Abstract

Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. The main goal of such a mobile ad hoc routing protocol is to establish and maintain a correct and efficient route between the pair of nodes so that they can communicate with each other. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid.

In this work an attempt has been made to compare the performance of five routing protocols for MANETs: - AODV, DSR, FSR, LAR1 and WRP. As per our findings, the differences in the protocol mechanism lead to significant performance differentials for all of these protocols.

The performance differentials are analyzed using two scenarios i.e. variable pause time and variable number of nodes. We used random waypoint mobility model and uniform node placement strategy to design the network and performed simulation by using GloMoSim version 2.03 simulator. The results presented in this work illustrate the importance of carefully implementing and evaluating routing protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc environment.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 14 17 18

1.1.2 Overview of Routing Protocol for MANETs 1.1.2.1 Proactive Routing Protocols 1.1.2.2 Reactive Routing Protocols 1.1.2.3 Hybrid Routing Protocols 1.2 Problem Statement

2. SYSTEM DESIGN 2.1 Description of Routing Protocol 2.1.1 Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing

2.1.2 Dynamic Source Routing 2.1.3 Fisheye State Routing 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.2 Location-Aided Routing Wireless Routing Protocol

Simulation Model 2.2.1 GloMoSim; A network Simulator for MANET 2.2.2 The traffic and Mobility Model

2.3

Performance Metrics 2.3.1 Packet Delivery Ratio 2.3.2 Throughput 2.3.3 Average End-to-End Delay

3. IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS 3.1 3.2 Implementation Result and Discussion 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 Packet Delivery Ratio Throughput Average End-to-End Delay

4. CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES

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List of Figures

Fig. 1.1 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

Description Topology changes in Ad hoc Networks Link State Information Propagation in a Periodical Fashion Packet Delivery Ratio based on variable pause time Packet Delivery Ratio based on variable No. of Nodes Throughput based on variable pause time Throughput based on variable No. of Nodes

Page No. 1 6 11 12 13 13 14 14 15 15

3.5(a) Average end-to-end delay based on variable pause time including LAR 3.5(b) Average end-to-end delay based on variable pause time excluding LAR 3.6(a) Average end-to-end delay based on variable No. of Nodes including LAR 3.6(b) Average end-to-end delay based on variable No. of Nodes excluding LAR

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List of Tables
Tables Description Page No.

Table 3.1 Table 3.2

Simulation parameters for Scenario 1 Simulation parameters for Scenario 2

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