3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

PRELIMINARY INFORMATION
(subject to change without notice)

3421 AND 3422

HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS
The A3421xKA and A3422xKA Hall-effect, direction-detection sensors are a new generation of special function integrated sensors that are capable of sensing the direction of rotation of a ring magnet. These transducers provide separate digital outputs that provide information on magnet rotation speed, direction, and magnet pole count. These devices eliminate the major manufacturing hurdles encountered in fine-pitch direction-detection applications, namely maintaining accurate mechanical location between the two active Hall elements. Here, the two Hall elements are photolithographically aligned to better than 1 m, as contrasted with 100 m or worse mechanical location tolerance when manufactured discretely. These highly sensitive, temperature-stable, magnetic transducers are ideal for use in digital-encoder systems in the harsh environments of automotive or industrial applications. The A3421xKA is a high-hysteresis device designed for low-resolution pulse counting while the A3422xKA is a high-sensitivity device optimized for use with high-density magnets. The A3421xKA and A3422xKA monolithic integrated circuits contain two independent Hall-effect latches whose digital outputs are internally coupled to CMOS logic circuitry that decodes signal speed and direction. Extremely low-drift BiCMOS circuitry is used for the amplifiers to ensure symmetry between the two latches so that signal quadrature can be maintained. An on-chip voltage regulator allows the use of these devices from a 4.5 V to 18 V supply. Both devices have standard open-collector outputs; the logic operation of both devices is the same. Two operating temperature ranges are provided; suffix E is for the automotive and industrial temperature range of -40C to +85C, suffix L is for the automotive and military temperature range of -40C to +150C. The 5-pin KA SIP package provides a costcompetitive solution to linear magnetic sensing in harsh environments.

Data Sheet 27650.1

April 9, 1998

E1

E2

LOGIC

VCC

DIRECTION

GROUND

E1 OUTPUT

SUPPLY

Dwg. PH-015

Pinning is shown viewed from branded side.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Supply Voltage, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 V Magnetic Flux Density, B . . . . Unlimited Output OFF Voltage, VOUT . . . . . . . . VCC Output Sink Current, IOUT . . . . . . . 30 mA Package Power Dissipation, PD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 mW Operating Temperature Range, TA Suffix EKA . . . . . . . -40C to +85C Suffix LKA . . . . . . -40C to +150C Storage Temperature Range, TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to +170C

SPEED

FEATURES
s s s s

Internal Direction-Decoding Circuitry Two Matched Hall Latches On A Single Substrate Superior Temperature Stability 4.5 V to 18 V Operation Electrically Defined Power-On State Under-Voltage Lockout

Always order by complete part number, e.g., A3421EKA .

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
1 SUPPLY 2 DIRECTION

UVLO

REG

LOGIC

POWER-ON LOGIC

GROUND

E1 OUTPUT

E2

X
E1

SPEED

Dwg. FH-018

TIMING DIAGRAM
CHANGE IN DIRECTION td DIRECTION
Dwg. WH-012

+B 0

BOP1 BRP1

-B +B 0 BRP2 -B BOP2

OUTE1

OUTE2 (INTERNAL)

SPEED (OUTE1 XOR OUTE2)

115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 W Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright 1998 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over operating temperature range.

Limits Characteristic Supply Voltage Range Output Leakage Current Output Saturation Voltage Power-On State Under-Voltage Lockout Under-Voltage Hysteresis Power-On Time Output Rise Time Output Fall Time Direction Change Delay Supply Current Symbol VCC IOFF VOUT(SAT) POS VCC(UV) VCC(hys) tpo tr tf td ICC Test Conditions Operating, TJ < 165C1 VOUT = VCC = 18 V IOUT = 20 mA VCC = 0 5 V, BRP1 < B < BOP1, BRP2 < B < BOP2 IOUT = 20 mA, VCC = 0 5 V Lockout (VCC(UV)) - Shutdown VCC > 4.5 V CL = 20 pF, RL = 820 CL = 20 pF, RL = 820 CL = 20 pF, RL = 820 VCC = 8 V, All outputs OFF Min. 4.5 OFF 0.5 5.0 Typ. <1.0 0.21 OFF 3.5 0.5 200 200 1.0 9.0 Max. 18 10 0.50 OFF 50 5.0 18 Units V A V V V s ns ns s mA

NOTES: 1. Maximum supply voltage must be adjusted for power dissipation and ambient temperature. 2. Typical Data is at VCC = 12 V and TA = +25C and is for design information only.

