Before we start- -nym is originated from the Greek word onoma which means name.

Homonyms origin Greek homo same and onoma name One of the surprising things about English language is the way in which it tolerates the existence of homonyms like heroin (first recorded in 1898 and at first pronounced /hi'raum/, stressed on the second syllable), and heroine (first recorded c 1659), with no suggestion that one word is threatening the other. Homonym, a word of the same spelling or sound as another but of different meaning. Homonyms identical in spelling include calf (young bovine animal), derived from Old English caelf, and calf (fleshy hind part of the human leg), derived from Old Norse* kolfi. And those identical in sound but not in spelling include tail (of an animal), derived from OE tsegl; and tale (narrative), derived from OE talu. Examples of the first type are called homographs, and those of the second homophones. So, can we say Homophone is kind of homonyms?
Oxford Dictionary defines homonyms as, Each of two or more words having the same spelling and pronunciation but different meanings and origins. Always remember that it is the function or use that determines to which part of speech a word belongs in a given sentence. Here are few examples:

Word

Part of Speech Definition

Example

Abuse Abuse is extremely rude and insulting things that people say when they are angry.

I was left shouting abuse as the car sped off... Watergate scandal exposed the abuse of power by the

Noun

Nixon government.

Verb

If someone is abused, they are treated cruelly and violently.

Janet had been abused by her father since she was eleven.

Air Noun Air is the mixture of gases which forms the earth's atmosphere and which we breathe. If you air your opinions, you make them known to people. If you air a room or building, you let fresh air into it. Keith opened the window and leaned out into the cold air. The whole issue was thoroughly aired at the meeting. One day a week her mother systematically cleaned and aired each room. I have Rs 10,000 in the bank.

Verb

Bank

Noun

A bank is an institution where people or businesses can keep their money.

Verb

If you bank with a My husband has particular bank, you banked with the SBI have an account since before our with that bank. marriage.

Call

Noun

If there is a call for something, someone demands that it should happen.

There have been calls for a new kind of security arrangement...

Verb

If you call someone or something by a particular name or title, you give them that name or title.

Everybody called each other by their surnames.

Chair

Noun

A chair is a piece of furniture for one person to sit on.

He rose from his chair and walked to the window.

Verb

If you chair a meeting or a committee, you are the person in charge of it. When you conduct an activity or task, you organize it and carry it out. Someone's conduct is the way they behave in particular

He was about to chair a meeting in Venice of EU foreign ministers... I decided to conduct an experiment... He has trouble understanding that other people judge

Conduct

Verb

Noun

situations.

him by his conduct.

Knock

Verb

If you knock on something such as a door or window, you hit it, usually several times, to attract someone's attention. *** If you match something, you are as good as it or equal to it, for example in speed, size, or quality. A match is an organized game of football, tennis, cricket, or some other sport. (mainly BRIT)

She went directly to Simon's apartment and knocked on the door...

Noun Match Verb

They heard a knock at the front door. They played some fine attacking football, but I think we matched them in every respect... He was watching a football match...

Noun

*Norse is the language that was spoken in Scandinavian** countries in medieval times. **Scandinavian means belonging or relating to a group of northern European countries that includes Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, or to the people, languages, or culture of those countries.

Bear (animal) and bear (carry) porter (a weak beer) and porter (a man who carries luggage) lean (thin) and lean (rest against) lap (to drink with tongue) and lap (a circuit) plane (a tool) and plane (a tree) plain (ordinary looking) and plain (flat country) skip (to jump) and skip (to miss out) miss (unmarried woman) and miss (to overlook) pluck (to remove feathers) and pluck (bravery) type (to write via keyboard) and type (a sort) train (a loco and trucks) and train (to teach) fluke (a stroke of luck Fluke ( the fins on a whales tail) bow (bend forward) bow (front of a ship) quail (cower) quail (bird) fair (appearance) fair (reasonable) lie (horizontal position) lie (falsehood or untruth expressed as truth) lead (metal) Lead (start off in front) blue (the color) blue (the feeling of sadness)

One Word Substitution 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. One who is out to subvert a government One who is recovering from illness One who is all powerful One who is present everywhere One who knows everything One who is easily deceived One who does not make mistakes One who can do anything for money One who has no money One who changes sides One who works for free One who loves books One who can speak two languages One who loves mankind One who hates mankind One who looks on the bright side of things One who looks on the dark side of things One who doubts the existence of god Anarchist Convalescent Omnipotent Omnipresent Omniscient Gullible Infallible Mercenary Pauper Turncoat Volunteer Bibliophile Bilingual Philanthropist Misanthrope Optimist Pessimist Agnostic

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58.

