Previous Years Public Exam Questions

Bio-Botany Section-B (3 marks)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. What is a type specimen? Define tautonym. Give example.(3) What is binomial nomenclature? Give example. Write the objectives of classification of plants.(2) Any 3 merits of Bentham & Hooker's classification. Explain author citation with example.(2) Write the botanical names of (a) Tapioca & (b) Castor. What are the aims of biosystematics? Mention the fibre yielding plants of Malvaceae.(2) Mention the binomials of any 3 medicinal plants in Solanaceae and state their useful parts. Write any 3 points comparing the androecium of Malvaceae & Solanaceae. Draw foral diagram for female flower of Ricinus communis. Write the systematic position of potato family. Write the systematic position of Musaceae. What are the different types of inflorescences seen in Euphorbiaceae? Give example for each.(2) Draw foral diagram of Allium cepa. Any 3 characteristics of meristematic cells. What are passage cells? Mention their functions.(3) Differentiate sclereids from fibres. Draw diagram for Brachysclereids.(3) What are Brachysclereids? Give example. Explain bicollateral vascular bundle with example. Draw the diagram of bicollateral vascular bundle.(2) Any 3 differences between the vascular bundles of dicot stem & monocot stem. Draw the open vascular bundle. Draw the structure of parenchyma. Draw the diagram for Lacunate collenchyma. Draw the diagram for angular collenchyma. Describe any 2 types of collenchyma. Explain exarch & enadarch xylem with examples. Any 3 anatomical differences between monocot root & dicot root. Draw the ground plan for T.S of Sunflower stem. Draw the ground plan for T.S of dicot root. Write in 3 sentences about the mesophyll of dicot leaf. Draw the structure of chromosomes.(4) Draw different types of chromosomes based on shape & position of centromere. Draw the polytene chromosome.(3) Draw the acrocentric chromosome. Draw the structure of t-RNA.(3) What is splicing? What is restriction endonuclease? What is inoculation? Write about the structure of ATP. What is PEG? Write its role. List the important tissue culture centres in India. List down any 3 Biotechnology centres in India. Write any 3 transgenic dicotyledonous plants. Write any 3 transgenic monocot plants. Define SCP. Give an example. Mention the names of any 3 algae used for SCP production. How do bacteria protect themselves from the attack of viruses?

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Name the enzymes involved in the making of a DNA hybrid. Any 2 unique facets of Bio-patency. What is bio-piracy? Give an example.(2) Write any 3 benefits obtained by the release of genetically modified organisms into the environment. Is it possible to shorten the time of crop maturity? Support your answer. What are dimorphic chloroplasts? What is photolysis of water?.(5) List the photosynthetic pigments. Write the chain of electron carriers in electron transport system. Define respiratory quotient.(2) The respiratory quotient of carbohydrate molecule is one. How? The respiratory quotient of glucose in anaerobic respiration is infinity. Give reasons. Differences between photorespiration & dark respiration.(3) Write the role of the enzymes in respiration: (a) Aldolase & (b) Succinyl CoA synthetase. What is photophosphorylation? State the conditions under which cyclic photophosphorylation occurs.(3) Write the role of aconitase in Kreb's cycle. What is C2 cycle? What are the 3 stages of sigmoid curve? Explain long day plants & short day plants with examples. Explain total parasite plant with example. What is Richmond-Lang effect?(3) Any 3 physiological effects of gibberllin. Define fermentation. What is heterosis? Define bolting.(2) What are biomedicines? Give an example. What are edible interferons? What is humulin?(2) What is soil reclamation? What are insectivorous plants? Give an example. Define Bio-medicine.(2) What are the 3 classes of seeded plants? Define Eustele. What is rice bran oil? Write any 2 uses of it.

Section-C (5 marks)
Importance of Herbarium.(4) [C] Any 5 significances of Herbarium.(2) [C] Any 5 salient features of ICBN.(3) [C] Discuss the outline of Bentham & Hooker's classification of plants. [C] Phylogenetic system of classification. Economic importance of members of Malvaceae.(2) [C] Various types of androecium of Fabaceae. Short note on Bio-patent. Define meristem. What are its different kinds based on location? Classification of meristem with diagram.(2) The structure of concentric vascular bundles with examples. Differenciate the vascular bundles of dicot stem from that of monocot stem. Anatomical differences between monocot root & dicot root. Explain 2 types of collenchyma with diagram & examples. Structure of sieve elements.(3) Short notes on vessels. Sketch of anatomy of Sunflower leaf. Draw the transverse section of a dicot leaf.(2) Short notes on structure of chromosome.

