Progress Report

Capacity Enhancement Programme on Fly Ash Utilisation (2006-07)

Submitted to

Director ENVIS Secretariat Ministry of Environment & Forests Paryavaran Bhawan, New Delhi

CBRI ENVIS Centre Clay Products Division

Central Building Research Institute Roorkee -247 667

April 2007

Index
Page No. 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Objectives Scope of work Duration Preamble: Generation vis--vis Utilisation of Fly ash Salient Features of the Website 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6.0 Creation of website on Flyash General Features of the Website Structure / Design and layout Integration Links Operation and management of the website 5 1 1 1 1 2

Progress made during 2006-07 6.1 6.2 New Items on Flyash Database Online database Offline database Newsletter published by ENVISCBRI Centre Database of Flyash experts

6.3 6.4 7.0

Annual Action plan for 2007 08

1.0 Objective(s) To collect and disseminate information on flyash utilisation in the country 2.0 Scope of work Collection of information on flyash Creation of website on flyash Compilation of news items on flyash Database creation on flyash Periodical NEWSLETTER publication Establish linkage with users

3.0 Duration: Jan. 2003 to March 2007 (phase I) April 2007 - continue 4.0 Preamble: Generation vis--vis Utilisation of Fly ash Fly ash, a residue of pulverized / powdered coal or lignite combustion in thermal power stations, is a fine material generally grey in colour and alkaline in nature. The generation of fly ash was about 40 million tonne per year during 1993-94 and the utilisation of fly ash at that time was just around 3% (about 1 million tonne per year), which has currently gone up to 110 million tones per year against the approximate utilisation of nearly 3540%. The annual generation of fly ash is further expected to increase to about 170 million tonne by the year 2012 and to about 225 million tonne by the year 2017. The multiple application areas of fly ash utilisation, which have been developed/ established over a period of last 2-3 decades has revealed that there is large potential for fly ash utilisation in the country. Continual efforts by R&D institutions, academia, industry, Government Departments / Ministries etc., generated a lot of data / information, created awareness all across the country and helped to build confidence among the

user agencies. Various technologies of safe disposal and gainful utilisation have been developed and established. Fly ash can be gainfully utilized in cement manufacture, road & embankments, agriculture, brick manufacturing, dyke raising etc. (Fig. 1). Generally, all types of fly ashes can be used in one way or other. However, there is a need to develop an interface between the avenues of fly ash utilization and the fly ash available at the thermal power stations and also to create awareness amongst the user agencies.
Agriculture 46% Cement Manufacture 16% Low Lying Area Fill Roads & Embankments Brick Manufacturing 5% 3%1% 4% 2% 2% 21% Dyke Raising Minefills Agriculture Others

Fig. 1 5.0 Salient features of the website In order to enhance the utilisation of fly ash, The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has identified Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) to collate and disseminate information relevant to fly ash generation and utilisation in the country. As a result, CBRI ENVIS Centre was established in the year 2003 and a website was launched from the Centre in the year 2004. Brief details of the site are as follows: 5.1 General Features Date of website launch : April 2004

Registration with search engines: Yahoo.com, Entireweb.com, Searchit.com

Browser compatibility 5.2 Structure / Design and layout

: Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator

A frame based structure (Fig. 2) has been developed, in which left frame is used to navigate the website so as the user could traverse the whole web without using the standard buttons, which make user to navigate the whole part easily instead of coming back to access the other part of the web.

www.cbrienvis.nic.in on subject area fly ash

5.3 Integration Integration deals with the proper working of the individual program modules as a unit. There are various modules as shown in the form of menu bars. Proper working of these modules as a single unit is the integrity of the website which has been maintained for easy working for the users.

5.4 Links Interlinking with other ENVIS Centres and ENVIS Resources Unit at MoEF has been provided by merely clicking on the links. Also, the linkages to the URL and E-mail of respective Centers have been provided which can be opened up in a through a new window. Apart from these, links to the other websites / organizations dealing with the subject area Fly ash has also been provided. 5.5 Website operation and management The developed web has been worked out on Internet Explorer, which is one of the Microsoft components and is workable on most of the operating systems. Adequate failsafe operations, backup, recovery provisions etc. have been taken care. The website is routinely updated on weekly basis. Meta tagging of the web pages has also been accomplished. 5.6 Accessibility of the website Primarily, information in regard to flyash generation vis--vis its utilization in the country along with its properties, prospects of utilization in building sector, road/embankments, R&D organization working in the area of flyash is being offered. A total number of more than 12000 hits have been observed by March 2007 (Fig. 3).
3000 2500 2000 Number of Hits 1500 1000 500 0 I II III IV Year I II III IV 850 1300 1700 1450 1200 1900 1700 1900

2005 -06

2006-07

Fig. 3 5.7 Other features Photo Gallery, Discussion forum, Archives of Publications, online and offline databases, query answer service, upcoming programmes, feedback form are the other distinct features of the website. 6.0 Progress made during 2006-07 Information on subject area- Flyash is being disseminated through Newsletters, e-mails, surface mails, Workshops / Training Programmes, Seminar and interaction with user groups.

