CIVIL AVIATION ORDERS PART 40 SECTION 40.8.

3 Issue 3 AIRCRAFT ENDORSEMENTS AIRSHIPS SUBSECTIONS

1 2 3 4 Airship syllabus Interpretation Prescription of endorsements Authority given by type endorsement 5 Requirements for the issue of type endorsements 12 Type endorsement aeronautical experience 22 General provisions Appendixes I, II, III and IV

AIRSHIP SYLLABUS

1.1

For the purposes of regulation 5.59, the airship syllabus is set out in Appendices I and II.
INTERPRETATION

2.1

In this section, unless the contrary intention appears: aeronautical experience means experience gained as a pilot member of the operating crew of an aircraft. gas airship means an airship which derives its buoyancy from an envelope containing a gas, other than hot air, which is lighter than air. hot air airship means an airship which derives its buoyancy from an envelope containing hot air. intermediate alighting area means an airship landing area, other than the initial take off area or final landing area, which complies with the alighting area standard detailed in the operators operations manual.

2.2

A reference in this section to a subregulation identified by a numerical code (for example 5.22 (1)) is a reference to the subregulation identified by that code in the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988.
PRESCRIPTION OF ENDORSEMENTS

3.1

For the purposes of subregulation 5.22 (1), the type endorsements set out in Appendix III are prescribed for airships.

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AUTHORITY GIVEN BY TYPE ENDORSEMENT

4.1 4.2 4.3

A type endorsement set out in Part 1 of Appendix III authorises the holder of the endorsement to fly an airship of that type as pilot in command, or co-pilot. A type endorsement set out in Part 2 of Appendix III authorises the holder of the endorsement to fly an airship of that type as co-pilot. A type endorsement set out in Part 3 or Part 4 of Appendix III authorises the holder of the endorsement to fly an airship of that type as pilot in command.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ISSUE OF TYPE ENDORSEMENTS

5.1

For the purposes of subregulation 5.23 (1), the requirements for the issue of a type endorsement set out in Part 1 of Appendix III are: (a) the person seeking the endorsement must: (i) undertake training in accordance with Appendix VI in the operating limitations, procedures and systems of that type of airship; and (ii) undertake flying training in accordance with Appendix II in normal and emergency flight manoeuvres and procedures in that type of airship; and (iii) satisfy the requirements of paragraph 12.1; and (iv) satisfy the person who conducted the training mentioned in sub-subparagraphs (i) and (ii) that the first-mentioned person can safely fly that type of airship as pilot in command; or (b) the person seeking the endorsement must hold an overseas airship type endorsement that is at least equivalent to the type endorsement sought. For the purposes of subregulation 5.23 (1), the requirements for the issue of a type endorsement set out in Part 2 of Appendix III are: (a) the person seeking the endorsement must: (i) undertake training in accordance with Appendix VI in the operating limitations, procedures and systems of that type of airship; and (ii) undertake flying training in accordance with Appendix II in normal and emergency flight manoeuvres and procedures in that type of airship; and (iii) satisfy the requirements of paragraph 12.2; and (iv) satisfy the person who conducted the training mentioned in subsubparagraphs (i) and (ii) that the first-mentioned person can safely fly that type of airship as co-pilot; or (b) the person seeking the endorsement must hold an overseas airship type endorsement that is at least equivalent to the type endorsement sought.

5.2

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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

