Chapter 8: The Binomial and Geometric Distributions

1.An airplane has a front door and a rear door that are both opened to allow passengers to exit when the plane lands. The plane has 100 passengers seated. The number of passengers exiting through the front door should have a binomial distribution with mean 50. a binomial distribution with 100 trials but success probability not equal to 0.5. a binomial distribution with 50 trials but success probability not equal to 0.5. a normal distribution with a standard deviation of 5. none of the above distributions. 2.A small class has 10 students. Five of the students are male and five are female. I write the name of each student on a 3-by-5 card. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I choose one at random, observe the name of the student, and replace it in the set. The cards are thoroughly reshuffled and I again choose a card at random, observe the name, and replace it in the set. This is done a total of four times. Let X be the number of cards observed in these four trials with a name corresponding to a male student. The random variable X has which of the following probability distributions? The normal distribution with mean 2 and variance 1. The binomial distribution with parameters n = 4 and p = 0.5. The binomial distribution with parameters n = 4 and p = 0.1. The uniform distribution on 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. None of the above. 3.For which of the following counts would a binomial probability model be reasonable? The number of traffic tickets written by each police officer in a large city during one month. The number of hearts in a hand of five cards dealt from a standard deck of 52 cards that has been thoroughly shuffled. The number of 7s in a randomly selected set

A) B) C) D) E)

A) B) C) D) E)

A) B) C)

D) E)

of five random digits from a table of random digits. The number of phone calls received in a onehour period. All of the above. 4.A set of 10 cards consists of five red cards and five black cards. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I choose one at random, observe its color, and replace it in the set. The cards are thoroughly reshuffled and I again choose a card at random, observe its color, and replace it in the set. This is done a total of four times. Let X be the number of red cards observed in these four trials. The mean of X is A) 4. B) 2. C) 1. D) 0.5. E) 0.1. 5.A set of 10 cards consists of five red cards and five black cards. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I choose six of them at random. Let X be the number of red cards observed in the six chosen. The random variable X has which of the following probability distributions? The normal distribution with mean 3 and variance 1.22. The binomial distribution with parameters n = 6 and p = 0.5. A skewed right distribution. The uniform distribution on 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. None of the above. 6.If X is binomial with parameters n = 9 and p = 1/3, the mean X of X is A) 6. B) 3. C) 2. D) 1.414. E) 1.732. 7.If X is binomial with parameters n = 9 and p = 1/3, the standard deviation X of X is A) 6. B) 3. C) 2. D) 1.414. E) 1.732. 8.In a certain game of chance, your chances of winning are 0.2. If you play the game five times and outcomes are independent, the probability that you win at most once is A) 0.0819. B) 0.2. C) 0.3277. D)

A) B) C) D) E)

0.4096.

E) 0.7373.

9.In a certain game of chance, your chances of winning are 0.2. If you play the game five times and outcomes are independent, the probability that you win all five times is A) 1. B) 0.6723. C) 0.3277. D) 0.04. E) 0.00032. 10.In a certain game of chance, your chances of winning are 0.2. You play the game five times and outcomes are independent. Suppose it costs $1 to play the game each time. Each time you win, you receive $4 (for a net gain of $3). Each time you lose, you receive nothing (for a net loss of $1). Your expected winnings for five plays are A) $3. B) $1. C) $0. D) $1. E) $2. Use the following to answer questions 11 through 13: A survey asks a random sample of 1500 adults in Ohio if they support an increase in the state sales tax from 5% to 6%, with the additional revenue going to education. Let X denote the number in the sample that say they support the increase. Suppose that 40% of all adults in Ohio support the increase. 11.The mean of X is A) 5%. B) 0.40. E) 600. C) 0.75. D) 40.

12.The standard deviation of X is A) 360. B) 40. C) 24.49. E) 8.44.

D) 18.97.

13.The probability that X is more than 750 is A) less than 0.0001. B) about 0.1. C) 0.3372. D) 0.4602. E) 0.5. 14.A fair coin (one for which both the probability of heads and the probability of tails are 0.5) is tossed six times. The probability that less than 1/3 of the tosses are heads is A) 0.33. B) 0.2061. C) 0.109. D) 0.09. E) 0.0043. 15.A fair coin (one for which both the probability of heads and the probability of tails are 0.5) is tossed 60 times. The

