Depth principles: Interposition Inter position, or overlap as it is also called, occurs when one object partially blocks or covers

s another, and the partially blocked object is percieved to be further away. This building is partially blocking another, making us see that it is further away. Accommodation Accommodation involcves the automatic adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus an object in response to changes in how far away the object is. The building is far away and n=the eye needs to adjust to see the distanced object. Texture gradient Texture gradient refers to the gradual reduction of detail that occurs in a surface as it recedes into the distance, compared with a surface that is close and percieved in fine detail. Everything from the pillars on the building loses detail as it stretches a long way ahead. Gestalt principles: Figure ground orginisation when we use figure ground, we organise visual information by perceptually dividing a visual scene into a figure, which stands out from the ground, which is its surroundings. Our eyes percieve this building as standing out from its architecture. Closure closure refers to the perceptual tendancy to mentally close up, fill or ignore gaps in a visual image and to percieve objects as complete (as a whole). Both of these objects look like skyscrapers/tall buildings in our minds. Proximity the principle of proximity is the tendancy to percieve parts of a visual image which are positioned close together as belonging together in a group. The lights on this building are grouped together in our minds as a line.

Depth Principle: Interposition

Depth principle: Accommodation Gestalt principle: Closure

Gestalt principle: Figure ground organisation

Perceptual constancies: Brightness consistency

Perceptual constancy: Shape constancy

Gestalt principle: Proximity

Depth principle: Texture gradient Perceptual constancy: Size constancy

Perceptual constancies: Brightness constancy brightness constancy is the tendacy to percieve an object as maintaining its level of brightness in relation to its surroundings, despite changes in the amount of light being reflected from the object to the retina. The light on the top of this building does not change if it is day time or night time, it is always consistantly bright. Shape constancy Shape constanncy is the tendancy to percieve and object as maintaining its shape despite any change of the shape in the image of the object on the retina. This building keeps it shape. Size constancy Size constancy involves recognising that an object s actual size remains the same, even though the size of the image it casts on each retina changes. The lines down the footpath/road look smaller as they progress into the distance, however we know that these lines stay the same size apart in reality.