooner had
fell
Iitti
on the
in-
king.
erysipelatous
He
of what he would
have to
in
hell.
punish without
fault,
and perished.
restrained
by no
limits,
which thirsting
for
muddy water
set
up a god named Amritakeshava for the salvation of his soul. He was succeeded by his son Lalitapira by queen
Durgi.
Ho was
KINGS OF KASHMfKA,
royal duties,
101
to
and
in
his
reign
prostitutes obtained
influence,
and
his
evil
ways
we prevalent.
spont
The
to
ill-gotteu
wealth
actors,
of
father was
by him ou danoers,
access
&o.
of
Bad
men
gained
the palace
art
as friends
prostitutes,
of
women.
The king
his father
kingdom
pleased
his
women,
he did not
touch them.
And
had
his
men
so
as to
king.
In his court,
of
prostitutes.
There
is,
no way
for it is useless to
or
work
his
evil.
The king
took
named
Suvarnapfrshva,
He reigned
102
KINGS
03?
KASmdRA.
He was
uame
He
assumed tte
and reigned
After
him Chippatajayipu'a,
He
was
the
of
Lalitipfra's concubine
named
Jayidevi,
This
on account
of
held the fiTe principal posts, and the others held other
posts.
The
orders of
Jayidevf,
mother of the
set
king,
She
up a god named
kings
The wealth BUved by parsimonious soon squandered by some successor. The king
his
spent
the
uncles
their
appropriated
sister
had gaiued by
fortunate
appreafter
And
these wicked
men
killed their*
nephew by
magic, in
died
The king
up with
pride
and could not brook that any one among themselves would
KtNG8
reign.
03?
EAsHmIrA.
103
up a puppet king, but they could not agree in their cboioe, and so they quarrelled. Tribhuvanapfra, son of king Vappiya by queen Meghavali, though the eldest, was not crowned, because all did not
They wished
to set
agree.
Jayidevi,
in opposi-
the
five
But the king could not brothers equally, for when he spoke
were displeased.
please
to one
of
them the
rest
The
five brothers
who
appropriated
th<
many
houses of god$ in
the
&e
set
city.
They with
said
kingdom
wliioh
may bo
to
a king,
built a
tftpala
up a god named
and
Fadma
up a god
namod Padmasvami, and a town named Fadmapura. The wife of Fadma named Gunadevi, built two temples, one withiu the city, and the other at Vyayeshvara.
Dharmma
Vishuu.
Kalyauavarmma
away as
five
up a god named Dharmmasvaml, and set up Kalyiuasv&mi, an image of Mamma Bet up a god Mammasvann", and gave
set
gift
eighty-five
Who
can estimate
wealth,
much
1
less
the
accumulated
riob.es,
by whatever "means
The
than
the
houses
t>f
them were
far larger
other temples
which stood
beside them.
From
104
Kishmifian
era
KiNOs
89, *
ol?
KAsnultiA,
their
wlien
nephew
died,
till
now
Mamma
"poet
and
Utpalafca,
and
it
was
so obstinately fought
The
Shaukuka described
this battle in
his
work named
of
"Bhuvanabhyudaya.
Mamma,
then
of
The
victorious
party
son
Sangiimipfra.
rmij
kingdom.
and Sukhato
the
varmma
throne.
Utpalapiva
sou of
Ajit&piro,
Eatna the minister for peaoe and war, who had amassed
muoh
wealth, set
up a temple
for
the god
Batnasvimi.
village Vimal&shvji,
who were
latter
&c,
livod
at
the
place as princes.
The
line
of Karkota became
thrive.
When Sukhavarmm*
friend Shushka.
vavmmi
*
son of SukhavavmrnS, to be
of the book,
* Wirti the exception of the calculation of date at the beginning which will be found in our Appendix. A. thus ia the The first instance where the author haa given a dato to an event, K4?hmlrirms calculated era by centuries. Here the year (ft signiilei tha 80th year of the century which was then current.
-^
fit for
_
the throue
KINGS OP KASHMflU.
and in order to prevoqt disturbances
Jio
101)
in tho
Kishmirmn
era
king Utpalapua,
This
man
father
if
the sun
and at the time of his being crowned he was surrounded by the prinoes of iiis race.
Heie
ends ithe
7ourtu
book of
Rgjatarangiui
groat minister
by
of
Kiihlana sou of
Kishmfra.
months,
Altogether there
t This is
of course
lod
BOOK
V.
[Invocation.]
Avantivarmma
aud
ter
l)y liia
cleared the
kingdom
of all enemies,
The
miuih-
forgiv-
and
The
wiscjiing,
his
manner
to
to crime.
There
is
none who W
with
She
solicited.
The
Why
fear
of departed kings?
Who
oau
feel
of
And who
left
does not
feel
terri-
touch these
ornaments
by them' with
their
I
regrets
KINGS OF ici-smifiu.
107
persons."
Wealth
is
purified
Thus thinking, the king broks the golden ornaments and One Brahmana thiugs, and gave them to Brahmanas.
instead of
saying,
" admirable
king,"
when he
re-
him by name Tho king was so pleased at this that The king gave away lie bestowed much wealth on him. in oharity retaining only his Chdmara and everything
ceived the gift, addressed
!
able
Avanti
"
umbrella,
bis predecessors.
friends
him
to
to
This
Kunw&vmma bestowed
Ilastikarna
Khadhuyi
and
gods named"
king also set
The holy
and
up
a Matha, the
pride
of the world,
bedtowed
the village
of Pancbahnsta on Brahmanas.
Rama and
one of Samnrasvmf.
them.
*
Eailfoa,
the heaven
108
KINGS OP KiaHMf&A.
sot
of
celebrated, was
sitor.
built a
He
had a
tame shuka bird who accompanied other Shuhas and brought many pearls ; whereupon the miuister built the
celebrated Slmk&vali.
many
learned
to
the
well
this
drawn by
authors
and were
The
following
flourished in
reign
P.atnikara.
Shura used to repeat the following sloka in the court " This is the time to do as a hint to his master.
pood, while fortune lasts, for fortune
is
naturally
fleeting,
and danger
fa
always at hand,
comes,
there will be
raised
Shura
many
for Hara-
shrine
Sureshvari.
ing set
Aud havof
He
built
up an
image
kiwqs of KiamifaA.
of Shiva
109
named Bhutcshvara
-wife,
at Suroshvari,
and built a
K&vyaat
enclosure of
Shiiramatha.
his
set
Sureshvarf,
The king who had no vanity in him, allowed his brothers and Shura and SMra's sous to bear the royal arms. The king was from his childhood a Vishnuvite,
but out of regard for Shlra he inclined towards
vaisrn.
Shi-
Ho
built the
Bara
vation.
up the
And
made
life
One
offerings,
befitting
wealth, to god
beloved
his
Now
this
of the villages
attached
is
110
all
kinos ou KiemifnA.
to tbo
god."
ljot to 'hear
feigning to
But
and began
learnt the
And when he
He
nnd
in
Dhanva,
But no
The
bleedto
that the
and wondered,
pain was gone.
Vert
aud
The minister then raised him from his and caused him to finish his woiship. Thus the mi-
nister
to serve
who understood the motives of the king, was roady him and even to sacrifice his own life, although not ordered to do so. The king and the minister were
never angry with each other, and never have
'a
king
of.
KINGS OP KlSHMfaA.
Ill
For ton years during this reign, animals did not kill
<
se another
in so
much
tlrtit
Patina fish
left
the cold
water,
and basked
fearlessly
the banks.
and other
sages.
And
is long,
briefly the*
them
many
rivers
and lakes,
It
was owing to
was
land had
beon a
little
increased.
But
after
tho king?
feeble,
And
a famine.
iifros
sold at one
thousand and
per kharf.*
To
;
save
men and
it
calamity,
Suyya,
,
No
one
knew
actions
of
his
birth
aud
that,
although
Yuga, ha
caste,
a chandalf by
in
it,
and
per-
forming
Japa;
and
its
lotus
leaves.
dtonad=l
kluEri.
112
ing, suddenly,
KINGS OF KiSHMfKA.
and out
came
child with
oaste, to
whom
child
she gave
money onough
;
for
support.
The
and when
iD a rich
Ho
and
intellect, considered
as chief in the
of the
learned.
Ono
day,
grieving on
and ho^oould^thoreforo
to
give
no
liis
rcdross.
spies,
the king by
to bo
as to what ho
had
Baid.
He
fearlessly repeated
had
intellect
but no money.
The
pronounced him to be
intellect, placed
mad
all
his
Suyya took
to
out
many
Madava.
Although the courtiers pronounoed him to bo undoubtedly mad, tho king heard of his work, and enquired as to
what he did
At Yaksbadara in Kvamarajya ho began- to throw dinnaras by handfuls into tho water. The Yitasti was there obstructed by rocks which had fallen
afterwards.
and tho
villagors
for the
who wero
began to search
KINGS OF KiSmiflU,
dinuaras,
,
'
113
in,
and
in so
No
Suyya
raised a stone
VitastjL,
whioh was
Ho then cleared the bed and theu broke down the embaukmeufs.
river flowed
sea,
as
if
anxiously and
eagerly,
this
long
detention;
and consequently
Ho
then cu
now
canals
the oourse
river
had been
obstructed.
river,
Thus
many streams
main
Sindhu which
And oven to
town
exists
this
;
made to meet one another at Vainyasvami. day the junction made by Suyya near this
as
also the
Vainyasvami at Phalapura
And
to
tbem.
a embankment seven yojanas in length ; and thereby brought tho waters of tho Mahapadma lake under oonsaised
tuoL
He
He joined
Hahipadma with
114
KINaS OP KiSHMfRA.
maqy populous
villBges
The*
is
very
plentiful.
Even
to
this
whioh were
Suyya may be
distinguished.
When
the
He
exa-
mined
villages, the
country became
Thus Suyya
a bumper
crop, but since his time the same quantity has sold at
Ho
built
a beautiful
it
city after
Mahapadma
be
killed.
He bestowed the
Suyyikuudala
to
name of her who had found him in the street. Avantivarmma and other kings built thousands and thousands
of villages on the land thus rescued from tho waters..
'He was
tfie
KiNas
ahrine
chp
KAsnufBA.
tho hill
of
116
Tripuresha,
of
Jyeshteshvara on
towards Vaishnavism.
gavadgita,
He
died listening to
the Bha-
era.
death
aspired to
members of the family of Utpala the throne. But Ratnavardhana the Royal
all
the
of
the
late king,
and>
varmmi
by their quarrels.
fused offers
Shivashakti
honor,
re-
of wealth,
party,
for
him.
much
He
defeated
Samaravarmma and
acquired great fame.
on several occasions,
and
relatives,
made preparations
was weak
for foreign
conquests.
Though
the country
in population, be
horse.
He, whose
now began
116
KINGS of KisnmfKA.
foroes of tributary kings,
his
'on.
On
approach the
fled in terror
no
lions
fighting.
in
which
had
The king
Prithjvf-
Bhuvauackandra, on
whom
But when
afraid of
fled.
The
whom
handsome man, was regarded by other kings Shankaravarmmi easily defeated Alakkana
Gurjjara
king
of
who ceded Takka a part of bis kingdom to Lis conqueror. The king of the Thakkiyaka family took
service
latter
Kashmira.
The
king
caused
the
kingdom of the
Thakkiya
to be res-
The
laya and Vindhya,) Lalliya Shahs by name, who was among kings even as the sun is among stars, and was also
lord 'over Alakh&na, did not submit to the king of Kishmfra, on which the latter drove
him out of
after
his country.
and
built
him
ia the pro-
KINGS 01 EASTIMittA.
Vinoe of
111?
Panchasattra.
after his
Udakpatha.
temple to
built another
-1
mentioned temples.
poetry,
mon
beautiful
for
The
salo
of
beasts
of tho Pattavas
was
now went on in this new-built oity. Ratnavanlhana the minister, who had raised tho presont king to tho throno, set up a Shiva named Shriratnavardhana.
celebrated,
It is strango that
acts,
now began
He became
avaricious,
and
after
advisers,
named Attapatibhaga and Grihakritya.* He cunmoney which wns set apart for the
oil for
And
The duty of these officers appears to have been to help Min in hlj extortion. According to Dr. Goldstuekor they were revenue oiHcPis in IHslimir.i trfioio dutiet -wore levied on peiluwM, tanrlal wood, oil &c. The Sector regards thc^o offices one and tho game.
Il8
KINGS OF KiSroiiBA..
sixty-
their
headmen.
IIo
took loae
attaohed to
tho temples,
but
appropriated
gods.
anything to the
of
what had
hitherto
Iheir
to
to give.
posts,
When
he found villago
absent from
their
rospeot-
ablo persons of
algo
fined innocent
and impoverishing imposts in villages ; these imposts were of thirteen sorts. He impoverished villages by collecting tho
monthly
salaries of his
given to
From the
savings
made by reducing
fine
gifts to temples
as also from
his household
the
imposed on
villages,
ho managed
expenditure.
Ho
the
his father
"0 father
tho boon
you now.
The
siibjeots to livo
upon.
It
is
'not
KINGS OF KiSHMfRA.
Jikoly that
119
this or in tho next
effoct
any good
will
come to you in
Who
is
these
may
world?
But
nothing but
misohief.
People suffer
famine,
disease, &c,
When
the king
is avarioious,
no one
'
welfare.
Tho
length of reign
mical
and power.
;
Tho
his
inheritors of an econowill
man
thrive
but no servant
do good to him
try to kill
who
ivho
is
not grateful.
Even
own men
him
What
unpleasant
things
may
is
as
by enemios %
Avarice
snob, avarioe."
prince
Having heard the gentle words of the tho king smiled and calmly replied " your adv:C3
tyranny has roused iu
against
uf
me
)ore.
like
When
was young
like you, I
was
e.
prince,
and,
subjocts.
According to
my
father's direction, I
in
warm
clothes,
to ijo
about with
my
ffjet
bare.
me, saw me walking by my horse, my feet torn mth thorns, and eyes filled with tears, and spoke HI of my father. But my father said that he had risen to the liguity" of a king from a low position, and that he knew
before
who served
in dif-
120
foreut capacities
KIN8S OF KiSHMfBA.
myself I
and that after -undergoing such pain should be able to know the sufferings of others,
;
to appreciate,
.father iu hardships,
am now
As the
it
oppressing
my
people after
sentient being,
felt
when
in the
he used
to
entertain before.
after
Therefore,
grant
mo
boon that
getting
more oppressive than I am." Wtlen th"- king had said thus, the courtiers who were there, smiled and looked on
the prince, who held
down
The king was unwilling to make presents and therefore kept himself aloof fromtho oompany of learned men,
while Bhallata and other minor poets attended his
court.
Good poets
.did
The
fact
of the king's
birth
in a family of Kalpapila
like those
was betrayed by
of a drunkard.
raja
his vulgar
behaved
like
in order to do
4'he
in*
and
sons
his servants.
Twenty
subjects.
their
KINOS OP KiSUMfllA.
wives
121
life
how
e,ven his
He
that
built
his minis-
ter Sukhar&ja's
nephew
(sister's son)
lord of Dvara,
but
man
and
lessness.
upon,
patha.
and he marched and entered UttaraHe conquered many kingdoms on the banks of
This incensed
devastated
Birauaka,
tho Indus,
submitted, he returned.
with the
When
army lay
en-
camped,
hill
When
ou tbo
men
to lead
baok
army
to
his country.
He was
carried on a harnira-
wound.
and expired as the arrow was exHia death happened on the way,
moon
in the
Sukharija and
others
safely
conducted
the
army
of
By some
king's
contrivance
made by means
a oord," the
feudatory princes
who bowed
122
KINGS OF KiSHMIKA.
a place within the Kishrairian
fear,
thoy performed
the
"L&da and
flame.
Yairas>ra.
in the
Then tho
virtuous
to reigu under
among
the
vilo
seduced, yet
he
contract any
living
bad
in
luxury,
Prabhakaradeva,
a minister
(treasurer),
to her embrace,
wealth,
The
treasurer robbed
the queen of
at Shihirfcjya.
the name
of
it
to' TomarSiia
tho
capital,
proud
of his victory
and of
the queen.
In the pride
of his victory,
he constantly
one was
in-
No
allow<J*to
if it
were a
of
this
house of
*
ill
fame.
to
know
ml
the comiption of tho mahomedan title shah. <3ee jourof the Asiatic Suricty of bengal for 1874, Part 1." Page 1W Where Fiiuz Shall U translated into the Sanskrita an Pheruj* Siihi.
Sliafti is
KINGS OF KiSJIMflU.
afthir
123
at last
The king
deficit,
amount wanting
had.
The
treasurer was
1
of the king,
to be performed.
influence
of
which
He
The
afraid of
but he died
The dynasty
the queen
of
oxtiuct,
Sugandba
began
to reign herself.
She
built a
and an-
town named
after her.
voted herself
though
young
to
the services
of
god-
Keshava.
raother-in-law
chftWhich happened
make over
The
foot
the kingdom
soldiers
formed
Sitgandn*
12-i
KINGS OT KASmrfnA,
ministers.
Jn order to
make
over
the kingdom to somo worthy 'person, she invited to counthe Taulris and tho Ekanggas from
among her
minis-
ters
As the
line of
Avantivarmmawas
Sukhavarmma
hopo
of Shuravarmmfc, in the
her relative,
But
f>he
ters as her
kingdom on account
in
of his
bad
and was
moreover oxtrctnoly
idle.
and mado
n,
The
minis-
who were
insulted
her possessions,
the
capital
relied,
seeping.
uow joined
Kishmirian
However
in the
year 89 of the
Ekangga
soldiers
combined together
and brought back Sugandha who- was then dwelling at Hushkapura. Hearing of her approach the Tautris who
* Kkiui !<,'->
nwl Taufriasre
e-viilently
two
sect's
of people
who
KINGS
Off
RASlIJlfHA,
12 J
men.
On
ex-queen's
army was
signally
defeated, aud
captured when
Strange
is
x
and
fall
of fortune
life
The king
;
taeiDg
he took
bribe,
now hor
kings bribed
might be allowed
set
to live.
The sons
of
Meru who
up an image
Vishnu
They
The
eldest of
them Shaugkaravar-
Now
rically
so
of Sbali
corn was
destroyed; so
saud dmnjras.
great scarcity,
ami
many
Hardly
men
float
on
its
waters.
The bones
12G
kings of Kisnirfni.
on every
At
became rich by
mon
in trouble, even
seeing
like a
persons
suhjr>cfs
'
by tho storm
wood.
Many
by tho help of
sot
and
gnmotimes his
him
aside
Tho wives
paramour.
of
"the idle" took Sugandh&ditya us Vappata, oue of the queens of " the
much
wealth.
The
sons of
Meruvardhaua, had,
in the
"tho
lover.
idle."
This
mm used
97,
to vi^it his
paramours by turns;
and
lata wealth,
In tho year
set
month
pr.^v-' t
y<}\r
the throne.
up his But in
tho
month of Magha
next
ruvarmmi.
Tho Tantri
kings of KisnufnA.
127
care
Chakravarmma",
of
varmma son
him.
"the
by queen Mrigavatf.
His
They withheld
him.
After a year
infantry got
him king.
set
up a
much wealth from Partlm and again mado public women named Simbavati, who had goddess named Sambeshvarf, and who kuew the
A.
art of
of Partha.
Chakravarrnma waited
wealth
to the
month
of Asliava
The
foolish Chakra-
varmma' reposed
much power on the sons of Meruvaiv known to be bad. They and the consmuch
land from the kings, they
in-
other kings
they took
with whom they were related by The king mado Shangkarabordhana, them, Chief Justice, and made Shnmbhu-
128
bardhana,
KINGS OF KAsmifBA.
of the
office
of
Cfrihakritya.
lie failed
year,
to
their
due
for
want
of money,
fled
to
lladava, Sbangkarabardhana
Avith the intention of becoming king, sent his brother Shamto the Tuutris
as messenger.
But the
latter
Tho
large fish
fish,
and
Chakravarmms, spoilod of
into
one night
tribe,
the house
of
headman
of
(lie
Ditnara
IIo
named Sangvimn,
gave him bis own
driven from
<iiis
living
at Slnidhakka.
knew
Lib
made his homage to him, and The king, now humbled, and
aid.
"
Who
But
if ire
yon
will
kill
us afterwards,
for kings
after the
work
i-j
done.
des-
him
wul
to
iu-cciid,
I'ttiunce
the
king to
feared by
1);-Ing
him on
abjut
lUMuiiut
fail,
of those
hU
K1HGS OF KiSDMiKA.
forgets the past services of those
129
aided
if
who
him in
hia
danger,
they chance to
thioiigh
commit any.
kill
shame
hun-
in disease,
and
in fear of enemieB
councillors
speak evil of
evil
The
king's
by
What
one
is
ficulty during the day, the king like a -white ass forgets
during the
king,
night.
Every
who
approaches
the
hu
victim.
who arc
afar.
No
propensity
stoops
of
kings
kills,
who wait
set
their
time.
Tho
lion
when he
the
it bites,
afterwards, I shall
when he murders. If you do not oppress us march with my army along with you
morning."
even tomorrow
replied
:
The king
felt
abashed, and
"
You who
are doing
me
this
service will
be
my
soul."
and with
On
the
capital.
The
Tantrf
in-
placed
and
130
kings op KisroifRA.
tlio
wont out on
the enemy.
tatiously
tlio
aud
of
slurp fi^ht
ensued outside
town
killed
wui
On
his
.death, the
every direction.
But
IT
them with
lost five
"
his
nix
t
sword.
In
thia
battle
the
Tantris
Clink-
f.r
liousand men,
who woro
the
killed
by
ravariunig.,
shadow of
vultures'
winus.
foil
tn^i'thcr
Tin-re
pcrvdiou
ftillowors.
Shankarnbnvdhana
Thoso Tuntrfo who
with his
witnc-H
lovl bis
perished there
as
tho
They
of
whom
;
Icings
had
life
aud these
who
grief,
h:td
were
now
destroyed
by -his
deep-
enmity.
the second
On
the
na Is
fn.m
all sides
direc-
cavalfs-'hia
LU
horse
aud
his
turban
in his right
KINGS OP KABHMfltA.
sun's rays
131
on bis car-pendent.
on his throat
made
and
terrible.
He
cbeoked
who
and pa-
The sound
of the
When
show
him
Shambhubardhana had
rebelled
thereby
king's
onemy
the laws of
He lovod
flattery,
many
foolish acts.
At
this
time a foreigner
anil
a good
singer,
of
Domva
caste,
He was
made
ters
being left in the front of the kiug. ed -with white turbans, the cool
night breeze
The
whom
all
gazed with
132
eagerness,
sides
KINGS OP KASHMfRA.
and they
if
tor>
as
for
the court.
"Long
The two
girls
tuned the
moving
one
eye
and
it
appeared as
if
only
moving and
iutorch'iugcd
steadfastly.
The
girls
marked the
king's
They aud
the king
oouruged hi i passion.
pertatuei
theso two
"
by camphor, so
girls.
tho song,
by tho
Tho moon
gods.
kisses their
white teeth as
One
is
of them,
knowing that we
;
of them,
the
Other
ib singing-
with down-cast
Happy
is
the
youth
fur
loneliness.