5.3

For the purposes of subregulation 5.23 (1), the requirements for the issue of a type endorsement set out in Part 3 of Appendix III are: (a) the person seeking the endorsement must: (i) undertake training in accordance with Appendix VI in the operating limitations, procedures and systems of the type of airship for which the endorsement is sought; and (ii) undertake flying training in accordance with Appendix II in normal and emergency flight manoeuvres and procedures in that type of airship; and (iii) satisfy the requirements of paragraph 12.1 and 12.3; and (iv) satisfy the person who conducted the training mentioned in sub-subparagraphs (i) and (ii) that the first-mentioned person can safely fly that type of airship as pilot in command; or (b) the person seeking the endorsement must hold an overseas airship type endorsement that is at least equivalent to the type endorsement sought. For the purposes of subregulation 5.23 (1), the requirement for the issue of a type endorsement set out in Part 4 of Appendix III are: (a) the person seeking the endorsement must: (i) undertake training in the operating limitations, procedures and systems of the type of airship for which the endorsement is sought; and (ii) undertake flying training in accordance with Appendix II in normal and emergency flight manoeuvres and procedures in that type of airship; and (iii) satisfy the requirements of paragraph 12.4; and (iv) satisfy the person who conducted the training mentioned in sub-subparagraphs (i) and (ii) that the first-mentioned person can safely fly that type of airship as pilot in command; or (b) the person seeking the endorsement must hold an overseas airship type endorsement that is at least equivalent to the type endorsement sought. For the purposes of this subsection, an overseas airship endorsement is equivalent to a particular type endorsement for an airship if both endorsements authorise the holder to fly that type of airship in the same capacity. In this section: overseas airship type endorsement means a qualification (whether it is called an endorsement, rating or authority, or is known by some other name): (a) that authorises the holder of the qualification to fly a particular type of airship; and (b) that was issued by the responsible authority of a Contracting State.

5.4

5.5

5.6

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12

TYPE ENDORSEMENT AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE

12.1

For the purposes of sub-subparagraphs 5.2 (a) (iii) and 5.3 (a) (iii), a person seeking a type endorsement set out in Part 1 or Part 3 of Appendix III must have, as a minimum on type, 75 hours as pilot in command or in dual flying, to include 20 hours cross-country, including 1 flight of at least 100 nautical miles or 2 hours duration in the course of which the airship landed and came to rest in the hands of the airship ground party at at least 1 intermediate alighting area. For the purposes of sub-subparagraph 5.2 (a) (iii), a person seeking a type endorsement set out in Part 2 of Appendix III must have, as a minimum, the following hours aeronautical experience on that type: (a) 25 hours dual instruction; (b) 5 hours cross-country flight.

12.2

12.2.1 For the purposes of paragraph 12.2, the same flight time may be counted towards subparagraph (a) and (b) if both subparagraphs describe the flight time. 12.3 For the purposes of sub-subparagraph 5.3 (a) (iii), a person seeking a type endorsement set out in Part 3 of Appendix III must have, as a minimum, the following aeronautical experience: (a) 5 hours free balloon experience including 10 take-offs and 10 landings; or (b) 10 simulated engine failure landings in the type of airship whilst under instruction. For the purposes of subparagraph 5.4 (a) (iii), a person seeking a type endorsement set out in Part 4 of Appendix III must have the following aeronautical experience: (a) any 1 or more of the following: (i) at least 100 hours of flight time as pilot in command of a hot air balloon, being flight time that includes: (A) at least 70 hours of free flight time; and (B) at least 5 hours of tethered flight time; (ii) at least 50 hours as pilot in command of a hot air airship; (iii) at least 50 hours of flying training given in a hot air airship as part of an approved training course; (b) at least 25 hours of flight time as a pilot in a hot air airship; (c) at least 10 hours of cross-country flight time in a hot air airship; (d) 5 hours of cross-country flight time as pilot in command of a hot air airship; (e) at least 5 hours flight time as a pilot in an airship of the type concerned; (f) at least 3 hours of flight time as pilot in command of an airship of the type concerned, being flight time that includes: (i) at least 5 take-offs; and (ii) 5 landings following each of which the airship envelope is deflated.
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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

12.5 12.6

For the purposes of paragraph 12.4, the same flight time may be counted towards so many of the subparagraphs as describe the flight time. For the purposes of sub-subparagraph 12.4 (a) (ii), each 2 hours of flight time flown by a person as pilot in command of a hot air balloon may be treated as if it were 1 hour of flight time flown by the person as pilot in command of a hot air airship. CASA may approve a training course for the purposes of sub-subparagraph 12.4 (a) (iii).
GENERAL PROVISIONS

12.7

22

For the purposes of subregulation 5.52 (2), directions regarding: (a) log books; and (b) logging of flight time; are detailed in CAO 40.1.0 which refers to aeroplanes. The directions in CAO 40.1.0 relating to log books and logging of flight time apply to airships and references to aeroplanes in CAO 40.1.0 relating to those matters are, for the purposes of this subsection, to be read as references to airships.