ALLOWABLE PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION IN WATTS

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

RJA = 164C/W

0.2

0.1

0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE IN C 150 175

Dwg. GH-069

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS over operating voltage range.
A3421xKA Characteristic Operate Point Symbol BOP Test Conditions TA = -40C TA = +25C TA = Maximum Release Point3 BRP TA = -40C TA = +25C TA = Maximum Hysteresis Bhys TA = -40C TA = +25C TA = Maximum Operate Differential Release Differential BOP1 - BOP2 BRP1 - BRP2 Min. 140 130 120 -300 -280 -260 280 260 240 Typ. 185 160 -190 -175 375 335 Max. 300 280 260 -140 -130 -120 80 80 Min. -85 -75 -75 10 10 10 A3422xKA Typ. 29 29 -19 -18 -16 48 46 Max. 85 75 75 60 60 Units G G G G G G G G G G G

NOTES: 1. Magnetic flux density is measured at most sensitive area of device, nominally located 0.014 (0.37 mm) below the branded face of the package. 2. Typical Data is at VCC = 12 V and TA = +25C and is for design information only. 3. As used here, negative flux densities are defined as less than zero (algebraic convention).

115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

TYPICAL A3421xKA CHARACTERISTICS
250 200 150 OPERATE POINT
400 V =8V CC 500

SWITCH POINTS IN GAUSS

50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 RELEASE POINT V =8V CC

HYSTERESIS IN GAUSS

100

300

200

100

0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN C

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN C
Dwg. GH-026-2 Dwg. GH-051-2

TYPICAL A3422xKA CHARACTERISTICS

50 40 30 OPERATE POINT

100

80

V =8V CC

SWITCH POINTS IN GAUSS

HYSTERESIS IN GAUSS

20 10 0 -10 RELEASE POINT -20 -30 -40 -50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 V =8V CC