How can,
is
how can
it
be
restless
came
even
violent.
a->
to svii-path,
by
clouds.
If sophist oourticn
KINGS OF KiBUMfRA.
oould not bogailo
hell.
133
but
who would have wandered ia as- liberal as lUrtheya (Kama) on unworthy objects, pleased the Domvas with tho
fools,
presents of H*ra,
Kcyura and Kimdala (ornaments) and Fie to them who spend wealth on simple songs mistaking them for poetry. 1
of tho rainbow,
not long.
girls.
They
too, while
they
felt
wore singing,
embraced the
king,
at which he
his passion
if
ashamed.
the king's
his
mado
and
it
soemed as
the warmth of
Hnusf was
the
made
The ministers
the posts of the
who served the Domva wore promoted judges in the courts of justice &c. Some
their
of
Domvas, on acoouut of
kingdom.
created ministers
the
; others who knew of politics managed The newly created ministers were thieves.
caste
(liter-
flesh
uuus'ial
kingdom.
Tho queen
menses
these
to
the court
covered
with
and
felt
themselves proud.
Some determined
uppostT'ths king,
thes
134
KINGS OF KiSHMfBA.
Soma juioe.
for
Surely
then low
On
the
by
tlio
caste.
Tho
orders
of theso
peojiloj
king,
village of
Helu
to
aift.
anguly
aslcod tho
calling
ljim tho
sou of a
Terri-
foraalo servant,
fied ut
i>it
why
gift.
tiio
at hist.
What
law
is
bad?
would
palliato
hW
cas>te
panions
courtiers advised
made him perform some ludicrous acts. His him that cold is destroyed by cold,
crimes.
and crimes by
In order
Brihmaua who had been fasting for a month for some religious purpose. Some Bi&hmanas were still more vicious
than the king; they ate in the king's house, and received
gifts of villages
from him.
Chakramatha
finished,
The ungrateful king who loved the low castoVifomen, forgot pa>t benefits and privately killed many hruoeent
KINGS 0 X&SQMflU.
and faithful D&maras.
therefore
137
wcro sookiug
Rssosiuate
in
him.
One
uighfc tliey
the privy
near the
room
Hav-
ing
lie
was dosiug*
He searched
out.
for his
weapon
was severely
his
He
fled to his
bed-room,
braced
followed by
pursuers.
embrace.
by
On
the
moou
in tho
mouth
of Jaishta of
villains.
was
killed liko a
dog by
wicked Partha
to
tho throne.
This king
king,
He
his
him by
khigV
flattery
The shameless ministers nsed to 'please &c., and those ministers in time became
in
by dancing naked
jgg
KINGfl
Or KASUAlfEA.
as Parvvagnpta
tlio
perceived,
sovoreignty.-
Chhoja,
Kiimmla
of
w.it-
no-^od in a battle
field inn
tlio
man, then
on
f"'H.
kid
ecu,
mid named
liy
it
llakknjiya.
<>uidcd
who wiahod
ircurp
to
it,
and then to
He
plundered
Tho king
closed
up the
death.
room
his infant
brothers wore,
to
Ho
then intended to
murder
Id* fattier
v.
and gave
some
of
his ministers
with chains.
1
king's orders,
hia wife,
and
fci-o
tlutir hiuthoi:.
Kumuda and
other' favou-
rites of tlw
KiNaa op rcismifnA.
over the gravel
137
which cut Ins body, and murdered him unarmod and naked, leau for want of food, and The king hoard the news of his father's death, crying. and on the morning want to the spot out of curiosity accompanied by his ministers, and was glad to see the
helploss,
The
courtiers prided
themselves
them had
inflicted.
Parvva-
man
tho dead
After the
murder of
plundered
the country.
wicked Kiyastkas,
posts.
Advised by
Ha
ripped
wombs
of pregnant
women
Bi'iihmanas
gifts
life.
of
The king was attacked with consumption, a disease ; and he suffered great pain ns long
he lived.
as
death,
The Jung
died during
summer
138
1)0
KING3
01?
KiSmifRA.
lord of
at
Madava, and
who
enemy of the
lhirdliiina
On
the
7th bright
lunar day
Kamalatook this
of tho
llio
fact
by his
spies,
opportunity to approach
capital
and boiieyed
way, but were
it
with the
iu
His
able to
number of
Jkaring
king
;
tlicir cavalry,
of this defeat
The
or
victorious
through the
council
of the bad
retired to hbj
ministers,
throne.
He
own house
some countryman
expecting
i theirs,
to be their king,
Who
i3
more "to be
woman
aloft?
l.ifi'-.Liiiii
bur
t.n
a subsequent
day
or
it
ho who leaving
sulJfiSqueut
fctuitkuly >t
w -alth,
wishes to acquire
on a
day by
fair im-ius.
-with ihick
KINDS OF
blankets,
KASIIllfllA.
130
looking
like
hornless
bulla,
beards burnt
And now
dis-
was
extinct,
select.
they began to
whom
they would
But on account of
(
difference of opinion
coronate) any
(
the effect"
hot discussion.)
During tho
five
oamo many
Kamala-
hardhaua
now
repented.
The widow
infant son
his father,
bardhana,)
a son
whom
named K&madeva
Piakachaktipurn.
This
character,
and used
to teach
Iu time he beoame
Prabhjkara who
treasurer
of king
Shaugkaravarmmi.
and went out of the country with his friend-Phalgunaka; but dreaming a good dream he returned to
c^uutry hopeful.
his*
by.
140
KISGS OP KASHJlfRA.
But
all
out
this
be kiug," and
thoy
soon,
when
'roots
the
bamboo
aro saved
by a shower.
When
a tree
is
blown
down by
the wind,
beiDg em"his
bedded in rooks.
own
line,
if
Kamala-
become king?
streets
to sco
him
king,
alone liko a
palace,
whom thoy had once soen goiug on foot common man. On his way towards the
und ho entered the palace
sur-
moon and
stars,
and
lieariug the
women
was resound-
ing.
Thus he commenced
fifth
line of
Kalpapila beside
ministers,
who
reigned,
al-
141
BOOK
VI.
[Invocation.]
Tun
his
first
act of this
to order
door-keepors to
selected
any
one.
frightened
together
his hand,?,
the kingdom on
;
gods
romain proud
come
king
not to
me
unless on business."
This
to
act
of the
him
be unapproachable
whon
lie
of uso
in
the
kiugdoni
be-
vellers
streets.
Under tho
to
king's
steal so
posts
superintend
agrioidture.
The
agricultural people
hud
never ocoasion
come
the S.ima
l-J-2
KINGS OP KiSIIMfRA.
spiritual
guide,
the
ambassador, tho
in this reign..
rites of
men
to
porform the
that ho was
before,
an inhabitant
of Ka-shmir.i, that ho
poverty.
his
was harrasscd by
to
a rich morevery
thing
dant and
Cat
ho " that
my
part of
who
in
may Hvo by lotting tho place on hire summer may lilto to keep hotels and
differ-
flowers there.
wealth I have
returnod to
my
country.
found
my
h'or
wifo de-
by
sorv-
why
sho
had undertaken
livelihood.
had
left
Hha
replied,
that
when
of the
well
1 her
aud
staircase
ii
left
by
to
'What
moans
she
,s
ud an
stopped,
grief
and
on
he-irui!*
tho account,
are in
ovry stop
deciilintr iu
I
do not
tmdtn'sttind ju^tics
am
dotmaimd
to have
or die.
KINGS OF KlSHMIRA.
shall die at
ly.
143
sin,
your door
and
if
you fear
judge right-
justice,
and called
in all
The jurlgos
the
Biahmana's
that
cunningness.
-well
The
with
But
right.
the king
After
amuse the
courtiers
with his
conversation
the talk,
persons as
to
Asking
of wash-
them
all
to wait for a
momeut, he on preteuce
servants
merchant.
The
king's servant
the
house
was
effected.
them over
him the
Among
of a
saw that a
stipa
Mi
largo a Mini.
luil
KINGS OV KASnilfRA.
Ho
at last
came
fr
t;
to
the ac-
court writer to
of his safety, he
the
court.
The
courtiers
plaintiff,
admired
tho king,
the house
his
whom
he exiled out of
that a
complaint
time
that ho had
over,
told "the
Biahmana
that tho
court
wail
his complaint
the next
kill
d.iy,
but
that
Crihruana throatoucd to
Without taking
brought
in.
him
to
bo
native
laud,
as he
to
in
it
well
said
goveiued.
"(hung
no thief
your administration"
" there
is
way
and
and
slept
be-
In the
>
it
" <ljt'lT,I"
p<nur-
SjVKf?*! "
huu-
M.'.vs
wlII." t) f chui^in;;
riiau^o it
tj
X into H
uhidi
nut at
ie,
all
difficult
i'nt
'*
'fpTPTfWfftt "
KINGS OP KASIIMfRA.
145
When
little
I rose in
the morning,
my
bundle containing
I
my
he-
property
Bereft
fell
into a well
which
fore.
of wealth
and sunk
in grief I
was throw-
ing
wall,
man
asked
me
as
to
what
him
if
the money.
'That
money
out of
up,
is
it,'
He
and gave
me
the laws
so
as
to
the
only
said that
When
the merof
When
questioned, that
man
corroborated
what
the
ing
kw
seat of justice
to he
giveu
ex-
to tfieljEihnmnii
He
M
what you
will,"
the
146
KINGS OP KiSHMfRA.
wish,
you may
give,"
Now
cases.
Though
became an
like
manner he taught
justice to others, ho
physician
who
those
pure,
yet
who during
had
by Domba. He exacted money through four policemen who again helped one another. This truthful king killed some foot soldiers though they
Ijiid
down
wise
their
He
many
caused his
men who were near him thought that ho had He made a courtpbrother's death by magic.
supreme over
all
aan Lalli,
his
seems as
if for
that
Knowing
that they
feel
equal
affection towards
made them
externally
in that constable
possibly
No
'
KINGS OF KiSHMfRA..
in love.
147
first
fell
One
offioor
their love,
it
peculiar glance.
spies that
the
rumour of
skin of a deer
Krishuasara)
suspi,
penance.
affection
he
with sin
by being
had
plates.
"'his
previous
that
ho had obtained
in the
royal family.
future
lives,
bestowed
his
wealth on
Br&hmanas.
lie raised
for
the
to the
Ou
the
At last the king was attacked with a bowel complaint. He discarded his son Sanggr&madeva as not being born
of him,
disappointed.
was,
however,
endangered
14S
ly
KINOS OF KiSHMfllA.
the
wiles
of
Parvvngupta.
capital
lif.ilfli
ho
of
diil
the
the
the
dying
king.
Yst&haskara
his choice
through
lainitLurs
who were
tlioro
consoling him, to
On
the
by order uf
(lie
li.nl
bound from
his
room where ho
Tlio
fastened.
I'miiii
hml eight
When
the disease
he nominated
his capita!
Maiiggr&madt>vfi
Ins
h'-ir,
iiml
l.-.i
vititjf
had Un il L.
and
when ho knew
his
ho was
cloth,
bereft of his
olad
in
red
and with
his hair
When oa
hundred pieces
persona
and other
divided
four
it
rubbed
bun of
of the
tins
iiioimy
tit' 1
and
among
themselves,
even Imfure
King .n dVad.
r>illiii^
dr-f.i-i-'.
alumt
still
his
snviti im
<m
'if
the temple,
retaining
sense,
and
aeuin/
lu<
tW" or
ftiii*e
Hut
hw
hitf'ntliiijt
to
him out
of the
flunld
lv
iion.
Of
aitli
-dl
hit
wives,
the
chaste Trai-
l"kyadi>v
ili'-d
is,
him.
king's death
that
KINGS OP KiBHMfRA.
of the
149
his
kingdom, ho
some
vile
aot.
the king's
killed the
and he somehow
it
appears to
they
say
that
days
after
fact
the
ho
Or,
if
you maintain
well
that he died of
some othev
disease,
then
it
may be as
and
nine years,
the
month
making
his father's
But in course
to exer-
lie,
served the infant king with attention, and refood, &c., so that simple
galed
minded inen
150
ditl
KINGS OP KiSHlrffU.
uot believe him to ba an
enemy
of the
king.
Those
r
whom
present
rebellion,
sovereign.
He
feared
to destroy
saying
to
"On
come
life
you
lawfully,
line
you attempt
au
r
otherwise,
your
wiiH
ami your
his
will
soon be at
end."
If e
afraid
magic
would be
in
fruitless.
He
were
feared
the
likiuggas,
and
lived
grtiat
liew ildorineut
and
well
snow, he collected au
killed
He
Buddha.
Tho
by
Belivitta
then
the
pulled
throne,
Parvvagupta
gsirlauda
of flowers
from
ami threw
was
him
ou
the
ground.
Vakranggdhrisangrima*
On
tho
the
KSshimrmn
era, in
month
He was
The
cruukfil
fcetd
but
Vakr.-iiiggdLriaatiiiniina
accui'Jiug t*
KINGS OB KASHJjflU.
of
151
the Divira,
who
in-
of the,
hill
of Vishoka,
Those who
the Ek-
ing
and bowed
him.
chiefs,
&nggas, tho
Tiuitria
were
afraid of him,
further resistance.
big
iu the
Ekiugga
and
the
descendants of
Suyya,
was
broken
through carelessness.
insulted
Ilia
On
by
this the
Him
1
disrobing
Madauiditya
a hormit.
shaved
hair'
and beard,
and
became
Even
to
thib
puroshvara.
the servants
The king was avaricious and encouraged who harassed the people.
Aud
with this
ill-
named
Pttrvvugupteshvara
wi.se
lady
among the
"If
you complete"
said
Yashaskarasvimi,
by
my
late
husband,
request."
Puffed up with
the
the conse-
died, flowers
were
152
KINGS OP KisnufBA.
N
which he continually
felt thirsty.
Avarioious men,
al-
though they know that they are here but for a short time,
do uot leave
virtues
shvarf,
their habits.
committed in former
some portion
in this
of
earth,
who would
wioke'd,
and was
ren-
more
so,
by
clouds
Phalguna
and
selves as richly as
who served him, dressed themthe king. Though the king was addioe,
dicted
to
wine,
women and
still
stole
it is
and
remained so
rich.
Is it not
whose friend
it
loves
other
tempted him like the The king became a scoffer of others, addicted -to devil. Other people's wives, and covetous of other peopled wealth v He plucked the beards of those who waitod on him, spat at them, abused them and struck their hends with his 6sts. "Women became his favorites* by
yielding their persons, the hunters, by knocking about in
KINGS
the
OB'
KiSHltfUA.
153
woods,
court
and
was
his
courtiers
The
iiiug,
filled
witU the
the
robels
the
unfit to
cuufor
and
was
the
approach. of Jishuu,
dance
by the
sous
an
idol
in
machine
soatterer
to
scatter
away
them that
faults
kind of
the
orna-
They
attributed
to
innocent,
thoir
heads with
flats,
of thoir
to their houses,
dice.
Iu expectation
the king,
given,
him whose
wife
had
Among
the
courtiers, Hari
unchaste,
sacrificed
and
their
themselves
objects
of
ridicule.
They
others,
long-standing
friendship
lost their
with
and
it
sometimes
they even
wealth.
What was
sacrifices
1
king Yashaskara ; he
the advices
of this
but
who had
set
up Phulguna-
154
K1KQS of KAsmifiu.
Kampana
He
the
Dimara who was inside the building. And iu order to mako his name lasting, he brought the images of Buddha from the burning monasteries and other stones and sot up Kshemagauiifrom dolapidated temples
;
When a man
his
dies,
wealth,
making
it
on
ii ;
hut
he
it will
ttguiu
go to u third
Fie
TI\o
to
tlfa
lust
of wealth
deepened
vitiligos
by ignorance.
\\uvo
which
This
girl's
This
Bhimukeshava.
daughter of
each
ill
of
bayonets)
which he used
woods.
He spent D&modma-at
day
One
KINGS OF KAsHMfltA.
of the
155
fire
issuing
fwjm the
mouth
of a
yelling
she-fox.
This frightened
tho shrine of In
this
Vailha in
other
named Shrikantba.
lentil)
like
masura
in the
(a sort of
month of Pousha)
(lieu
in
the
Abhimanyu
In
who
this
kingdom.
the
other
side of Bhikshuki,
laid his thread.*
all
the devil
had
which
re-
the
his
latives
of the
-wise
When
When
her husband
died,
other
their example.
But another
humane
*
minister,
named Naravjhana,
See Appendix F.
15G
entreated
her,
kings of KisnaifriA.
whon she was weeping by the funeral and KaUka took the
;
Phalguua was
now
and
had
But he
marked by
stay
Now when
the palace
till
at
for
fear
But when
some
treasury guards,
aoino club
iustigatud
him.
to the
of Var&ha.
of au attack.
This
assuaged the
fears
of
the
queen-mother.
an act of rebellion.
How
their ..anger,
by
Phaten.ua
retired to
goes away.
KINGS OF KlSUllfeA.
157
and night
to
how
Parvvagupta,
to
ministers
Mahima and
Pfitala
They now aspired to the throne, and They were driven from the
On one when Mahima was away from his house, the queen sent clubmen to drive him out of the kingdom. But he knew it beforehand, and took shelter in the house
occasion,
of bis father-in-law
ShaGtisena.
law
Mahima
at last found
an open asylnm.
He was
inhabi-
then joined
tants of
Parih&sapura
as also
by Udayagupta son of
factions in the
Amrit&kara, and
Lalitidityapura.
kingdom.
The army
Diddi sent
Mahima
daily
shrine of
Padmusvirat intending to
how
meet the danger. Brihmanas of Lalitidityapura, aud through their agency prevented a junction between the different detachments
of the
much
wealth ta the
enemy's army.
15S
into a
KIX09 OF Kisroiftti.
body
find
effected peace
Mahima.
befcn hitherto
cow
sea.
bow
to wealth
by which
all clangers
can 08 averted.
The
as
bribe.
Within
:i
few days
Mahima was
des-
Now
Ho
it
marched with
men
chief.
forcibly penetrated to
fortified
;
rivei*3
but
him
ka and
o
By speaking
in accord-
The
him
to tho lord of
Kampana.
And when
the
victorious
lord, of
Kampana
to drive
bun away.
JJimmaka,
offence.
.Hut
KINGS
03?
KiaUMfai.
159
nrmy
as" before.
When
Shuvadhara
queen sent
to
the
bl
temple
of Bhattiraki.
through
posing
some
the queen
alone.
On
the next
day
her people
resistance to the
enemy.
The
rebels
who had
stationed
men who fled within At Sinlmdvtra ( the Lion-gate) they saw the Ek&nggas in firm array, who infused courage to the flying men and led them once more on to battle. The enemy moved also. At this juncture Esjakulabhatta
SMramatha, attacked the queen's
the capital in terror.
arrived
soldiers
sound of Turf.
great
On
his
fell in
num-
bers.
The gods
'
rebels.
The powerful
Himmaka struck Rajakulabhatta with sword, but the mail of the latter protected him. The queen's soldiers killed Himmaka, aud captured Yashodhara. The sword
of
fell "from
The qoeeu's
tLe queen
won
the victory.
bhadhar-a,
ICO
KINGS OE KiSHMfttA.
all
Kishmirians performing
in
that place'.
tp
evil
Those ministers
who from
the reigu of
Gopala to that of Abhiuianyu, were rebelling and creating anarchy and murdering kiugs in the kingdom, were
now
with
their
families and
servants.
others.
She bestowed
Kampaua
the
&c. to
Rakka and
Tho
great
sole
made
the
widow queen,
of ministers of the
slept,
kingdom, and in
him
in the assembly
Uijiuaka,
title
king.
The queen
had
when he
was
grieved,
She always
enquired after his health, asked his advice, and gave him
whatever he 'wished
of
whom
the elder
Sindhu was a
He had
of the
queen.
named Sindhugangja.
her kingdom.
this time
irt
Now
this
to
The queen
believed
what ha
said.
At
his house.
if
KINGS OF KiSHMlHA.
sbo
161
went there,
she would
be murdarad.
The queeu
became alarmed,
be done.
palace,
then her
monthly courses.
between
the "evil
From
that time
sowed
ill
between them.
destroy.
There
is
men cannot
boys,
Evil
more
foolish thda
Fie \o the
creation, of
Vidhata, in which
The queeu
Narathat
spoken of by
conduct of hers.
vhana
was so excited by
insults,
day by day
he
committed suicide.
and high
there is
What hut
death
\>y
one against
whom
no remedy.
Ou
kingdom became
moon
the
Dimara.
employed to
They therefore fled to their country in Kayyaka the lord of Dviua aud others murder ^them. Alarmed at having promanaged
to get
them
again together.
the queen.
acouuuiltttiou
1<32
K.ISQS
OP KASHMfRA.
called baok
of bo
Phalgunn, now
laid
that
down
his
arms, but he
country.
It
is
ment.
places,
He
no
service to bim,
even
like a prostitute
when
she becomes
aged.
and
Other
the
men
to rob
people.
tion,
'.villi
consumpwise.
was
like
exposed in the
sun.
He
died in the
K.
K*
Fovtycighl, iu the
mouth
of Kirtika, on the
For a
short time, the queen, remained sunk iu grief and did not
exercise
much
cruelty.
And from
religious.
named Bhuyya,
all,
Ministers
]'\>r
who
'
K&hmirun
Era.
KINGS
01?
KisniifRA.
163
the benefit;
'
Abbimauyupura,
uwuyusvimi.
a
and an iumge
tlieu
of a god,
She
went
to
the convenience of
travellers
benefit of
from
the interior
of the country.
For the
there
stoile
set
a large
P e pl of Lohara.) She set up a named Sinnasvami after her father's name, and
house far the duelling of tho Brahmanas of her
built a
country.
she built
holy.
At
She
She
fire
;
re-
and
stone
ValgS of Vaivadhika
crippled
queen in
Her female servant who used to support this her pastimes built a temple named
Valgimatha.
that
evil.
Vicious persons
may do good
will
things
but
is
is
own
eat
sits still
as in silent prayer,
In
at-
one year,
She
of her grandson,
a boy
i
dn
his
play,
by magic
In the K. . 49
104
kings of nismafflA.
Bho
killed
tho
child. ' Iu
tho K.
E.
51
in the
month of Agrah&yana, ou the fifth bright lunar day, sha killed her othor grandson named Tribhuvaua. Tho
last surviving
order to be murdered.
Iu the
It was
her hideous
Lakshmi
born of
women
In
named Vina
came
This
and entered
the service of the minister for war and peace-; and was
tu carry letters.
He once brought
fell
a letter to
And
still
though
siie
many
persons,
mau
to her favor.
Bhuyya
because he refused to
live in
is
hearted masters, who have no Uood work brings no reward, committed both life aud wealth .are
KINGS OF KiSHMfttA.
lost.
