Department of Electrical Engineering

17.2.2010

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FAULT DETECTION AND LOCATION IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Post-Graduate Course (4 cr) Lecturer: Charles Kim, Associate Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Howard University, Washington DC, USA.

Dates and Location: 1st June 3rd June, 2010 everyday from 9 am to 4.30 pm At Aalto University School of Science and Technology, Otaniemi, Otakaari 5 I, Espoo Finland Lecture Room: I 346 Exam of the course will be on 14th June 2010 from 9 to 12 noon Enrolment to Terhi Arvela before 27th May 2010 by e-mail: terhi.arvela(at)tkk.fi Course Description: Fault location and restoration scheduling are the essential functions of outage management to secure higher service reliability and reduced outage time in distribution networks. The accurate fault location and fast restoration of power in distribution systems, however, is still a challenging problem. This course focuses on clear understanding of fault location methods, conventional and state-of-the-art, and on practical application and further development of the methods. The course first reviews the fundamental principle of faulted power system and its analysis on which the location methods are based. Second, upon the foundation of the principle, the details of fault location algorithms are discussed spanning from impedance equation to reactance algorithm to traveling wave method. Third, a newly developed sub-cycle fault location method, which solves the problem of conventional fault location methods that requires steady-state post-fault magnitude and phasor information, is discussed along with its implementation method and practical experience with real data. The next subject covers a combined approach of locating distribution faults, in an outage management system, integrating the conventional and sub-cycle fault detection methods, utility communication infrastructure, and the intelligent devices running on the infrastructure. Last, the anticipation and detection of intermittent fault, in line with Smart Grids self-healing feature, is discussed with the introduction of the most recent development that utilizes power line carrier traffic over power line and the disturbed errors causally made in the carrier signal by such fault. Altogether, this fault location course would give the audience of post-graduate students and utility engineers a strong background in fault analysis and an exposure to new technology and current trend of fault location and detection. In addition, the course would open the door of new research topics and development opportunities for performance improvement and new solution generation in, particularly, sub-cycle fault location and intermittent fault location via carrier systems. Course Objectives: The objective of the course is to provide a strong background in the analysis of faulted power systems and, based upon the foundation, to guide to the fault detection and location in power distribution systems through the detailed instruction on conventional fault location algorithms as well as new subcycle fault location and intermittent fault detection approaches. In addition, the course intends to introduce a new way of achieving the fault location integrated with utility communication infrastructure to achieve the self-healing feature of the Smart Grid concept.

AALTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Department of Electrical Engineering

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Course Outcomes: 1. Understanding of faulted power system and its analysis 2. Understanding and application of fault location algorithms 3. Understanding of fundamental concepts of sub-cycle fault location 4. Exposure to emerging technology of distribution fault location and outage management 5. Exposure to the features of Smart Grid and carrier based intermittent fault detection method as an enabling technology for self-healing Course Contents: II. Fault Location Methods Fault location basics Impedance equation in distance relaying and residual compensation Impedance/Reactance approach and Takagi method Differential equation approach Transient arrival time and traveling wave method Matlab/MathCad/ATP coding and testing of reactance algorithm using actual data III. Sub-Cycle Fault Location Problems of the conventional fault location methods Challenge with less than 2 cycle transitory fault location Sub-cycle transient analysis Distance to fault formula Capacitor connection dependency Fault type dependency Matlab/MathCad/ATP coding and testing of sub-cycle algorithm using actual data Research topics and improvement opportunities IV. Distribution Fault Location using Utility Communication Infrastructure Emerging digital approach of distribution fault location Complex network nature of distribution system Combination of reactance, sub-cycle, and intermittent fault detection/location Utilization of digital/communication systems, intelligent devices, and fault indicators Smart meter and its other uses Integration to OMS/DMS V. Fault Anticipation and Self-Healing Smart Grid features Requirement of advanced sensing monitoring and reporting line conditions Self-healing feature and incipient fault detection and location Problems and challenges Conventional methods Carrier signal-based intermittent fault detection method Research topics and opportunities

AALTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Department of Electrical Engineering

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Biography Charles Kim, associate professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Howard
University(2008-present) received the B.Sc. degree in 1980, in Electrical Engineering at Seoul National University, in Seoul in South Korea and M.Sc. degree in 1982, also In Electrical Engineering at Seoul National University. Thesis title was Magnetic Field Effect on the Positive Column of Fluorescent Lamp. The Ph.D. degrees he received in Electrical Engineering at Texas A&M University, Collage Station, TX, in December 1989. Dissertation title was An Intelligent Decision-Making System for Detecting High Impedance Faults. His specialties & skills are on the Distribution Disturbance and Incipient Fault Analysis, Topological Analysis of Large Complex Networks, Digital Systems and Microcontroller Application, Power System Protection and Predictive Maintenance &Diagnostics, Artificial Intelligence and Expert System Applications, Incipient Electric Fire Detection and Anticipation, Power Line Communication (PLC) and Broadband over Power Line (BPL). Professional Experices: Assistant Professor, Howard University, Washington, DC 2002-2008, Visiting Assistant Professor, Howard University, Washington, DC 1999-2001, Assistant Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Suwon, Suwon, South Korea, 1994-1998, Assistant Research Engineer, Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 1992 1994, Post-Doctoral Research Associate, Electrical Engineering , Texas A&M University, Collage Station, TX, 1990-1991.