Smartening the Worlds Cities -A Smart System of Smart Systems Approach Dr.

Lawrence Jones
Vice President Regulatory Affairs, Policy & Industry Relations Alstom Grid, USA

Smart Cities for All Worskhop The World Bank March 5 - 6, 2012 Washington, DC

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The World @ Night in 2012

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Will Smarter Cities Illuminate the World and Fuel Sustainable Development by 2035?

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Lawrence Jones, April 26, 2006

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How Many Things are Judged Impossible Before They Actually Happen
Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, VII

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The Smart City: A System-of-Systems (SoS)

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The Smart Challenge

How to integrate the basic abilities of awareness and reaction into a device, system or system-of-systems with minimum cost and complexity, in order to achieve predefined functionality and performance goals?

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Smart Cities and the Evolution of Critical Infrastructures Evolution

Rates of Change* Energy/ Water Transportation
Technology Business

Social Political

ICT Time

Industry S-Curves Analysis

Formation Growth Maturity Decline

Time (Yrs)

Probability of Near-Simultaneous Tipping Points

Illustration originally adopted from Unleashing the Killer App. Larry Downes, C. Mui 20000. Note : The Political Trajectory was 2011 modified 8 ALSTOM later

Builiding Critical Infrastructure & the Cone of Uncertainty

Scenarios

2012 Key Factors

Energy policy (not long term) Economic policies Stakeholders diverse set of objectives Customer behavior Regulatory (siting, permiting, etc) Technology adoption Governance
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2030 Key Factors

Population demographics(aging workforce, insufficient qualified worforce) Resource constraints (energy, water, food, raw materials) Energy security & independence Human Capacity Globalization trade agreements

Pathways to Smart Cities

Path A

Smart Cities

What, When, How

Path B

Path C

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Smart City Integrated System of Smart Critical Infrastructures

Three Dimensions of Integration

Operational Physical

Physical
Components, equipment, devices, controls, sensors etc are operated networks, subnetworks, as grids or microgrids, or distributed How smart cities are connected to the grid

Informational

Operational
Considers the system conditions and performance goals Also includes operational requirements and guidelines

Informational
How information is managed and used by assets

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Smarter Electricity Grids Key Component of Smart Cities

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Abilities of Critical Infrastructures and Smart Cities

- Availability - Configurability - Controllability - Dispatchability - Flexibility - Interoperability - Maintainability - Predictability - Probability - Reliability - Securability - Stability - Sustainability - Variability - Vulnerability - Reachability

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Key Electricity Smart Grid Functions in Smart City Demonstration

Control Room IT
iDMS Micro Gird DERMP DERMS Situational Awareness WAMS / PDC Virtual Power Plant Smart Dispatch Urban Power

DC fast car charging AC car charging HVDC breakers Smart Port energy

Substation Merging Units Condition Monitoring IEDs Smart Digital Substation Wide Area Protection & Control

Grid Power Electronics

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Substation Automation

Alstom Grid is involved in several advanced demonstration of smarter electric grids for smart cities

UK Digital SS prototype with NGT UK

France 2 projects awarded (Reflexe, Greenlys) 2 in negotiation (Nicegrid, Smart Campus) 2 new proposals under preparation

Northern America 1 project just completed (PJM) 6 awarded (Southern, PNWL, Duke, PG&E, ISO NE, MISO, WECC,) Micro Grid Demonstration (Duke)

Europe 1 project just completed (Fenix) 2 awarded (Twenties, Green e motion) 2 ongoing (Ecogrid, Grid4U) 3 new proposals under preparation

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Wide Area Monitoring Systems

Focus on real Business Benefits
2006 Iceland: PSS tuning, Generator commissioning

1995 Scottish Power: first installation, constraint relief 2007 UK consortium: Renewable connection 2009 Energinet.dk: WAMS / EMS integration (4800 phasors)

2010 Mexico: Stability of international interconnection

2009 Colombia: Frequency stability, governor tuning

2000 Powerlink: Synchronising Queensland / New South Wales & constraint relief

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Smart Grids Portfolio Evolution: partnership strategy

External Growth > Partnership

Channels to Market Software & technology

Portfolio completion Integration of end-users solutions

Strategic customers
Alstom Smart Grid Customer summit

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Performance Metrics - Critical Elements of a Smart Grid Business Case

How to determine if one electric grid is smarter than another?
It depends on what performance goals have been promised and to whom, how soon are

the benefits expected, and who pays Agree on the goals, the metrics, and the allocation of benefits, costs and risk,

Do we need a universal smart grid performance metric to do benchmarking of levels of maturity?

Smart City Maturity Model (SCMM)

How to do benefit-cost/investment analysis to determine ROI and make tradeoffs between different smart grid/cities technologies?

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Optimization with Evergreen Solutions

Evergreen is a business, technology and service concept aimed at retaining and extending the value of a legacy investment through migration to new technology platforms.
Existing grid assets must be enhanced to harness ICT and perform more efficiently, meeting new and emerging requirements and standards. Evolutionary process bridging the gap from now into the future means we will have a grid in a hybrid state of old and new assets. Must have view of total system to make optimized decisions.

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Proactively Manage the Expectations of All Stakeholders

Be Realistic When Describing the Potential Benefits of Smart Cities to Stakeholders

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Smart Cities Development - Always Expect and Plan for the Unexpected

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Lawrence Jones Alstom Grid 1 (202) 534 1079 lawrence.jones@alstom.com

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