ISSN 1062 8738, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics, 2011, Vol. 75, No. 9, pp. 12481250.

Allerton Press, Inc., 2011. Original Russian Text A.V. Pastukhov, V.A. Davankov, 2011, published in Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Fizicheskaya, 2011, Vol. 75, No. 9, pp. 13201322.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Composite Materials Based on Hypercrosslinked Polystyrenes with Nanodispersed Inorganic Compounds
A. V. Pastukhov and V. A. Davankov
Nesmeynov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Science, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia e mail: avpastukhov@mail.ru AbstractNanocomposite materials with magnetic and catalytic properties based on hypercrosslinked poly styrenes (HLP) and inorganic compounds introduced into a polymer by means of chemical precipitation were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that when ferric oxides are precipitated in hypercrosslinked geltype polystyrene, nanodispersed particles 8 2 nm in size are formed, and when the ferric oxides are precipitated in hypercrosslinked biporous polystyrene, larger nanoparticles (~16 nm in size) are formed. DOI: 10.3103/S106287381109022X

INTRODUCTION One field of interest in todays nanoengineering is the synthesis of the new polymermatrix com posite materials with nanodispersed inorganic com pounds [1]. In this work, we investigate new polymerinor ganic nanocomposites: magnetic and catalytic sor bents synthesized by means of chemical precipitation of ferric oxides or of nanodispersed platinum in the grid of hypercrosslinked polystyrene sorbents. EXPERIMENTAL Hyprcrosslinked gel type CPS 100E polystyrene, generated by linking a styrene copolymer with 0.3% of divinylbenzene by monochlordimethyl ether (0.5 mol per 1 mol of styrene fragments) [2] and industrial sor bents MN200 and MN202 with biporous structure (micropores with radius of ~1.4 nm and macropores of about 100 nm in size, according to the manufacturers data) produced by Purolite (Great Britain) were used as a polymer matrix [3]. Magnetic sorbents based on these polymers were designated MCPS100E, MMN200, respectively, and the catalytic composites with platinum were designated CPS100EPt, MN202Pt. The diffraction patterns of samples of hyper crosslinked polystyrenes and composites with ferric oxides (obtained by energy dispersive X ray analysis) were recorded on Dron 3 and Bruker D8 Advance automatic diffractometers in BraggBrentano focus ing (reflection) geometry. Recording parameters were as follow: CuK ( = 1.5418 ) radiation; secondary

beam, graphitic monochromator; generator parame ters, 36 kV 20 mA; /2 scanning; angle step, 0.05; scanning rate, deg min1. Our electron microscope investigations of polymer composites (in the form of finely dispersed powders with particles 1 m and less in size) were performed in a LEO912 AB OMEGA transmission electron micro scope. The main parameters of the microscope were as follow: accelerating voltage, 60, 80, 100, 120 kV; illu mination area, is 175 m; illumination aperture, 0.025 milliradian; magnification, 80 to 500000; image resolution, 0.20.34 nm; resolution according to the energy of nonelastic scattering, 1.5 eV; capture range for the energy of nonelastic scattering, 0 2500 eV. Nanocomposite structure was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that when ferric oxides are precipitated in hypercrosslinked geltype polystyrene, nanodis persed particles 8 2 nm in size are formed, and when ferric oxides are precipitated in hypercrosslinked biporous polystyrene (with macropores ~100 nm in size, in addition to micropores), larger nanoparticles (16 nm in size) are formed. Energy dispersive X ray analysis revealed that the main component of ferric oxides immobilized in pores is ferromagnetic magne tite (crystallite efficient diameter is around 6 nm for gel type sorbents and 17 nm for biporous sorbents, respectively [4]). Sorption investigations revealed that if magnetic particles are introduced into the pores of hyper crosslinked sorbents, their ability to adsorb vapors of highly toxic compounds is reduced inconsiderably.

1248