Repair of Concrete Structures

Code Requirements for Evaluation, Repair and Rehabilitation of Existing Concrete Buildings
Larry Kahn Georgia Institute of Technology

Conceive, Design, Construct, Operate and Maintain our infrastructure

Repair code new philosophy

Vietnam Concrete Repair prescriptive European Standard 1504 prescriptive ACI 562 performance
Establish goals, level of care, quality Assign responsibility Safety

Sustainability

Change
International Existing Building Code: 302.2
Where elements are found to be unsound or otherwise structurally deficient, such elements shall be made to conform to the requirements for new structures

Use of ACI 318 for existing structures Creativity, innovation & use of new materials

Repair Code Organization

General, Applicability, Definitions, e.g. existing building Life Safety Requirements Loads load and factors Analysis evaluation, analytical & experimental Repair Design Construction, durability design, quality assurance

What do you do if

Evaluation
Carbonation Chloride contamination Reinforcement As Tie-hoop requirements Foundation & adjoining members

Example Corrosion damage

Examine Reinforcement Evaluation

Considerations: Shore ? Occupied ? Who looks?

Minimum 1/4-in plus maximum size aggregate 1-in for cleaning

Analysis
If dimensions, fc and fy known, then = ? & load factors = ? Moment redistribution: 20[1- (-)/bal] % Actual area: As provided/ As required Location of corrosion

Location of Corrosion

Location of Corrosion

Location of Corrosion

Seismic Considerations
ASCE 31 (Evaluation) and 41 (Seismic Rehabilitation

Repair

Repair

External Repair

FRP

Patch material & corrosion cell -Halo effect

Chloride contaminated material -- anodic

Anode corrosion initiated Durability design: material selection + add cathodic protection

Repair considerations
Repair categories: Surface/cosmetic and Structural Repairs Unloading columns / frames Redistribution of load Concrete Removal cutting ties Supplemental vertical reinforcement Inside or outside of tie cage Corroded ties effect of removal Corrosion protection

Jacking structure & Unloading members

Jacking structure & Unloading members

Dead load vs. Live load Service load vs. ultimate strength
1.2D + 1.6L

D+L

Performance based repair code?

Structural engineer must Understand repair vs new construction Be creative Define responsibilities Establish performance goals Owner engineer building official Constructor & Material suppliers must respond to enhanced specifications

The results:
improves built environment lowers cost reduces use of energy and resources maintains our architectural heritage legally protects structural engineers and constructors

Discussion