And
of
Dovakalasha
used to
post
procure paramours
Even who were warriors and lords same mean scrvioe for her. After a
or
five years iu
by Bhuyya.
residences
He saw
it
was necessary to
It was
owing
to the
private
of
tumod
so
good.
sinful
queen became
This
of hers
oleared
murder
of Nandigupta.
to death after
much
->
torture,
whom
superseded
all,
and beoame
The
old ministers
five brothers, in
and
raja,
iu
some Brihmanas
ta perform
effort.
certain
The
the
and
1G6
KINGS of Kismifiu.
to seek for
Tuugga
hi order to
him.
iu a
for
few
apprehending an
attack.
She bribed
gold.
Tho intended
haraja
safe
attack,
being
thus bought
off
Yigra-
was obliged
to retire.
iu his place
had attempted
other
chief
in
rebellion.
Sulakkaua son of
wore
oither
and
ministers
exiled
or
allowed
his
remain
the
court
according as
Tungga and
partisans wore
rija
angry or pleasod
to
with them.
Vigraha-
his party.
tho
One Aditya, a
favorite
of Yigraharaja attempted
soldiers
killed.
On
came very
ministers of Kishmira.
Frithvipila,
commander of the
side.
aany
But
Two
of the ministers
of
the oity by
well
KHTG8 OF KASHMfnA.
167
to
to
pay tribute
Tungga
bo
war.
ful
Kampana aud
des-
Diddi
nephews
who were
many much
asked
of them had
boat en
gathored tho
after
being
by their
gathered
many without
being hurt at
all.
She then
without
him
which he replied
fruits
The queen
The hero
and
fit
In the K. E. 89 in the
eighth bright lunar day, the queen died, and the Yuvarija
became
effected
king.
This
is
the
change in dynasties
by women.
On
is
;
as the
mango
trees
168
aro burnt
raja
KINGS OP KASHMfflA.
by the
wood-fire.
The mildness
'And
lie
of Snnggrma-
Champaka Pravti
160
BOOK
VII.
[Invocation to Mohadeva.']
KiffO Kshamapati
After
to
made
But
At
this
He
"king.
At
this
Punyjkam
in
Tungga
and Lis people, so that they might not quarrel with the The king was incapable of work even for the king.
transaction of his duties
tion to Tungga,
and
life
of
pleasure.
!
mose
shall' I
meanness
alliiiuce
with an unworthy
For he gave
of the
Diddi temple, because Prema was a man and might help him in his danger. So powsrful
headman
the
fall
of Tungga.
The revolution
o
170
KINGS OF KiSIIllfUA.
tlie
This
the
king came'* to
know and
sulted thereby.
king.
to
destroy the
Snjja
to join
the
completion.
over
Tho Biglmmnsis lied in fear to the house of figjakalasha who hail instigated the act. ll&jakalasha, whose wiles were now discovered, fought with obstinacy. But the
Brihmntias
overcome.
fled
The seven
was
defeated
by
Sugandhisfha
Tungga's
brother
Ou
his
way along
the
Skanda
made
AnoHija-
htm
was.
of
ther minister
named
Bliiitikalaslm.
(pni-tinan
11*
aud he
not
"nith
his son
pity
to Slmramatha.
Ho was
captured out of
and accompanied by
*on to
i
.
Thus
king,
the
rebellion
at
riliiiapura bent-fitted
i
When
(lunadeva
hv1 ,appe
returned to
M
t'ae
the anger
Bhut ikalasha
Ganges.
He
KINGS OP KiSUMfRA..
Tutigga.
171
to
But the
it,
kuow of
sent to exile
At
Mayyimatand
rising to pro&pe-
son-in-law,
;
as also
of the king.
Only Tungga
all
Thus perished
of
whom
afraid.
He was
like
a tree on the
is
of a
l>y
livor,
washed
base
away
and make
its
Tunggahad
benefit
adrnitiistored Hie
to the
fail
of tho
people,
but
now
began to
him.
He
took
as his
assistant
a low-born Kjtya&tha
named Bhadrcshvaia.
He
to his
entrusted the
management
of
the
high minded.
He deprived
king's
the
helpless
aud the
men
the
own
It
man
killed
his
&c, own
was
in
month
of Chaitra that
Tungga
took this
siha,
man
and
in A'shfra Sngaudhf-
He was
toother
and by
his
death
Tuii.'ga
ed o the bebt
member
of his body.
172
KISG3 OP KiSHMfRA.
'
tho
in
king of 'Kashnura
the
sent
Tungga
Jto
country
month
of M-irgasliirsha.
He was
and
ministers
to
his
aud
Rajpoots.
The Shlhi
to
welcomed
them
country,
and advauced
iu
meet
them
five
or six days
their
pleasure and
discipline
oonKi'iitnUtion.
Shihi saw
want of
and
mean
at
to fight at
with tho
the
flank
Hiey
miiflit,
remain
case
of a
hill.
But
TutvjfL'a
and ho
ih well hi his
urmy won
tho battle.
The
and destroyed
to reconnoifor the
hyllammira
advised
them
to
take
is
doomed to
destruction.
Tho General
of war and
On
this the
army
three
but
these
field,
When
persons
against
were
tho
s,till
soon in the
yilhi'ifly
fiifhtiitt;
Tl>py
worn
Jayi-mili-i,
the TUmirt.
naji'a ',h
'-'
And
there
valor pi<-)m
description
KINGS OF KiSIIMfBA.
His body bled, and he looked, like
flames
173
in the to ba
Mah&dova wrapt
the world
is
of the
last
fire
with which
destroyed.
he at last retreated,
tract
of the country.
the
field felt
himself
ill
the super-
human
fortune.
heroism
of Trilochanapila.
Tbe
Sh&hl took
shelter in H&stika
Thus have
and ex-
kingdom
01
which
luci
Shnuglcaruvartatiu,
become
an
object of doubt.
Fate accomplishes
droam,
what appears
improbable even in
Tungga
as
of Kashniira
he
wai
devoid
ambition,
in
the battle.
much annoyance.
But the king rememlate queen,
king advising
him
to kill
Tungga.
of the
bered the
last
injunction
and
for
unsettled.
Urged,
however, by
he seldom
n ,J,w
'For if you
make an attempt ou
when he
is
not
IT'i
KINGS OP liAauitfuA. ho
will
alone,
bo able to destroy
us.
So wait
till
there
be
uu opportunity."
Within
six
months from
house
court,
alone
Tungga
r
kiii'''a
and
after
a short time,
council clumber
with
fivo
or
servants.
Ho was
saying
their
and
others,
who without
Tungga with
lino of
born of
tfie
Mahiratha
Though without
Tungga by throwing himself over him. But Tungga was killed at the first blow, and the king was rejoiced. The wicked Kangka and Prtha
he tried
to save
Dharmma
They
an enemy of
placed their
spot.
on
down
their
arms
to save themselves.
Changga and
fear like
the
to
other ministers
who were
also present,
still
though friendly
Tungga and
armed, stood
in
women.
Tho -king
KINGS OF KABBUfllA,
-hold out, or set fire to the palace.
inaster's
The
head and
fled,
their
master.
One
only
of
Brihmana feudatory chief entered sued the king from room to room.
Ho
Abhinava son
of the
nurse
of Kapyamatta.
In the
fol-
in the
by
the
king's
partisans,
Ohandri-
khya who
considered himself
warrior,
Arjjuna and
Dclichakra the
Dimarn,
the
new moon
month
of
Ashira.
king.
After
N&ga
the brother of
evil
ears
of the
king with
Tungga who had abused the council, and was in fact the
brother and brother's
of his
and was
ill
of
Kampana by
the king.
lived
Kshemi
in
wife
of Knndarpa-
siuha,
Tungga's son,
Nga*
11
>
kings of KAsratfiu.
burnt herself in tho
fire.
of Shalii
Maugkhaaa
wife of,
Tungga
trisiuha,
fled
Bra-
Mammi;
at Rajapuri.
and Ahideva.
judgment
What more
shall
of
to
that he gave
good posfs
known
city.
to
Hvo
in oriminal
muda
by mur-
ders.
Mataugga son
of
oppressor of tho
people began to
augment the
treasure
Now
used
By
king's
Though
poverty
he used
to bo angry with
his servants.
In
his
he had been healthy, but in his days of prosperity he And so the people lost his good digestion and health.
used
of
tr>
jeer him.
He
Ida
death.
He
gave one-third of
one koti
(of the
KINGS OF alsniifitA.
-terms
ijf
171
was ridiculous
to
bestow
They
'were
sent against
country.
to
their
The king was weak, and the ministers worthy of him, and consequently the Diviras and D&maras of Darad
rebelled.
may
ho enumerated.
after
a temple cnllud
.and
name
to
of hor mother
aot-i,
taunt.
Kvon the
virtuous
for
tery.
money.
of the of
ttie
treasury
in
favor
was parsimonious.
On
the
fir.it
mimn
son Elaririia.
of
all.
Ho
were
ma'rket roads
The
king's orders
if
KINGS OP KiSHJlfnA.
fleeting
aa Iho
new moon.
Live!) are
After
a roigu
of twentyafter
new moon.
which
set
like
stars
of the
summer
charm
night,
It is said
removed him by a
secret
of reigning
the ceremony.
But
in
coronated the
king.
The quocn
for
tho
Even
tho
as the scrpont
who
is
robbed of
its
whom
stone
is
lodged.
great
that
Vigraharij
*,
the
aged
tho
kingdom
from
to
usurp
it.
He
powerful array
Lohara,
capital
and within
after
two aud
half
having
was
carelessly guarded.
Hut
when within
She then
husband's and
rebellion.
a king'frdm
(fee.
he indulged
in costly habits,
Jiud/a-
KINGS OP KiSUMfBA.
-piln,
179
and other sons, of Shahi became bis favorites, and obtained large salaries from the revenue of the kingdom.
Still
Rudrapila remained
a,
paid one and half laos daily while Diddip&la was happy with eighty thousand a day.
The
K&yasthas,
under
the protection
of Rddrapila,
JiUudliara (Jallendpr).
vara.
tiful
She
bnilt a
temple at Tripuresh-
Horyounger
than she,
sister hiuryyamali
This
to
Though
rebel, the
large
part
of the
royal
the
battle which
his
ejieraj's
Though protected
life,
Tribhuvana
The
body
king,
as he
covered
his
with
moved over the battle field, h'u mangled flesh and blood and
btick,
uMng
sword as a
was a
terror
to his foes.
180
KINGS OF KASlIlrfRA.
the battle
field
Ho saw on
with pity,
the
he was touched
as
and reliovod
anxiety
regards the
gratuity due to
them
for their
wounds.
The
grateful
Diun&ras on them.
And
so
great
his
let
battle, that
go his hold when tho battle was over, but after long
milk-fomentation.
his friond
BrahmarsLja treasurer,
but
He
Mleohchha
head entered
Kfishraira.
When
they arrived
Rudrapila went
went
There
his
threw
bayonet (Kunta) ou a
fish
water,
of Darad chased
it.
His army saw him run, and thought that the engagement
of fighting
the lord
of
Darad
.lost 'his
head,
nnd
the
ftimo
of Eudrapila
increased.
.The
KINGS OF KiSHllfRA,
"Mlechchha kings wore
killed
181
or
imprisoned*
and the
Eudrapala
Udayanavatsa brother of
be performed
by the
of lAti..
When
of the
Suyyamati became,
most beloved.
cows,
By
its
sirto
Brahmanas, with a
torn pie,
thai of A'shachaudra
younger brother
whom
to
she loved.
By
she
erected
them
aud
after the
names of
husband.
another
brother,
of
her
by Brahmanas
to holy
and learned
inhabited
called
husband
Trisula, Vanalingga
When
left
of SadSshiva.
From
this
time
the
182
kings of kAsiimira.
aucient palace of kings was deserted and all the succeed'ing kings dwelt near thia temple.
r
The grooms
by royal
plunder.
of the king's
for
stable
became
rich,
partly
.
gifts,
and partly by
and
favorite
of the
king.
This
was
the
man
through
whom
and
to
it
wash his
always
with
too
/ihrine
of Papasu'lana.
to
Ho
his
robbed
tho
"
people.
He
used
prepare
iiotols
all
with
riches.
perfumos,
and
for
the
Tho
king,
the
payment of
he was now,
this
to him,
tho llinme
tail.
At
last
these
excesses by
treasury
The
this
fear caused
once,
From
country
exceedingly pious.
During
he constantly changed
his favorites,
li&labhanugja gave
tho
royal
treasury
onn
wealth,
uud
filled
KINGB OF KiSHMfKA.
at
183
Kshema.
His court
wq,s
an
inhabitant
this
is
of
People
man
as
poor
fleet-
Fortune
and he
Of them Haladhara was favored by queen, and at last became the prime minister.
Haladhara completed and onlai'god the building
Both the king and the queen took his advioe on every
occasion.
begun by Kahomiv.
The oustom
nocnunt
of
was discontinued by
Ho
stopped oppression
of their
At
Yitasta
built a
golden
temple.
There he
and founded
His
his
villages
brothers and
and a
He
fly
killed
many
his
DSmavsis,
and at
last
perished
in
ft
battle
though
Sala king of
Champa, and
up another
184
KINGS OF KiSmiftlA.
The
kiug
fell
into
difficulties
several
times
by-
Ouce
at Vulliipura
Haladhara.
his
On
entered
Urask
passage
was cut
lord of
off
Kampana who
danger.
and gave
the
ft
king an cutlet.
in
hen
of
as well as
many
fall,
it hers.
He who
serves royalty
iteennae the
to
queen's
his
pro-
him and
confiscated
On
jitosperity
and misery
on a rainy dy.
Gradually the simple king became henpecked, a
cir-
By
hi )
1
in
hep
affec-
made preparations
to abdicate
kingdom
to
his
" You
Tn spite
% ill repent of
of
this "
said
his ministers to
hinu
Haniditya
KINGS OF KiSHHfRA.
185
address
him by the
title of
Deva.
The
father
stared at
him
me in
for
that way,
yourself.
what
else should
such humiliation
even the
The
late
king remem-
any
On another
day,
Haladbam seeing
few
followers,
to
him.
Ilaladhara reproached
at case,
"tho management,
artifice
kingdom, ami
let the
his age."'
Ho
it.
said an,
and by this
managed
deprive
in
to give
man and
to
ike
boy of
nauie7
food.
and had
depend on
1
his parents
In accustome
worship of weapons
to
boy
wijs
merely an assistant
;r grieved
his father.
They who
beasts
are glad
unsettled in
child
Jshr
Iheir actions.
The queen by whose exertions her kingdom, repented when he had it.
1SG
KIXGS OB KASHZdllA.
of
became jealous
jeots of ridicule
her
sou's,, wives,
;
they ceased
adorn
old king's
came
his
to king
told
him that
(Kshitiraja'a) throne
made preparation
of
names
of holy
left
men
all
revered
by
his
f.ithcr.
Kshitirujn
afterwards
against him
Kala&ha
by queen
an infant yet iu
its
travelled in holy
places in the
aud
dbara, a
and
for
Kiug Anauta
guar
made Tanvanggaraja
diau of
bis grandsou.
his ward,
kingdom of
and when
to
of
his
kinsmen and a
re-
was
caused
sou
of
by them.
of Madannraja
son
of
luduraja
KISOS OB KiSHMfRA.
was
called
187 but be
sent
against
tljo
kiijgs of
lier
Darad,
was
ac-
by the queeu ia
Tho Kfisbmfrians
killed
lost
the
The Damaras
queeu, rose
the rebel
in-
rebellion.
mau and an
lord
tribu-
taries to
At
as
rui^n.
visited
this
He
was
a staff in
path
of
kiug
Auanta's
When
on
queen
for
advice,
ho told
the
hastily,
and
when
life first.
"JUuluraja"
ho continued
and Juyaimnda
breed
quarrel
Accoicliug to this
Jinduraja
Yijja.
to
be captured by
Now
There were
Yittba,
named
Vijja,
Rajapaja and
evil acts,
Jajfinanda
too tbe
sou of
the,
of this
priuce king,
who was always by tho person taught him dishonest things. The
188
KINGS OF KiSHMlKA.
dead,
he
became the
the
disciple of
mau who
things,
and
who was
This
indis
criminate in his
intercourse
with
women.
and used
they
fell
down through
and had
Ihit their
man had
his
a cul
which ho
was so named,
formut
name
but
beinsj
forgotten.
He
ww
md
He
besmeared with
cats' ordure,
on their heads.
the king aud
Thus men
of
their power.
not digest,
and
forcing
women
their
company.
The
Kanaka son of Haladbara when he was angry and tore off his no-.p Chamaka ( Kanaka I) some of whose limbs were mntiUfai
cervauts once bound the unruly
\n a pillar
became the
to procure
lainistjra,
favorite of the
sovereign,
because he used
him.
to his
women.
aud
g.ivc
Thakkura, and he
KINGS OF KASHMflU.
gained
189
low origin
excited
muck
reputation.
his
nd thanked
describe
it
broken nose.
Thus
the
the
and
because
it
comes
in
way
of
my
narra-
tive
to enjoy
did not
and
Naga.
in
father)
who
lived
retirement with
this,
was
much
grieved to hear of
he
of Sanggr.imaUshotrapala,
to
way oorreotly
of miother,
aud so he gained
much
yurii,
reputation,
and
this
man
of lust
was made
the
Words
said in jest
and he showed
his
undone by
was bad.
he
felt
his
own wives
at
night.
190
KINGS OP KiSinrfllA.
One night
accompaniod by
five
invited
dosj
was a
thief,
The king
through
beat
fear, fell
him,
when
it
bodies.
king
(rent to
engagement placing
his nose-less
courtier
in
tho
front.
He went
by
in
ont in disappointment
captivated with the glance of tho girl, but did not escape
the eyes of the
passers
tho streets.
Even
the
by the
Even gods
how then
can
When-
the heart
is
evil
the
man
known.
Virtue perishes
Men
bom
in
good
family,
and then
becomes endangered.
to
And
after
filial' affec-
they determined to
KINQS OF KASHllfllA.
night in resolving to ooronnSo the learned
191
Haraha the
and
On
Vijja
Led by the ha,ud by Jayanauda and followed by Vijja But no sooner had he liia parent.4.
fattier
gave
a slap ou
his
face
and
told
him
his
his
weapon proudly
honorable
pay,
jsaid
to
honorable of men,
why do you forget that king men can never forsake their honor? I reooive and am a Itujpoot, and armed, how then can I leave
a<j
him
in danger as long
am
alive
You are
the father,
fit."
he tho son,
when we
are
both harsh and mild, Vijja brought away the king from
his
men admired
who was
for
wmld
under
dis-
cipline or imprisoiijil.
to
Vijja
thi
house of
Dilnd the
ivurite
queen.
She was
had Irq
pu-m d,
the
king was
&uu"e;iiu;
this
192
KINCJS OF BlASUllfBA.
On
the other
otl'er
went to him.
When
and the son, the king was alone and Vijja at the door.
But the queen mother was denied admittance, whereupon the old king became angry and prepared himself to go to
Vijayakshetra.
to
When
he
"
Why
do you
whatever you
may have
done,
You
had son considering that you have not resigned your subjects to his evil will.
The king
is
is
powerless as a doll
is
set
on a machine
that ho
owing
dis-
even as clouds
You
away from
you
to
fulfilled since
touch a
if
L>ut
When
the old
his
king heard
thus,
The
all
still
the treasure.
He
an
kings of sAsnufiu.
on the other side of
skirts,
<fco.
193
ttic
vivtv
Tho
ladies
of the
with soveral
house.
articles,
peg iu the
affair
The people
at first
knew nothing
place
of the
and remained
silent,
tears
olao
Nothing
heard in
lamentations,
and. cries of
"0!
;"
Mother,"
"O!
fnthei"
voice of
tho
streets,
the
were heard
like
on tho
And
queen
thr-y
became so accustomed
heard sueh sounds in tho air evon when they had departed.
f.on
They were
that
ouos.
they blamed
even
young
shvara nud
tlu-ir
troubles on
with
to
servants.
The persons
the
shrine
were Tauvanggnr&ja,
the princes'
,
Chandra, &o
Kbliira
but
they
also
guard.
The
days in happiness.
All
alao
Rajpoot
cavalry
and
tlw
194
stationed
KINDS of KiannfRA,
near him.
The
'year
of
his retirement
to
When
suries
bis father
bis trea-
empty.
wished
others,
and
his
ministers.
also
made
Vijuyamitra, .lord of
(lit.
Kampana.
WardLaving
he be-
Ho
loj:d
of the
robe)
Knmpunn.
And
fit,
plaood
men on
ugoiust
ocvernl
n
posts
as he thought
in
stowed his
fight
attciii'.
on accumulating riches
-
order to
from rich
Jity&iinndu.
borrowed
money
army
eld
of infantry
marched
king.
with
army
to
Tho
to
kiiig
liberated
Jindimlja
too
old
from prison
along
the
Jindutaja
J.t
marclied
king.
with
tiie
Hearing of
preparations
tlie
old Ling
became
itiv =. --ed
and
hastily
s>et
out to meet
the
euemy.
vith boraei.
ft
The The
t\\u
qnr-ou
Ivor
affection
her son
r
a -bud
husband to grant an
sent her.trusty
*rrniitice
d.iys.
At night he
servants
Majya ami
message.
"How
is
it
that your
kings of Kismifru.
senses
195
are
ao
1
heroic father
For
in
the
battle
to die.
Who
destroyed
And
When your
army
fire.
will
bo destroyed
eveu as grass
destroyed by the
of,
that
battle
with
him?
it
He
alone.
kingdom ami
to
you
yon,
enjoy
What harm
retired
into
Thoso who
you
you
to
iuto ilan^V,
ami
in
poverty.
T.iko
away your
nnny
so
long I
live,
father.
Assungo him
the
When Kalashu
by
th.it
heard from
his
meswith-
messago sent
mother,
ho
drew
his
army
this,
very night.
heard of
to
and
filled
battle
the queen.
But through
men
them should be frequently disturbed. When not iu the company of his queen, the old king became very often
incensed at the acts of his sou
;
she
"
used
to
assuage his
anger.
lie
ai^aiu
relieved
and
jS
kings of EAanafftA.
autumn,
alternately
disturbed
and
tranquil.
The son
destroyed
the
house* of his
by
his queen,
the
partisans
of hia
son.
Tormented
the
kingdom
weak,
whom
ho considered
to be pnmowlmt powciful.
over
the
country.
The queen
saw
this
danger
to
invited
felt
by tho messengers of
soma encouragement.
and passed
He
freed
himself from
tho
Ho
rode
five
yojauau
iu half a
Eshaua, so that
the prince,
were
tired
in
Both
his
graudf'trher
and grandmother
him
When
He wished
all
He
disturbances
in
the country
and
for a short
mother.
The
lord of
KampaUa
KINGS OP KiSHJlfr.A,
197
Khasha; according
queen mother
was allowed
owned
and
passage by him.
do-itroy
When
months and
half.
hou'iA-cr that
iulondi'il
hii
t'<
Hon,
at the
iiusl ij,'ation
of
J.i}
muuli!,
oJlt
impmon
il
him,
a
the
old
m,m
!i'"vr(
went,
of
:it
tho
.l.iyi
i>
iptl
with
horrowfnl
fvalasha
killed
and
the
lived
for.i'^o
Ji'.jr'i.
