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UNIVERSITY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION HCMC

RECORDING AND FEEDING BACK ON LEARNER ACHIEVEMENT


Course / Award Unit Student Name BTEC HND Business (Management)

Nguyn Lu Minh Phc

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UNIVERSITY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION BTEC HND IN BUSINESS (MANAGEMENT)


ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET
NAME OF STUDENT REGISTRATION NO. UNIT TITLE ASSIGNMENT TITLE ASSIGNMENT NO NAME OF ASSESSOR SUBMISSION DEADLINE

Nguyn Lu Minh Phc


Organisations and Behaviour Organisations Structure, Culture and Approaches 1 of 2 Alice Chauveau 20 May 2011

I, __________________________ hereby confirm that this assignment is my own work and not copied or plagiarized from any source. I have referenced the sources from which information is obtained by me for this assignment.

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Assignment Received By: Unit Outcomes


Outcome Evidence for the criteria Compare and contrast different organisational structures and cultures stakeholders Analyse the relationship between an organisations structure and culture and the effects on business performance Analyse the factors which influence individual behaviour at work Analyse how organisational theory underpins principles and practices of organizing and of management Compare the different approaches to management and theories of organisation used by two organisations Discuss different leadership styles and the effectiveness of these leadership approaches M1 D1 M2 D2 Feedback

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Assessors decision

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Explore organisational structure and culture (1)

Examine different approaches to management, leadership and theories of organisation (2)

Examine the relationship between motivational theories (3)

Merit grades awarded Distinction grades awarded

M3 D3

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Comments by Assessor - Common Skills


A B C D E F G

Assignment
( ) Well-structured; Reference is done properly / should be done (if any) Overall, youve Areas for improvement:

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(Oral feedback was also provided) STUDENT SIGNATURE NAME :.................................................................................


FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY VERIFIED YES NO DATE NAME : ........................................................................... : ...........................................................................

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COMMON SKILLS & COMPETENCIES ASSESSED (indicated by X)

A. MANAGING & DEVELOPING SELF


1. Managing own roles & responsibilities 2. Manage own time in achieving objectives 3. Undertakes personal and career development 4. Transfer skills gained to new/changing situations & contexts

D. MANAGING TASKS & SOLVING PROBLEMS

X X

12. Use information sources 13. Deal with a combination of routine & non-routine tasks 14. Identify & solve routine & non-routine problems

B. WORKING WITH & RELATING TO OTHERS


5. Treat others beliefs and opinions with respect 6. Relate & interact effectively with individuals & groups 7. Work effectively as a team member

E. APPLYING NUMERACY
15. Applying numerical skills and techniques

X
F. APPLYING TECHNOLOGY
16. Use a range of technological equipment and systems

C. COMMUNICATING
8. Receive and respond to a variety of information 9. Present information in a variety of visual forms 10. Communicate in writing 11. Participate in oral & no-verbal communication

G. APPLYING DESIGN AND CREATIVITY

17. Applying a range of skills and techniques to develop a variety of ideas in the creation of new / modified products, services or situations 18. Use a range of thought processes