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APPENDIX I AIRSHIP SYLLABUS GAS AIRSHIP PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT AND OPERATION

2 GAS PRINCIPLES AEROSTATICS

2.1

Recall the physical properties of gases: (a) density; and (b) specific gravity; and (c) purity; and (d) humidity; and (e) the causes effecting changes in gas volume including: (i) temperature changes related to isothermal or adiabatic expansion; and (ii) pressure changes; and (iii) superheat. Recall how airship aerostatic lift (or buoyancy) is modified by: (a) change of ground level atmospheric pressure; and (b) temperature; and (c) humidity; and (d) gas purity; and (e) superheat. Recall the relationship between: (a) ballonet ceiling or pressure height; and (b) airship percentage of gas fullness; and (c) airship load carrying capacity. Recall the following basic rules for aerostatics and how to use them to calculate airship performance: (a) Rule 1 Lift of an airship varies with the volume if all other conditions affecting lift remain constant. (b) Rule 2 Lift of a given volume of gas increases if barometric pressure increases and lift decreases if pressure decreases. (c) Rule 3 Lift of a given volume of gas will decrease if atmospheric temperature increases and will increase if temperature decreases. (d) Rule 4 The higher the atmospheric humidity the less the lift.

2.2

2.3

2.4

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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

(e) Rule 5 There is no change in equilibrium due to a change in barometric pressure when the gas is free to expand. (f) Rule 6 Where air and gas temperature change an equal amount there is no change in equilibrium if the gas is free to expand. (g) Rule 7 An airship in equilibrium at any altitude will be in equilibrium at sea level, providing no weight is lost or gained and the superheat value is not changed in descending. (h) Rule 8 An airship rising from the ground in equilibrium will be in equilibrium at any altitude below pressure height if no weight is lost or gained and the superheat value does not change. (i) Rule 9 Barometric pressure will decrease approximately 1 inch Hg for every 1000 feet of ascent in the lower atmosphere. (j) Rule 10 Atmospheric temperature will decrease approximately 2C for every 1000 feet ascent. (k) Rule 11 Gas volume is changed 1% for every 2.75C change in gas temperature. (l) Rule 12 Gas density is changed 1% for every 2.75C change in gas temperature. (m) Rule 13 1% change in gas density or specific gravity for helium changes the lift 0.2% when at pressure height. (n) Rule 14 Lift is changed 1% for every 2.75C change in superheat in flight as the gas is free to expand. (o) Rule 15 At pressure height (where gas is not free to expand) the lift will change only 1% for 11C superheat with helium and 1% for every 25C superheat with hydrogen. This shows the danger in going from maximum daytime superheat conditions to zero superheat value at night if not properly understood and counteracted. (p) Rule 16 (i) 2.75C superheat will lower the pressure height 360 feet at altitudes below 7 000 feet. (ii) 2.75C superheat will lower the pressure height 400 feet at altitudes above 7 000 feet.

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(q) Rule 17 In ascending under average atmospheric conditions the volume will increase 1% for every 360 feet of ascent in rising to 7 000 feet and increase 1% for every 400 feet above 7 000 feet. (r) Rule 18 In going above pressure height, lift is reduced 1% for every 360 feet below 7000 feet and 1% for every 400 feet when above 7000 feet. (s) Rule 19 1% of the original mass of gas is lost if going 360 feet over pressure height when below 7 000 feet and 1% is lost for every 400 feet ascent above 7 000 feet altitude. (t) Rule 20 If, when full of gas, a weight equivalent to 1% of the lift is thrown over as ballast, equilibrium will be reached when 1% of the gas has been valved. 2.5 2.6 Recall the principle of weighing off and when the procedure is most likely to be carried out. Recall the effect of the following on an airships static heaviness: (a) precipitation; (b) changes in superheat; (c) change of ballast; (d) fuel consumption. Recall how low envelope pressure can influence airship rigidity and therefore structural integrity and high pressure can overstress the envelope material. Recall the effect on superheat of the following: (a) ambient temperature; (b) radiant heat; (c) precipitation. Recall that increasing temperature or pressure increases the porosity of the envelope. Recall how static trim (or static pitch angle) is controlled by the ballonets.
AERODYNAMIC PRINCIPLES