At
night
burnt
hi'i
of hit
father's
hoivs
jioiinncl
mul
j>vms
font boldierd
artifice.
with
firo
and
and
by
Tho enmity
b.-tnueii
Ihjin kindled
fur
a^nu,
s'ui,
s,
(df'ccijii
her
pitwtod
projtitute,
Iter
husband from
retaliatiui;.
Title lived
-Kaivarta
by
ca->te,
Ddwara.
o.ill
men
But
names
pair of
his pnvdtits
bestowed
n*
human
images of gold
e.mal to their
their grief.
own
When
mained unrufflbd by
hi -3 natincal allusions
enough ty carry out their works ho set Tho fir burnt the house of god plaofl.
to
their
Yijayesbvar.-v
198
KINGS Of KiSHMflU,
it
contained.
commit
suicide,
Tanvangga.
off
On
their
had taken
when
going
to
wife
in the sea of
lingo,
the morning a
unburnt
which was mudo of jewels and which she sold for seventy
lacs to the Tukfta.
With
this
food
The
day.
Wheu
tho pl.ico
,is
reduced
to
wilderness, the
Though he had
doing.
Ke.ulh. and
not,
was willing
to re-build the
get
the
protected'-hy his
to seud
hit
hi? patents
war, he
t'lld
uri>. I
messengers to
father
and
him
him
to to
go and
live at Parnotsa.
His
be-
queen ul*>
hw
Tanvangga
suras op KisinrfRA.
199
and Thakkana,
fluch as
usiftg the"
ho had never
fame,
heroism,
used before
:"
ITave
not
lost
glory,
kingdom,
spirit, setiso
and wealth
by beiug subjected
that
to the influence of
woman id useless appendago to man but in his last man becomes a plaything for woman. Who has excited the jealousy of a woman but has fallen a victim to it? Some women have robbed their husbands of
days
beauty, sotno of their strongth,
some
their iutelloct,
and
Homo
their
lift;.
.As
from tho
tho
hill*,
oven KoAvomon,
not
their
fill
huibauds
I
and lovo
thoir children.
have known
1
my
wife's
mind them
much.
worldly happinesg,
future,
life.
she attempts to
old
joys of
my
am
ami near
I
my
death
Vijayakshetra
thou^hti,
sius
?
Why
should I
with
anxious
my
is
can cancel
this,
A son
1
and
in
the
future world
mine
dio
He would
is
drive
me from
I
this shrine,
and wish me
in
an uuholy
place.
now
in
rumour
is
that
Kalasha
When
the son
different
know
him
to be illegitimate."
suffering
king re-
200
lieved
his
KINGS OT KiSHlrfHA.
mind, and by expressing his thoughts
feelings of his
wife.
inflicted
thei"e
a
is
serious
wound on the
tradition
For
the
that
lost
her
named Prashasta. The queen became very much ashamed when the secret
child
illegitimacy
and
husband. husband,
woman, thus abused- her For when a woman who has subdued her
like
a vulgar
is
rudely
spoken
kicked
to
by him,
lie-id.
slio
feels
as if she had
been
does
ou tho
wretched
place
man
to
not
know
hia
to suit hip
words
to tho
where ho
speaks them.
after
no cloth
woar
bath,
lost
tho
peoplo can
well conceive
what
ho
bus
through
wotunn
mo.
of your
?
You
faT
I
have
abused
me
as au unchaste
se-
and
old,
driven by
I
are,
from
your kingdom,
fear lest
but
The king was very much sat mute and calm ; but
When
king' in
know whence
the
Thakkana saw
that
The king
sentery
Rnkt'llUdi'ti
).
Kings
women,
KUTG3 OF KiSIBlflU.
"
201
the
re-
enemy
port
pressed
.
Tlmy spread
anil
that
the
when
real
thirsty,
had
drunk from
the
cause
of his
whioh
occurred
of full
Ui liuvod
of
the
and
win,
the
long bleep.
In
he
ft
us
i
h.tppy.
lie
was never
Iiim.
inn;
di'iwiidtnl
of
v.ith
Siiii'";raiiiai,'ij:i
11
on
the
ground, eovri'd
iviiy.
shout,
if
Unmoved
wordj he
by
tin:
cue
of hit
nor angry at
died as
to
if
her
hlt.pt
hii
loin;
sleep,
lie
to
word* he Ind
usud
his
wife.
if to
His grateful
ns
She gave
the
fl.iily
salaried
so
to all
from
the
Rajpoots
to
Ch.mdal-LS,
th
it
The herv.tuU
the
fur
bein-.'
now
treasurer
h -.trded
the
temple of Yijayeshvara
Her grandson
her
laid hia
head on her
vi.ied
sialic
head and nd
him
Having ordered
202
tho corpse
of her
KINGS OF KASHJlflU.
husband
in.
mfuviM, and
after
bow-
a chariot
drawn by a
portion
of
pair,
after passing a
service
of her
husband's body.
She accompanied
nuisiu
dead
lord, list-
ening to
of the
riage
the
funeral
mingled
to
lill
with
the
erica
people
which
the
seemed
corpse
so
all bides.
The
car-
on
which
w.u
bright
with
the
tlto
banners,
of
and wan
reflected
figures!
mwi
the
it
win*
s>tot>d
(subject) kings
which waved
soldier.*
the
air
like
Chato
mara.i.
Whon
and
honor
the
dead,
win
evt'uin<<
qnouu arrived
a/Footion for
at
Whether thnnigh
her
or for
felt
a desire to huh
that
the
iluat
fancied
At
led
this
road that
to the
Kalasha was
mis-
coma.
trustful
Her son
persons
too
her
when some
river thus
"Those
Vitasta,
wh'i
are dead,
When
it
and cursed
the meeting
Kisas of Kisuutai.
203
'between
perish
.
herself
and
l\pv
son*
'
shortly
Sea.,
their race."
JaySnauda, Jiuduraja,
repel
In order to
the
imputa-
ill"
future world
e-it.ibliihed
c.>rrin<jo
that
she was
innocent.
And
the
thin
huw.14
!.
lit
,(
Mo
And
fl.iiii"i
'
ro
und
ruldi-ncd
appeared to
tin' pcipli'
if
Anions the
were
death
fciiou:;,idhfir;i,
iiki
i
TtlJ.il'iiiMh
i,
J>.iud><krt,
the clifiriotoer
TA\udil
the Inn
1
ami
Kik.iv.il_
I
K'
nitu tnul
Khhematu of
i<f
V.ippata ;ind
dbh'ih 'wre
iho favorites of
to
luliU'urent
the
The
win,
iinl \,'iiyin_r
fi.i_.ile
temperament
of
of our
fd.M-i.
,n
vmels made
is like
cur heart
b.-ioincs blunt or is
worn
out
died
The
late
kiii?
inn ov
,
*
M-ty-iu e years
when he
aud
Uu
Tuiivitu^gitr-tjcii
the
in
ijii.-en^ind
tmk theiu
K the
(J. in
U,irh<i
haw ^ got
',)_li.j,-
quarreled with
t,t
hi
father.
Both the
but
to
\ ij.ijeshvura,
on
his
201
capital
kings
while
feared tho
oi'
KAsnafai.
aim
remained , there.
The
penniless
futhcr
his rich
was at
gers
List
repeatedly
make peace
the
The
father
son,
was
to
protect
person
and
tho Hon to
pay a certain
amount
to
When
his
Ivulashn. entered
Vijayoshvura to receive
the houses ho had burnt
eyes
ached
were
to
aoo
awl
his card
filled
with
his
tliu
Accompanied by
capital
of
Us
turn.
Knuu
this time
the king
turned virtuous,
rolative
of tho
liiiijj
u.itncd
Nayaua who
lie
lived at
l)&-
Selyapura,
turned a
iu
aud was
avaricious.
Every
>iay
he
and a
half,
men who
depo-
betray
t\:e
secret,
aud privately
take surac of
fled. his
One day when he intended the money out of the store, his men
vine creeT;he'
suddeuh
pers,
aud he was
this
hy
a foot
soldier.
king
obtained
wealth from
KIN'GS OP KkhmittUi.
205
coin
came
rich to the
end
<>f
hiii days.
The
was be-
that
is
its
natcra rcinaiucdiiuiddy
that
tho
avaricious
months.
c
It
str.uijjo
wealth,
fur othcid.
a.s
The fortunate
the
streams
the sea.
tree,
flW by
Bird
channels,
but meet at
la-it in
in
one
tven so
of itself
Fnir.i
i
wmom
quarters and
tho
'ley,
meets the
iinl
i'
ia iu
i
It
mi do
ven
ocii'l fiuin
illiM't,
m'si
uili
by
<
m uij
oh
fi
much and
tin
1
pasioijis
over
litlo'l
tin'
HunMiindini,' hind,
i
ii
ft.rtiuiute
m-ui
uith ludu
by
dio>w ways
bis fither
Tho kiuy
protect bis
iv>n
berime as mmdlul i-
was to
men.
Though cfouoimcil
good works.
Ifc
he was
the pist
v.
liberal in
jursminlly inspected
I'vpeu.litura
mild
nor be
(leif)
and khant
nki (ilmk).
proper prices,
t>
He
8ef>n
us2il
t\>
buy
jewels
hiru&elf
He
could
not bo
noon
bvlnpan^
their dreamt).
untry.
punish* tjie
too
severely.
He
lost
liii
ministers'
206
KINGS OF XASHMflU.
lost
was
by tho
ministers,*
and two
others, sons of
Tanvaugga with
their servants
still
he
evil
things.
Talcka,
brought him
number
of his
women
in
house
to
seventy-two.
Though
excessively adfish-
dicted to womeu,
soup,
ibc.
On
days of religious
he used
to
Possessed of qualities,
both good and bad, he did not renew the stone temple
of Mahadeva at Yijayakshetra after
it
had bee
burnt,
At
Tri-
for
him
of pure gold.
He
set for
up a god named
Kalasb.esb.vara,
him
of stone,
uteu-
kisos of kAshmIra.
-ails
207
to
it.
te set a
tl\p
would
the art
This
man knew
iu
While engaged
prepar-
ing the
king.
The
ouor-
At
this
tiinS
tiahajap'ria
w.w succeed" d by
uncle
{
his lion
Hanggr'imapala.
Tho
king's
father' a
brother) tho
powerful
Madanapala
young
for
Afraid
of
Madanap41a tho
king'h
kelp to
tho king of
K&hmfra.
them
others.
pleased with
them
nauda,
ami
-sent
accompanied by Jaya-
Vijja
and
SanggramapSla.
The
liiv
frighten
him
iu vari-
ous ways,
it
but
iu
vain.
Jayanauda
suspected that,
The
aud prayed
On
erit'inie*,.
208
he
left his
KINGS of KlsmifnA.
army
there,
audTeturn,ed to Kashmfra.
much
pleased with
The him 3
Vijja
style.
At
his
this
off by
to of
a mortal disease,
During his
illness the
king came
In the course
Whoa
silent,
had gone
was
still
out,
he
still
remained
when
Vijja,
who
on pretence of throwing
off the
remnant of tho
Vijja
still
ho was chewing.
to
what he had
do
outside,
loitered there.
Vijja
JayAnanda then
what
Vijja's prosperity
He
also
Vijja, had,
The king became suspicious towards Vijja, and when he returned to his palace, Vijja perceived his intentions,
of
politeness
his
'Having
all
his
to the king
htm
adieu.
whose minds
for.
political
a strange manner.
The king
KlJfOS OF KiSUJlflli..
200
uor did tbu
time of
iiis
did not
auger
hy money.
from
The king
feared
au
powerful
lit
man and
When
lL'tumoil,
fe.ir
hi*
this,
had
1'a
felt.
Hearing
Vijj
king was
his way,
politic.
Thoagh he had
to his king
attained
and
Thus causing
naudtt gained
Vijja
and others to be
wealth,
exiled
Jaya-
much
the eurye of
h.ime time kiug.
so
Suyynmatk"
died Jiuduraja
too
By
who had
Vijja
much wealth
210
Oaucla.
KINGS 01 KiaHJlffU.
Vijja died of a suu'den d'sease, and his younger
brothers
last
fled
When
killed
they ?t
tiger
by a
undergoing much.
the
king.
The
works
wise
man
are
still
spoken
of in society
The
avari-
named
Kiila&hugangja.
He was
kaB' cruelty,
fourth portion of the gain caused by him, (by electroplating 1). Prashastakalasha
aud
then became
Madanapala was
defeated,'vcaptured
and brought
to
JvSshrnira.
Kandarpa, Vnrahadeva's
of Dvara.
brother,
politics
Jinduraja.
He
destroyed
many DamaraBj
many
infe-
KINGS OF KASBMfRA,
L'll
nor
chiefs).
Ho
\\o#
^signed hia post, but was soothed and induced by the king to accept it again. Madanti was mado the lord of
Kampana.
Dimaras.
Vijayabtnha
He
many
other powerful
services
of
who had destroyed many thieves, and kept hanks, taado him the Pultuo Superintendent of tho capit.il. At tho time when Kandarpn, Udnyasiuba and
others went to Lulmru, the king kept iShuvauaraja aloof.
His
married lihiivauiunati,
of Nilupur.i,
and
tn.tdy
puaco
He induced
Pv&rn,
his party.
M ilLi, mm
fioni
Vi.j
lysiiinha
and
power
felt
at
Uraia country.
With
kingdom.
In the
year C3 of the
came
capital,
])
Asatu,
Munggaja,
king
of
of the
capital
hardly be seen.
Whatever
212
minister YSniaua,
wer.e
When
Kondarpa
these
asked
at-
accept
it
again.
strong
ho
some reason or
Praahasta-
kalasha,
to
induce
tinned
post.
men and
of his gold
to Kaudarpa.
Can
a paint-
The
at
king, however,
gave
Kaudarpa
capital.
t'ue
Superintendent of the
the
abject
conditio]] to
But he
pity
Lis
in
At
liia
hold of
garment (wishing
He
much
life.
The
wise king
Ins servants
rise
Ml
KINGS OF KASHJtflU.
213
dancing
girls,
many
of
whom
all
lie
countries.
Near Jayavana he
largo
built
namo with
nas,
houses
temples,
them.
At
Marsha roso
talents.
to
reputation
He knew
in
the
all
lie
knew, till
sciences
and
his
fame had
various
to
and
whom
was
inbiiuicient to
his charity
he took
his
He
used to sing to
tile
father like
other singers,
and with
reward he
One
d.ty,
whtu he was
the bath-room.
and
If a
Aisult,
may
; but not so
the indifference of
listener of song.
A jester
of tho king
named Vhdivi-
214
KINGS of Kisiwfru.
and
l-eign
in
his
place.
The prince
in anger
Dhammata who
affection
The ambitious
to their para-
showed
their
to
affection
When
reward to
his son,
On
another day,
when the
prince,
had retired
to his
chamber
The
prince replied
him
still
to continue tho
longer,
man
him
point,
a push.
his
But
finding
man and caused the blood to be washed by He told the' jester that if he again spoke on
gave him a cloth.
that subject,
of this
gift,
man
woman
'
will favor
him
"
if
After
Entertaining
aud engaged
murderers
felt
affectiou for
strike him,
kisos of KAsmifiu.
215
nor did the son betray his purposie. And to prevent the secret from beiug divulged the Tikahnas were taken into
confidence.
disclosed
to
the
came
to
know of
he did not go
When
the
in the
kiii'4
exprcHcd
th'i
grief
lnwl on
lap of Thakkiwia.
Ho
ami brought
to
him.
Tliey
i-x
preyed
their inability to
do so and pleaded
we keep
our doors open at night for those in <mr younger brother be guilty or not
;
distress.
Whether
the
country."
them leave to go. Fearing an attack on the way they weat out of the couutsy with their servants and force
and troops.
When
his don to
else
:
"Since
sou
is
but
216
I
KINGS OF KASHMflU.
to
all
am known
to
Meritorious,
why do
you take
with
ways ?
You
me
why
am
not giving
you your grandfather's riches and your own. The king without wealth is slighted both by his own men and
strangers,
After the
construction of the
or to
Nandik&hctra.
You
will
very soon
Why
men
his
then
like
understanding
I
my
wicked?
of you,
hare
so
of the
tion
alleged
of
affec-
wished
that
the
deny Ids
guilt
innocent,
to
by a
father
Harha
praised
person.
To the person
his father,
of wicked
in
men he had
own
and
fled
fear to his
house.
When
the messen-
countenance of the
man and
my
son
KINGS OP KiSHMflU.
217
Ijq
flursha
to
attacked, but
off his
ho
would strike
own
head
if
Harsha.
<,'.ite
The Tikshnas
(prince's
piiiice,
followers)
closed tlio
"
destroying
us
l>y
intrigue?
life,
You know
kno'vs
shall ho
that
your father
will .Nave
lift:,
your
hut
ami he
that
you
will
save hit
we only
Lill
killed,
niiiUst,
or wc will
you,
in either
The
kin;*
Iii'cmiiio
tt
very
apprehensive for
respectable
hn
sou's safety.
Now
JXuxl.ika,
very
The Tikshnns admitted him taking him for a patfisau Dundaku uame to the piiiice and addressof the prince.
ed him, after bewitching those around, "
!
prince,
though you
compose you
live
a long
life,
still
the
elements which,
will
is
And
yuii
since death
Yon who
learning
warrior,
for
is
widely known,
fight.
These
will help
you and
victory
hetide,
be
it
<oi*
defeat,
you
a warrior."
Be vend by
tfia
218
KI2TOS
OF
K-iSIIMfttA.
Diseases
are removed
by
medicines,
the body
is
protected from
Tho
king's
prince's palace
with
cries,
The
Tikshnas
left
woro
stroii",
re.st
Two-or three
fell there,
and tho
attempting
to
to
aud
killing those
who opposed
Though
still
tho
men
Sahaja,
aud
T ivya,
a learned
,
Brlhmaua and warrior, was killed by the enemy. So also died KSmadeva and Keslu, the latter being a native of Ivamata. Some who deserted their arm3 and attempted to kill their own partisans were captured and killed as
cowards deserve.
Ou
month
rian
of
Ponsha
this
in the
era,
fight
and imprisoned.
requested to
son
at
first
make peace between the father and the but when the latter was imprisoned, the proud queen ;
jnxcH or KidUMfiu.
210
guards over his
to
The
.-vn,
Uiij,'
and,
send him
jroml fuuil.
allowed Prtiy&ga,
tlio
prince's servant, to
to
be
cither to kill
the prince
yus.
The
hrti-t, folt
a pn-ioii
<if
d/v
H<>tti<;
his
Uiiisj
mm.
Oho
them,
Su^.tl/i,
the yraiul-dtuigbtcr of
Tul.lu,
ami wished
fur tne
And having
lint
Pr.i-
insulted
lie'iid
df tliu
his
ii
cm
th.it
diih to
master to
(md
two
d>><;->.
When
IliUslui
life
;
of his
and brhovhu;
i'.itliLi-,
this
ti
ho did
iiv -d
not, t-Jse
sent to
him. but
dim
li
When
f...id
tlio
v.'iit
kmy
tlm
tlnoti.di
cooks ho sent
aked-liiiu
naMiu- Pjaja^.ithtu
tho
sent for
two
I'unki
|ii>i-(.ii,
.md
uud
iiifiiriueil
afttir
of the
told
him
if
the
htiabijjum.
The
tne
ptijict',
any toml,
pviwi.
brought him.
The
20
kixgs or KAsmifiiA.
agaitisfc
much
longer.
to
image of
(he
the Sun,
"Wishing
it
away
from
tios
temple.
obtain
the
propur-
of thoso
children, the
mean
actions.
The
curses of the
oil
womou brought
temple of
all
of performing certain
llara.
ceremonies
KumbhapralishthS)
in the
Then
cure
attempts
to
or rather increased
the
disease.
SIucli
to tako to
He had
lie
indigestion,
strength and
to IIarha,
was anxious
to give his to
it,
kingdom
ho brought Utkarslm
death-bed he
distri-
of Luharo.
all,
On
his
buted riches to
of his
household.
Ho then
The
bring
him nut
away the
ivyul guards
'1'bakkuras of
in their place,
Utkarsba of
all
that had
happened.
They then
tied
took
hjni,i bereft
all
his
fribnd",
to
Oa
thu
KINGS OF KiSHlrfltA.
other
231
hand the king,*on the point of his death, told his tneu to take him to a shrine. Remembering that his disease was the result of his uprooting Tamrasvami ho
wished to take refuge at Martanda.
the king went to
kshetra.
foolish
Urged by
fear
that shriue
At
alike
the
time of
death
the wise
and the
showed
his weakness,
On
lunar day in
tho
tho
month of Agruhayana
Tho sounds
a boat
night
fall
by a pair towards
of the
drum, &c,
He
and
he
ministers
No\t day,
at
about evening,
he reached the
life,
iu the hope of
but
still
"
his
and
would
not bring
siyliod,
The king
and opeuiug
doors
of
his
room heard
the
soughs
When
He
not attended
greater
itself.
instructed
Utkarsha
to
He
and
only muttered
name
of Uarsha,
to understand his
222
KINGS OP KASHMfBA.
and
after a
day and a
half,
At
to
moment
who were
of the Sun.
At
MammaniU/t and
six
others of his
a concu-
bine
named Joyamati.
whom
late
her sex.
king's
caste,
grieves
into
im
that
she
took
of
the place.
Fie to the
au
object
of
enjoyment of the
All the
Utkarsha,
only the
Vamana performed the funeral rites of Ou one side arose the music and songs
for the
dead and
funeral music.
difference
now
^ija-
by queen
The
KINGS OF KASDllfnA.
to
Uarsha.
Som>
mediators.
son of
for
The king ulho allowed u salary Kayya. Women, even ijhen they
deceased husbands,
;
to
Jayaraja
are weeping
their
think
of their means of
livelihood
of
tlrtir
fathers,
speak
of their
<!w.,
future prosperity
also
and
other
n-lutivus,
servants,
hinnl.it'
entertain
soltish
thoughts
ti
manner.
.And
their
yet
stupid
men
Imttd rirhes
dren.
l>y viiuki'il
menus
f >r
king
and even as u
day, thfij
dors not
felt
no delight in
tliit
day of
corouatioit.
On
when Uarsha's
he was hound
the
four pillars
all
his
merchandize
next
day,
he remained sunk in
On
the
some
difficulty
ti>
made him
said,
eat something.
for,
countries.
When
On
him.
224
music arose as
of coronation.
KINGS OF EianiifRA.
the king was
now ready
getting the
ning.
light-
From
his
omens,
and
attainment
When
him a man
to
be released, and. to be
there,
Or
if
he was detained
ben paid.
1^,0
If
neither
would commit
him
his
due.
Harsha asked
Thus tho
kiut;
mind
beat
avert
suspicion regarding
him
to Vijayatnulla,
informing
with
grief,
and
after
as to
to
In the mean
to- preserve bis
KI.NGS
OF KilllllflU.
*
2'2~>
own
{fid
T
T
life.
Praya;_'a to ITar&hadeva
began
means
lkur*liii,
nnw master
of the
good ndmiuibtration.