SCENARIO COMPANY Lions Gate Entertainment Corporation Lionsgate is the leading independent filmed entertainment studio with a strong and diversified presence in motion pictures, television programming, home entertainment, family entertainment, video-on-demand and digital distribution of content. Under the leadership of Chief Executive Officer Jon Feltheimer and Vice Chairman Michael Burns, Lionsgate has successfully executed a business plan that has included the successful acquisition and integration of Artisan Entertainment, Trimark Holdings Ltd., Redbus Film Distributors, Debmar-Mercury and Mandate Pictures as well as strategic investments in Break.com, Roadside Attractions and several other filmed entertainment companies. Over the past eight years, Lionsgate has grown its annual revenues from $184 million in fiscal 2000 to approximately $1.2 billion anticipated in fiscal 2008, has increased its market capitalization from approximately $80 million to nearly $1.5 billion, has grown its domestic theatrical box office market share from 0.4% to nearly 4% and grown DVD market share from 2% to nearly 7%. Television revenues have increased from $8 million in fiscal 2000 to $119 million in fiscal 2007, with further growth to approximately $200 million expected this year, a compound annual growth rate of more than 50%. Feltheimer and Burns, who engineered Lionsgate's recapitalization in December 1999, joined the Company as CEO and Vice Chairman, respectively, in March 2000. With senior management signed to new long-term agreements, Lionsgate is positioned to continue successfully executing its business plan of continued organic growth of the Company's core motion picture, television and packaged media businesses while beginning the process of leveraging its content into new digital media platforms that represent an important element of Lionsgate's future. Throughout its evolution, Lionsgate has built one of the most prolific and prestigious libraries in the filmed entertainment business through a combination of organic growth and accretive acquisitions. With nearly 12,000 titles, including such evergreen hits as Dirty Dancing, Reservoir Dogs, Terminator 2, Basic Instinct, Total Recall, The Blair Witch Project, the Saw franchise, Crash, Monster's Ball, the smash television series Weeds and the Tyler Perry catalogue, the Lionsgate library
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generates more than $250 million annually in recurring revenue and approximately $90 million a year in positive free cash flow, covering the Company's corporate overhead and serving as a foundation for the disciplined growth of its core businesses. The stability and reliability of library cash flow differentiates Lionsgate from its independent competitors and provides the Company with the foundation for continuing to grow its motion picture pipeline without taking the larger budget risks common throughout the industry. (Source: http://corporate.lionsgate.com/Division.asp) COMPANY Biogen Idec Incorporated Biogen Idec is among the world's leading global biotechnology companies. We are a Fortune 500 company with more than $4 billion in revenue. Patients in more than 90 countries benefit from our products. That's one perspective on Biogen Idec, though it is not the only one. To our patients, we are the trusted source of vital therapies for multiple sclerosis, such as AVONEX and TYSABRI. We also discovered and co-market RITUXAN, the world's most prescribed treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Our patients count on us not only for medications, but also for a variety of support programs that help them deal with the rigors of living with serious illness. To our employees, we are an exciting and invigorating place to work, an ambitious company where courageous innovation is encouraged and expected not just of scientists but of every employee. Our manufacturing people take pride in our leadership in producing biologics, with more than 100,000 litres of capacity spread across three facilities. Our customer service representatives handle more than 800,000 calls per year, offering straightforward information, assistance and patient services. Across the company, in marketing, sales, quality control and human resources, people are empowered to challenge conventional wisdom and propose better ways of doing things. To our partners and investors, we are a profitable company with a rich and diverse pipeline that includes more than 20 products in Phase 2 clinical trials and beyond. We have the resources, financial strength and vision to successfully discover, develop, manufacture and commercialize new products. And to our friends, neighbours and the world at large, we are a responsible corporate citizen with robust programs that make our communities better places to live and work and address critical issues like diversity and sustainability. Biogen Idec is all these companies. We are dedicated to serving all our constituents, because Biogen Idec is in business to make a difference for all those we serve. (Source: http://www.idecpharm.com/about_corporate_overview.html) The above data has been based on real life organisations, but details have been changed for assessment purposes and do not reflect the current management practices. Role
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You are a member of a team of researchers employed by Forbes. Forbes is currently carrying out surveys and compiles statistics on a wide range of employment issues at the request of local employers or employer organisations. Your team has just been assigned to conduct an investigation into how sample of organisations approach the management of their activities. Your analysis will extend into an examination of organisation structure and culture, as well as management style. You have been given specific responsibility for the areas outlined below: BRIEF: Prepare a report, citing relevant research, which addresses the following tasks: Task 1

For both organizations sampled in your investigation, compare and contrast Lions Gate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated the different organizational structures and culture ( 1 a) Analyse the relationship between an organisations structure and culture as well as the effect of business performance (1 b) Related to the given organization, analyze the factors which might influence individual behavior at work (1 c)

Task 2

Analyze how organizational theory underpins principles and practice of organizing and management (2 a) Compare the different approaches to management and theories of organisation used by Lions Gate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated (2 b)

Task 3:

Discuss different styles and the effectiveness of these leadership approaches adopted by Lions Gate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated (3 a)