2.7 2.8

2.9 2.10
3

3.1

Match each of the following terms with an appropriate definition: (a) centre of gravity; (b) centre of buoyancy; (c) lift; (d) drag; (e) thrust; (f) aerodynamic lift; (g) static gas lift;
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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

(h) relative airflow; (i) angle of attack. 3.2 Recall how, in level flight, a change in 1 or more of the variables in the lift equation (L = CL V2 S) and the drag equation (L = CD V2 S) will effect the remainder. Recall the function and effect of: (a) an elevator trim; (b) a rudder trim; (c) a mass balance; (d) a horn balance; (e) an inset hinge balance; (f) a servo system of balance; (g) a fixed balance tab; (h) a spring bias on a control surface. Identify statement or diagrams which relate to the following types of stability: (a) positive static stability; (b) negative static stability; (c) neutral static stability; (d) positive dynamic stability; (e) negative dynamic stability; (f) neutral dynamic stability. Recall how positive stability in pitch is derived by the air system operated in automatic aft. Select from a list the statement which best describes the contradiction between stability and controllability. Label a diagram showing the disposition of the static and dynamic lift, weight, thrust and drag forces to achieve equilibrium in straight and level flight.
AIRSHIP GENERAL OPERATING PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES

3.3

3.4

3.5 3.6 3.7

4.1 4.2 4.3

Recall the actions, detailed in the Pilots Operating Handbook, to be taken after pressure height is exceeded. Recall the actions, detailed in the Pilots Operating Handbook, to be taken if envelope pressure is lost. Given specific atmospheric conditions including prevailing weather conditions aerodrome QNH, and static heaviness, state if given aerodrome landing area parameters meet the take-off, landing or mooring requirements. Calculate helium volume of an airship given: (a) total envelope volume; and (b) 100% ballonet volume; and
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(c) percentage fill of each ballonet; and (d) barometric pressure; and (e) helium temperature. 4.5 4.6 Complete a Load Sheet as detailed in the Operations Manual, using given parameters. Recall the effects of the following wind conditions, and the precautions to be taken, when either docking, undocking or manoeuvring an airship in the vicinity of a hangar: (a) down-hangar wind; (b) quartering down-hangar wind; (c) cross-hangar wind; (d) up-hangar wind; (e) quartering up-hangar wind. Match the following terms with their definition: (a) maximum speed for vector operations (VV); (b) minimum control speed(VMC); (c) maximum operating speed(VMO); (d) rough air speed (VRA); (e) maximum static heaviness; (f) maximum static lightness. Calculate for an airship the net lift or buoyancy and the pressure height or ballonet ceiling, given the following parameters: (a) airship total envelope volume; (b) 100% ballonet volume; (c) percentage fill of each ballonet; (d) ground level barometric pressure; (e) ground level dry bulb temperature; (f) humidity; (g) helium temperature; (h) percentage helium purity. Calculate for an airship the ballonet percentage fullness to lift a given load and to reach a given altitude, given the following parameters: (a) airship total volume; (b) 100% ballonet volume; (c) ground level barometric pressure; (d) ground level dry bulb temperature; (e) humidity; (f) helium temperature; (g) percentage helium purity.

4.7

4.8

4.9

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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

APPENDIX II AIRSHIP SYLLABUS FLYING TRAINING

2 PRE-FLIGHT PREPARATION

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

Answer questions relating to the operational use of any airship for which the candidates licence is endorsed, by reference to its flight manual. Conduct a daily inspection using a checklist and make appropriate certification in the maintenance release. Explain how to enter endorsements in the maintenance release. Conduct refuelling operations in accordance with the requirements of CAO 20.9 including checks for contamination. Answer questions relating to knowledge of the fire fighting equipment stationed in the aircraft. Obtain flight authorisation in accordance with the procedures specified in the companys operations manual.
PASSENGER BRIEFING Brief passengers in clear and concise language on:

(a) safety precautions to be taken when approaching and leaving airships on the ground; and (b) flight safety requirements: (i) when and how to fasten seat belts; and (ii) no smoking rule; and (iii) front seat passengers not to interfere with the controls (CAO 20.16.3, subsection 11.1); and (c) emergency exit locations and their operations; and (d) crash landing and emergency exit procedure; and (e) the location and use of survival equipment: (i) fire extinguishers; and (ii) first aid kits; and (iii) water and rations; and (iv) survival radio beacon; and (v) life jackets; and (vi) life rafts.
4 COCKPIT ORGANISATION

4.1

Select those items of documentation required for any particular flight.