Though
his minister.?,
tho
management
<-f
any
net'
tiling himself.
to
how
s-aw
the
wcakh
Wiiuhis
nicn
that ho
itiorea.se
i-tpi'ii-e,
and knew
of hit
to
be uvat iuioim.
Tho wanton
tni^cilitif'ss)
uidou-i
fit her
v.ho
were fed
and wide.
His h iluts
hems
puriimotiious, he
cniild
become a
kings before.
reeeive
his
pay
regularly,
tiie
ciecutiipany
and he
set out
The lieuttul army came over They reminded him that Harnha waif m ptUon, and that if h, too, weut away from tin.* ktuydom it was all that, the king could wish for. They
cine nigtit at
Lavauuthar
t>
hid
aide.
t!ieieliiro*a>-kcd hint to
fipro
release
liu-
he went aviav.
armed
boldiei*.,
2'2G
KINGS OF KiSIIUfclA.
Some
his
of the
Damaras heard
uiicl
of his
retuwi
knew
purpose
joined him.
Vijayamalla
who was one of the mediators, the head of his cavalry. Nga, who belonged to the party of Vijayamalla, but who had not left that of the
kins:,
of Padmupura, but
the road.
light
anil
burnt tho
Ikiusph.
Jayaraja,
whom
tho
king had
the
tu
disappointed,
after
making a promise,
espoused
cause of Vijayamalla.
cutiiiidui'
as to
Vijayii-
uialla sent
message
would
retire
aud
at the
ifce.
is
Khasha
tribe."
to
Thus spake
of his prisuu.
*the prison
city,
aud went
When
the
and
afraid of
them to is uow
"Thq
lite
wisked man
will
iu
trouble,
so release
me
Uy me."
When
Tlutbkurut,
KlXfiS
OP KiSUMfBA.
22
and
Irfird
they
wore
deiiheratmg ns to
if
what
to
do,
lie
the bmuihI ns
door from outside. " Have they deceived me," said Ilarsha.
Thukknras."
Hut
the Thakkurua
fears
ami
of
Sixteen
armed men
Nonaka had
moment
if
Immehoof
his
tho
his
that
<iiiij
if It.irsihiifi lifu
service
liereaftiT.
therefore
cancelled
men
to
keep Harshft
however,
Thakkunv*.
kill
a parti-
him
Then he
fingers,
to
await
his
future command.
The
Harsha on the
spot.
them ly name, gave them betels and made them sit down
before him.
offered
Thus
received,
the
men
and
to
left
their
in-
tention
murder him.
possesses
an
of virtue, attains
wealth
and
and
even
228
hist
KiN-aa
of kashmIra.
foe?
turn to friends.
s.xid,
adi
you ashamed,
and you
not
will
blame. very
Wait hero
little
while
see
strange things,
and
will
observe
how
As
tigers
the
condition of
\ihich
man
changes
evoty
moment.
clouds
and
so
the disposition of
man
constantly vuues,
and beoomei
re-
cruel or kind on
different occasions.
"We perceive
progress of time;
in
Heat
tho rain,
and darkuoss
thickeus
to
dawn.
get kingdoms,
lead to good
as iu Nature, excessive
fortune."
Feeling Bare of
his life being
future greatness,
attained
undergoing sufferings
like him.
To
and
the
pare
story of Harishchaudra.
They
did not
know
that
all
entertaining them, he
r
was
tion as to
how
TJtkarsha thought
of
it
many
plans regarding
kill
expedient to
to that effect.
But ho forgot
KINGS OF KiSHMfflA.
orders repeatedly disregarded,
ojwufc
229
all
the
king recollected
the rings
qualities, giving
mistake.
goffulncii and
The
by
his politoueis
""he
that
kill
ShiiiM for
thu;
but
riiiLj
brought,
tho
they
danced
taking
with
Shiira
-y
fippmielind
'lli>
prince,
with thorn
HU.J
th'
1
Ilijpoot
01 h'i
fell
did
not believe
that
the
omivoyol on
for
to
lolf.wo
his
fcot;
til'lUL'lltflll.
On
ed his
Ttis dejd,
thought that Harsha and was very angry and vigorously maintainopposition. Ho intended to burn the capital, and
difficulty deterred
was with
And
to
make him
SugiU,
husbanS.
his
is
believe
their statement,
IlavoU.i's
wife, clad
as a lady should
when her
alive.
Yij ly.imalla
saw
her,
and gave up
released.
intention
to
burn tho
city.
if
of
him.
The
cit'uons
showered
on
230
mmaa of KianufnA.
Mug
When ho
and
Harsha
his
When
with joy.
Vijayamalla saw
in,
And
after
salutations
Harsha would
kill
Utkarsha and be
king.
which
Harsha
and
was
fro, his
surprised.
He
saved himself by
riding to
malla.
As the
by
as one after
escaping the
so
of death
by drowning, oven
man
is
Toy Pate,
all the
may
be
more
Some
of Harsha's
foot-soldiers
for
went to the king to Bay that the hostilities had ceased. But whea he was entering the palace where the king was bo was forbidden to do
so
by Vijayasiuha.
" After
kings or KASmiiEU.
escaping
death," he^ouquiitjd,
!
231
You
of little sense i
your
four,
who had
took her
much
against
him,
now
by
">
hit bide
Heuiing of
from
ITtkii'itha
his
room.
dants,
The
to
Into kin?
the
sow
!
not foe
over
whh
any n\o
Vij.tyasinha
then placed
of
it.
Utkamha
lFar-<h.i
under
guird
and
informed Harvha
whom
he had been
acquainted in his
himself
s>afo
ptijon,
as
his
own
from Vijayamalla.
On
become
Harsha's
king, and
went
tu
well isceived
by
to his
(Vijayamalla's)
house.
Wheu
to
the king's
army came
he caused Tijayamalla
ing that,
him
life
''
me my
and kingdom;"
favored by the
Harslui
,
Thus
He
sat
clothes that
with tho
toil,
cares aside,
232
eyes
shut,
for
kings or KlsnufBA.
be
fanciect
he
of
slaughter.
Utkai'Bha,
advioe.
now a
prisoner, asked
of his
ministers for
follows in the
Nonaka rebuked him and spoke to him harshly as " You did not' listen to the advioe I gave you
:
my
tell
you what
insulted
Trill
you
You
deliver
Harsha when he was imprisoned, tomorrow he you to the hands of the oxeoutioners. There
;
is
no
but even
is
oy,er.
death
r
is
hard to
to
attain,
now
that tho
war
It is
not proper
distress.
therefore in
As a
small
more
When
Sflhaj6.
Ho
pretended
;
to
be
going
to
repeat
the
SandhyS
in the
prayers
a cloth-cutting knife. Sahaja heard the sound made by the knife, and saw -with terror the stream of blood
flowing out of the screen.
ing,
Her
love
subsequent
edifying
to
wives
who
"
KINGS OF EASHltfRA.
their
233
husbands,
her,
behind
too, in tho
same way,
ia
some-
Though
of their husband,
ill
of the former.
She
by perishing
in fire.
When
she was
a prostitute,
death.
reigning for
one
mis-
Soma
of his
perished by
Harsha's party
now disarmed
die
him to lay
bis
bis
down
them
arms,
telling
him
in time, as otherwise
there
no one to be
to sacrifice
ministers.
life.
Consequently
it
Huns, SihlSrasent
bhatta, Prashastakalasha,
to prison.
as if it
them
234
kings of EisnidnA.
reigns of other kiDgs- have,, been
difficult
TLe
it
narrated; but
is
Here
I shajl
He was
full
of energy
but
possessed traits
of
character
inconsistent
with
each other.
all rules.
He
on
all
sides,
frequently disobeyed.
He was very charitable, but at the same time plundered many people. He wao very He did many good kind, but caused mauy murders. Ho was both loved and hated, as woll as sinful acts.
was
both
ill
good
of.
and
bad,
and
Was
cf
admired and
spoken
for
Surely he
was made
his birth
atoms of
fire,
great
men
could
among men
earrings
or
His
were bright as
and a turban.
wore beafd, and
lie
lie
of a
plexion.
was
as
voice
deep
super-
that of clouds.
beings.
In form he could
shame even
at
human
He hung
the four
lion-gates that
He heard
the com-
In the
without
gold
ornameuts.
Numerous
people
kings of KlsmifeA.
gathered at the lion-gates, "and
it
235
if
appeared as
the
The new
in
the palace
tho
Thus reigned
advice of Vijaya-
malla.
filled
and
dis-
regarding his
ters.
Dvfira,
Madaua
at
Kampana, and
&c,
When
his
nuwr
many
abated,
Ito
released
their
Prashastakalasha
posts.
own
But
recol-
douo hy Nonnka, and being angry with him, Ilnrsha impaled him with his half brother
(son of his nurse.)
found himself
iu difficulties
wise and faithful to his master, and repented -of his deed,
A worthy man,
service
to us.
sometimes of
other Rajpoot a,
Nonaka was impaled by Vibhabhatta aud but not before he had seeu his wife
and nose being cut
}iis
off.
The king
bestowed wealth
captivity.
ter,
on
servants
Sunna,
son of Vajra,
out,
the
king.
and
v, as,
236
than even his
for his
KINGS OF EiSHMfBA.
life.
Dhammata,* who
to the
nephews to Kashmira.
lost his
The
king,
elder brother,
now
ing
the kingdom
his
the
latter,
instigated
to
by
rebel.
-wicked
men, changed
give
it I
Why
to
tho
kingdom
another
after
'
conquering
Thus advised
his
by
the wicked,
to
to
he
wished
the
and began
Intending
plan
kill
death
in
elder
brother.
him
solitary
feast
which he instituted.
his
purpose, and
army
to be collected. In the
away
he fought with
Untimely
rains,
which
fell
everywhere,
bewildered the
hot,
people about
thisT time.
The
contest was
him
with
to
kill
5.
This
person
Harsha'*
KINGS OP KiSHllfRA.
him,
237
and
his
array*
became reduced.
He came
to
the spot where the Vitasta and the Sindhu the bridgo over
waves,
water,
wife.
it
met, and
being
ha
first
with his
him
on
to
his horse
LaharH.
the passes
and readied
There
malla's
tlA>
city of Dsirat
ouoircled
by mountains.
men
joined
their
master.
On
Damarai were
not sucoeed.
cause,
marched
(Jhaitra.
He
all difficulties,
and
the
Ttas
fall
encamping
of snow.
!
when
efforts
he
died
by
his
He was the
He,
Pre-
many
his
wore, a turban
ornaments.
No
distinction
was
lord of
23S
KINGS OF KAsmtfiu.
king's
cloth.
Cut
this
his
kingdom.
He
ordered some
female servants to
He
with
liked
the customs of the south, and introduced coins like those current in KarnSta.
His court
was
fillod
men
Women
ears,
Tho ends
of
to
as the
can nourish
By
who
came
to sing
He
In
drawn by
pair
and
r_to
use umbrelja.
in
of
KINCI3
OP KiSUMfRA.
*
239
liberal
tho king.
it
Bnfc
now
lfe
Harsha was
Kitshmira.
lhirs>ha's capital
became one
which
the
ex-
touched
tho clouds.
In
tho pleasure-garden of
all
.sorts
of trees.
1
He
tank named
Tampa
himself
adorned with
\vu<t
He
learned
to
of
knowledge.
Even
bis
this
day
his
sonifi
aro
thuir
ITstoned,
even by
enemies,
with tears
in
eyes.
Ho
used to
sleep
two
bo gavo audience to
enjoyment.
Ho
conversation
wilh
At
by the
dried Shefuli
of the
women.
cloudlike
cauopy hung
fire.
above,
laiui'S
Tho bars
like
ters
'
like serpent'),
smoke,
the females
star.-*,
were as
assembly of the
gods,
Tama and
and
Feat" here
240
KINGS OF KiSHMfRA.
t
is
impossible to describe.
Iu his time transactions wore carried on mostly by gold silver coins, and vory little by copper dinnars. Sunua
officer,
to
the
He
Mulaka and
Vijayesuvava,
this king
re-
In the reign of
the hungry, the helpless, tho sick and the poor were
lieved of their grievances.
wealth by spending
at
Nandi-
the Brfihmanas,
who wore
Br&hmanas
in the capital
as bright as a flame,
The new
ministers, as they
whom
with
jealousy.
It
is
by a whim
led-
that great
men
are deceived
and
by the
weak.
Though
business, yet
In order
to repay
And having
KIS03 OF KiSnilfBA.
241
ami
.seurutly
collected foot-soldiers
and
stationed
them at Kota.
hid himself.
At
ttiH
tiiuo Saogrtiiiitpala,
Icimj
of Kfy'apuri, found
opportunity
to
rito
asrainst
Kashmir,^.
tor
I
imm i>f*KuKi, svid vat >aud,m ty.dsa to Il&jaHo hastily wont with lus army hy way of Lohara, puii. hut loitered for a month ami n half uuar tho \uterd of
Kota.
On
summer months,
On
ho got
felt
frUhtunod by
no
inclination to proceed in
expedition.
In-)
the other
inactivity, as
ho did
"When,
knowing
the
king's
inclination.
rebuked,
he-
determined, although
he had no military
ho kid couiiuered
it.
Ho
aud fouud
hiin.selfj'
beyond
He
fallowed
Kaudarpa
his
tut
ho was
bom
248
KINGS OF KiSHMfBA.
of a
white umbrella,
killed.
At
or
Rajapurf.
three hundred
infantry of
Kandarpa opposed
In this battle
enemy.
When
it,
performing
By
this
rallied,
and
came to
fight again
last prohara
of the day.
Kaudarpa discharged
oil,
in a preparation of
which
set fire
they
fell.
"
Tho
foolish
of discharging
capital,
But
arrived,
by
their
own
loss,
some
are
the sight
of the loss of
other people.
kings of iusmfiu.
243
1
Who
can understand;
human
nature
Kanrlarpa then
into the
Who
can,
his own valor, enter a foreign country like Kandarpa, whon tho people thoro are loyal, and the army largo and united 1 Within one month Kandarpa returned to his
by
coimtry,
IiajaptuT.
after
exacting
tribute
so that
and others.
tttlo
for
tho
good
his
ordered him to
near hi a
feet.
Tho
niinistora
who
Dvara.
of
By
their
made
Kaudarpa lord
that pro-
had brokea
out.
The meanKings
who
cannot
judge
themselves
soon
perish
by
As
sands
duriug
told 'the
king that
his, absence. The ministers now Kandarpa had taken with him two
The
244
kings oe icAsmtfRA.
seo,t
with an army
to capturo aud
kill
him.
By some
of the
'
mistake
arrival
Kandarpa learnt
;
of the
army and
its
purpose
the
mom out.
Just at
this
playing
of
hia oppo-
Kandarpa then
He
him
in
hia posses-
sion
and
depart.
sions
He
Btead,
a chief of
in his
and
-thus obliged
was
to perform
way
made
He
many
templefl.
muoh
As
fat-
ministers quarrelled
one
another.
And
as.
KINGS OF KiSIUlfRA.
245
rams
fered
is
Thus passed Dhammata, eon of Tauvangga, wished to get the kingdom by rebellion, and attempted to kill the king. The wily Dhammata induced Joyar^ja, son of a prostitute, r to murder tho king, and sent him for that purpose,
from tho disputes of his ministers,
sometime.
lie thought within himself that after the king's death
he
wou!4
son.
inherit the
prostitute's*
And
the crime.
Viliiva
They
limited
to rcbclhon,
omens"
for
an auspicious day
to start.
When
holding
He
divulged everything
it,
who informed the kiug about the journey of Dhammata. forbade destruction of his own kinsmen, the king
taking severe measures
guard.
;
Afraid
refrained from
Naga and PSja, two heroic but low d&maros as his spies. Tho king heard that Jayarfija had set out with h'ta followers to fight with him and made preparations fur
de fence*
*
%2'i.
246
KINGS OF KiSHMflU,
self
The wily Dhammata, on the other hand, armed himon the morning, and pretending to Bet out for
a chamber to worship.
Jayaraja
and,
mata
to
murder Jayaraja.
in
ftat as
Dhammata he would surely disarm himself. And by ordering Dhammata to murder his colleague, Dhammata would not think that the king had knowledge of his guilt. And if Jayaraja resisted and fought
Jayaraja confided
in
the
souffle.
that stop,
and Dhammata, believing that his own share of the guilt was unknown to the king, thus spoke with iusolenoe to
Jayaraja:
"The
king
is
displeased with
thee,
and
if
with-
Whether by
divine
by reason of
his
confidence in
Dhammata,
his weapons
down
When
:
him
of
been a neuter."
Tulla
KINGS OF KiSQMfltA.
24?
water
confess
tho plans
of rebellion,
he confessed
his
own
crimes,
but
Dhammata.
whero
it
was eaten by
the
fishes.
In the KSsh-
in
tluSu
month
murdered, and
truction of
Dhammata.
purpose
a
1
For
this
Kalasharsja,
living at
ho king sent for Thakkura namod man well skilled in arms, and who was Lohara. Tho king received him with kindness,
might be
left
when Vaniana
ministers
the room.
He
said
these
By
and accordingly,
,
Kalatjhar&ja,,
Dhammata was
iu
the
capital,
and was
the sun.
bird) to
sons, be shrieked,
248
KINGS OF KiSnirfBA.
to
mata
his
draw
his
kill
weapon
him.
and
Dhammata
'took
up
dagger to
Kalashavaja
struck him in
Dhammata
fell
down and died. The eldest son of Kalashardja was wounded by the weapon of Dhammata, which was poisoned, and suffered from repeated sores. Unfortunately for him,
armed-
his sword had broken and he was illThey threw him down from behind, aiwl'his
body was, by the king's order, given to be oaten by dogs. The king took under his protection Rihlnnn
of
robol,
but were kept back by the wiles of Udayasinha. " You are
my sons,"
down
They
rely-
by love of
life,
they laid
" Come
to
cinha to them,
all
"and show that you are innocent." went by the way leading to the palace. The
umbrella-bearer of
to Jayaraja before.
,-have
Your
fool,
ease
'\s
similar to his^
Why
you then,
It appears that
my
father,
aud your
me
birth."
KINGS OP KiSHMfRA.
t
240
to
prison.
youth.
But at night
Vimbiya
Vulla and
their
by tying a rope
in
the
king's
presonco.
Yijayarija,
murdorod four
Gulla.
of thota,
to
Tulla,
day, old
Even
this
men
speak of
tear.s
ia their eyes.
Long
was
iiio
known by
thoir scattered
murks of
hotel.
uf Utkardlri
'Tho
young and
"spirited
hoy Jayamalla,
son of Vijayamalla,
of
firo,
whom
in
was murdored
Thus
murder
it is
their
to
relieve
themselves,
their
kingdoms ara
Bee;- are killed
Aavattha (peepnl)
may
The
great crime of
so
that
'"
by hid wen.
own
father,
p by bin
by
the
father.
this
act
council
Haludbant's
gtaudson,
250
KINGS OF KiSHMflU.
of Kalashesha,
I shall
The weak
painted on
or thinks
or doth"
to
made
of
lily
thread,
is
possiblo
seen
only in dreams, or to
ed.
make
disappoint-
The accomplishment
as a
by Prayaga, even
One day
in
and
jollity,
Loshta-
The
that
He
replied
Abhundapura
there
possess-
closed.
And when
it
were opened,
left,
and
therefore,
The
not
much
so
" which
KINDS OF KlSHMfR'A.
worshipped, has so
201
much
wealth,
And when
the
thinking,
grand
army by plundering
had plundered the
in order
idols
and
them
of their
sanctity, he caused
poured
into
in
their
noses,
hands and
He
took
away
those images
silver.
round theii
upon and
run do naked,
and mutilated.
was nut taken
gods were
Two
influential
capital,
and
When
two
men
at
Parihasapurtt,
One of these persons was Kanaka, and the other was Shradinger, born in
A man
evil acta,
Though
252
KINGS OF KiSIBlfRA..
whom
and
still
pointed
new men
in
!
Che principal
offices.
Fie to the
time-serving servants
and became a
Helaka, a
principal financial
(Arthanfiyaka).
Brahmaua who
served
in
the
temple
of
officer
tributo from
greatest
who
exacted
money through
spent on
"evil
and
got was
idle people
The
king's
money was
horses,
women and
and
Tho
king's
in appeasing his
and
in
hunting.
Kings walk,
sit,
drink,
or perform chariof
they are
KINGS OP KASHllflU.
good or bad.
253
they have one eye or two hands more than other people
nor ever think
die.
Women
who
gain
they are
is
powerful.
What
;
had
rejected
frighten
then),
they
Kings and
may
be attributed to
as nothing
Ilarsha did.
Champaka's younger
and to assuage
brother, Kanaka,
iu the
a pupil of Bhiaianayakti,
borrow-*,
tho
On one
wife
Harsha saw a pioture of Chandala, the beautiof Parm&udi, king of Eamata, and became
her.
"Vile courtiers excite
enamoured of
the foolish as
men
excite
dogs.
Thus
excited,
Haraha shamelessly
vowed before the court.to destroy Parmandi and to have Chandala. He vowed not to use prepared oaruphor till
he obtained her.
minstrels laughed at
:
on your way
to
there
is
your
pre-
bond, as we know by
smell,
254
pared ;
it is fit
SINGS
Off
KASDMfRA.
it
to his love."
is
is left
Mug
to
-will
Madaua, lord
The king's
foolishness
and
restlessness
flattering
and
Some
mother,
of the courtiers
brought an old
woman
him.
from
and
so
got
of
Others
lemdness by the
courtiers,
king
him on account
and was so
foolish as to ask
for
servants (considering
the
life.
of
He was
~ death,
What more
life
can
courtiers,
if it
were
KINGS 0* KiSHMfltA.
wealth in hiB hand.
-.What good
255
can narrate those
man
bad and
foolish
troubles
about the
such
Harsha.
uncommonly wicked things about king Though the kingdom was mismauaged, yet his
it
so long as he
One
night,
when
the
and he was leaching dancing girls to dance, an enemy from a distance shot an arrow at him. That he did not
perish, or
it,
Somehow the
;
became corrupt
the young
however, discovered
and in anger
some
afraid of their
punished
some
of
the
women,
to
and
own
guilt,
and wished
themselves at their
every side,
masters
cost.
The
namo spread on
Kalasha.
He
on
their laps
when he was
his
sister
a child,
(his
the rank of
cousins)
25C
KINGS OF KiSHilttlA.
i,
He
princes,
flesh of
On
of
llfijapmi on account
some defect
in
their
offering
submission,
Other
to
Harshn
down with
and
the
army
Baja-
food
within the
beoamo
scarco,
to
make
and liomage
as king Ilarsha
might order.
the avaricious
of
Dandanayaka by
When
to
the king
Kashmira
retired
demand
extra
pay
was at a
Now, when the king waa appeasing the soldiers, "DandaTiayaka frightened him by saying that the Turashkas
would attack him.