GRADING Pass is achieved by meeting all the requirements defined in the assessment criteria. (Refer page 2 of the assignment brief) Merit Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions. (M1)

Characteristics / Possible Evidence Use of comparative chart is sufficiently detailed to show that an effective approach to study and research has been applied to both organizations. Select and apply appropriate methods. (M2)

Characteristics / Possible Evidence Appropriate methods have been applied in organizational structure, culture and approaches to management related to given organizations as well as sources are justified. Distinction Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions (D1) Characteristics / Possible Evidence creation has been used to generate and justify valid comments on approaches to management and style of leadership. Demonstrate convergent, lateral and creative thinking (D3)

Characteristics / Possible Evidence report has been prepared with care and clearly demonstrates the learners thinking, innovation and creative thought used. Common Skills Grading To achieve a PASS, students answers should display clear presentation of information / data collected. As a member in group discussion, students should contribute positively.
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To achieve a MERIT, students answers should display clear, concise presentation of information / data collected. As a member in group discussions, student should contribute positively towards others opinions and offer constructive advice / suggestions. To achieve a DISTIONCTION, students answers should display clear, concise and analytical presentation of information / data collected. As a member in group discussions, student should contribute positively and offer constructive advice / suggestions. Information should share with all members of the group.

PRESENTATION
1.

The assignment should have a cover page that includes the assignment title, assignment number, course title, module title, Lecturer/tutor name and students name. Attach all the pages of assignment brief/cover sheet with your report and leave them blank for official use.

2. Ensure that authenticity declaration has been signed. 3. This is an individual assignment. 4. Content sheet with a list of all headings and page numbers. 5. A fully typed up professionally presented report document. Use 12 point Arial or Times New Roman script.
6.

Your assignment should be word-processed and should not exceed 3,000 words in length.

7. Use the Harvard referencing system. 8. Exhibits/appendices are outside this limit. 9. The assignment should be not contain a bibliography but should contain a list of any references used in the assignment. NOTES TO STUDENTS FOR SUMMISSION Check carefully the submission date and the instructions given with the assignment. Late assignments will not be accepted. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date. Do not leave things such as printing to the last minute excuses of this nature will not be accepted for failure to hand-in the work on time.

You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness, you may apply (in writing) for an extension. Failure to achieve a PASS grade will results in a REFERRAL grade being given. Take great care that if you use other peoples work or ideas in your assignment, you properly reference them in your text and any bibliography. NOTE: If you are caught plagiarizing, you could have your grade reduced to zero, or at worst, you could be excluded from the course.

Table of contents 1. Outline .11 2. Introduction..12 3. (1a) Compare and contrast Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated the different organizational structures and culture12-14 4. (1b) Analyze the relationship between an organizations structure and culture as well as the effect of business performance........15 5. (1c) Related to the given organization, analyze the factors which might influence individual behavior at work16-17 6. (2a) Analyze how organizational theory underpins principles and practice of organizing and management 18 7. (2b) Compare the different approaches to management and theories of organization used by Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated ......................................19 8. (3a) Discuss different styles and the effectiveness of these leadership approaches adopted by Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated..20-21
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Conclusion ...21

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11. References ...22

OUTLINE Introduction Both of Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated Company are among the leading global firms. Whereas Lionsgate is an entertainment company which majors in motion pictures, TV program and home entertainment, Biogen Idec is a biotechnology one. These companies have not only similar styles in management or leadership but also similar structures and culture. However, each still has distinctive differences because of the nature of the work or the effects of other factors. Body Task 1 Compare and contrast Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated the different organizational structures and culture Task 2 Analyze the relationship between an organizations structure and culture as well as the effect of business performance Related to the given organization, analyze the factors which might influence individual behavior at work

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Analyze how organizational theory underpins principles and practice of organizing and management Compare the different approaches to management and theories of organization used by Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated

Task 3 Discuss different styles and the effectiveness of these leadership approaches adopted by Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated Conclusion In conclusion, structures, culture, management style and leadership style of Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated Company are literally similar to each other. However, frequent business environment changing as well as the increasing demands of markets have urged Lionsgate and Biogen Idec to be more flexible in managing and organizing. Therefore, in different circumstances, each company will modify itself so that appropriate structures, culture, management style and leadership style can be applied.

