Air pollution in north cyprus

Abstract
In this project, my aim is to find out about how people think of air pollution . I prepared a questionnaire which consisted of two parts. In the first part, I included the general information and in the second part I included ten questions which I collected the answers from the public. Thirty people participated in this project and as a result I found out the opinion of what people think about air pollution .

KEYWORDS ; air pollution, smoke, health

INTRODUCTION
The aim of this project is to find out the opinion of what the public thinks about air pollution. Air pollution is the contamination of the atmosphere due to the release of toxic substances such as noxious gases and very tiny particles, usually as a result of the burning of fossil fuels. Such noxious gases include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide( _(2005)) . Results of three prospective cohort studies have suggested that long-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution is associated with increased mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular disease and from lung cancer (Dockery DW, Pope CA III, Xu X, et al(1993)). In the sentence above it mentions that if you are not protected from air polution, then you will have serious health problems leading to cancer and diseases like heavy as cancer. The mortality associations are consistent with evidence that long-term exposure to air pollution causes chronic respiratory disease(Pope CA III, Dockery DW, Schwartz J.(1995)). We can see that air polution is a threat to us in our live . ( Hoek G, Forsberg B, Borowska M, et al.(1997))Black smoke and nitrogen dioxide are thus used asindicators of traffic related air pollution, but not necessarily the components causally related to mortality. Black smoke is a major problem in air pollution . In north cyprus there is a high vehicle population , for this reason it could be counted for one of the resons of pollution in the island.

Depending on the situation and pollutant, the pollution actually inhaled by people may be significantly higher or lower than indicated by, even nearby, ambient monitors ( _ (1990)). We can reduce air polution by controling things which effects it to rise. Control can be achieved by enhancing building ventilation, no-smoking zones, smoking bans, and so on, control efforts that may not change emissions at all, but still greatly reduce exposures (Ott, W. R. 1990). As a result ive done my research about my topic and i will explain the frequencys of the questionaire ive done.

METHOD
This project involved a questionnaire which was completed by 30 civilians. The questionnaire arised from a table which included ten questions and five options which the participants were to choose from. The options were totally agree, partially agree, neither agree or disagree, partially disagree and totally disagree. The participants marked the options which were suitable for them in terms of use. The questions used in this study were; 1 Air pollution is high in north cyprus because of high vehicle population. 2 Indoor air pollution occurs as a result of people performing up to 90% of their activities indoors. 3 Air pollution is effecting our ordinary climate. 4 Are health is effected by the polluted air we breath. 5 Air pollution can effect are nerve cells which causes us to show temper. 6 Exposure to air pollutants may lead to shortterm effects such as reduced visibility and headaches. 7 Politicians are not interested with air pollution because its a nonprofit job. 8 Air pollution rised in north cyprus because of deforestation. 9 The high usage of cigarettes is a main factor of air pollution. 10 - Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution may shorten life expectancy.

Findings
After data was collected from the questionnaire, the results were converted into percentage form and listed in a grid. When we check the personel information section of the questionnaire, we can see in the nation section that sixty percent of our participants are turkish cypriots while thirtyseven percent is turkish and only three percent choose the other option. In this questionaire males were seventy percent while on the other hand the females were just thirty percent. The participants were young while fiftythree percent were aged between seventeen to twentyfour and thirtyseven percent was from twentyfive to forty. The participants were eighty percent single therefore we could see that this was because most of the participants were young. Sixty percent went to university or still is going, followed by senior secondary with twentyseven precent. The monthly salary between sevenhundred to twothousand was seventyfour percent while both twothousandone to threethousandfivehoun -dred and threethousandfivehundredandone to sixthousand was thirteen percent. After we have checked the personal information section ,now we can analyze the next section which is the main questions of the questionaire. In the first question people agree that there is a high vehicle populatin in cyprus by saying forty percent tottaly agree and fiftythree percent partially agree, while only seven percent says neither. On the second question fiftythree percent of the people partially agree that indoor air pollution occurs because of people performing most of their activities indoors, with thirty percent of totally agree supporting this answer. Sixtythree percent says partially agree to the question air pollution effects our ordinary climate, twenty percent says totally agree, so seventeen percent is left for neither. In the question air pollution is effecting are nerve cells people mostly choose neither with forty percent ,thirtyseven percent partially agree, twenty percent partially disagree and only three percent say totally agree. On the question exposure to air pollutants may lead to shot term effects people choose neither mostly again with fiftythree percent, followed by partially agree with forty percent and totally agree with only seven percent. In the question were i said politicians are not interested with air pollution, almost every one agreed with fity percent totally agree and fortyseven partially agree with only one person saying neither which is three percent. Sixtyseven percent of the participants partially agree that air pollution in cyprus rised because of deforestation, while twenty percent totally agree ten percent neither and three percent saying partially agree. People also think that cigarettes are a main factor of air pollution. Fortyseven percent say partially agree, foty percent say totally agree while on the other side thirteen percent

say neither. People partially agree with fortyseven percent saying that long term exposure to traffic related air pollution may shorten life expectancy, however thirtyseven said neither to this answer with sixteen percent saying totally agree. In the table below you can see the descriptive statistics;
Descriptive Statistics N Air pollution is high in north cyprus because of high vehicle population. Indoor air pollution occurs as a result of people performing up to 90% of their activities indoors. Air pollution is effecting our ordinary climate. Are health is effected by the polluted air we breath. Air pollution can effect are nerve cells which causes us to show temper. Exposure to air pollutants may lead to shortterm effects such as reduced visibility and headaches. Politicians are not interested with air pollution because its a nonprofit job. Air pollution rised in north cyprus because of deforestation. The high usage of cigarettes is a main factor of air pollution. Long-term exposure to trafficrelated air pollution may shorten life expectancy. Valid N (listwise) 30 30 1,00 3,00 2,2000 ,71438 30 1,00 3,00 1,7333 ,69149 30 1,00 4,00 1,9667 ,66868 30 1,00 3,00 1,5333 ,57135 30 1,00 3,00 2,4667 ,62881 30 1,00 4,00 2,7667 ,81720 30 1,00 3,00 2,1000 ,66176 30 1,00 3,00 1,9667 ,61495 30 1,00 5,00 1,9667 ,92786 30 Minimum 1,00 Maximum 3,00 Mean 1,6667 Std. Deviation ,60648

CONCLUSION
To conclude, air pollution is a threat to us in our lifes, so as a result we saw the oppinion of different genders and ages. We can see that people mostly agree with the problems we have, but we must remember that This research is based on the public with only thirty people participating , meaning that the results can change.

REFERENCES
Dockery DW, Pope CA III, Xu X, et al. An association between air pollution and mortality in six US cities. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 175359. Pope CA III, Dockery DW, Schwartz J. Review of epidemiological evidence of health effects of particulate air pollution. Inhal Toxicol 1995; 7: 118. Hoek G, Forsberg B, Borowska M, et al. Wintertime PM10 and black smoke concentrations across Europe: results from the PEACE study. Atmos Environ 1997; 31: 360922. UN Econ. Soc. Comm. Asia Pacific (ESCAP). 1990. State of the Environ-ment in Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok: United Nations Ott, W. R. 1990. Total human expo-sure: Basic concepts, EPA field studies, and future research needs. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 40(7):966-75 www.nlb.gov.sg (2005)