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4.2

Organise the required documentation, navigation and flying equipment in such a way that the safe and efficient control of the airship and its navigation is not impaired.
FLIGHT RULES AND PROCEDURES Demonstrate in flight and by written or oral examination knowledge of, and ability to apply:

(a) visual flight rules; and (b) altimetry procedures; and (c) tables of cruising levels: (i) inside controlled airspace; and (ii) outside controlled airspace; and (d) full position reporting procedures; and (e) standard radiotelephony procedures; and (f) departure procedures, climb and cruise procedures and approach and landing procedures from, to and at: (i) uncontrolled aerodromes, and airship landing sites; and (ii) general aviation airports; and (iii) primary airports; and (iv) capital city primary airports; and (v) aerodromes located within aerodrome flight information zones; and (vi) aerodromes located within mandatory broadcast zones; and (g) Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) procedures; and (h) emergency procedures specified in the En Route Supplement (ERS).
6 PILOT NAVIGATION

6.1

Fly and navigate in V.M.C. to the following standard: (a) maintain systematic cycle of navigational activity; (b) make appropriate radiotelephony calls correctly; (c) obtain and observe airways clearances; (d) use correct altimetry procedures; (e) use traffic information; (f) keep a flight log in which is recorded essential navigation information; (g) use accurate DR navigation i.e. planned headings flown until pinpoint obtained then heading and ETA revised by an acceptable method; (h) ensure ETA within 2 minutes of latest ETA; (i) check DI/compass synchronisation regularly; (j) maintain altitude within 100 feet in calm air (allowance will be made for flight in turbulent air but not normally to exceed 250 feet); (k) locate major features, check points and turning points;
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(l) locate minor features on large scale maps by map reading from major to minor features; (m) maintain a good look-out. 6.2 6.3 Demonstrate the ability to make assessments of cloudbase and visibility in flight. Divert from the flight planned route for operational reasons including the avoidance of actual or simulated bad weather. The following standards must be met: (a) observe V.M.C.; (b) initiate sound diversion plan; (c) record essential elements of the plan on the domestic flight plan form or flight log as appropriate; (d) notify amended flight plan to Air Traffic Control or Flight Service; (e) avoidance of restricted areas or controlled airspace unless airways clearance obtained; (f) maintain ETA within 2 minutes after a pinpoint or fix has been obtained; (g) locate turning points and destination; (h) maintain a good look-out; (i) observe alternate aerodrome requirements. Fly and navigate at 500 feet AGL to the following standards: (a) maintain minimum terrain clearance of 500 feet; (b) avoid noise sensitive areas; (c) use terrain features and line features to advantage; (d) locate check features and turning points; (e) avoid hazardous terrain and likely areas of severe turbulence created by lee waves; (f) avoid man-made hazards e.g. wires. Demonstrate the ability to carry out a real or simulated lost procedure if unable to locate check point or destination by ETA 2 minutes. The following sequence of action must be considered: (a) aircraft established in endurance configuration; (b) check made of fuel endurance and, if low, actions considered for a possible precautionary search and landing; (c) intentions notified to Air Traffic Control or Flight Service; (d) check made of flight planned heading and ETA for accuracy; (e) check made of compass and DI accuracy; (f) assessment made of probable track made good; (g) DR position calculated; (h) search made of most probable area; (i) climb made to a higher altitude if necessary to increase map reading range of vision;
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(j) track made to a known prominent feature if unable to pinpoint or fix position, or reciprocal track made good to return to the last fix; (k) assistance sought from Air Traffic Control or Flight Service if required; (l) information gained from radio navaids; (m) precautionary landing plan.
7 ENGINE, FUEL AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT

7.1 7.2 7.3

Set and maintain specified combinations of power, vector and fan RPM. Monitor fuel consumption rates, within the limits of cockpit instrumentation, and revise endurance if necessary. Set and maintain recommended combinations of altitude, airspeed, power and RPM to achieve: (a) maximum range; and (b) maximum endurance. Maintain engine and vector operation and fan RPM within the limits specified in the flight manual and as placarded in the cockpit. Maintain transmission and gear box operation within the limits specified in the flight manual and as placarded in the cockpit. Operate carburettor heat controls, if fitted, in the manner and within the limits specified in the flight manual. Be able to recognise and accurately describe indications of abnormal operation, malfunction or failure of the engine, transmission, and vector systems. Perform emergency engine failure shutdown actions applicable to type in the event of a real or simulated engine failure. Perform emergency actions applicable to type in the event of real or simulated transmission or ancillary systems malfunctions or failures.
FLIGHT OPERATIONS

7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9

8.1 8.2 8.3

Brief the crew chief and crew on the proposed operation. Check that the airship is correctly fuelled and ballasted for the flight, and that the crew chief is advised of the ballast requirements for the various landings. Perform without error: (a) pre-flight checks; and (b) engine start-up, run-up and after-start checks; and (c) completion of the load sheet; and (d) re-trimming as required before unmasting; and (e) move to the weight-off point; and (f) ballasting for take-off after unmasting.

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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

*8.4

Execute a safe and controlled take-off, approach and landing, with the airship in various conditions of static heaviness/lightness and within airship limitations. (Equilibrium and static light landings need only be performed for the issue of a first class endorsement.) Level off from a climb to maintain a nominated altitude to the following standard: (a) maintain altitude within 100 feet; (b) maintain nominated or normal cruising airspeed within 5 knots; (c) maintain heading within 10. Establish and maintain straight and level flight at any specified airspeed and altitude within the flight envelope: (a) maintain airspeed within 5 knots; and (b) maintain altitude within 100 feet; and (c) maintain heading within 10. Establish and maintain cruising flight using recommended combinations of altitude, airspeed, power, fan RPM and use of wind to achieve: (a) maximum range; and (b) turbulence penetration speed. Turn to a specified heading to the following standard: (a) maintain altitude (in level turns) within 100 feet; (b) maintain nominated speed within 5 knots; (c) establish airship on specified final heading within 10. Establish a hover at altitude, using engine power and vector controls to the following standard: (a) maintain altitude within 100 feet; (b) maintain a constant heading 10; (c) cause the nose ropes to hang vertically; (d) maintain airspeed 0 knots. Establish and maintain a descent at the recommended or nominated airspeed to the following standard: (a) maintain airspeed within 5 knots; (b) maintain heading within 10. Make normal steep approaches to the following standard: (a) maintain constant apparent rate of closure; (b) decelerate smoothly to the hover at the recommended or nominated hover height over the designated area. Take-off, climb to circuit height, fly a normal circuit, approach, hover and land to the following standard: (a) maintain nominated airspeeds within 5 knots;
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8.6

8.7

8.8

8.9

8.10

8.11

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(b) (c) (d) (e) 8.13

maintain circuit height within 100 feet; fly accurate circuit pattern and maintain safe separation from other traffic; maintain a good look-out; perform all checks related to circuit flying precisely, without error.

Execute a go round in the event of a misjudged approach, baulked approach or occupied landing area to the following standards: (a) recognise the need to go around and initiate early recovery actions; (b) co-ordinate throttle, and vector controls smoothly; (c) transition safely into the climb; (d) make appropriate trim adjustments; (e) set and maintain climbing speed within 5 knots; (f) maintain heading accurately during the transition into the climb, and within 10 once established in the climb; (g) maintain a good look-out; (h) notify intentions to other traffic, if necessary; (i) position the airship correctly for another approach and landing. Perform, without error, all checks stated in the Pilots Operating Handbook related to flight.
EMERGENCY