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Describe the structure of polytene & lampbrush chromosomes with diagrams. Draw & label the structure of special types of chromosomes. Explain the special types of chromosomes with diagram. Frederick Griffith experiment in Diplococcus pneumoniae. Describe the structure of tRNA. Short notes on gene mutation.(2) Significances of mutation.(2) Short notes on mutagenic agents. Significances of ploidy. Explain allopolyploidy eith an example. How is DNA cut?(3) Any 5 aims of plant breeding.(4) What is tissue culture? What is the basic concept of it? Briefly mention the basic concept involved in plant tissue culture. Any 5 outcomes of application of plant tissue culture. Describe with diagrams the action of restriction enzyme. How are foreign genes introduced into plants? Write about the electroporation & gene gun methods of introducing foreign genes into plants . Define SCP. Write its uses. Give an account of SCP. Enzymatic method of isolation of protoplasts. Structure of chloroplast with diagram. [C] Any 5 significances of photosynthesis. Explain the different phases of growth with sigmoid curve. Cyclic photophosphorylation. Differences between Cyclic & Non-Cyclic photophosphorylation.(2) Explain respiratory quotient. Draw C4 cycle. Kuhne's fermentation experiment with diargam.(2) [C] Ganang's respiroscope experiment.(2) Lever auxanometer experiment.(2) Test tube funnel experiment. Differences between C3 & C4 pathways. [C] Significances of pentose phosphate pathway.(2) What is antibiotic? Write any 2 names of antibiotics. State their uses. Short note on vernalization. Any 5 physiological effects of ethlene.(2) Any 5 physiological effects of cytokinin. Write a note on plant introduction. Give an account of mutadenic agents. Brief account on tikka disease of groundnut. What is single cell protein? State any three uses of it. Explain the steps involved in the production of human insulin by a bacterial cell with diagram. Describe Vanda. Short notes on photosynthetic pigments. Write a note on microbes in medecine. Economic importance of Teak. Economic importance of groundnut. Economic importance of cotton. Any 5 benefits of biofertilizers. Short note on insectivorous plant.

Section-D (10 marks)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Bentham & Hooker's classification of plants with flow chart. Hibiscus rasasinesis in technical terms.(2) Allium cepa in technical terms.(2) Datura metal in technical terms.(4) Ricinus communis in botanical terms.(2) Musa paradisiaca in technical terms. Anatomical differences between dicotledonous stem & monocotyledonous stem.(3) Primary structure of monocot stem.(2) Anatomy of dicot leaf. Describe the transverse section of a dicot leaf. Describe the internal structure of a dicot leaf. Anatomy of dicot stem with diagram. Anatomy of monocot root with diagram. Essay on Xylem tissues. Describe the 4 types of cells found in phloem tissues. Basic techniques of plant tissue culture.(5) Essay on plant tissue culture. Give an account of single cell protein. Essay on transgenic plants. Essay on DNA recombinant technology. a) Any 5 physiological effects of auxin.(3) b) Any 2 types of heterotrophic nutrition in angiosperms with examples. Describe the process of protoplasmic fussion with diagrams. Light reactions of photosynthesis. Kerb's cycle.(2) Calvin's cycle. Draw C4 cycle. Essay on photorespiration or C2 cycle. What is Glycolysis? Explain the steps involved in it.(2) Write an account of Glycolysis. Hatch & Slack pathway of CO2 fixation in plants.