probability that less than 1/3 of the tosses are heads is A) 0.33. B) 0.109. C) 0.09. D) 0.034. E) 0.005. 16.Suppose we select an SRS of size n = 100 from a large population having proportion p of successes. Let X be the number of successes in the sample. For which value of p would it be safe to assume the distribution of X is approximately normal? A) 0.01. B) 0.05. C) 1/9. D) 0.975. E) 0.9999. 17.In a test of ESP (extrasensory perception), the experimenter looks at cards that are hidden from the subject. Each card contains a star, a circle, a wavy line, or a square. An experimenter looks at each of 100 cards in turn, and the subject tries to read the experimenters mind and name the shape on each card. What is the probability that the subject gets more than 30 correct if the subject does not have ESP and is just guessing? A) 0.3100. B) 0.2500. C) 0.1251. D) 0.0625. E) Less than 0.0001. 18.A multiple-choice exam has 100 questions, each with five possible answers. If a student is just guessing at all the answers, the probability that he or she gets more than 30 correct is A) 0.3100. B) 0.2000. C) 0.1587. D) 0.1020. E) 0.0062. 19.Suppose X is binomial with parameters n = 9 and p = 1/3. The probability that X is either 0 or 1 is A) 0.6667. B) 0.3333. C) 0.1431. D) 0.1111. E) less than 0.0001. 20.Suppose X is binomial with parameters n = 6 and p = 2/3. The probability that X is at least 5 is A) 0.6667. B) 0.4444. C) 0.3512. D) 0.2634. E) 0.0878. Use the following to answer questions 21 and 22:

There are 20 multiple-choice questions on an exam, each having possible responses a, b, c, or d. Suppose a student guesses the answer to each question, and the guesses from question to question are independent. Let X be the number of questions for which the student has the same answer as the person sitting next to him on his right. A) B) C) D) E) 21.The distribution of X is binomial with parameters n = 20 and p = 0.2. binomial with parameters n = 20 and p = 0.25. binomial with parameters n = 4 and p = 0.25. binomial with parameters n = 40 and p = 0.25. impossible to determine unless the student sitting next to him is also guessing. 22.The probability that X is zero is closest to A) 0.0001. B) 0.0032. C) 0.0243. D) 0.2373. E) 0.3277. 23.A college basketball player makes 80% of his free throws. At the end of a game, his team is losing by two points. He is fouled attempting a three-point shot and is awarded three free throws. Assuming free throw attempts are independent, what is the probability that he makes at least two of the free throws? A) 0.896. B) 0.80. C) 0.64. D) 0.512. E) 0.384. 24.A college basketball player makes 5/6 of his free throws. Assuming free throw attempts are independent, the probability that he makes exactly three of his next four free throws is A) EMBED Unknown. B) EMBED Unknown. C) EMBED Unknown. D) EMBED Unknown. E) EMBED Unknown . 25.Suppose we roll a fair die 10 times. The probability that an even number occurs exactly the same number of times as an odd number in the 10 rolls is A) 0.1667. B) 0.2461. C) 0.3125. D) 0.4922. E) 0.5000. 26.A fair die is rolled 12 times. The number of times an even number occurs on the 12 rolls

A) B) C) D) E)

has a binomial distribution with a mean of 2. a binomial distribution with a standard deviation of 3. a binomial distribution with a mean of 0.5. a binomial distribution with a mean of 6 and a standard deviation of 3. none of the above distributions. 27.A college basketball player makes 80% of his free throws. Over the course of the season he will attempt 100 free throws. Assuming free throw attempts are independent, the probability that the number of free throws he makes exceeds 80 is approximately A) 0.2000. B) 0.2266. C) 0.4602. D) 0.5000. E) 0.7734. 28.A college basketball player makes 80% of his free throws. Over the course of the season he will attempt 100 free throws. Assuming free throw attempts are independent, what is the probability that he makes at least 90 of these attempts? A) 0.90. B) 0.72. C) 0.2643. D) 0.0202. E) 0.0062. 29.Which of the following random variables is geometric? The number of phone calls received in a onehour period. The number of cards I need to deal from a deck of 52 cards that has been thoroughly shuffled so that at least one of the cards is a heart. The number of digits I will read beginning at a randomly selected starting point in a table of random digits until I find a 7. The length of time a traffic light must be green so that 5 cars can make a left turn. All of the above. 30.A small class has 10 students. Five of the students are male and five are female. I write the name of each student on a 3-by-5 card. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I choose one at random, observe the name of the student, and replace it in the set. The cards are thoroughly reshuffled and I again

A) B)

C) D) E)