One who pretends to be what he is not One incapable of being tired One who helps others Good One who copies from other writers One who hates women One who knows many languages One who is fond of sensuous pleasures One who thinks only of himself One who thinks only of welfare of women One who is indifferent to pleasure or pain One who is quite like a woman One who has strange habits One who speaks less One who goes on foot One who believes in fate One who dies without a Will One who always thinks himself to be ill A Government by the people A Government by a king or queen A Government by the officials A Government by the rich A Government by the few A Government by the Nobles A Government by one Rule by the mob That through which light can pass That through which light cannot pass That through which light can partly pass A sentence whose meaning is unclear A place where orphans live That which cannot be described That which cannot be imitated That which cannot be avoided A position for which no salary is paid That which cannot be defended Practice of having several wives Practice of having several husbands Practice of having one wife or husband Practice of having two wives or husbands That which is not likely to happen

Hypocrite Indefatigable Samaritan Plagiarist Misogynist Polyglot Epicure Egoist Feminist. Stoic Effeminate Eccentric Reticent Pedestrian Fatalist Intestate Valetudinarian Democracy Monarchy Bureaucracy Plutocracy Oligarchy Aristocracy Autocracy Mobocracy Transparent Opaque Translucent Ambiguous Orphanage Indescribable Inimitable Inevitable Honorary Indefensible Polygamy Polyandry Monogamy Bigamy Improbable

59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98.

People living at the same time A book published after the death of its author A book written by an unknown author A life history written by oneself A life history written by somebody else People who work together One who eats too much That which cannot be satisfied One who questions everything A flesh eating animal A grass eating animal One who lives in a foreign country To transfer one's authority to another One who is a newcomer That which is lawful That which is against law One who is unmarried A game in which no one wins A study of man A study of races A study of the body A study of animals A study of birds A study of ancient things A study of derivation of words Murder of a human being Murder of a father Murder of a mother Murder of an brother Murder of an infant Murder of self Murder of the king To free somebody from all blame To write under a different name A thing no longer in use A handwriting that cannot be read Words written on the tomb of a person One who is greedy for money Something that cannot be imitated One who doesn't know how to read and write

Contemporaries Posthumas Anonymous Autobiography Biography Colleagues Glutton Insatiable Cynic Carnivorous Herbivorous Immigrant Delegate Neophyte Legal Illegal Celibate Draw Anthropology Ethnology Physiology Zoology Ornithology Archaeology Etymology Homicide Patricide Matricide Fratricide Infanticide Suicide Regicide Exonerate Pseudonym Obsolete Illegible Epitaph Avaricious Inimitable Illiterate

99. 100. 101. 102.

A person's peculiar habit An animal who preys on other animals Violating the sanctity of a church One who can throw his voice

Idiosyncrasy Predator Sacrilege Ventriloquist

English Vocabulary - One Word Substitutes

Give single words for the following.

1. A person who writes pamphlets is called a -----------------2. A person who looks after his wards is called a ----------------3. An unmarried woman is called a --------------4. A person who plays tricks on others is called a -------------------5. A person who spreads rumors is called a ---------------------6. A person who sells fish is called a --------------------7. A person who writes plays is called a -------------8. A person who makes wheels is called a --------------9. A hastily erected barrier across the street is called a --------------10.A person who leaves in a rented building is called a -------------11.A place where birds are kept is called a ---------------12.A place where monks live is called a -----------------Answers 1. pamphleteer 2. warden 3. spinster 4. trickster 5. rumor-monger 6. fish-monger 7. playwright 8. wheelwright 9. barricade 10.tenant 11.aviary 12.monastery
Accountable: Liable to being called to account, answerable Ambidextrous: Able to use both hands with equal facility Amnesty: A general pardon granted by a government Amphibious: Capable of living both on land and in water Anarchy: Absence of any form of political authority

Animate: Having life Anonymous: Having an unknown or unacknowledged name Antedate: To be of an earlier date than Antidote: A medicine that counteracts the effect of another medicine Antonym:A word having a meaning opposite to that of another word Aquatic: Of animals living in water Aristocracy: Government by the nobles Atheist: One who does not believe in the existence of God Audience: The spectators or listeners assembled at a performance Autobiography: The biography of a person written by that person Autocracy: Government by a single person having unlimited power, despotism Avaricious: Greedy, extremely desirous of wealth Behead: To cut off the head Brittle: Hard but liable to be easily broken Bureaucracy: Government by officials Cannibal: Animal that feeds on its own species Carnivorous: Of animals feeding on flesh Catalogue: An organized, descriptive list of items arranged systematically Centenarian: A person who has attained the ages of 100 years or more Colleagues: A fellow member of a profession Contemporary: Belonging to the same time Convalescence: Gradual return to health and strength after illness Cosmopolitan: Sophisticated so as to be at home in all parts of the world Credulous: Disposed to believe too readily