Bio-Zoology Section-B (3 marks)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Symptoms of pellagra. Symptoms of Marasmus. What is optometry? Different types of Hernia. What is Rheumatic arthritis? Any 3 functions of Cerebrospinal fluid. What is Kwashiorkor? Mention its symtoms. What is Cataract? Mention its types.(2) Identify 2 reasons for cataract. List out the essential amino acids.(2) Classify monosaccharides. Define Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). What is obesity? What is Angiogram? What is Vasectomy? What is corpus luteum? Functions of corpus luteum. Write 3 phases of Menstrual cycle. What is PUFA? Give an example. Characteristics of Osteomalacia. What is Hering-Breuer Reflex?(2)

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What is ameobiasis? What is proteomics? What is continuous cell line culture? Write notes on Gastroenteritis. Write the crowning achievements of Louis Pasteur. Various Morphological features of bacteria. Enumerate the methods of diagnosis of AIDS. Symptoms of cholera. Define Zoonoses. What are haptens?(2) What is meant by Chicken Embryo Technique? Symptoms of sickle cell anaemia. Define recombinant DNA. Any 3 uses of recombinant DNA technology. List out the names of any 3 oncogenic viruses. Define antigen. Any 2 functions of antibiotics. Main functions of free antibodies.(2) Mention any 2 pathogenic protozoans. What is anaphylaxis? What is phagocytosis?Mention the most important phagocytes. How are macrophages acting as a phagocytic barrier? How do Interferrons act as physiological barrier in our body? What is the primary function of the Thymus? How is the multiple sclerosis formed? Name the secondary lymphoid organs. Mention the clinical manifestations of Thalassemia.(2) Distinguish between paratope & epitope. Name the 5 classes of immunoglobulins. Any 3 unique features of immunity. Define Cell Mediated Immunity (CMI). When do auto-immune diseases occur? Give an example. What is meant by Diploid cell strain?(2) Write short note on haplotype. Define Xenograft. What is gene therapy? Name the 2 types of gene therapy.(2) Differentiate somatic cell gene therapy from germ line cell gene therapy. What is called pedigree analysis? What is pedigree chart? Comment on L chain of immunoglobulin. Differentiate active adaptive immunity from passive adaptive immunity. Any 3 preventive measures of graft rejection. Any 2 uses of Karyotyping of Human Chromosomes.(3) What is Protein Data Bank? What is cDNA? What is DNA library?(3) What is Karyogram? What is pedigree analysis? What is differentiation? Mention the names of genetic diseases. What are superbugs? Mention any 1 use of them. Significance of superbugs. Uses of transfected cells.(2) Define bio-informatics. What is a database in bio-informatics? What is bio-remediation?

78. Define cloning. 79. Merits of cloning. 80. Any 2 demerits of cloning. 81. What is known as global warming? 82. Any 3 causes of global warming. 83. What is green house effect? 84. Advantages of solar energy. 85. Effects of ozone depletion. 86. What are ozone depleting substances? 87. The future source of power is Hydrogen. Why? 88. What is meant by seeding of clouds? 89. What is non-biodegradable waste? Give an example. 90. Define Biodiversity. 91. What are biomedical wastes? How are they disposed of? 92. Mention any 2 Biosphere reserves in Tamil Nadu.(2) 93. Mention any 3 Biosphere reserves in India. 94. List out the different types of diseases of cattle. 95. How will you identify a healthy cattle? 96. Control and preventive measures of cow-pox diseases.(2) 97. What is milk fever? What are its symptoms? 98. Any 2 types of milk fever. 99. Precautions & first aid for milk fever? 100. Any 3 characteristics of Jersey breed. 101. Important points to be considered during selection of eggs for hatching.(2) 102. What is artificial insemination? 103. Advantages of artificial insemination in cattle?(3) 104. Characteristic features of Aseel breed of fowl. 105. Define Gene pool. 106. What is Computed Tomography Scan? 107. Any 2 uses of C.T. 108. Uses of stethoscope. 109. Uses of sphygmamanometer. 110. Define bottleneck effect. 111. Advantages of autoanalyser.(2) 112. Disadvantages of autoanalyser. 113. State Hardy-Weinberg law.(2) 114. State Germ plasm theory.(3) 115. Define Pangenesis theory.(2) 116. What is meant by survival of the fittest? 117. Define First law of Lamarck. Write one example. 118. What is artificial pacemaker?(2) 119. How does allopatric species differ from sympatric species?

Section-C (5 marks)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Various types of memory. Different types of bone fracture.(2) Give an account of origin & conduction of heartbeat. Explain briefly right & left brain concept. Draw the V.S of human eye & label the parts. Explain the eye defects short sight & long sight. Give an account of root-canal treatment.(2) Describe the process of absorption & assimilation of digested food. Functions of skin. Mechanism of blood clotting. Steps involved in the preparation of bacteriological media. Write a note on 2 bacterial diseases in man.