*
little
patience;
should make allowance for the facta and opinion of who lived in the reign of one whose net very remote imeeator had usurped the throne of Harsha.
historian
We
euros of EisnMfBi.
he withdrew his af my from the place, and
367
fled in fear,
Servants
who
in
on troubles
taken to battle
From
this time
Now
he admitted the
army could
not.
to bring back
The king
arrsstod Dandanayaka,
knowing
his
disaffection,
when
in coufino-
mcut, did not take milk, nor the things sent to him by
his
friends,
The
foolish
king after-
post,
although he
had deserved
excited
capital punishment.
The
as
courtiers again
the
king
with flattery,
Kama, &o,
did
Duryyadhana
is
Ghoshaj&tra.
He who
woman scolds and taxes her husband, and the Kiynstha who has robbed much wealth throws the king in trouble;
thus
tfiey cover their
own
defects
and
prosper.
Now
afrajd,
entrusted
him
for
became
and
tried to
He
advised him,
conjunction
258
KINGS OP KiSHMfRA.
This* fort
was formerly
killed*
by Janaka the
lord
of
Darad through the negligence of king Kalaaha. people of Darad had also taken Anantagrama.
king was ready to lead the army.
The
The
was no
lake,
purposes of water.
rain,
At
this
Champaka
him
took the lord of Dvara with him and, crossing the river
He
sent
army on
and remained
alone
army.
The
battle raged
.the
soldiers of
a religious house.
An
astrologer
had
tcmaa of kIshmIba.
obala and Sussnla, tried to increase tbelr fame.
*
269
The
elder
war on
The
on account of want of
But
at this
moment
a heavy shower of
the country
j
down the
Kundaka
(ball).
their arms,
by the enemy, and many of them perished in the large river. On the waves of the Madhumatf floated the
clothes, arms, horses, &o., of the retiring army. The number of men that perished in the river and the number killed or captured by the victorious army of Darad cannot be counted. Uchchala, with his younger
Kashmfra thus
left
army of Darada by protecting the army, and henceforward people considered these two proud men,
They won
and
no,t
great reputation
The
veneration of
them
rose
still
higher,
260
Bent
KINGS OF EiSSMfHA,
I
enemy and entered his oapita}. The people oompared the brothers with Ema and Lakshmana and the king with Havana, (thereby foreshadowing a coming event,
viz.,
the dethronement of
began
to
oppress
subjects as
usual.
Mean minded
who
are near
who commit
serious crimes
at a distance.
The dog
it
man
The king once heard that whom he had oreated lord of Kampana, spoke of Madana, the king's late defeat ; he was angry with him and who throws
at him.
He
also
hi in,
commanded.
named Jhakkiu
Though
life,
Mb
yet
his
Madaua and
by
The king's anger could never be appeased. Such, is the doom of those who depend on their AcquainOn tance- with the great and serve them without fear.
the day of Mariana's death on the bauks of Ramejapa, the <swrse of queen Suryyamatf was fully realized.
Afraid of the power of Kalasharfija, the king confined
bim
and in order
to kill
of
him, sent to
him
his
If
I
KINGS OF KiSHMfEA.
261
Kalasharaja
The proud
man
killed KalasharSja.
Thus
4s
oppressed
by tho
stole
king,
suffered additional
calamities.
The Vishas
out,
all
the stores
became
five
hundred
dfuuiiras,
for a dmriara,
salt,
dfnnSras; while
all.
assafoetida could
not be had at
Eivers were
swollen
-with
up
which
-were
water.
The
king,
indifferent to these
calamities,
The
treeB,
with
black bees
Advised
by the. Kayosthas, the king severely oppressed the surviving people everywhere ta cities
and
iu villages.
The
2G2
kings of KisnufnA.
The Damaras inhabiting Madava and Lohara were first attacked and murdered Even the Brahmanas who dwelt like birds in the neats.
Mandala to massacre them.
at Madava were not spared by
the
destroyer of the
fixed
One
wife of a Lavanya^was
and fed on
Some
of
fled to the
beef, otheis
The
lord
Mandala sent
many
garlands made
palace
was seen
filled
with
Dumara
Gold,
oloth,
and
DSmara
for the
heads.
of jackals,
made
at Yaleraka
to Lokapunya,
impaled
Damaras.
After
depepukted
They fought a
for
fieroe battle,
and
the. lord of
Mandala was
a time baffled.
But the
king, like a
kings of kAshmira.
263
men
was
that
bad works.
vices of
Eak-
Bhasas.
In
1
the meantime
lived
Now
Lakshrufdhara,
UohcaaU and
Sussala,
who might
felt
be kings
hereafter.
when
to
was afiaid to
kill
them.
And
kinsmen bear
Thak-
prostitute
consultation,
The
fact
In* the
'
2G4
Damaras.
KINGS OP KiSHMflU.
One
of tho Lavanyas,
tlie
named
Prasnastargja,
bis
king,
sent
younger
But the
elder Uohchala
r
kingof
dom
of Kahla,
Icing
Kalingjara.
exiles
None
understood
of
things,
became alarmed.
Uohchala.
pro-
he would murder
But when the son of Malla (Uchohala) went became afraid of, him, and
welcomed him and praised him. Even the enemy and the
envious wore led by fat to honor
to rise to fortune.
destined
The people
and helped'by
influential
greatly
many
presents to
Janaka, son of
aud
fear
Seeing so
many
messen-
king, and
"When Sanggramapala was on the point of placing camphor on the head of Uchohala as a pledge of not harming
KINGS OP KlSmtffiA.
him,
there
265
" You have not done what would please king Ilarsha,
TTchcliala.
Confine this
man
within the oastle of Rajagiri, and then the king will give
desire.;
and out
Uehchala
your hold) he
will ever
be thy friend."
Tb e king of the
spirited
man, but
I shall
sent Kalasharaja to
TJchchala, "
and when you become his friend, we shall march with you and your followers to destroy your enemies."
On
the next
day,
to
On
had
of the Khashas
Ou
hearing of his
But when
the battle
26
KINGS OF KlSHMfRA.
pre-
Disregarding the
and burning with anger, Uchchala There was none who entered the court of this king.
could
now
and
angry
warrior
in
the face.
Uohohala thus addressed to the king and his ministers " Formerly at Darvv6bhi:
named Nara of the Gotra of Bbaradvaja, who had a son named Nciravahana, and Naravahana had a son named Phulla. Pballa had a son named Sarthavahana, his son was Chandana, and Chandana had two sons, Gopala and Sinharaja,
Sinharaja
had several
to
of
children, his
Kshemagupta.
her
Didda made
Sanggramaraja
(son
She had
another
Jassarajo,
brother,
Jaasa-
Kalasharaja, and of
son
is
is
for the
And who
arms.
is
the friend
own
Fortunately the
ol
kings of Elsnaifiu..
kings or Kfishmfra" liavo ruled by their valor,
267
not by
now
see
my valor." When
battle followed
he had said
this,
One man
good omen.
NAKA.
Kinq op DXnvviBHia^RA.
Naravithana.
rhulU.
Sartha\iluana.
Cliandana,
I
GopiSln.
Kantirdja.
Jas-aiaja.
TTdayaraja.
Didrlci
married
SanpgramanJja (King of
Kifhhnilraj
to Kshemagupta, (King of
Kashmiri.)
Tanvangga.
Gungja.
I
Aninta (King
KX-hmira.)
of
Malla.
_
Uchchala.
Kalishardja, (King ol
SAihmlia.)
SuaJdla.
Hinbideva,
(King of
Kiialimfra.)
2(38
KINGS OF KASHllfBA.
Yattadeva and other DSrnaras
loft
left theic
Now
his
work at
i '
Sangvamapala and*
army aud
arrived
at Rajapurf,
assisted him.
He
took his
him
The
gateB of
the palace too were closed by the ' queens after he had
gone out.
others.
'
And when
the principal
men
of the place
inter-
became smaller.
He was
moon
the dark
reduced to
much
difficulty
on <.he day
fifth
of
fall"
'
in the
month
of Ohaitra, but
fearlossly
set
on the
out for
day
of
moon he
battle,
He
the kingdom.
He
led
intended
to
enter
through Bramar&jya.
grandson
of
Kshema,
*
whom
fled as
TJohchala moved
before hia
Bhield,
and
arrived at
to
fly.
army
He
Kashmira.
Some
of
ene-
KINGS OF KisnilfRA.
2G9
enemy was
fallen
so
unexpected, and as
he had
from the
He was
at a loss to think
how
to prevent
and
killing the
Lord of
Dandauayaka, who
But whether
he
it
was tbe
oT
the gods,
or bocause
enemy and
the king
and
others,
whom
had
sout,
enemy.
When
garland
carnation of Yishnu)
on
his
head,
as
if
crowubg him
left
Kaka and
'Vaidya
caste,
Hushka-
Hearing of his
approach, the
Damaras became
excited
and rebelled
They
killed Yasharaja
and pthyr
The Lord
of Mandala
head of
his
a long time bo
captured.
A'great battle
270
armies.
KINGS OF KiSHllflU.
f
On
of
effectou"
a rising at
Madam At the
all
came from
sides
by thousands,
from the oaves of the Himalayas -when the winter is The unfortunate king had under him Sahela the over.
great at
of Dvara.
He
ing
many
battles fled
from Madava.
him with
soldiern
lite
army.
Who can
that,
as
Though
loyal,
Lord of Mandala
his
remained
per-
wishing well of
king
for
honorable
sona, even
fidility
when
to
in extreme danger,
to their
masters.
lie
advised
immediately
enter the
town,
(capital
iuduoing
him
to
believe
that
he would not
have another
similar opportunity.
He
and
city
when
capital,
and
so there
would be a
diversion.
whenco
exit
was
all sides.
The Lord
at night
his
of
own men to
set fire
men refused to
If his body
KINGS OS KiSHJlfai.
had been as strong
*not
ess
271
his
he have effected
mind was vigorous, what would who did not care for his own life.
who is partial to the low, and makes heroes weak in body, while neuters receive full development.
Fie to Fate,
The hide
is
impeneis
who
braves battles,
The Lord
of Maudala sent
kill
mined
either* to
die.
The
royal
army
mid
crossed
the bridge.
The Lord
killed
who was
now
many
of
thorn.
When
within
Uchcbala'a
army was
One
broken, some
shelter
the Eajavihgra.
At GoariFlushed
be
crossed
the Vitasta
the Dfimaras.
272
KINGS
01?
EASHllfRA.
r
little success,
the king
and returned
to his capital.
Damaras,
notwithstanding
the pVudent
their
defeat.
In the
to
month of Jaishtha
re-assemble his
Uchohala determined
own
strength,
When
Pari-
it,
and
image of
Now
it
became dark
again.
The
became
pura.
king-,
now
little checked,
inflated.
Shura-
He was
by
brother.
and order to join his elder The king of Kalpa assisted him with a few horsemen, and it was long before he oould part from his
his father's
rebuke
benefactor,
and hence
his delay.
The
brothers,
who had
enemy,
hostility
to the
in order to deceive'the
KINGS OP EASHMIRA.
273
wealth
from the
battle-field
of Shurapura.
Thus
dis-
was
brilliant.
The king
regarded Uchchala
of Mandala, Fatta
who was
rapidly advan-
army
at Shurapura,
and many
The
survivors of
shelter
oity.
by Sussala.
and who
terrified
difficult
The king
too again
made Udayarija
of Uchohala and
ministers ventured
governorship of Eampana.
sigb,
" who
is there for
'Eampana.
man
acted as befitted
the
274
KINGS OF KiSHMfRA.
r
who
slept with
death.
ThuB he
hour
?
last
Drona was made by Duryodhana. He marched out, and drove the enemy from Padmapura. In the month of Bhadra, on the ninth
bright lunar day, the usurper of
Eampana
(the maternal
Chandraraja,
conquest.
his
in his march of
.this wise.
Leaving
army
by few
his
persons,
when he
was
by
enemy's ""cavalry
which
"Where do the
prosper
had sent to him, and thought that fortune waa yet in his favor, and hoped for victory. Fortune, when
draraja
tiro
On
date's
army were put to great trouble at Loham by untimely rain. The soldiers, oppressed by the cold wind,
and drowned in the
mud
left
and
killed
by Ganakaohandra
Harsha's
KINGS OS KiSmrfRA,
1
275
officers w<9re
Hy
sacrificing himself.
Trivtuos
high
are adorable
for
of
About
pura,
this
who had
bean,
to Hiranya-
there.
Harsha heard
ministers
who were with him to go to the hills of Lohara them, "There the subjects were submissive to with
you before, and
we
new
king,
and
may yourself
sers
urged
that faithful
men
if
and as
for
the throne,
it,
it
others sate on
of the low
seeing that
filled
it.
"Let
"say
The
ministers
who
maxims
of Kshetriyaa/'
Want
and
difference
among
ministers
and not enemies, were the foes that increased the danger of the kings. The idle who did aot super, intend his 'work, but relied on his servants, met
276
kings or kAshmIra.
man who trusted to The fool, blinded with vanity, who did not arm"
Even Indra in time might degeneis
enemy
to gain strength.
rate into
greatness of
strong and
whosejire-
another
is
He
Even tho rioh and well-to-do people were sometimes attacked by the poer, and %hoso dependent
j
on others
afraid of the
their powers?
there
was
difference
among the
if
ministers,
as in har-
by turns instead
country,
of
Though
<of
the resources
his
the
but depended on
his
life
hope,
enemy, though
and
his
kingdom.
He who
to' places
the
enemy
foe,
if
and
marched only
attacked by the
never conquered.
fall
Fortune might
be adverse, yet
warriors,
the king
iu battle, surroufided
fell
by
he won fame.
in the
furious
battle-field,
their pride
deserving of respect,
and
all
Kshe*
became
fearless as gamblers,
<
KINQ3
.
off
EAsnsifnA.
^77
The ministers wlib gave this advice were, however, "\tsked by Harsha to give other counsel ; on which they sighed and said to Ihe king, whose time of death was
drawing near,
TJtkarsha did,
befal you."
hiinself,
in the
hour of danger as
He
replied to
and
asked them to
danger.
When
master, they
as they
wept and
Suroly
the king
in
human
you
shape.
Though
you
the
may
ond
;
for
a yuga,
is
still
therefoio it
shame
for servants
to display
whoa success can bo achieved by the sacrifice of Even women enter firo thiulring of their lova ones body.
cowardioe
for their lords.
Who
for
his
master?
Thoso who,
liko actors,
make
shrines.
the' earth
lie
unhallowed, although
sees his
it
be full of
who
cow,
his wife*
taking service
fainting, his
when
want of
his-
food;
his
The king again said to these beasts form, I know what I should do, but
bewildered
as
in
human
miudia
my
No
X
ono
278
will
KINGS
01?
KiSHMfRA.
pros-"
alone
me
in Kali ynga.
Why
Mahendra
viz.,
grieves me,
through
like
my
is
wife,
will
be
of
From
this
now
that the
kingdom
it is
is
will aspire
to
it,
knowing that
attainable
by
coifepiraoy.
Those
Even
ends in
if it
Tho parade
of the
of wealth
that I made
for the
benefit
people will
is rising
stupidity.
will
Uchchala,
who
by
I
laugh at
my
good works.
fear, for I
am
me
calm through
sort
of
For I wish
it
to be said of
my own
people had not snatched the kingdom from me, "no one
else
it.
ing light
among
But
Muktapfda had
army
enemies over a
diffioult
way.
KINQ3 OF KAaHJtfBA.
with eight lacs
of Tiorse, determined
-was.
279
lo captures
him,
Muktapida's judgment
all
his plans,
and he
be done.
The
means of
esoape,
to be inevita-
who
aspire
after
Those
who understand
the
is
reduced
to
ashes,
is
When man is
remembered 6y
smell.
Btill
known by
When
is
life
name
who Tho
of tho renowned
praise him.
To
be famous
and power.
tion
;
the
enemy attempts
the lily from -which he himselfi was born, and he insults the mcftn through the Chandla (eclipse).
The cane that grows on the mountain and dings to the bamboo and Bets fire to the wood to maintain its dignity is degraded by kings, who place it in the hands of
door-keepers.
desires,
'
full
thy heart's
280
thy fame.
KINGS
01?
KlsnidBA.
f
Darir
tell"
and I shall
you to-morrow what more you will havo to do to avert the danger.' Thus saying the prime minister withdrew, and reached his own house. The king pretended to
havo that
disease,
restlessly
and
Perspiration, spasms,
jpoople
in
to
would
his
perished by cnteringjnto
The
minister.
did not say to the king what was to be done next (as ho
bad promised
to do.)
But
solf-saorifice,
Thus by
his
self-sacrifice
his deeds.
any
by
their
own
or
by
When king
him
to send
might not be
due ceremonies, the king, through the advice oftDaudan&yaka, caused him to return.
presence of mind,
danger.
all
were
"Wealth,
sub-
servient to
thunder,
and
In
KINGS OF KiSHMfBA.
his
dayt} of prosperity,
281
why
the
>king,
who was
superior to all in
wisdom and
valor, did
foolish,
infirm, inerfc
and
blind,
in
who were within the town, and whom he sent order to oppose the enemy. The king's servants,
Only
1
^fcwo
why should
Now, when
first
The
nephew
(brother's son)
Vaddamanggala.
him
to
Shvaah-
2S2
herself.
KINGS OP ElSHMiRi.
t
cruel
heart,
and was
like
creating
disaffection,
among the
fear.
king's
him without
the door.
by
saint-
man
king's confidence,
Malla
stop-brothers of Uchchala,
king, lived
summoned by
he issued out
He
issued out
&c, on
his forehead.
like
'
The
hair on his
head looked
a-
his
helmet his umbrella, his shield, and his stick his sword.
Some
the
of his servants
fell
in
scuffle before
he came out.
and Sajjuka
wounded,
but not
When
KHSTGS.
OB EiSHlrfaA,
283
lying
down
sharp arrows.
off,
in his pride,
who was
already dead.
?
What
Queen Kusumalekba, beloved of Malla, perished by fire that was kopt up in the house. The* young wives of Saklana and Rahla, named Aptasati
throwing herself in the
also
perished ia
Those conflagrations
and hot
tears
warmed
waters of tho
river.
Nrmda
(wife of Malla,)
kings,
and
her house the armies of her sons on tho north' and south,
*
and cursed the king that, within few days, her sons would
revenge the death of their father, even as Parashurania
did.
in the fire
the house
to>
bear
tt*
whom
herself
death.
The
Ho
284
KINGS 07 KASHilflU.
more.
Hallo,
was
killed
the month
their grief
of
heard of
it,
On
Chandraraja
set
out to meet Sussala, but was deserted by Patta aud DarshantipSla with their armieB ; but though desertGcf, he
fought gallantly for a long time with his small army in
Bpite of great odds.
favorites,
In this
battle,
two of the
fell.
king's
Chan-
drarSja,
fall of
and
also Hilled.
left
On
the
Chandraraja,
hopes of success
king Haraha.
When
entered the palace, and shut and bolted the doors after
them.
outside,
The
courtier
in the scuffle to
die,,
and Lakshmidhara,
was
panic-struck like
gave assurance of
the followers
dead
men
out to foreign
their shame.
But
after
kings op KismifBA.
r
285
repast over
fried
Sussala,*
tmoat,
their
the
country cooled oa
For
Jiisata,
Bon of the
raadhara,
Tantri chieftains,
Whfl<? these collected in the courtyard of god Vijayeehvara, Sussala went up, breaking through the gate, alouo
and sword
in hand,
in auger.
Tlioy .sub-
made
the god
witness of
his?
assurauco.
gold and
laid
silver Lilted swords, those royalisfj who hail down their arms, their bauds tied with ropes. lie placed them under the custody of the Duuitmw, and they
of Suvar-
TatU aud
Darsbanapala, who
Pattti then
went
man
to^o
into exile. to
And
whatever inten-
was
now
Now
kingdom
for
And
'
286
kings of eAshmIra.
each
powerful,
bo that there
In two or
order
to
burn
Kalasha built by
Sussala.
against
him
as
father,
men.
But now,
when
as his
men
tions
1
]
mon know politics, but mistake in its applicamany there are who are learned in the ShSstras,
All
for the
blamed
(sesamum orientale)
the perfumed
oil
The son should not he Though tila covered with rind, yet who discards
it.
The
prince
showed great
enemy.
ability
fighting
The wicked Pittha, son of Devefehvara, who hud been honored and promoted by the king, joined the enemy's
side.
him
You
will
knew my
KINGS Oi KiSHMfRA.
1
287
(hia father's
away.
i
3e
washed
in
""the
The king was not more grieved at the entire ruin which came upon him, than he was because he knew not before the loyalty
disaffection)
battle
in
which ho
fell.
man. Kings, puffed up \tith wealth and know not the hearts of men until it is too late to do anything far them than to lament their loss. The army of Sussala was defeated by prince Bhoja,
of this grateful
ignorance,
On
the other
his victory,
and sniFermg
father- in
a garden.
Ho
north side of the palace saying " the older son of Malla
has
arrived
prepare a bridge."
that
if
Daudnnfiyaka had
informed Uchchala
day, Sussala
in hastily,
and
DevarViyaka,
who was
N4ga,
for battle.
He
superior
army
and ho did not now fear to meet "Uchchala, Uehchara feared Naga, and had a smaller army, but Naga, when he approached him, took off his turban and
bowed to him.
told
did.
trust
him
after his
him
to retire to his
The
288
world, as country.
lie
KINGS OP KiSHMfBA,
ended bis
life
as
On
and among
mail.
his
The
The
own
purpose,
now
saw tbe
bridge.
on
the,
On
some
fire
a buudred doors.
As tbo
king's party
was unable
to
to
commit
by
of the bridge
men
drove
by
their arrows
m the
The
beast, struck
by arrows in
soldiers.
This unfoftuuate
cavalry and
among the
tbe royalists.
hundred doors.
seen
signs of
289
slipping
Lis
ilia
armour repeatedly
from
rest-
his
shoulders, and
as oftou replaced.
Through
the whip struck the horse aud made tho animal run, the reins fell from his hand, aud -were taken up and
lessness,
fell to h?s
ears,
which looked
hand.
"*
lips
fre-
betel,
and
lie
was
eyes,
whiofc
faoe
and made
it
pale.
He was
his
pile
to do.
near the
capital,
lire to this
after
On
kingdom was
lost,
and
ilec!.
He
rode
with the
With
five or six
horsemen
arriv-
on tbe^direotiou
in
had
dis
the king's
men attempted to break in into the rectangular building. The daughters of Shahi, believing that the enemies had
Y
290
arrived,
KINGS OF KASHMfBA.
and
set it
At
this
now on
fire.
In
doing
so,
some
died,
some endangered
before,
and heoame
of camhis
phor, considering
Some
took
them to be gold. Some Damara women thinking the pearls in which no holes had been made to bo rice, pounded them in mills. Fortune now left the kingdom. The beautiful and weliof varingated hues,
dressed females of the king were seen at every step to be
captured
Vasantalekha
aud
o> their
in
the flames.
of
summer
from the
tion of water, and often and often repeated the lfoe com-
fire
not quonohed
life."
till it
TTchohala, accompanied
'the capital,
KINGS OB KAsnirfEA."
1
291
-wished to die in
array, r3-crossed
i
the river.