A) B) C) D) E)

choose a card at random, observe the name, and replace it in the set. Let X be the number of cards observed until I get one with a name corresponding to a male student. The random variable X has which of the following probability distributions? A normal distribution with mean 0.5. The geometric distribution with probability of success 0.1. A uniform distribution. The geometric distribution with probability of success 0.5. A binomial distribution with p = 0.5. 31.A set of 10 cards consists of five red cards and five black cards. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I turn cards over, one at a time, beginning with the top card. Let X be the number of cards I turn over until I observe the first red card. The random variable X has which of the following probability distributions? A normal distribution with mean 5. A binomial distribution with p = 0.5. A hypergeometric distribution with probability of success 0.5. The geometric distribution with probability of success 0.5. None of the above distributions. 32.Suppose X has a geometric distribution with probability 0.3 of success and 0.7 of failure on each observation. The probability that X is equal to 4 is A) 0.0081. B) 0.0189. C) 0.0720. D) 0.1029. E) 0.2401. 33.A college basketball player makes 80% of her free throws. Suppose this probability is the same for each free throw she attempts, and free throw attempts are independent. The probability that she doesnt make a free throw until her fifth attempt this season is A) 0.32768. B) 0.08192. C) 0.00128. D) 0.00032. E) 0.00026. 34.A college basketball player makes 80% of her free throws. Suppose this probability is the same for each free throw she attempts,

A) B) C) D) E)

and free throw attempts are independent. The probability that she makes all of her first four free throws and then misses her fifth attempt this season is A) 0.32768. B) 0.08192. C) 0.06554. D) 0.00128. E) 0.00032. 35.In a test of ESP (extrasensory perception), the experimenter looks at cards that are hidden from the subject. Each card contains a star, a circle, a wavy line, or a square. The subject tries to read the experimenters mind and name the shape on each card. What is the probability that the subject gets the first four correct before giving a wrong answer if he is just guessing? A) 0.00293. B) 0.00391. C) 0.06328. D) 0.07910. E) 0.31641. 36.A college basketball player makes 80% of her free throws. Suppose this probability is the same for each free throw she attempts, and free throw attempts are independent. The expected number of free throws required until she makes her first free throw of the season is A) 2. B) 1.25. C) 0.80. D) 0.31. E) 0.13 37.In a test of ESP (extrasensory perception), the experimenter looks at cards that are hidden from the subject. Each card contains a star, a circle, a wavy line, or a square. The subject tries to read the experimenters mind and name the shape on each card. If the subject is just guessing, what is the expected number of guesses before the subject gets his first correct guess? A) 5. B) 4. C) 3. D) 2.5. E) 2. 38.Suppose X has a geometric distribution with probability 0.3 of success and 0.7 of failure on each observation. The mean and variance of X are mean = 0.3, variance =D) 0.21.

A)

mean = 3.33, variance = 7.78.

B) C)

mean = 1.43, variance E) = 0.78. mean = 3.33, variance = 2.79.

mean = 1.43, variance = 0.61.

A) B) C) D) E)

39.A college basketball player makes 80% of her free throws. Suppose this probability is the same for each free throw she attempts, and free throw attempts are independent. The probability that it takes more than three free throws before she makes her first free throw is 0.512. is 0.032. is 0.008. is 0.006. cannot be determined from the information given. 40.In a test of ESP (extrasensory perception), the experimenter looks at cards that are hidden from the subject. Each card contains a star, a circle, a wavy line, or a square. The subject tries to read the experimenters mind and name the shape on each card. If the subject is just guessing, what is the probability that it takes more than four trials before getting the first correct guess? A) 0.250. B) 0.316. C) 0.422. D) 0.500. E) 0.684. 41.A small class has 10 students. Five of the students are male and five are female. I write the name of each student on a 3-by-5 card. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I choose one at random, observe the name of the student, and replace it in the set. The cards are thoroughly reshuffled and I again choose a card at random, observe the name, and replace it in the set. Let X be the number of cards observed until I get one with a name corresponding to a male student. The probability that X is greater than 1 is A) 0.125. B) 0.200. C) 0.250. D) 0.500. E) 0.750. 42.A set of 10 cards consists of five red cards and five black cards. The cards are shuffled thoroughly and I turn cards over, one at a time, beginning with the top card. Let X be

the number of cards I turn over until I observe the first red card. The probability that X is greater than 6 is A) 1. B) 0.5. C) 0.25. D) 0.03125. E) 0.015625.

Answer Key
1.E 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.E 6.B 7.D 8.E 9.E 10.D 11.E 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.E 16.C 17.C 18.E 19.C 20.C 21.B 22.B 23.A 24.E 25.B 26.E 27.D 28.E 29.C 30.D 31.E 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.A 36.B 37.B 38.D 39.C 40.B 41.D 42.A

Chapter 8: The Binomial and Geometric Distributions

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