You are on page 1of 22

PROJECT UDAY Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement in Madhya Pradesh

The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.

Primary objective of the project is to provide urban

infrastructure and strengthen capacities.

Components
Urban water supply; sewerage and sanitation ; storm water

drainage and solid waste management


Community participation through AIF/CIF activities along-with

UN Habitat as a contributor to these activities.


Project

implementation assistance through Project Management Unit, Project Implementation Units and Municipal Corporations

Outputs: Urban Water Supply and environmental improvement


Community-based

environmental management improvement

protection

and

Capacities for livelihood security development

Strategies: Community mobilization


Public participation in construction and maintenance of

community toilets, water supply tanks


Community-led

community representation)

governance and group committees

vigilance (e.g. with womens

Issues
Access to Basic Services
Basic services such as potable safe drinking water,

proper sanitation, electricity, primary education and health essential for improving the quality of life
Despite heavy investments,

a large population in the country continues to remain deprived of essential services

Slums rarely connected to city infrastructure


Rapid urbanization is straining existing infrastructure

Project Focus Community Managed Water Supply Scheme (CMWSS)


Community driven program to provide for adequate safe drinking water as per the needs and affordability, especially in areas where urban local bodies do not have any plan to provide piped water supply in the near future Aimed at quickly improving the lives of the urban poor and other disadvantaged groups like women by providing them safe drinking water

Gender mainstreaming strategies


Gender Action Plan included as a loan covenant Womens participation and decision - making Equitable access to basic resources Womenled participatory municipal action plan for poverty reduction

Genderfocused activities developed based on evidence gathered from needs assessment

undertaken (evidencebased programming) Community based water and sanitation systems demonstrated in most vulnerable slums

Key Features-GAP

Gender awareness workshops Project awareness, water management & hygiene education with specific targeting of women. Engaging female laborers and ensure equal wages for equal value of work Capacity Building of municipal bodies and community for participatory planning Initiatives under community initiative fund

Summary of key GAP Results


65 Community Group Committees (CGCs) formed and

participate actively in the construction, maintenance and vigilance of community toilets and other civic amenities
Women become behavioral change agents and influence

households to promote improved sanitation, hygiene and health seeking behaviors


Piped water supply in homes reduce the work burdens of

women and adolescent girls


Womens participation in livelihood security development is

enhanced and resulted in increased income for women headed and poor households

Total Population(2011) Urban population Rural Population urban decadal growth Rural decadal growth

24.60 Lacs 14.38 Lacs 10.21 Lacs 17.2 10.6

Case Study Location: Ramnagra, Jabalpur

Genesis
Policy decision to undertake Area Improvement Fund (AIF) & Community Initiative Fund (CIF) program: May 2007 Preliminary visit for potential slum selection: June 2007 Meeting with local municipal corporators and visit to slums: July 2007 Policy decision to form the CGCs involving 100% women members: August 2007 FGDs and WATSAN needs assessment exercise: October 2007

Genesis (contd.)
Partnership with UNH-WAI & MOU signed: 2007 Engagement of ACT and Kshitij (NGOs): 2007. Baseline survey: 2008. Engineering design, estimate DPR approval, Water resistivity: 2008.

CGC Registration and Bank account opened: 2008.


Bore-well installation completed: 2008.

Capacity building training and demonstration for CGCs by NGOs: 2008-

09.
CMWSS & IHHT schemes prepared in consultation with CGC: 2009. Formal approval of DPR prepared by DSC, NIT, Bid opening, MOU

signed with JMC, award of contract and work started: 2009

Before
WATER: Total households: 217 HH with own water supply: 8 Balance: depend on the scanty piped water supply service system/raw untreated water (200 yards away) Rocky soil pattern: difficult, costly bore well installation Sanitation: Total households: 217 HH with permanent Toilets: 33 HH with temporary Toilets: 11 Open defecation: acute scarcity of water

Gender related issues


Responsible for fetching water Time, fatigue, Cost of storing Girl child school dropout Poor health and hygiene Loss of income generation opportunities Open defecation-timing Eve teasing Womens safety and privacy

Womens participation, decisionmaking and Leadership


All women CGC formed consisting of 14 members Lane wise Micro planning initiated

Contributed Rs. 200 as annual membership fees


Each CGC member encouraged to enroll all households in their

respective lanes and also motivate them to act as change agents and collect annual member fees from each household Initially 86 women members enrolled

Key Strategies
Partnerships formed with public and private players

(municipal bodies, UN Habitat, local NGOs, and community based organizations) to promote the concept of women led committees and grassroots governance Capacity building and women led CGC strengthening though NGO Annual membership fees collected by CGC and deposited in CGC own bank account in the first year; Collection of water users fees and creation of corpus fund for repair and maintenance Formulation of community based (and women led) tender evaluation process/committee, involving CGC members

After
Beneficiary households Water supply to 172 households, Individual Household toilet constructed in 120 households
Each beneficiary household contributed Rs. 1500 for water connection Rs. 80 towards monthly water charges provided to the CGC @ 6412 rupees (per unit fund support from project for sanitary toilet, i.e. 90% of cost) reimbursed to beneficiary bank account

Pro-poor connection charges

Material and labor cost for construction borne by beneficiaries

the

toilet

Rate of water supply

Water provided as per norms of 70 lpcd

After (Contd.)
Day to day running Phase: Collection of connection & monthly user charges Paying monthly electricity bill Operation and maintenance of the system Conducting monthly meetings for social audit Time for water collection chores reduced Womens time for other activities like income generation activities increased Reported incidences in the reduction of water borne diseases Reduced school drop outs (especially amongst girls) Greater sense of ownership Communities mobilized for other govt schemes

Challenges
Lack of understanding womens needs by service

providers Inappropriate times of water supply Inappropriate location, planning, public toilets in slums Negligible participation Examples of self help Willingness to contribute Lack of institutional capacities in urban local bodies for implementing gender focused community based interventions

Lessons
Financial security arrangements to be ensured for

sustainability of community based systems Government leadership ensures long term benefits Comprehensive community based interventions should address both: Practical needs: water, sanitation Strategic gender needs: livelihood security, participation, decisionmaking, leadership, health Capacity building takes time and can demonstrate results over a relatively greater time frame

CGC sharing books of accounts

UADD Minister, Commissioner & Mayor JMC discussing with CGC

You might also like