The king
family,
battle,
every
moment by
by Dandanayaka at every
step.
Champaka
advised,
But
Champaka
to
follow
Bhojadeva.
bo
left
" You
will soon,
mo
away."
him with
rebelled,
my
orders now.
cannot
see anything
without
my
son,
so
when he
shall
embrace me.
Even
his
difference
minister."-
Tbus rebuked hj
master, Champaka,
abashed and with downcast face, set out after the prince*
Of
all,
big
fifty
in
who
were
left,
including
Not getting any himself,- when he crossed the river. news of the prince, he arrived in the evening at tha junction of the Yitasta and the Sindhu. The king sent
other faithful
his people,
men
in
deserted him.
202
KINGS of slsnufiu.
Dandanftyaka was
now
who was
fire,
the
who
had opposed the prince when ho was going to Lohara, and who, when the king was busy
in
some other
battle,
into
the
city.
Harsha, weak,*
to
to do.
all
As
breathes
through
to
any determination
from
tfce
several
advices
he
received.
When
offer advice,
it
is
The
chariot-
named
Troilokya,
who was
speaking to DaudanSyaka,
:
" On
by
side
with the
Ktvalry.
So
let
then
ou them we
enemy whose
army
scat-
army
But wnen he
his
consented to
tered itself
on
overtaken
by
rain.
The king
to defray
whom
Vitastfi,
When
these ensigns
KINGS OF KiSIIMfKA.
shorn gf
,
298
o
his soldiers
his
glories.
The number
diminished at every step ; and when he arrived at Akshapatala, there was none to attend him. Tho king felt
suspicious,
and
in the evening
him
'help
entrance.
The
false
friends
him
ter Kapila.
At that time Kapila was at Lohara, but hia him shelter, and aftorwards to send him by boat to the fort of Lohara. But the king
wife was willing to give
offer.
The
king's sons
who had
rebelled against
him as ho
who lend. The king now caruo know that he had done many things wrong by hearing
ilL
himself
spoken
of.
used to hide
in
many
Having
lost
hope
passed
wkh a
When
tho
deepened at every
time the
step, the
At
this
proud Rajpoots,
their dynasties
Anantspala and
otfters,
who counted
deserted him.
When
tho
from his horse, and Dandanyaka and the king's younger brother now deserted him. His younger brother left
him on
294
after
KINdS OT KASHMfHA.
paying a
visit.
forothor
something
an ornament, but not saktu (powdered oats). The king, whoBe life was nearly at its end, was shorn of his glories, and had oply one piece of oloth to wear, and had Prayaga for his only follower. One Mukta, cook
of Jelaka,
who was
a sorvant
of Champaka,
now came
te
woman from
a cavern
in a rock told them that the land before them was not
passable,
of water.
Prayaga
Jayapura
for
the boatmen, in
order to go to
them
Baid that .he would follow the king if the king would
come to
into
it.
intellect
to death.
Iu
this
Damaras went
help.
The
rainy
scasou
;
now
guilty of lebellion
KIN-88
OP
KiSHSlflJA.
205
sides, and he was without help and in fear of the enemy. For the interests of history, I must name those who should have been forgotten on oooount of their wicked
acts.
Within the
gods
are
some
they
revered
who were
named Someskvaraj
belonged to
There in the
insig-
generally
procurer.
known
as
life
of
The king was then near tho temple of Pratapaganrisb*, and was brought here by Mukta who
ft
men to
live.
Mukta
the way,
;
ning.
cottage led by
Mukta and
fatigue.
lie
was grieved as he
extricated
him
when he thought by
of the Daitya.
Mukta
entered
the cottage
door
not there.
foot;
When
bis right
bad
was-*
omen
The
cottage
room
barred,
206
KINGS OS KlSttMfttA,
1
besmeared
blanket
a muddy plaoe -which was prepared for sacrifice, and with mud, and covered with a servant's, His cares made him sleepless, though much
to-day?
"Who am I? Who has conquered me? Whore am I Who is my follower! What should now be done?"
Thus he thought and trembled every moment. "My kingdom is snatched away, my wives are burnt, iny'son
separated from me, myself alone and without friends,
Thus thinkiug
whose
On
While thus
travelling,
he
kingdom would be
if
enemy.
What
when
all.
But
fortune mars
servant NSge&hvara, to
for the journey.
empty temple where he was suspecting nothing; but he was rattacked by tbe
When
his
Kahetriya
Padma", son
fell
Krcms QF KiBHMfBA.
297
Surjjamati.
At night Uohohala entered the monastery of queen His brother, too, tirod of war, came from
Hearing that prince Bhoja was dead, and living, they felt as if a pale had beon
LaYanotsa.
left there.
Qn
the
the morning
the hermit,
who
entered the
full of gnats,
flo-sr
mat, ancTthe
at
the shameful
requested for
some beggarly
food.
sell,
aud sent
him
to
a shop
its proceeds.
At mid-day
on whoso
with
a.
female hermit,
The
king,
Oppressed by
grief, he, at
who lived in
whereupon she
it
told
him of th
lie,
death of Bhoja.
was a
but the
fallea i
He had
298
battle,
KINGS OF K^SIIMfBA,
their
death,
xuented as
lie
lie
was a&hamed to
whom
had died
by unson,
worthy means.
seemed
to
moan;
and to
seemed to cry
heavy dews.
weap
in
On
and asked the hermit foe The hermit went out and brought two plates
and curry.
He
said that
feast
he had
Btolerutliosa
religious
of a householder, on
!
seethe
on your dethronement."
The
fooll
Why do
He who
is
gone
is
gone
create '"loss to
;
other people.
AH seek
own
pleasure
is like
no one
the dbly
When
sets,
Who
sou.
jrom the
bub.
my
kotos
Qjf
eAshmiba.
299
who
my life, I sit here apparently at ease. V When the king had said so,
the hermit to prepare food.
The
what remained
of the
sheet,
previous
day,
he
would try.
as if grieved.
Men
digest
Amrita as
as
meroury.
Manoratha, the
to
friend
things.
know
of these
He tWptod
if
the hermit
and
said
that they
king to his
ser-
Manoratha
heard
man
whereabouts
Some say
of the
his
was the cause of the hermit and friend "going to Iltaraja.' If it be true, as many
Kayastha
caste,
acted
insults that he
ride
was
subsequently snbjeate'd
shoulder of a CuandSla
his
(making him
well deserved.
on the
who
all
and
other hand, Harsha, being excessively hungry, and being repeatedly asked by Pxayiga, thought of tak-
On the
Expecting
300
KINGS OF E^SmifllA.
arrive with food, 'they
birds
fre-
young
from the
nest.
They
made on
vile hermit
Mnkta who was armed. Leaving Mukta, the king opened the door, and fearlessly took up a light knife which was
nigh.
Oue
cruel warrior
encased in mail,
and sword
in hand,
courage.
his skill
spared his
life.
He
up oue end
of the
roof of tho
the
another,
the ground
The king was standing on tho body of the one who had first entered tho room, and for a moment looked like the goddess* on the lion. Thfe last battle
through
of the king was not attended with loud yel*a or war
.
The
noiselessly
Another person
and
entered the
arm ; and
having
on
Harsha twice
called
301
fell
name
of god Mahoshvara,
its
and
dead on the
king, but
stem.
He was a
like
at
moment.
Possibly,
to
war whioh
by the counsel of
was the
of his ministers
died in the
He
fifth
the
mouth
of Bhadra,
It was
by magic
caused the
extirpation
of his
own
line
and
kindred.
He
(
in the Cancer.
The low
un-Brahmanical
of a
thief,
their master as
and sent
to
his
enemy.
When
rained
They who
fixed -the
head on a
stick
and did
actions.
those
Tho beheading
ages'of gods,
country.
when
it
was sent to
it
him
burnt.
fie,
that the
body
302
rites
KINGS OP KiSHilfflA.
f
Deserted Dy his
servants, his
own
one
Gouraka, a wood-seller.
This long history of Ilarsha
is
Rami-
yaua or Mahavtaita.
Fortune
is
quences in the
end.
Still
is
clouded by
king had
Though the
lato
many women
in
the
zenana,
servants,
It
is
ent
worldly
affairs,
own
pleasures.
life
It
began,
''two
Between the
without head or
retires
legs,
who
and then
As
dwells on Sumaru,
splendour of
royalty
left
Here ends the seventh book of Bajataranggipi by Kahlaua, son of Champakaprabhu the great minister
of KSshmfra.
KINGS, OB KisnilfBA.
1
303
reigned
six
kings
of
the
line
of
Udayaraja.
APPENDIX
IfaMJ
dita'a
A.
Kahlana Pan-
we
the age of youando, the first king of Kashmfrft, mentioned in his book. In Kali Yuga, Gonanda and others reigned in Kfishline 48.
oaloulation, fixing
*
mira for
*
2,"268 years.
*4p.
this erronooua calculation (as given in line 48) being misled by the supposia*
60.
For, if the
51.
62.
63.
these kings reigned be added together, and the sum be deducted from the years of Kali Yuga which are past, there remains nothing. The Kuvns and the Pandavas lived when 653 years of Kali were past. Now the 24th year of the Laukika (current) era coincides with 1070 of Saka era. From the time when Gonanda livod 2,330 years are
past.
a
'
64
65^
The
fifty-two kings (whose history is a blank) reigned for 1,266 years. In Chitrashilthaudi it is said that to troVel from one star (Eiksha) to another, the Great Bear (Munis) takes a hundred years ; and historians have given * the following calculations.
,,
66,
When
Magna
with'
He
therefore reigned
era.
at 2,626th
He
1,266 "years,
making a total of 3,696 years, between the tune of Kfohmfra and Kahlana. But the first king,
Gkmanfla, lived in 653 of the Kali Ynga, henoo Kahlana lived in the year 4,249th of Kali. Again the author says, that he wrotehis book in the year 1070 of Saka era ; and we have just seen that Qonauda lived 3,596 years before Kahlana, hence we find that Gonanda reigned 2,520 years before the Saka era (as stated in lino 56). There prevailed a peouliar era in Kashmir^ called the Lauldka, or the current era, according to which, as
each century was completed, it was left out of calculation. "We have the author's statement that he was writing on Its 24th of this era. Deducting 24 from 3,596 we get 3,572 j^from the time of Gonanda), and this year was therefore the Close of a century of the Laukika era. Dividing it by 100 wo have 3572, i.o., Gonanda was reigning on the 72nd yea*' of the 86th century before the current Lauldka century in which the historian
wrote.
_
r~
'
above, it is easy tc fix dates according to the Christian era which is, roughly npoaking, 78 jdars before the Saka era. The following statemont of the times of Qouanda and Kahlana Pandita respectively, will shew tho dates at a
Kali.
Prom tho
Sala.
(Before.)
Laukika.
(Before.)
Christian Era,
B.C.
2,448
Qonanda
Kahlana
653
(After.)
2,526
*36-72
(After.)
A.
D.
4,249
1,070
1-24
1,148
APPENDIX
the Brahmana and
:
B.
his
Naga wife is thus Tee story of There was a tank in a garden which had clear and related sweet water, and in it lived a Naga, mimed Sushnv. Now a certain young Brahmana named Visikha, being weary of long travelling!, once rested in the shade of a tree beside the tank in the garden. And when he was relieved" of weariness by the pleasant air he fetched some water from the tank and was going to eat oat-flour when he heard the music of small b< Us, and saw two beautiful girls with sweet white eyes dressed in blue were
* Beckoning as 1 tho curront Laukika cantary in which Kahlana wrote.
fine lines
him. Their eyes were lined with o aollyriam, and i)ie gentle wind was moving lite banners the ends of their garments ovor their shoulders. The girls were eating some pulse. The Rrahruana stopped taking his meal out of shame, and was grieved to see creatures so beautiful taking such coarse food. iHe therefore invited them to what he had for meal, and brought them water from the tank, and expressed his lovo for them at the same time. And. when they had washed their faces and were seated, the Brahmana begauto fan them with the fan made of leaves, and said that it mii&P be in consequence of Rome virtuous actions done by him in timos past that he bad met them. With the curiosity of a Brahmana, he alsq asked them as to what race thoy graced by their birth, and how came they to be so hungry that they were eating such coarsa, food. One of tbem ropliodthat tliey wore the daughters of Naga Sushrava and that they saw no reason why they should noCcat coarse food when better food was wanting. "My name," continued bhe, "is Irdviuti, and my father intends to marry me to Vidyadharendr.1 ; and this is my youngest flwter named Chandvalekha." The Brahmana again asked them the reason of their poverty, to which tliey replied that he might put that question to their father, for he only knew the cause. "He will come," said they, "on the month of Jaishta on the twelvth dark lunar day, during the festival of Takshakaydtrd. ou will be able to know liini by lus crystal crown, and we Thus saying thoy went away. will also bo near him." NcfSr, when the festival approached, and the dancers and
issuing oot of the grove before
singers and spectators gathered, the Brahmana too wandered about there,di'awn by his curiosity, and recognized the father of the ihimsels by the signs they told him. The father too had been informed by his daughters about their meeting with the Brabinana, and now came forward to welcome him. In the course of oonver.-n.tion, the Drdhmana asked the Naga the reason of his poverty. " The proud and wise man who has the sense to distinguish right from wrong," replied the " Nag*, with a sigh, ewill rather prefer to hide his sorrow which good man cannot be remedied, than loudly complain of it. when he hears of th<=> misery of others) will be sorry if he cannot remove it. An ordinary man places much value on everything that he does, ami bnu'iifcs family ut every mlsfortuiio that he sufiers. He praises himaulf, and thinks himself wronged
IV
r
to bear any misfortune, and suggests > himself unfair means to get rid of it. He thinks that his miseries,, will last for ever, and grieves from the very bottom of his heart, and talks loudly of his griof and suffers eternally. Who oan know, however, the sorrow of those who are reserved, if their children and servant?) do not give them out ; but since mine has been betrayed to you by my girls, I will not hide it any longer. See if you oau do anything to alleviate it. Yonder you see a hermit under the tree, r who watohes the fields rich with harvest. It is through fear of him. that we have cannot eat anything of the new harvoa? befled. cause he eats notbing, so we are wellnigh starved. If you can do anything to dostroy his austeiity, and to make him eat of the new harvest, we know how to reward the service of him who does us a benefit." rje it so, said the Brahmana as be went away,, and began to think day and night " as to how ho could accomplish the task* Once when the hermit was sitting while his food was being cooked, tho Brahmana stole into the place and dropped some new rice into the cooking pot. And when ths food was ready the hermit ate it. Thus relieved of the religious prohibition, the N&ga greedily ato of the new fruits which he brought dowu from the trees by pelting at them, ami his misery was removed. Me then invited the Brahmana to his house, and f told his daughters to entertain the host and benefactor. After a few days had passed, the Brllhmana expressed his wish to return home asking at the same time his 'youngest, daughter, Chaudralekha, iu marriage as the favorite was promised. Though the parties ^yeve not ranrriageafe ( he being a Brahmana and she a Naga girl), the fathor consented, and also loaded him with riches. He returned to Narapura where he was passing his days in happiness and mutual affection whoa
when he has
We
'
APPENDIX
Sandhimati died impaled by tho orders of his master, and his corpse was thrown into the field where the dead wert>' burnt as has been stated in the text, The story of his revi-
'
ving is t% follows : His religious instructor named Ishana, though he was muster of his passions, was much afflioted to learn of Ms death, and went to that place to perform the last oeremoniea due to the remains of his pupil. Here he found the body fixed to the pale (pike), and reduced to skeleton, the wolves having devoured the fle&k j and the wind was passing through the hole in his head. Ishana began to weep as he disengaged the stick from the body; and driving back the howling wolves, he digged away the corpse from the place ; the hair of his late pupil oovered with dust touched his feet. But ffhnn he was going to perform the last oeremony, the following lines marked ou bis forehead by Vidb&ta' caught his " Poverty so long as he lives, ten years' imprisonment, eye death on a pale, and then kingdom a^am." Seeing that the first three lines had agreed with the fact, he became much anxious to know how tin fourth would como to pass. He "thought that FftSe was irresistible, and in spite of every oppoHe resition what was writ by Fate must come to happen. collected the history of king Paitha of Mauipura, who, when killed, was brought back to life by the daughter of a Naga 5 and Parikshita when burnt in his mother's womb by the arrow of Ashvatthamd, was revived by Eiishna. Who but Fate brought to life again Kaoha who was burnt by Daitya, and the Nagas who were devoured by Qariiila ? Saying all these to himself, he watched the skeleton in liope to see it revive again, Now, at midnight, while he was watching, his thoughts having drivai sleep away, he felt the smell of burning incense, and then he* heard the loud sound of drums. Soon after he saw Yoginii<coming that way with a burning light. They then got hold of the skeleton and ran away with it. Much, astonished he ran after them sword iu hand. He found them among the trees, seated around the skeleton, and repairing it. Each of tliem lent it a number of her own body, and having finished tKS whole, they negau to dance around it The corpse then rose as from a fcleep, and each of them began to caress him for which purpose they had brought him to #fe. When the night began to wane, Ishana feared that they would take back the members which they had supplied, and so he with a The Yogiww fled at the same yell rushed into their circle. time blading him not to fear, for they would not take back the members they had given, nor would they themselves be.
:
VI'
mutilated because of their gift ; and assuring him thSt through their blessings he would be king under the name of Aryyaraja Sandhimati clothed in heavenly robes and garlands, ana remembering tho facts before his death, bowed to his Guru. He, too, in excess of delight embraced him whom he never hoped to see alive ag.iin, Thy then, in wise conversation, began to discuss on the worthles>sness of the world. The oitizens
in the meantime having learnt what had happened came to the spot, both young and old, with tbe ministers of the Staje. They at first doubted the ideality of Sandhimati, but his speech dispelled thoir doubts. The Brahmanas then bathed lfte newly received heavenly body in the neighbouring grove, and he entered the city accompanied by his armyA r
APPENDIX
The
stories that are related of
D.
"
as
follow : One day when he was walking, he heard a cry neat him of " thief thief," and he also heard the voice of weeping. " Who is there, kill the thief," said the king in anger; after which the crying ceased, but he saw not the thief. Two or three days after when he went out to ride, some two or three beautiful women came to him for help. The kind-hearted king 1 stopped his " horse, and heard what they had to say. They made thoir obeisanoe and said : " merciful king ! Since thoe hast begun to reign, who shall fear the oppression of other men ? Ouce, when the sky ^as oovered with clouds, and the peasants were afraid of a bail storm and anxious to proteot their fields of ripened coru, they got angry with the $fagas who were our husbands and raised the cry of ' thief.' You hoas;i it and ordered that thy should be killed, and they were hound with ropes. Now have mercy on us and on them.'* The king smiled and ordered them to be released. The Nagas, thus freed, bowed, to the king and went away wifch their wives. p It is related that in an expedition which this king led against other*, he meditated when his soldiers were sleeping at ease under tbe Palm trees, how he could conquer the island before him. While thus thinking, he heard" a ory from the seaside forest exclaiming *" Even In the reign
1
'
Grieved to hear Meghayahana this man is killed." spot talcing with him an umthe king wont to tho he saw a hunter ohief killing a man brella j <md there Wore the temple of Ohandi. "Fie to your wicked act," said " you do not know what may betida the king to the hunter, afraid, and replied that his child rou." The hunter beoiime death, aud a heavenly voice had was lying on the point of proclaimed that if he saorificed tho man before the shrine would be saved. For a long time he offered of Chandi his child his child was dying, and his many no' sacrifice, and hence" the life of all. "You friendV.also would die, for the child was you not protect the child protect the helpless, and why do
of this
whose death many will lament." When the king heard the the suppliant look of the words of thtf> hunter "and looked on " Hear hunter, man who was boing sacrificed, he thus said your child and its many friends, as 1 shall protect botbyou and liere I offer myself a sacrifice bealso this friendless man. without fear, and lot them both live. fore the goddess, kill me Astonished at this great solf-sacrifice of the king, the hunter king, has got the better of your reason replied " your mercy, why should you disregard your valnablo life which should be saved at the cost of the three worlds ? Kings should not care friends or wives or sons for pride or fame or virtue or wealth or when their own lifo is in danger. Therefore have uo mercy on this man. If you live, your subjects as well as my son To this the king who was willing to offer himself will live." " "What do you know of justice, you a sacrifice thus replied who dwell in forests ; the inhabitants of the deserts know Do you, 0! fool, not the pleasure of bathing in the Ganges, oppose my attempt to buy immortal glory with this mortal bouy 1 Speak no more, if yon feel hesitation to strike mo, can1" Thus saying he drew bis not I do so with my own sword striking himself, his siffird, and when he was on the point of hand was stayed by a -'heavenly being, and his head was crowned with flowers. Auc? he saw not the goddess nor the divine pereonage hunter nor the victim nor the child. He said that introdeced himself Co the king as Varana.
1
!
captured the umbrella which stood over the king's head was by tho king's father-in-law named Itanmu from his city " Without the umbrella," said Varuna, "our in forfiier times. nuhjects are subjected t endless daugsis. Therefore, Wore
viiij
taking bnck this umbrella, I have tested your kindness, and magical show was my own creation." this The king then delivered the umbrella to Yaruna, and also offereu " even the kalpa tree was prayers to him, and auid that not equal to good beings, For the tree gave blessings when asked, while the good gave benefits unasked. If you had not asked the umbrella for the uenefit of your subjects, but had taken it for your own use, your act would not have been righteous. Charitable men do not favor their dependants by halves, a tree gives shade as well as fruits. Urged by my dependants I ask for some favor. With your favor-sThave , conquered the whole earth, now advise me how I can cross the ocean to the island." Then replied Varana that " if you wish, to cross the sea I will make its water hanf." The king acknowledged the favor when the god disappeared with the umbrella, On the next day, the king crossed the hardened sea, with his astonished army. r It is said that somo time after he had forbidden the killing of animals, a Brdhmaua took his dead son aud came to the king's door and began to weep. He said that as he had given no sacrifice to Dnrgd. who wanted Bome, his only son had died of fever that day. " If you do not save my son king by permitting the sacrifice of a living being I shall chief hold thee as the cause of the child's death. Say thou of men if thore is no difference between the life of a Brdhmaua mother earth I and that of -a beast. Those kings are dead, who killed even Bishis to aavo Brahmauas." When^he Brdh< vans, had said these and other harsh words through grief, the king thought that he had resolved not to kill animals, and asked himself if he should break his vow for the Brahman*. " But if he dies for me," he thought, " I shaP be guilty of greater sin, my mind is in doubt, nor can it choose either alternative, like the flower which falls in the whirl-pool where many currents meet. Therefore, by sacrificing myself, I, shall satisfy Durga, I shall save the life of the Brdhmaua and of sis son, as well as keep my promise." Thus determining he dismissed the Brahmana, promising to revive his son the next day. In the night, when the king was going to saonfloe him self, Durga prevented him from so doing, and brought the
! !
life
again.
.-
'
*>
APPENDIX
E.