60

40

20

0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN C

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN C
Dwg. GH-026-1

Dwg. GH-051-1

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

TYPICAL ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
300

10

250

I OUT = 20 mA

V =8V CC 9.0

SATURATION VOLTAGE IN mV

200

SUPPLY CURRENT IN mA

ALL OUTPUTS ON

150

8.0

100

ALL OUTPUTS OFF 7.0

50

0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150

6.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN C
Dwg. GH-029-2

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN C

Dwg. GH-053-1

13

12

T = 25C A

11

SUPPLY CURRENT IN mA

10 ALL OUTPUTS ON 9.0

8.0 ALL OUTPUTS OFF 7.0

6.0

5.0 2.0 6.0 10 14 18

SUPPLY VOLTAGE IN VOLTS

Dwg. GH-058-3

115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The integrated circuit contains an internal voltage regulator that powers the Hall sensors and both the analog and digital circuitry. This regulator allows operation over a wide supply voltage range and provides some immunity to supply noise. The device also contains CMOS logic circuitry that decodes the direction of rotation of the ring magnet. Quadrature/Direction Detection. Internal logic circuitry provides outputs representing speed and direction of the magnetic field across the face of the package. For the direction signal to be appropriately updated, a quadrature relationship must be maintained between the ring magnet pole width, the sensor-to-sensor spacing, and, to a lesser extent, the magnetic switch points. For optimal design, the sensor should be actu-ated with a ring magnet pole width two times the sensor-to-sensor spacing. This will produce a sinusoidal magnetic field whose period (denoted as ) is then four times the sensor-to-sensor spacing. A quadrature relationship can also be maintained for a ring magnet that has a period that satisfies the relationship n/4 = 1.5 mm, where n is any odd integer. Therefore, ring magnets with pole-pair spacings equal to 6 mm (n = 1), 2 mm (n = 3), 1.2 mm (n = 5), etc. are permitted. The response of the device to the magnetic field produced by a rotating gear is shown on page 2. Note the phase shift between the two integrated sensors. Operation with Fine-Pitch Gears. For targets with a circular pitch of less than 4 mm, a performance improvement can be observed by rotating the front face of the sensor subassembly (see below). This sensor rotation decreases the effective sensor-to-sensor spacing and increases the capability of detecting fine tooth or valley configurations, provided that the Hall elements are not rotated beyond the width of the target. Outputs. The device provides three saturated outputs: DIRECTION, E1 OUTPUT, and SPEED. DIRECTION provides the direction output of the sensor and is defined as OFF (high) for the direction E2 to E1 (South pole to the package face) and ON (low) for the direction E1 to E2 (South pole to the package face). SPEED provides an XORd output of the two sensors. Because of internal delays, DIRECTION will always be updated before SPEED and is updated at every transition of E1 OUTPUT and E2 OUTPUT (internal) allowing the use of up-down counters without the loss of pulses. Power-On State. At power on, the logic circutry is reset to provide an OFF (high) at DIRECTION and an OFF (high) for E1 and E2 (internal) for magnetic fields less than BOP. This eliminates ambiguity when the device is powered up and either sensor detects a field between BOP and BRP. If either sensor is subjected to a field greater than BOP, the internal logic will set accordingly.
1.50 COS (mm) 0.059 COS (inch)
0.059" 1.50 mm

TARGET FACE WIDTH, F >1.50 SIN (mm) >0.059 SIN (inch)

Rotated sensor for fine-pitch gears

A
1 2

A
1 2 3 4 5

3 4 5
Dwg. MH-024

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

CRITERIA FOR DEVICE QUALIFICATION
All Allegro sensors are subjected to stringent qualification requirements prior to being released to production. To become qualified, except for the destructive ESD tests, no failures are permitted. Test Method and Test Conditions JESD22-A101, TA = 85C, RH = 85% JESD22-A108, TA = 150C, TJ = 165C JESD22-A108, TA = 175C, TJ = 190C JESD22-A102, TA = 121C, 15 psig JESD22-A103, TA = 170C JESD22-A104 CDF-AEC-Q100-002 Samples Per Lot 77 77 77 77 77 77 3 per test -55C to +150C Test to failure All leads > 8 kV

Qualification Test Temperature Humidity Bias Life Bias Life (Surge Operating Life) Autoclave, Unbiased High-Temperature (Bake) Storage Life Temperature Cycle ESD, Human Body Model

Test Length 1000 hrs 1000 hrs 1000 hrs 96 hrs 1000 hrs 1000 cycles Pre/Post Reading

Comments Device biased for minimum power

SENSOR LOCATIONS
(0.005 [0.13 mm] die placement)

ACTIVE AREA DEPTH 0.014" 0.37 mm NOM

0.059" 1.50 mm

0.156" 3.95 mm

0.073" 1.85 mm

E1

E2

A
BRANDED SURFACE 1 2 3 4 5

Dwg. MH-007-1

115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

PACKAGE DESIGNATOR 'KA' Dimensions in Inches
(controlling dimensions)
0.254 0.249

Dimensions in Millimeters
(for reference only)
6.45 6.32

0.063 0.059

1.60 1.50

0.181 0.176 45 0.018

4.60 4.47 45 0.46

0.083
MAX

2.11
MAX

0.600 0.560

0.015

15.24 14.23

0.38

SEE NOTE

SEE NOTE

0.016

0.050
BSC
Dwg. MH-010F in

0.41

1.27
BSC
Dwg. MH-010F mm

SURFACE-MOUNT LEAD FORM (Suffix -TL)

0.095
0.005

2.41
0.13

0.002
MAX

0.051
MAX

0.004 08
MAX

0.020
MIN FLAT
Dwg. MH-015 in

0.10
MAX

08 0.51
MIN FLAT
Dwg. MH-015 mm

NOTES: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Tolerances on package height and width represent allowable mold offsets. Dimensions given are measured at the widest point (parting line). Exact body and lead configuration at vendors option within limits shown. Height does not include mold gate flash. Recommended minimum PWB hole diameter to clear transition area is 0.035 (0.89 mm). Where no tolerance is specified, dimension is nominal.