Introduction Both of Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated Company are among the leading global firms. Whereas Lionsgate is an entertainment company which majors in motion pictures, TV program and home entertainment, Biogen Idec is a biotechnology one. These companies have not only similar styles in management or leadership but also similar structures and culture. However, each still has distinctive differences because of the nature of the work or the effects of other factors. 1a). Compare and contrast Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated the different organizational structures and culture STRUCTURE The similarities between Lionsgates organizational structure and Biogen Idecs structure: - Both are the complex structures that consist of different structures because of the great complexity as well as the huge sizes. - Lionsgate and Biogen Idec have expanded their business in multi locations all over the world. For Lionsgate, it is the distribution network of films and DVD. And it is pharmaceutical distribution network for Biogen. In that situation, an appropriate geographic structure should be applicable to optimize the coordination of activities .
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In addition, Lionsgate and Biogen Idec all have established strong external networks such as reputational partners or alliances. For example, Lionsgate launched a joint venture of Studio 3 Partners with Paramount Pictures and MGM in 2009. On the other hand, Biogen Idec has famous alliances such as Abbott or SmithKline Beecham and Genentech. However, in general, each of Lionsgate and Biogen Idec has its own noticeable organizational structure with some distinctive differences. Lionsgate - Lionsgate has the multidivisional structure. This corporation has the ownership of over 17 main subsidiaries. More specifically, the most important ones that were the successful acquisitions of this corporate are Artisan Entertainment, Trimark Holdings Ltd., Redbus Film Distributors, Debmar-Mercury, and Mandate Pictures. These can have different structures from each other. - Subsidiaries can work independently. Though most of their activities are in entertainment, each of them has specific sectors. For instance, Artisan majors in home entertainment and motion pictures, Debmar-Mercury is a television syndication company or Mandate Pictures focuses on financing, developing and releasing films in the horror thriller genre. - Lionsgate Corporation has integrated or coorporated with many companies all over the world to distribute its products (e.g Tiger Gate in Asia). Biogen Idec - Biogen Idecs organizational structure is also the multidivisional one. Its subsidiaries located in many different countries have their own structures that are noticeably the product/brand structure or functional one. Each subsidiary is separated into different functional departments that are Finance, Marketing, Sales, Quality Control, Human Resources, Research& Development, which is especially vital in a biotechnology company as Biogen Idec or the divisions that take responsibility of the definite brands. - Virtually all of this corporations subsidiaries integrate fully with the parent company. - In comparison with Lionsgate, Biogen uses less agents, consultants or distributors. These activities are mostly done by its subsidiaries that are located in many different countries.
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CULTURE Both of Lionsgate and Biogen Idec are proud of their culture which is not only the personality, collective self-image and style of the organization but also the organizations shared values, beliefs, norms and symbols. Lionsgate and Biogen Idec have a large number of subsidiaries that are located in many countries. Therefore, there is a variety of culture at these different affiliates that are not necessarily as same as the parent companies culture so that they can adapt more easily to the local markets or environment. However, in this report, Id like to analyze the overall culture of the parent corporations, Lionsgate and Biogen , rather than dig deeper into the subsidiaries one. As two corporations of the leading global ones, there are not only similarities of Lionsgates structure and Biogens structure but also the culture of these firms. Flexibility. Lionsgate has established a successful distribution network of films and DVD. Moreover, the board of directors doesnt seem to want to stop establishing more collaboration. As a result, flexibility in cooperating has become a characteristic culture of Lionsgate. Biogen Idec similarly has this culture. This is shown in its collaboration with pharmaceutical companies such as Elan Corporation or Syntonix. Entrepreneur. As you can see the achievements of Lionsgate and Biogen Idec, both of these firms obviously have outstanding sense of business. Theyre always ready not only to embrace the challenge but also grab any opportunities to develop their
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products as well as the organizations. Specifically, both of these companies have obtained the successful acquisitions that have brought millions in revenue to the parent companies. Empowerment. The huge size and the complexity of Lionsgate and Biogen apparently make these corporations difficult to manage. Thus, the empowerment is unavoidable. Specifically, Lionsgate, a parent company, empowers its subsidiaries such as Artisan Pictures or Mandate Pictures to produce films. At Biogen, people in marketing, sales, quality control and human resources are empowered to challenge conventional wisdom and propose better ways of doing things. Innovation. Lionsgate is absolutely innovative since its nature of work entertainment. Innovation/Creativity or Renewal are also considered as the important culture of Biogen Idec. On the other hand, not all of the functional departments are encouraged to be creative. For example, innovation used in Research & Development department is obviously encouraged, but not in Production department. Teamwork. Both of Lionsgate and Biogen realize the importance of unity. Teamwork is especially encouraged. Most of these corporations fruits are noticeably achieved by the cooperation, the efforts of not only the employees of Lionsgate and Biogen but also their partners ones. Although these two companies culture is literally similar to each other, Lionsgate and Biogen still have distinguished differences. Disciplinary. Biogen Idec is always proud of its culture of excellence which is agile, decisive and accountable. The products of Biogen are used for treating humans illness. Therefore, the process of researching as well as manufacturing is particularly controlled rigidly. Disciplinary of each employee is apparently required. Lionsgate also asks its employees to seriously follow the corporations strategy. However, because of each companys nature of work, the standards of disciplinary of Lionsgate and Biogen are somehow different. Biogen is a company that literally appreciates the culture of a united organization. This company set up other culture that are likely to be the characteristics that an employee must have such as trust, honesty, integrity and respect. The integrity is among the standards which guarantees the best quality of Biogens employees work that affects peoples health. Efficiency. Biogen regards this characteristic of culture highly. It is shown in the companys plan of operational efficiency and organizational realignment. Specifically, it closed San Diego site, terminated or divested lower priority assets. Moreover, Biogen reduced headcount by 13% and restructured the program management. This corporation is always in readiness for changing so that the best efficiency is guaranteed.