The visit of Shiva to the king is thus narrated At Shri hill the prince met a follower of Shiva named Ashvap&ila, who gave him gome roots, &c, to eat and said that
in a former birth he (Ashvapada^'fcad attained perfection and had asked the priuoe what he wanted, and the prince had asked to have a kingdom. " And when I was thinking as V> how your desire C&uld be attained, Mahadeva said to me thaNyou were his favored follower, and that he would fulfil your desire? fl?hus saying, Mahadeva disappeared." Thcso words reminded the prince of his former life, and with a desire of getting the, kingdom, he worshipped Shiva for one year, after which period Shiva appeared to him in the form of a hermit, and promised hjfn to give whatever ho wanted. Tho prince wanted to he king of the world, " Wherefore do you ask," questioned the od in the form of a hermit, " temporary enjoyment instead of bdlvation." The priucc answorcd, " I asked you for tho kingdom believing you to ue a false hermit, for surely yon are not Shiva, tht gi eat guru of the world. For tho great give mora than what is asked of them, they will give milk if a thirsty man asks for water. You cannot know tho paiu which
'
Shiva beoamo glad, and I feel for not getting salvation." showed his real person to him and said that " in due course, when you will be reigning, Ashv.ipida by my orders will warn ynu of your salvation." When Shiva disappeared, the prince took leafe of Aslwap&la and came to Kaihmira, The deUtb of king Pravarosena is thus told By the wders of Shiva, Ashvppdda addressed one Jayanta, a KaahinirianBiahmana, saying " I hope you are not weary of travelling, show this letter to the king.'' But the Bidhmana stf-d that he was weary of travelling, and could not set out Whereupon, 'A.slivap&'la replied that he was a that day. hei mit oPthe class that Married human .skulls, and as he had touched him, he should bathe So saying he pushed the Bi uhrnana into a, pond. Rising-from the water, when Jayanta opened hia eyes, he saw himself iti his native countiy, and the weiv;uits of the king busy in fetching water from the river for the king to woraHp. Jayanta found oppoiturtity to put the billet hastily Now, when the king waa in one of the water-vesbels. % * bathing Shiva Pravareah'a, the letter dropped from the pot, he
:
1
it, and sent for Jayanta whom, he Sismissed satiiffied with royal presents. The oontcuts of the letter were as follow : t " You have done what should have beeu done, you have given
read
large
gifts, and enjoyed what should have been enjoyed, your years are on the decline, what moro shall you do ? Come to the house of Shiva." The king ascended the heaven piercing through the stony house and the people saw him going towards Kail&sa across the clear sky, like another sun. The king reached the court of Shiva in his hunvvn body. Even to thi? day may be seen the passage through which the king made, bis " exit iuto heaven. r Jayanta who got riches by this strange means, built a village inhabited by Brahinauas, and called ^t after h.is name.
APPENDIX
The
selection of the spot for the
:
F.
'
sel out in order to ascertain the best place and time to build his city. The stars were reflected on the jewels of hi3 crown, and looked like mustard kept for charming away evil spirits. Ho then saw on the banks of a liver the trees lighted up by the light of the burning dead and on the other side of the river he saw a gigantic Hakblia&a with hands uplifted and making a hedious yell. TJiie fiery glance of the Kakshasa fell on him which made him turn pale ;* while the being filled the air with yells, and laughing aluud, said " If you and Vikraniildifcya and Shudraka *oe excepted, king 1 fulfil your patience exists not in this earth. I will desire, so cross the bridge and come over to my side." So saying he stretched his leg and made a bridge of it over Seeing the bridge made of his limb, the king ,,drew out river. his knife, and having cut out sonft flesh he made something like steps. The place where he orossed is still called Kshurikav&la. "When the king had gone over to'the other side, the Edk.shaaa advised him to build the city where in the morning the king would see a thread spread by him, and then diaappeared. In the village of SMiitaka the seat of Yakshp' Atta and the goddess SharM, the king found the thread left by the
Bakauaaa.
APPENDIX &
is
Here
hi his former life was a dice-player ) ho lost everything in the play, and become indifferent to -worldly life. He then wished to commit suicide. Thus dice-players are never satisfied till they have lost everything, But then he fait a desire to see (he goddess Bhraniaravasinf who was in
The king
the
Vindhya hills, though the attempt might cost him his life, andtj Rot her blessing. For five yoyanas round the place
whore the goddess resided, the black bees used to sting those
the place inaccessible. But the 11 dice-player "thought light of the danger, for life ho thought waa transient. Ho first covered himself with mail, then with buffalo hirte, and then with clay and dung. The sun
dried up the cliiy, which gave him pain, and ho lookad like moving brick. Despairing of lifu ho loft the direct way and wont through deep dark caverns. The noise of the black bcea which deafened tho car, rose like the sound of death. Th that rose from the first layer of clay blinded their dust eyes, and though they stung, yet they could not oppose They rotirod for a time, but after the pilgrim had hira. proceeded three yoyanas, tho first layer of clay was all rubThen the bees fell on tho buffalo hide, and bed away. made a loud "ohata-ohabt" sound. When he had proceeded half ji yoyntismore, he knew by the " rana-ranii" sound that the bees" had fallen on lus iron mail. He then began to run fast, but the iron .cover was cut by the bees and fell off from his body, but still he did not lose patience. "When the house of the gdfldoss was yet two krnshas distant, he began to run djjving the black bees with his hands. Wlion he leached tier house, only bones ad small blood-vessels were left, his flesh being torn off; aud, his eyes were protected with his bauds. Then the bees ceased to sting, he looked round, and
The goddess almost dead at, the feet of the goddess. touched him with her hand and revived him, and renewed his body and made it good. Jle soon revived by tho touch of the heavenly hand and looked round, but saw not the awful figureVof the goddess seated on the liou that he had seen when he had* entered the room. But he saw a young woman
fell
xu
by the aide of a tank in the midst of a garden. Hor necklace was flowing over her swelling boaom, her small foot were dyed red, and her lipa were of the wune color. Her hair was*" blade, and moon-like was Iter fd.ee, and small was her waist.
Fiuding her so lovely and alone, he felt a passion for hor, and thought her to be an Apsavd. The girl then addressed him with kindness " you have sufiered weariuess in your way, 0! " My woarineas beautiful, rest yourself aud ask for blessing." is gone," replied he, " at your sight, and how can I ask you for " How you are mistaken, blessing, you are not the goddess." exclaimed she, " be I gmldess or not I can bestow favor onyou." When she promised that she would give him whatever he might ask for, ho disrespectfully asked permission to be familiar with her. " How ovil-minded you are^she exclcimed, " ask for any thing else, for I am the goddess Bhramaravasini.'' Even when he knew her to be the goddess, hisrariud would not bo calm, for who can oppose desires even \f> the next life. , He said that if she wished to redeem her promise, she must grant what he had asked fur, for he wished for nothing else, "Not the least part of that," continued he, " whioh is fixed by Be you goddess or be you the wife of fate is left undone. Shiva, be you hedious or lovely, I see in you the same being that I saw before." Hoeing him fixed in his determination, .she said that his desire would be fulfilled in his next birth. " Heavenly beings do not wish to cohabit with mortals, bo begone," sh said and disappeared. He then went to Praydga, and fell from the Vata tree ; his soul left his body, wijfhing in the last moment that the words of the goddess might be ful-* filled. He then became Randditya, and tho goddess became liauarambha in their next births, and they did ifot forget the history of their past births. n
APPEN
following story in iho text ;
D Jf
I
H-
The
is
On the day following, when the oeremony of invoking the divine spirit into the images was about to be commenced, an astrologer from a foreign country found fault with the images as they were filled with frogs and stones inside. And when
xm
to do, his goddess queen daughter of Himalaya was being -married to Shiva, Brahma who served as priest worshipped Vishnu. But since it was as useless to worship Vishnu alone as to worship Sakti without Lingo, ho made a Linga also. These images of Vishnu and Liuga were then taken from Brahma^ hy Havana aud were worshipped ai? Lankd, and were kept there for a long time. But after Havana's death, the monkeys took possession of thorn, and not knowing their value, threw them "" iiJto the lake Manasa. From that lake, I have caused them to be, taken out, and you shall see them to-morrow morning." She the)? went into her apartment, and through her invisible agents, oauscd them to be got out of the lake, and tho king to his great surprise saw them in the morning. Suddenly another image of Shiva, named Ranasvami, aroso from the oarth penetrating the ground, and then usoended to the heaven unSome say, however, that it was seen by all men. , perceived. In hnuor of this god, the quoen made tho holy Siddha versed in Ycdas porform many religious ccremomos. Before god Pradyumna, the king aud the queen raised two images of Shiva, named Kanarambhasvatni, and built a house for Shaivas.
1
what
APPENDIX
Once upon a time a Brihmana woman appeared in the court, aud, when asked by a Justice as to the reason of her coming, replied -to the king that her husband had been murdered, while the punisher of the wioked .^till reigned. It was a shame to a holy king that an untimely death should overtake his subject. * If you attribute it to Kali yuga," she continued, "M)ll you should not be indifferent to such a heinous crime, loo not remember that Eiy husband had quarrels with any one. He wfts neither envious, nor arrogant, nor avaricious, but of sweet words, and spoke with every one, nor did he bear malice to any." She -then said, that she suspected one Br&hmana who lived near Makbhika-jvaroi, who wa-j of the same age
with her husband, and way his fellow-student, though inferior ' The ignorant and to him jn learning , and who knew magic. the low," she said, "oppose out of envy the doings of the lie who frequents not "great, in order to dim their reputation.
1
XIV
the house of prostitutes is uol a bad character, he who injures not others, does not remain ia constant fear, he who dalles not much, spenketh no lie, he who is not a K&yastha, is not uu- grateful, he who is not born in the house of a bountiful man, is not avarioious, he who is not envious is not ever unhappy, ho who is not henpecked is not laughed at, he who is not old, speaks not politely, he whois not illegitimate, doos not blame hi* father, he who is not in love ia not banhful, he who is not half-educated is not vicious. This is the tiue saying." When she had said thus, tho king ordered the suspected .Brahmaisa to bo brought and to be examined by oriloal. Whereupon, the Brahmana woman again said " O king he knows mftgiC, and oau remain uudor water, so that examination by ordoal will "How can we aoy replied the king, houseless for lum. " against law, wlion the ei ime is not proved, punishment cannot be awarded to any ouu, far less to a Brahmana, who, even when guilty, cannot be killod." Wut the Hrahmaua woman * said that she hail taken food for four nigutC, and had not followed her husband to the other world, only to have that criminal puni.xhud ; aud if lie was not puuishud, she would
!
1
'
"When the Brahmana woman remained without food, the king also remained in the same state, trusting on the god Tribhuvanasvfiuii. Wheu tureo nights were thus passed, at about dawn, tho king learnt the truth from Tribhuvauasvami in a dream. " You should not," said the god, " thus seek for divine revelation in Kali yuga, for who can biing the sun in the middle of the night i Dut only ou oaoouiitT of youii. virtues, you will be favoieil with the revelation* for once. Scatter in the yard of my toinple the powdered (Just of shall grain, and let eveiy one go round over it, aud then you will he able tp know the murderer by his foot-marks wnich will he like those of the Br&hiiiaua-sUyer, aud he should <b$ punished. Do this during night, for k. the day time the suu
eliminates sins." The king, accordingly, found out "the oriminal aud punished hitn, though he did not kill him for he was a Brahmana. When the man was punished, the woman blessed the king, and said that of all kings he and Kartavlryya"alone
had punished
.
offenders for sins doue in secret. who can live -without feeliug for
you
lave or
'
XV
APPENDIX
t
slighted
s
The king was greater than Indra, his orders were not even by gods. Once, for instance, when he was enciunpiug with his army on the shores of tho Eastern Sea (Bay of Bengal), he ordered for a Kapittha fruit, and his men knew not whence to bring it. But a being from heaven bi ought the thing to him. The king accopted the present and made a sign to his sentinel lo ask who he was. The person replied Shut he was the gardener of Indra, and bad been scut by his master, and that bo had some messnge to deliver in private. The 'Sentinel, accordingly, removed other men from the king's presence. lie then said that Indra had sent him a menage which, though harsh, was intended for his good, and
which he would have the goodness to forgive. " Hear, king ' continued the messenger of Iudra, " why even in Kali yuga, your words ha?fe been qbeyed by gods. Iu your previous life, you wore employed by a rich villager to till his grounds.
!
day, you were driving your bullocks iu a wood where there was no water, and in the evening, when you were tired with the day's work, somo one brought to you cake and water from your master's houso. But when, after washing your hands and feet, you were going to eat, you saw a Brahmaua dying of hunger. He forbade you to eat, since he was dying of starvation ; and, though the man who brought to you your food advised you not to give it to the Brahmaua, yet you gladly gave him half of the cake and water, sweetening your , offer with kind words. And for that timely gift the gods undertook to obey one hundred of your orders. It is for this that rivers gf pure water hare flowed at your bidding in the sandy desert. Though the gift Be small, yet, when given in good spirit and with kind words, and to a deserving person, is ^jfloro beneficial than Ealpa tree. But with indiscretion you have wellnigh spent the stock of one hundred orders, and there are-ouly^a few remaining. Being a man, why have you lost your discretion like an ordinary king I How can the fruit that grows in Kixhinfra iu the rainy season be had in winter in toe shores of the Eastern Sea ? That the gods obey you. wherever you may be, is owing to the gift you made in your former life. Now, in the East, Indra obeys you with " reluctance, you having come nearly to the end of your stock
One suinraor
wW
XVI
of orders. Do not give such orders unless in emergency, for there are only a few remaining which will be obeyea." The Icing became astonished to learn the valuo of gifts, and to ob-. tuiu such benefits again, he caused a permanent asylum for
the poor to be built at, Parihasapura ; and to this asylum he presented one lac and one plates with food. And for the same reason, he also caused a city* to be constructed in a barren place, that thirsty men might find water there.
APPENDIX
The following is the story told of the mysteriouS jewels ; Changkuna used to augment gold in the king's treasury by In Paugchanada at Uio confluence*" of the rivers magic, the king was once detained with his army rbeirig unable to cross over, and consulted with his minister as to the means of crossing. At this time Changkuna threw a jewel into the deep river, whioh divided the waters into two parts, and when the king and his army had crossed tko river to the other side, the magician drew out his talisman by another jewel, aud the waters flowed as before. Astonishod at this, the king Changkuna praised him and asked for those two jewels. smiled and said that they were fit for himself but were unworthy of th king. A. good thing is admired when among common things aud not when it is with other good ("things. The moon-stone which perspires in the moonlight is At to be seen at the sea-shore and not when it is under the sea (its
"
moisture being then lost in the sea water). The King smiled and asked what hotter jewels he possessed. "Give meethose," he continued, " in exchange of what you think to be more pre*, " This is a great cious, or of whatever I have in my treasury." boon," said Changkuna* " oblige me by grring what I desire, the statue of Buddha which you brough* on elephant from Magadha. Take the jewels that will carry thee safe through the B waters, and give me that which will carry me safe through this world." The king mode the exchange.
XV11
APPENDIX
The discovery
L.
One day tlio king saw in a vision a heavenly person who told him " I am Mohapadma, king of the Nagas. I am happy in your friecdaliip and live in yojir kingdom, and now I come to ask you for protection. A charmer from Dravira wants to
capture me and sell me to the people of a. desert where they age hankering after waijer. If you can proteot me from him, I shall show you a hill where gold can be found." The king hearchtljese words iu dream, and caused the charmer to be brought and asked him his purpose, assuring him at the same time of his safety. The charmer confessed to all that the king had Beard in* his dream, whereupon the king wondered, and again asked him as to how he could take out the serpent from the lake Which expended over several yojanas. king " repliedthe charmer, " the powers of magic are beyond thought, and if you want to see it, come quickly." Tho king thou followed him to tho lake which the magician dried up by his arrow discharged with spells. The king then saw in the
Mm
"0
'
mud, surrounded by numerous other serpents, a snake having the face of man, and a span in length. " I have shortened him by my spells," said the charmer, " and I oapturc him now." But the kiug forbade him to capture the king of the snakes. The magician obeyed the kiug, and made the lake full of water as it was before. The king dismissed the Uravarian .with gifts of money, and wondered the serpent did not show him. the promised hill where gold was to be found. When he ijhought thus, the serpent appeared to him in a dream, and asked him, 'Tor what benefit shall I show you the goldai mount { It is through the chance of birth that nue country is our native land, and another foreign, there is no real difference between them. For fear of humiliation I asked y^nr pi otectiou,'' but you subjected me to that humiliation. What is more nuuiiliating than to be insulted bejbre those whom I protect i How shall 1 see the faces of my females who found me unable to save them from the power of another 1 You and myself are born of the same source, but for your pastime we were insulted. Those who are blind4 with their prosperity and heedless in their action, think that they have done great favors in whatever they
XVl^j
who
Kings deem it but play to insult other", but thoso aro insulted, think themselves as rload as long as they breathe. Kings slight the honor of other people when it comesin contact with their interest, but great men try to preservo How can they undertheir honor even at the sacrifice of life. stand what houor is, who in&ult the proud. Still however your expectations from me will urt be altogether disappointed, for I shall show you the hill ^liere therp is copper ore." Thou he nave such directions in dream tis u<ibloit tho king, when he rose in tho morning, to discover the hill frith copper ore.
do.
XIX
List
of Kings of Kdshm'ira.
Kali.
M a
(Before)
Loukika.*
B.C.
Period o
reign.
IJpOK
I
...
Y. M. D.
Gctaandal
658 2526
28 2443
"
DamoAra I
Yasovati
Gonauda
II
...
...
,
i
_,'?,
'...
.
1226f
Ashoka
Jnloka
Damodara
Hushka,
nMitca
II
...
Juslika,
and Ka.
Abhiuiati'yu
.t
I...
* In .ApiJdiidix A wo c.ilcuUtcd the Loukika em by fixing the centnry which Knhl.m.i wrote .w the first But wo find It more convenient to make OSZ century in which Gouiind* reigned as the first. According to tills calculation the rulKii of (iuii.imU >j[;in on the 2Sfh yiwr of the cuntiuy, in which be reigrtid, <rt v hat we now till tlie first century. fc*ir we know that Kahhtna wrote the work 3,5116 yam uf jr the commencement of Gunfmdii's reign, and that this was the lltth year of anew tcntury. This century, therefore, must have bejnin 3,572- yuara .liter the nirumoiieonjurit of Cuninrtit'a reifm. Therefore our first I-uukika century mubt iuvd commenced 23 rciHtiofora the commencement of Oon.ind:i's reign ; or Ounanda reigned on the L'Sth year of tho first century, which we rt'prt'ent in tlie fciblu thllb. I 2>i. t These are trom Gmund.1 1 to AMiioi.uiyn, 52 kings, whow aceounts were lout, bat uf whom Kahlimcv could find the names of all except 35.
in
|
=1
Kali.
Si
Loukika.
B.C.
Period o
reiga,
(lie-
fore]
Gonanda
Indi.rjita
III
...
Vibhishana I
...
XIII
XIV
'XIV
Havana
2013 1136 2078 1101 2118 1061 2178 1001 TJtpaKMia ... 2208 971 lliranydkaha ... ... 2248 933 Hiranyakula alius Vaaukula... 2306 873 Mukula 2366 813 Mihvrakula ... 2438 lit Vaka 2199 680 Kshitiuanda ... 2520 650 Vasunandtt ... 2581 698 Kara II 2841 638 Aksha 2701 478 GopSditja 2761 418 Gokarna
[36,6
Kara
XV XV XV
XVI
XVI
,
XVII' XVII
XVIII
XIX XIX
XX XX
XXI XXI
XXII
18 1068 S6* 6 53 1023 89 9 93 083 60 53 923 80 6 83 893 37 7 21 855 60 795 60 41 735 70 11 865 63 13 74 602 so 4 572 52 2 56 520 60 10 460 60 76 400.60 6 36 34067 11
'
Naraiidraditya
alias
KLingkbHa...
Yudliistliira I...
XXII
XXIII
Boor II
i
Tangjinal
...
2934 245 2966 213 2993 181 3034 145 3042 137 3079
XXIV
XXIV ,XXIV
r
<
<
XXV XXV
XXV
(J
OT
100
54
22 47 -0
tout
* The period of the reiga of Yudhiatbira I is not mentioned in the text, the (wove fiipire has toeea obtained by subtracting the total period or (torn the total period of reigns of all the Mng
XXI
Kali.
4 CO
(Effort)
Loukika.
A.D.
Period of
reign.
Y. M. D.
Book III
Magliavifliaiia
...
...
3126
53
XXVI
25 34
Tungji-
nall
(
m
...
3160
19
Aftor
XXVI
XXVI XXVI
XXVII XXVII
85 65 96
1
2
9 3 1
4
60 21
61
alias
3307 128
XXVII
.
82 95 95 37
206 13
219 300 519 42 561 37 4
BaiiaYlitya I alias
xxvn XXX
XXXI
Book
IV
3699
Pratd
Durklihavardliana
520
XXXI
XXXII
It 598 36
10 60 69 73
S
DuiWLLaka
piidityall ditya
alias
...
556
006 615 619 655
f
...
...
TitiiJiira
Lalitaditya I
24
7 11
15
KuvaUyitpira
10 7 17 7*1 4 21 745
|
7
,
81'
745 81
xxn
Kali.
A
(After)
Loukika.
A.t).
Poiiod o
leigu.
lalitaplra
3877
alias
698
XXXIII
xx'xni
Y. M. D. 52 776 12
61 '788
71
7
Sangntmapira
II Prithivyapira II Chippatajayapira
Viilisspati
...
3S80 710
alias
?
o
Ajitdplra
Anaupgapirn
Utpalapira
...
XXXIII
XXX
Book
V
3956 3984 4003 4006 4006 4007 4022 1023 4034 4035 4036
., j
Avari tivttrmmd
777 805 824 826 826 828 843 844 855 856 867
fl 69 78 80
XXXIV
XXXV XXXV
m
->
9
11 11
10
6
1
XXXV
XXXV
XXXV XXXV
-
935
935
Shambkubardhaua
Chakravarmiad
time)
(
3rd
5
...
Unmattavanli
Suravarmma
II
13 937 2 15 939
Book
VI
...
YaAaskara
Varnata
4040 4049
861
870
XXXV XXXV
15 939 9 24 01S
*?.
we
* According to our calculation, the reign of Ajltipiro would fell in the year XXXIII.SS; but as It is mentioned inthetextthathexeisnedia 89, adopt it There la thui a difference of only 6 years. Calculation according to other one has been similarly modined.
XXI 11
<C_
Kali.
-a
Loukika.
A.D.
Period of
reign.
(Af-J
ter)
Sanggrama
...
...
EbimaguiiU Diddd
JjOK
...
...
897 902
6 24 04S 24 948 6 26, 950 8 341 BBS 13 10 48' 072 1 1 49 973 2 fil 075 6 60 080 23
1
14
VII
'
S.iTifigramiraja
alias
Kfllumapati
IT&riiaja
XXXV
XXXVI XXXVI
XXXVI XXXVI X^XVI
KaU410<*
Utb.usha
Uarslia
(died)
...
391063 26
65 1089 65'iiSO 11 77 11U1
4 22 8 13
*""
XXX VI
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