8.14
9

9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 *9.6 *9.7 *9.8

10

Execute a safe and controlled simulated engine failure after take-off, as soon as safety considerations permit. Execute without error a practice engine fire drill at a height in excess of 1 000 feet above ground level; Execute, without error, an engine shut-down and restart at a height in excess of 1 000 feet above ground level. Execute a safe and controlled asymmetric powered approach and overshoot. Execute a safe and controlled asymmetric powered landing. Execute a safe and controlled landing, without vectors. Execute a safe and controlled landing, without the use of ballonet fans. Execute a safe and controlled simulated emergency take-off and weigh-off.
POST FLIGHT PROCEDURES AND ADMINISTRATION

10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5

Perform the after landing and masting procedures in a safe and controlled manner. Complete the after landing, masting and post flight checks. Unload the passengers and cargo safely in the designated loading areas. Explain how to report defects on the maintenance release. Calculate daily flying times and enter them correctly on the maintenance release.
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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

APPENDIX III TYPE ENDORSEMENTS FOR AIRSHIPS Part 1 Command gas airship Skyship 600 endorsement Part 2 Co-pilot gas airship Skyship 600 endorsement Part 3 Gas airship Thunder and Colt endorsement Part 4 Hot air airship Cameron endorsement Hot air airship Thunder and Colt endorsement Part 5 American Blimp Corporation A-60 airship

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APPENDIX VI TECHNICAL SYLLABUS FOR TYPE ENDORSEMENT FOR AIRSHIPS Before type endorsement on a type of airship, an applicant shall pass a written technical examination for gas airships or an oral technical examination for hot air airships in accordance with the following syllabus insofar as it is applicable to the particular class and type: (a) fuel system: layout and management, crossfeed system, fuel dumping facilities and conditions, any peculiarities of the particular system, tank capacities, fuel drainage; (b) hydraulic and pneumatic systems: layout and management, source and operating pressures, units and services operated, abnormal operations, auxiliary systems; (c) electrical system: type of system and batteries, number and output of generators/alternators, circuit protection, abnormal operations, electrically operated instruments; (d) oil system: number of tanks and capacities, oil temperature control, warning system; (e) auto pilot or automatic stabilising equipment: principles of operation, preflight and inflight checks for serviceability, various methods of engagement and disengagement, limitations; (f) anti-icing and de-icing: rotors, carburettors, turbine inlets, operation and management of systems; (g) heating and ventilation: operation and management, abnormal and emergency operation, precautions to be observed; (h) pitot-static system: schematic diagram, operation; (i) suction system: schematic diagram, source of suction and operating pressure, instruments operated by system; (j) oxygen system: type of system installed, layout and management, pressure, peculiarities and precautions to be observed; (k) fire extinguisher system: number of fire extinguisher bottles fitted and contents, number, type and location of hand fire extinguishers, parts of airship where fire extinguisher service is available, automatic fire warning devices, engine fire in flight, procedures to be followed, special precautions when operating hand or automatic systems; (l) airframe: construction, normal and emergency exits; (m) undercarriage system: normal and emergency operation; (n) engine (reciprocating or turbine as applicable): manufacturers designated take-off and rated powers, starting order, generator/alternator operations, engine oil specification, supercharger operation on ground and in flight, fuel governing system, interpretation of fuel indicators, torque-meters, oil
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SECTION 40.8.3 Issue 3

(o) (p)

(q) (r) (s) (t)

(u) (v)

and fuel pressure gauges, any special precautions to be observed when operating a particular engine, cockpit controls; transmission: main assembly, accessory drive, clutch system, reduction gearing and free wheel coupling, safety features, lubrication; ballonet system: the controls and indicators, and the procedures employed to control static and dynamic stability of the airship and to adjust its pressure height; gas system: the controls and indicators, and the procedures to control envelope pressure and pressure height; centralised warning system: significance and operation; flight controls: control and trim systems; weight and balance: loading requirements, use of appropriate load charts and/or load schedule, relation of centre of gravity to loading fuel, reference point; airship performance: operation and aerodynamics as applicable; auxiliary systems: hoist, hook etc. as applicable.

Issue 3: 8 December 2004 Amdt No. 263

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Issue 3: 8 December 2004 Amdt No. 263