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1b). Analyze the relationship between an organizations structure and culture as well as the effect of business performance The relationship between an organizations structure and culture as well as the effect of business performance is very close. They affect each other. When one of them changes, the others must be modified so that they can be coordinated well. The success of an organization usually depends its business performance. - The organizations structure defines the specific roles or the positions of all of employees within the organization, etc. In addition, it helps the organization to classify the definite divisions or departments so that the cooperation between them are guaranteed to maintain and develop efficiently. The organizational structure can affect some culture. For instance, if the structure is flat, the empowerment becomes a factor of an organizations culture. - The culture of an organization creates the working environment which can be comfortable or intense. As a result, the productivity of the employees can be affected seriously by the organizations culture. If a person feels comfortable at work such as communicating well with his/her colleagues which is a good result of the unity created by the organizational culture, his/her work performance will be absolutely better. Moreover, good working environment makes the employees feel more comfortable so that they can do their best.

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Assume that an organization is a computer, the structure is like a hardware whereas the culture is the software. These two things cant work efficiently without each other. A good structure is a stable background framework. The culture is the way that an organization uses to guarantee its best business performance. Moreover, the culture affects the motivation and satisfaction of employees. Therefore, their performance is also affected well. The structure just helps the organization to work well internally. In contrast, the organizations culture can aid the adaptability of it. Another importance of culture is that it affects the image of the organization. If the image is good, the organizations employees will feel proud that they work for a good organization. Thus, theyll perhaps be more responsible for their jobs. Apparently, their business performance is better. And the good results are obviously achieved. On the other hand, good business performance is the key factor that makes an organization become success. For example, Lionsgate was founded in 1995. In 2009, it became the seventh corporation of the entertainment companies that have the largest shares in theatrical and video market in the US. It only took Lionsgate 14 years to achieve such a great success. One of the reasons for this shot-up is its good business performance. Thanks to the outstanding achievements, the corporation has become larger and more powerful. As a result, a more developed and complex structure and culture are particularly required.