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

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115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

HALL-EFFECT SENSORS SELECTION GUIDE

Partial Part Number 3046 3054 3056 3058 3059 3060 3121 3122 3123 3132 3133 3134 3141 3142 3143 3144 3161 3175 3177 3185 3186 3187 3188 3189 3195 3197 3235 3275 3421 3422 3503 3507 3508 3515 3516 3517 3518 3625 3626 5140 Avail. Oper. Temp. E/L K/S E/L E/L K/S K/S E/L E/L E/L K/L/S K/L/S E/L E/L E/L E/L E/L E S S E/L E/L E/L E/L E/L E/L L S S E/L E/L S E/L S E/L E/L L/S L/S S S E Operate Limits Over Temp. BOP max BRP min Bhys min +200 -200 +300 +5 +225 -225 +300 -300 +100 -100 +35 -35 +500 +80 +430 +120 +470 +160 +95 -95 +75 -75 +50 -40 +175 +10 +245 +60 +355 +150 +450 +25 +160 +30 +180 -180 +150 -150 +300 -300 +350 -350 +175 -175 +200 -200 +250 -250 +200 -200 +200 -200 +200 +15 -200 -15 +250 -250 +300 -300 +85 -85 Typ. 1.3 mV/G Typ. 2.5 mV/G Typ. 2.5 mV/G Typ. 5.0 mV/G Typ. 2.5 mV/G Typ. 5.0 mV/G Typ. 2.5 mV/G +150 -150 +150 -150 +240 +25 15 5.0 15 150 20 10 60 70 70 30 30 10 20 30 30 20 5.0 80 50 280 100 100 160 100 110 110 15 15 100 240 10 200* 200* 20 Function Gear-Tooth Sensor Unipolar Multiplex Gear-Tooth Sensor Gear-Tooth Sensor AC Gear-Tooth Sensor AC Gear-Tooth Sensor Unipolar Switch Unipolar Switch Unipolar Switch Bipolar Switch Bipolar Switch Bipolar Switch Unipolar Switch Unipolar Switch Unipolar Switch Unipolar Switch 2-Wire Unipolar Switch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Bipolar Latch Unipolar Switch Unipolar Switch Bipolar Latch Direction Detection Direction Detection Linear Sensor Linear Sensor Linear Sensor Linear Sensor Linear Sensor Linear Sensor Linear Sensor 900 mA Bipolar Latch 400 mA Bipolar Latch 300 mA Unipolar Switch Notes 1

2, 3 3 4 5

3, 5, 6 3, 5, 6 3, 6

Operating Temperature Ranges: C = 0C to +70C, S = -20C to +85C, E = -40C to +85C, K = -40C to +125C, L = -40C to +150C Notes 1. Multiplexed two-wire sensor; after proper address, power/signal bus current indicates magnetic field condition. 2. Active pull down. 3. Protected. 4. Output 1 switches on south pole, output 2 switches on north pole for 2-phase, bifilar-wound, unipolar-driven brushless dc motor control. 5. Complementary outputs for 2-phase bifilar-wound, unipolar-driven brushless dc motor control. 6. Power driver output. * Typical. Latches will not switch on removal of magnetic field; bipolar switches may switch on removal of field but require field reversal for reliable operation over operating temperature range.

3421 AND 3422 HALL-EFFECT, DIRECTION-DETECTION SENSORS

Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the design of its products. Components made under military approvals will be in accordance with the approval requirements. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.

115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000