6.1 New Items on Flyash News items pertaining to subject area flyash were brought out in ENVIS News letter The Built Environ published electronically on quarterly basis by the CBRI ENVIS Centre. 6.2 Dissemination of information on flyash Training cum-demonstration programmes on the utilisation of flyash in brick manufacturing was undertaken in a big way during 2006-07. Twenty one such programmes were organized in Maharashtra State at Parli, Bhusaval, Akola, Nashik, Koradi, Khaperkheda, Chandrapur areas with help of Maharashtra State Power generation Corporation (MAHAGENCO) and Flyash Utilisation Programme (FAUP). A large number of brick kiln owners, local administration officials, pollution control board officials etc. participated in the training programmes conducted during the past 2 years or so at various locations in the Maharashtra state. Brick kiln owners were encouraged to use flyash in brick making and they were elaborated the advantages of using flyash in brick making. Information regarding the training programmes was covered by local media in a big way. A glimpse of photographs is shown below (Figs 4-6).

Fig 4: Collection of Flyash from Ash Pond

Fig 5: Drying mixing of Fly ash with soil for brick making

Fig 6 : Training programme on Flyash clay bricks making at Bhusaval (Maharashtra) on Jan 20, 2007

Another training programme on the utilisation of fly ash brick making was organized at Guna (M.P.) during March 29-30, 2007. An extensive visit brick kiln sites operating in different clusters within 50 Kms. from Guna undertaken, followed by one day training programme at M/s programme (Figs 7 & 8). Sharma Int Udyog, Bajranggarh, Guna. Around 20-25 Kiln owners participated in the training

Fig 7: Brick Industry Meet on Flyash clay bricks making at Guna (M.P.) on March 29-30, 2007

Fig 8 : Discussions during brick Industry Meet on Flyash clay bricks making at Guna (M.P.) on March 29-30, 2007 6.3 Database 6.3.1 Online database CBRI-ENVIS collected and compiled abstracts / articles mainly from the published information in the subject area of flyash. A large number of research papers which have been presented in the International and National Conferences / Seminars / Workshops have also been included in the Database. The database includes bibliographic information from the year 1980 onwards covering over records at present. Over 50 national and international journals were scanned and the database was updated periodically. The CBRI-ENVIS database on flyash broadly deals with all major relevant issues with special mention of flyash generation, utilisation, disposal and management, physio-chemical, mineralogy, morphological properties, environmental aspects, leaching behaviour, toxic

constituents, engineering behaviour, environmental laws and Govt. notification etc. both in broad national and international perspectives. The search is available online on the basis of Author, Title and Year of the Abstract incorporated in the database. 6.3.2 Offline database Bibliographical database on subject area flyash for the block years 1985-90, 1991-95, 1996-2000 & 20012005, have been developed. Thereafter bi-annual abstracting of databases covering the following aspects of subject area Flyash is in progress: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Properties & Characterisation Building Sector Ceramics Agriculture Environmental Aspects and Miscellanoeous etc.

of flyash is being brought out. 6.4 Database of Experts A comprehensive list of eminent experts working on the subject area Flyash in India has been complied compiled in Online as well as Offline form covering the following areas: I. Flyash Management, Statutes & Policy Aspects II. Environmental handling & Transportation III. Building Materials & components (Bricks, Cement, Concrete, composites etc.) IV. Civil Engineering & Construction V. Agriculture and VI. Miscellaneous,

aspects of flyash, with online search facility within the database available on the basis of Name, Organisation and subject of Expert. 7.0 Annual Action plan for the year 2007 -08 i. Literature survey and updation of information on subject area flyash ii. iv. Database generation on flyash utilization in diverse sectors Website maintenance on flyash iii. Providing information to the actual users by the CBRI ENVIS Centre v. Monthly compilation of News items on flyash vi. To establish linkage with information users, carriers and providers from Govt. academia, business, NGOs etc. within and outside the country. vii. To organize training cum-demonstration programmes on flyash utilisation in building sector.

(Dr. L. P. Singh) Co-PI

(Dr. J.M. Bhatnagar) ENVIS Coordinator & PI