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Write a notes on sexually transmitted bacterial diseases in man. Write a note on 2 viral diseases in man. Write the pathogen, symptoms & mode of transmission of Rabies & Cholera. Enumerate the adaptations of pathogenic microbes. Applications of pathogenic microbes. Control & management of AIDS. Symptoms of AIDS defined by WHO.(2) Structure of HIV virus. Short note on viral diseases in man. Short note on activation of adaptive immunity. [C] Short note on antibody mediated immunity. [C] Draw a labelled diagram of Immunoglobulin (IgG). [C] Structure of Immunoglobulin with diagram. [C] Give an account of immunodeficiency diseases. [C] What are the symptoms of graft rejection?(3) [C] What is organ transplantation? Classify the types of graft. [C] Describe the types of grafts. [C] Short notes on genetic basis of organ transplants. [C] What are the symptoms of Allograft rejection? Write down the measures adoptedin clinical field to prevent graft rejection. [C] Uses of recombinant DNA technology.(2) Write a note on scope of Bio-informatics.(2) Short note on Huntington's Chorea. Ethical problems of cloning.(2) What is a Glowing Coal? What are the uses of it? Significance & benefits of Human Genome Project (HGP). Describe the Karyotyping of Human Chromosomes. Symbolic representation of pedigree chart. What is database? What are its types? Give an account of different types of species. Explain speciation. Explain pre-mating isolation. What are the 3 types of selection process in Natural Selection? Explain. Describe the modern concepts of natural selection. Short note on Neo-Lamarckism. Objectives to Darwinism. Write a detailed account on Population Genetics. Describe Polymorphism. Describe Sewall-Wright effect. Write the role of gene drift in evolution. What are the conditions under which Hardy-Weinberg law operates?

Section-D (10 marks)

Define bone fracture & explain the different types of bone fracture. Essay on Vitamins. Essay on Myocardial infarction. Describe the origin & conduction of heartbeat & cardiac cycle. Enumerate the events involved in the function of the human heart. Enumerate the various eye defects. Comment on corrective measures.(2) Explain the process of inspiration & expiration. Mechanism of breathing with proper illustration.(2) Explain the process of pulmonary respiration with diagram. Explain the types of hearing loss & the correcting measures adopted. Mechanism of urine formation.(2) Essay on menstrual cycle. What is meant by Diabetes mellitus? Describe its symptoms, types & causes.

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Explain th digestive process taking place in small intestine. Structure of skeletal muscle with simple diagram.(2) Physiological effects of insulin & glucagon. Explain the importance of Pancreas as an endocrine gland. Explain how adrenal medulla functions as an endocrine gland. Structure & functions of thyroid gland with diagram. Comment on various schemes suggested by the National Family Welfare Programmes & their importance. What is known as energy crisis? What are the steps taken to solve energy crisis? (2) Ozone as a natural sun block - Discuss and also list out the ways of preventing ozone depletion.(2) Global warming is th direct result of Greenhouse effect. Discuss the statement. What related problems do we foresee? Give an account on importance of biodiversity conservation, consequences of losing biodiversity & strategies that are adopted to conserve biodiversity. Essay about Fresh Water Management.(2) Give an account on poverty. How will you manage hazardous wastes? Essay on non-hazardous solid waste management. How are reuse & recycling techniques useful in management of solid wastes? Add a note on waste water treatment & management. Give an account of the structural aspects of fish farm & explain any 2 edible fishes in Tamil Nadu. Detailed account on the preparation of fish pond & its maintenance. How will you classify cattle based on their purpose?Give 2 examples for each. What are the various techniques adopted in cattle breeding? What are the techniques adopted in cattle breeding? Write a short note on the exotic breeds of cattle. Give an account of origin, distribution, characters & milk production of diary breeds. Essay on common diseases of cattle. Detailed account on the contagious diseases of cattle. Important stages or steps in rearing of chickens. Stages involved in the rearing of poultry. What is CT scanner? Write the advantages & uses of CT scanner. Describe P,Q,R,S,T waves. Essay on Electrocardiogram (ECG).