1c). Related to the given organization, analyze the factors which might influence individual behavior at work The factors that might influence individual behavior at work are the personality, perception; attitude; ability and aptitude; conflict, stress and change. Personality is the pattern of ways of thinking, feeling and behaving. These interact with the environment. The task, the system and management culture of the organization and the others in the team are all under the influence of this factor. More specifically, most of the members of Lionsgates board of directors are experienced and highly educated people. They graduated from the top universities in the US such as Harvard or UCLA. These men have distinctive ways of thinking how to manage not only an organization but also people. Their personality was built up through out the years studying at notable schools as well as the years working at different famous firms. They know not only how to motivate their subordinates but also ways to deal with difficult stages. Their distinguished personality and visions have contributed to create the characteristics of Lionsgates culture as well as an effective management. Perception is the psychological process by which stimuli or in-coming sensory data are selected and organized into patterns which are meaningful to the individual. This factor influences on:

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Interest of managers and staff might be different so there might be a difference of perception regarding a situation. People who work in different functional departments may have very different timescales and culture so they might have different perception as well. Discrimination is a sensitive problem at work. The perception of each person about this problem is different so a joke, comment or gesture can be easily misinterpreted. Once an organization has high perception, its rules, policies or work environment apparently satisfy the employees. People will have trust in the company as well as feeling secure and comfortable. As a result, each employees performance is promoted. For instance, in Biogens Code of business, it was written that employees do not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, age Moreover, there is a standard of which behaviors may be considered as harassment or discrimination. Attitude can be defined as providing a state of readiness or tendency to respond in a particular way. Attitude to work: the individuals standpoint on working, work conditions, colleagues, the task, the organization and management. Good attitudes can influences positively on work environment and cooperation of the teams within an organization. They also reduce the conflicts between employees. The peoples trust in each other is improved. Therefore, the empowerment is apparently used more. Attitude to work: people may bring their attitudes about other people, politics, education, religionwith them into the work place to act on, agree, disagree or discuss. Ability and Aptitude: Abilities: things that people can do, or at good at largely believed to be inherited. (BPP,2007) Aptitudes: the capacity to learn and develop abilities or skill. (BPP,2007) These factors influence on the competence of each employee at work. Every person must have the definite skills and knowledge of his/her job. This is the factor that partly guarantees the organizations appropriate inputs. The right person with the right ability or attitude for a certain job can be selected or trained for it. Therefore, testing and measuring that ability or aptitude is necessary. Conflict, stress and change: Conflict is any divergence between groups or individuals. Conflict can be destructive or negative such as power relationships can be defined, creativity may be encouraged, hostile feelings can be released as well as helpful or constructive: distract peoples attention from the task, employees find it hard to integrate well with the group and spoiling or defensive behavior can be encouraged . More specifically, being aware of the effects of negative conflicts of interest in an organization, Biogen pointed out the possibilities that the conflicts could happen and rules that can guide employees how to solve them. Stress is simply the product of demands made on an individuals physical and mental energies. The effects of stress on the individual and his or her performance: nervous tension which can affect peoples health, withdrawal individuals isolation from the team and low morale. In addition, more success that the company achieves, more pressure that the subordinates have to deal with. Change: a difference which is made in work organization or office. Change affects individuals psychologically. People are likely reluctant to change because of some different concerns. Change may create negative feelings of disorientation, insecurity or even being threatened. For instance, Biogen realized that the change is unavoidable in the development. They realigned the organizational structure and reduced the headcount. This is a right decision for the whole companys development. On the other hand, subordinates fear of being made redundant came up.
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2a). Analyze how organizational theory underpins principles and practice of organizing and management Some organizational theories that underpins principles and practice of organizing and management are: Bureaucracy. Large corporations have independent subsidiaries that are major in different works so that their employees can do their best. This theory requires their subordinates as the experts in definite fields. The large companies usually apply this because they want each of their products to be fully developed so that theyre good enough to compete with others in the market. As you can see, bureaucracy also offers the organizations the hierarchical flow of information. Thus, the quality of work is controlled rigidly. The human relations approach. This theory emphasizes on the importance of humans. More specifically, when employees are satisfied about their work or their working environment, their performance will be apparently higher. It urges the managers to find ways how to motivate or satisfy their subordinates. The systems approach. This theory of management emphasizes on the existence of an organization as a system, specifically an open social one. When a part of a system changes, the others will be affected or changed as well. There are inputs, the system and the outputs that are influenced by the environment. Moreover, people in an organization can bring with them all sorts of influences from the environment such as the family pressure or social attitudes. These can affect individuals performance at work.
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Obviously, there are possibilities that the organization is affected as well. Thus, the managers of the organization must be on readiness to respond to any unusual effects of the environment. For instance, some ways of a conflict of interest could arise that were established in the Biogens code of business. Some of these mention about the situations that the employees personal relationships are involved. This is the evidence of Biogens awareness of the influences on an organization which comes from its environment. The contingency approach. This points out that the managers must manage their organizations to respond to the instant change of the tasks, the people and the environment. For instance, the instantly changing environment can be the competence in the market or the nature of work which requires frequent creativity. More specifically, this theory of management is usually applied by Lionsgate. As the new inventions of HD TV or 3D movies, this corporation has to proactively renew its strategies more often. As a result, Lionsgate board of directors also has to find appropriate ways to manage the organization in different circumstances as well as definite periods of time so that the best fruits can be achieved.

