ICN210S

Assignment 1
Student Name: Yi-Kai,Hsiao Student No.:201031736 Bachelor of Engineering (Electronics & telecommunications)

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A computer network is a collection of independent computers, softwares and hardwares interconnected by cables or wireless. A switch is a device that joins multiple devices together within one network. It increase the number of collision domains and reduce the size of the collision domains which called segmentation A hub contain multiple ports and its used to connect Ethernet cables that come from independent devices together which allow each device to communicate with each other. A router is a device that connected to at least two networks. It forward data packets to its destination by determining which network should be send to. A server is a physical computer that designed to serve its clients(work station). It will process the request from the client and send the information required back to client. There are different type of server like print server, mail server, database server etc.

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NIC stand for Network Interface Card is a computer hardware that allows computer to connect to a network through cables. Modem is a device that connects the computer and telephone line and converts the computer digital information to an analogue signals that can be transmitted and convert the analogue signals back to the digital information. Ethernet is a computer architecture that used in local area network that consist specified protocol, devices and connection method. A straight-through cable is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable where the pins on one side are wired to the same pins on the other side. Its use for connecting two different type of network device.

10. A crossover cable is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable in which the wires
on the cable are crossed over so that the receive signal pins on the one end are connected to the transmit signal pins on the other end. Its is use for connecting the same type of network device.

11. Rollover cable also called Cisco consol cable. The pin-outs on one end are reversed from the pin-outs on the other end. It is a cable that connects a computer to console port of a network router.

12. A Local area network is a network contain a group of computers and devices that connected together in a small area like home or office.

13. A metropolitan area network is a computer network that connects several LAN within a bigger area than LAN like city or large campus.

14. A personal area network is a computer network formed by the personal digital devices that connected together.

15. A wide area network is a computer network connects several small networks which cover a large geographical area like city or country.

16. A virtual private network is a secure network that created over a public network like internet or some private network to provide remote access to offices or campus resources.

17. An interconnected system of networks like computer networks. 18. An intranet is a connection of computer networks in a local area (organization) with restricted access that uses internet protocol technology.

19. Peer-to-peer network is a computer network contains two or more workstations and sharing resources directly between each workstation in the network.

20. The client server network has a central server that use to store file and run server tasks and computers that connected to the server and initiate requests for server called client.

21. Physical topology is the physical layout of the computers and peripheral and cabling.

Example of star topology 22. Logical topology refers to the logical path that the data passes through the network from one device to the next device or the signals use to transmit through the network from one device to the next device. 23. A mesh topology is a network where each computers and network devices has point to point connection to every devices on the network.

24. A network protocol is a set of rules and conventions that govern the communication between devices on the network. 25. A network operating system is the software that runs on a server and enhances a basic operating system by enabling the server to manage data, users, applications and other network function. 26. Media access control(MAC) address is also known as hardware address and it is a unique identifier that uniquely identifies each node of a network. E.g 00 A0 C9 14 C8 29.

27. An internet protocol(IP) address is a numeric address that assigned to each devices in a network that use the internet protocol. An example of ip address look like this 192.168.0.2. 28. A private ip-address is the address that reserved by network information centre(NIC) so they can be used on private TCP/IP LAN. IP-addresses in the following ranges are private ip-address. From 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 and from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255. 29. A public ip-address is an unique ip address that valid and falls outside private ip address and it is publicly registered with the network information centre(NIC). 30. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol refers to network communication where TCP convert a message or file into smaller packet that are transmitted over the internet and received by a TCP that converts the packets back to its original message or file and IP make sure every packets is delivered to the correct destination. 31. OSI stands for open system interconnect reference model is developed by international standards organization (ISO) which described how application or message from one point can be transferred to the other point in a telecommunication network. OSI reference model contain 7 layers shown in the diagram.

32. Reference model can be used as a reference for different purposes and its

normally in a diagram form that describes a complete set of some kind and 33. 34. demonstrate how the components of the set is relating to one another. Collision domain is a network segment where signals or data packets can collide when they were sent at the same time by the devices in the same network. A broadcast domain is a network segment where any devices can transmit data packets to all the devices in the same network without going through any routing device. Network applications are programme that allow the same data files be opened by more than one user at the same time. E.g. email programmes. Broadcast is when a message is transmitted from one point to all other points.

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37. Unicast is when a message is transmitted from one point to another.

38. Multicast is when a message is transmitted from one point to a set of other points.

39. Default gateway is a routing device that forward network data from a local network to other network like internet. 40. Half-duplex means that a system is able to send and receive information, but

only one-way at a time.

41. Full-duplex means that a system is able to send and receive information at same time.

42. A network host is a computer connected to a computer network and it can be accessed by the other computers on the network and provide them some information resources, services and applications. 43. A network node is an addressable device that connected to a computer network and is capable of sending and receiving information. 44. An access point is a station that transmits and receives data and it connect devices to other devices in the same network. 45. An ad-hoc wireless network is a network that allows wireless devices to communicate with other ad-hoc network devices in link range.

46. FDDI stands for fiber distributed data inter face and it is a set of ANSI protocols for sending data on fiber optics lines in a local area network. 47. Token ring network is a local area network that has a free token(sequence of bits) flowing and a node can only send a data packet when the token is at the node and the data packet will be placed on the token for it to be able to transmit to the other devices.

48. Bandwidth is the data transmission rate in bts/second. 49. Throughput is the amount of data that can be transferred in a specified time. 50. A subnet or subnetwork is a portion of a large network that represents a specific number of host on an individual LAN. 51. Subnetting is the process of modifying a single large IP network to create two or more network by changing the subnet mask. 52. A subnet mask is like a up address that contains 4 bytes which define a range of IP addresses that can be use in a network. Subnetting can be achieved by changing the subnet mask.