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Express your answer in terms of the EMF . ANSWER: Part B The voltmeter, as can be seen in the figure, is connected to points 1 and 3. What are the respective voltages between points 1 and 2 and between points 2 and 3? ANSWER: = EMF
Part C What is the reading of the ammeter? Express your answer in terms of and ANSWER: = EMF/R .
To make things more interesting, we now assume that the battery has a nonzero internal resistance (the voltmeter and the ammeter remain ideal).
Part D What is the reading of the ammeter now? Express your answer in terms of , ANSWER: Part E What is the reading of the voltmeter now? Hint E.1 Hint not displayed = EMF/(R+R_int) , and .
, and
= EMF*R/(R+R_int)
Now assume that the ammeter has nonzero resistance internal resistance. Part F Compared to their values when
voltmeter change when ? Hint F.1 How to approach this part Hint not displayed ANSWER: The ammeter reading would increase; the voltmeter reading would stay the same. The ammeter reading would decrease; the voltmeter reading would stay the same. The ammeter reading would decrease; the voltmeter reading would increase. The ammeter reading would increase; the voltmeter reading would increase.
Part G What is the new reading of the ammeter? Express your answer in terms of , ANSWER: , , and .
= EMF/(R+R_A+R_int)
Now assume that the ammeter again has zero resistance, but the resistance of the voltmeter is less than infinity. The battery still has nonzero internal resistance. Part H
voltmeter change when is some large but finite value? Hint H.1 Consider the voltmeter first Observe that , where is the current flowing through the battery. What
happens to the current when the resistance of the voltmeter drops? Hint H.2 The change in the battery current When the resistance of the voltmeter drops below infinity, it becomes possible for current to flow both through the voltmeter and through the resistor. The overall resistance of the circuit therefore drops, and the current through the battery increases. How would that affect the reading of the voltmeter? Hint H.3 The reading of the ammeter The ammeter reading is related simply to the voltmeter reading. The current through the ammeter is given by , where is the voltage between points 1 and 3, which is exactly the voltage that the voltmeter reads. ANSWER: The voltmeter reading would stay the same; the ammeter reading would increase. The voltmeter reading would stay the same; the ammeter reading would decrease. The voltmeter reading would decrease; the ammeter reading would decrease. The voltmeter reading would increase; the ammeter reading would increase.
Suppose now that the piece of ideal wire between points 1 and 2 is removed and replaced by a nonideal wire with a nonzero resistance. Part I How would this change affect the readings of the ammeter and the voltmeter? Hint I.1 Hint not displayed ANSWER: The ammeter reading would stay the same; the voltmeter reading would stay the same. The ammeter reading would decrease; the voltmeter reading would decrease. The ammeter reading would increase; the voltmeter reading would decrease. The ammeter reading would decrease; the voltmeter reading would
increase. The ammeter reading would increase; the voltmeter reading would increase. The ammeter reading would stay the same; the voltmeter reading would increase. [ Print ] 2: 0.1270
3: [ Problem View ]
Part A Rank the brightness of the five bulbs (A through E) from brightest to dimmest. (The more current flowing through a bulb, the brighter it will be.) Hint A.1 Comparing bulb A to bulb B Hint not displayed Hint A.2 Comparing bulb D to bulb E Hint not displayed Hint A.3 Comparing bulb C to bulb D or E Hint not displayed
Hint A.4 Comparing bulb C to bulb A or B Hint not displayed List the bulbs in order from brightest to dimmest. Between each pair of bulbs, use the symbol > to indicate that the left-hand bulb is brighter than the right-hand bulb, or = to indicate that the bulbs have the same brightness. For example, "B=C=E>A>D" means that bulbs B, C, and E all have the same brightness, and that they are brighter than bulb A, which in turn is brighter than bulb D. ANSWER: C>A=B>D=E C>A=B>E=D C>B=A>D=E C>B=A>E=D
Part B What happens to bulb A? Hint B.1 How to approach this part How does the resistance of bulb C alone compare with the resistance of bulb C in parallel with bulbs D and E? How does this affect the resistance and current in the circuit as a whole (as compared to before)? ANSWER: It gets dimmer. It gets brighter. Its brightness stays the same.
Part C What is the current now flowing in bulb C? , the resistance of a single
Express your answer in terms of the applied voltage and bulb. ANSWER: Part D What happens to bulb C? Part D.1 Current in bulb C earlier The total resistance of the earlier circuit was What is the current flowing in bulb C? . , where = (2*EMF)/(3*R)
Express your answer in terms of and ANSWER: Answer not displayed ANSWER:
This is why appliances in your home are connected only in parallel. Otherwise, turning some on or off would cause the current in others to change, which could damage them (typically in the case of an overload) or prevent them from functioning (if the current is too low). [ Print ] 4. [ Problem View ]
Part A In which direction does the current in circuit A flow? Hint A.1 Conventions Remember that the conventional current flows from a positive to a negative terminal. ANSWER: Part B What is the current through the resistor of resistance Hint B.1 Hint not displayed Hint B.2 Hint not displayed Express the current in terms of , ANSWER: Part C , and . in circuit A? clockwisecounterclockwise
2*EMF/(2*R_1+R_2) = 2*E/(2*R_1+R_2)
Calculate the current through the resistor of resistance Hint C.1 Which rule to use Hint not displayed Part C.2 What is the emf for loop 1?
for circuit B.
The diagram shows the circuit divided into two loops: branch, is the current in the branch below it, while
branch, which contains . Find an expression for the emf using the voltage drops across the two resistors in loop 1. Express your answer in terms of ANSWER: , , , and .
= I_3*R_2+I_1*R_1
Part C.3 What is the emf for loop 2? Part not displayed Part C.4 Application of Kirchhoff's junction rule (current rule) You should now have two equations involving all the variables in the circuit diagram. To solve for , you need a relationship between and . Choose the correct relation by applying Kirchhoff's junction rule to one of the junctions. Recall that Kirchhoff's junction rule states that the algebraic sum of all the currents into a junction is zero:
ANSWER:
Now solve the three equations you have obtained for the currents in each branch to obtain an expression for ( ). To do this, you could either add the two and from the other equations equations other than the one above, or substitute for into this one. Express your answer in terms of , ANSWER: Part D What is the power dissipated by the resistor of resistance , , and Hint D.1 What formula to use ? Hint not displayed Calculate the power to two significant figures. ANSWER: Part E For what ratio of and would power dissipated by the resistor of resistance same for circuit A and circuit B? Hint E.1 Hint not displayed Hint E.2 Hint not displayed ANSWER: Part F Under which of the following conditions would power dissipated by the resistance circuit A be bigger than that of circuit B? Hint F.1 How to think about the problem in = 1.00 be the
-2 = 6.4010
, and
2*EMF/(2*R_2+R_1) = 2*E/(2*R_2+R_1)
Hint not displayed Some answer choices overlap; choose the most restrictive answer. ANSWER:
[ Print ]
5. zero emf clockwise top plate zero =C*EMF =EMF^2*C =C*EMF*(1-exp(-t/(R*C))) =EMF/R*exp(-t/(R*C)) =9.21*tau =5.53010-2 =q_0*exp(-t/(R*C)) =-q_0/(R*C)*exp(-t/(R*C)) 6. =(epsilon_0*r^2/d*(K-1)*V)/DeltaT