2b). Compare the different approaches to management and theories of organization used by Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated Lionsgate and Biogen Idec have similar approaches to management and theories of organization. However, each applies them differently due to the nature of work or definite circumstances. Bureaucracy: - Lionsgate: The approach of bureaucracy applied by Lionsgate only has some bureaucratic characteristics such as expertise in working on distinguish products or the hierarchical flow of information. - Biogen Idec: Biogens products affect directly to peoples health. Therefore, the process of manufacturing has to be control rigidly. Moreover, because of the serious nature of work, all of the employees working in Research and Development or Production are required to be experts. Moreover, according to the existence of Biogen Idecs Corporate Compliance, we can see that all of this companys employees must work in the bounds of rules and regulations. The human relations approach: - Both of Lionsgate and Biogen Idec regard the importance of human resource highly. They all need efforts, contributions and creativity of their employees so that all of the results can be achieved successfully. The human relations approach helps them to realize how their staffs productivity can be affected. The systems approach:
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Lionsgate: When the markets demands are changed, this corporation has to change its products as well as the strategies. For instance, more people want to watch movies with the latest digital technology such as 3D or 4D ones. If the sales department responds to all of those demands, the production department or the marketing one will have to coordinate to create new products. Moreover, the plan of the whole corporation might need to be modified. Biogen Idec: The problem of Biogen is similar to Lionsgates one. Biogen also has to respond to the markets demands, more specifically, the patients needs. As you know, for some diseases, each treatment is only effective for a certain period of time. Therefore, new treatments or medicine are always required. Biogen Idec has to establish new plans for researching and manufacturing new medicine. This means most of its departments such as research and development, sales, marketing and production must change to meet the requirements as well. The contingency approach: Lionsgate: The management has to be changed due to the markets demands of new digital technologies that are used in movies. Biogen: The management has to be modified because of patients needs of new medicine.

3a). Discuss different styles and the effectiveness of these leadership approaches adopted by Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated One of the factors that contributes to the outstanding success of Lionsgate and Biogen Idec is that they adopted appropriate leadership styles. Leadership is setting a new direction or vision for a group that they follow and a leader is the spearhead for that new direction. It, as defined by John Maxwell, is influence nothing more, nothing less. Moreover, Leaders direct the efforts of others through vision, inspiration and motivation forms of influence (BPP, 2007). According to the research in several industries in the UK which was carried out by Ashridge Management College, there are four broad styles of leadership: - Tells style (autocratic): The manager makes all decisions and issues which must be obeyed without question. - Sells style (persuasive): The manager makes all decisions but explains them to subordinates and attempts to motivate them. - Consults style (participative): The manager confers with subordinates and takes their views and feeling into account, but retains the right to make the final decision. - Joins style (democratic): Leader and followers make the decision together, or the basis of consensus or compromise and agreement. Biogen Idecs style of leadership: Consults style and Sells style.
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o Consults style: Across the company, in marketing, sales, quality control and human resources, people are empowered to challenge conventional wisdom and propose better ways of doing things. Employees can contribute any ideas to develop the organization as well as their own works. This style could have been easily transferred to be the Joins one. However, Biogen is a huge corporation so each decision must be considered carefully by the managers or the board of directors who have wider vision of the whole companys issues. o Sells style: At Research and Development department or Production department, there are standardizations of working process because of the serious nature of task. More specifically, manufacturing is operated as a rigid assembly line so that each product has the best quality. Moreover, most of Biogens employees working at these departments are experts. They have the best knowledge about their tasks so itll be difficult to make them accept any professional decisions without appropriate explanations. This is the reason why it is Sells style, not Tells style, that is used by Biogen Idec. Lionsgates style of leadership: Sells style and Consults style. o Sells style: Thanks to the management of the board of directors which is full of talented and experienced visionary leaders as well as managers, Lionsgates revenue has grown from $184 million to $1.5 billion over the past 10 years through a clearly defined and executed plan. According to this fact, we can see that the development and current position as a leading diversified film entertainment studio of Lionsgate is the result of the process of operating the board of directors plans. However, this is not an autocratic corporation so it doesnt use Tells style. The plans cant be operated well without motivated subordinates. In overall, Sells style is the most appropriate type of leadership for Lionsgate. o Consults style: Due to the nature of work which requires lots of creativity and variety of new ideas from many different people, not all of Lionsgates departments or subsidiaries can apply Tells style. In addition, to hold onto the progress of producing a film, the final decision has to be made by the managers so that it consumes less time. As a result, the managers must be experienced and have the best knowledge as well as the full responsibility of their teams. Advantages of Tells style: Quick decision can be taken. Its very efficient for routine job. Disadvantages of Tells style: Communication is only one way. It creates no initiative of subordinates.

Advantages of Sells style: It creates more motivation of employees. It offers subordinates the opportunities to have better understanding of the goals and strategy. The managers will explain his intentions whenever the unforeseen events come up so that staffs will have better reaction. Disadvantages of Sells style: Subordinates wont be committed in decisions that they arent involved. This is just a dressed up of Tells style. Advantages of Consults style: It creates more motivation of subordinates.
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Employees can contribute knowledge and experience. Disadvantages of Consults style: It consumes time to make decisions. Subordinates might be limited in their point of view about issues. There is risk of disappointment if employees advice is not taken into account.

Conclusion In conclusion, structures, culture, management style and leadership style of Lionsgate Entertainment Corporation and Biogen Idec Incorporated Company are literally similar to each other. However, frequent business environment changing as well as the increasing demands of markets have urged Lionsgate and Biogen Idec to be more flexible in managing and organizing. Therefore, in different circumstances, each company will modify itself so that appropriate structures, culture, management style and leadership style can be applied.

REFERENCES NONAME. (2007) Organisations and Behaviour. 1sted., London: BPP Learning Media Ltd. NONAME. (2011) Company Overview, http://investors.lionsgate.com/phoenix.zhtml? c=62796&p=irol-homeprofile [cited 10 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) Corporate Governance Biography, ,http://investors.lionsgate.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=62796&p=irolgovBio&ID=185714 [cited 10 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) Corporate Governance Biography, http://investors.lionsgate.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=62796&p=irol-govBio&ID=185715 [cited 10 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) Corporate Governance Biography, http://investors.lionsgate.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=62796&p=irol-govBio&ID=185716 [cited 10 May 2011]

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NONAME. (2010) Our Definition of Leadership, http://www.teal.org.uk/leadership/definition.htm [cited 13 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) The importance of alliances and partnerships, http://www.biogenidec.com/partnership.aspx?ID=5491 [cited 10 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) Biogen Idec Today, http://www.biogenidec.com/about_corporate_overview.aspx?ID=5469 [cited 10 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) Code of business conduct, http://www.biogenidec.com/highlights.aspx? ID=6058 [cited 15 May 2011] NONAME. (2011) Epix (TV channel), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epix_%28TV_channel%29 [cited 10 May 2011] NONAME. (2010) LIONS GATE ENTERTAINMENT CORP. , http://phx.corporateir.net/External.File? item=UGFyZW50SUQ9NDEyMDY4fENoaWxkSUQ9NDIyNzc1fFR5cGU9MQ==&t=1 [cited 10 May 2011]

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