Prescribed Drug

(Dosage, Route, Frequency,timing)

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Classification: NSAID

Indication and Contraindication Indication: -Relief of moderate pain when therapy will not exceed 1 week Contraindication: -Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to mefinamic acid, aspirin allergy and as treatment of periopertive pain with coronary artery bypass grafting.

Side Effects or Adverse Effects CNS: Headache, dizziness and insomnia GI: Nausea, dyspepsia and diarrhea Dermatologic: Rash GU: Renal impairment

Special Precautions

Nursing Responsibilities

Mefenamic Acid

Dosage: 500mg Action: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities related to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis; exact mechanisms of action are not known

Use cautiously with asthma, renal or hepatic impairment, peptic ulcer disease, Gi bleeding, hypertension, heart failure.

-Check Doctor s orders -Observe 10 Rights in giving medication -Take drug with food -Dizziness and drowsiness can occur (avoid driving and using dangerous machinery) -Discontinue drug and consult your health care provider if rash, diarrhea or digestive problem occur

Route: Oral

Frequency: Q6H PRN for severe pain

Timing: 6-12

Prescribed Drug (Dosage, Route, Frequency, Timing) Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Indication and Contraindication

Side Effect or Adverse Effect

Special Precaution

Nursing Responsibility

Classification: Analgesic (nonopioid) NSAID Action: Analgesics and antiinflammatory activities related to inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme, which is activated in inflammation; does not affect the COX-1 enzyme, which protects the lining of the GI tract and has blood clotting and renal functions

Indication: -Management of acute pain -Relief of signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis Contraindication: Contraindicated with allergies to celecoxib, NSAIDs, or aspirin; significant renal impairment.

CNS: Headache, dizziness, somnolence, insomnia Dermatologic: Rash GI: Dyspepsia Others: Anaphylactoid reactions to anaphylactic shock

Use cautiously with impaired hearing, hepatic and CV conditions.

-Check Doctor s orders -Observe 10 Rights in giving medication -Take drug with food or meals if GI upset occurs -Report sore throat, fever, rash, itching, weight gain, swelling in ankles or fingers and changes in vision

Dosage: 200 mg

Route: Oral

Frequency: BID

Timing: 8-6

Prescribed Drug (Dosage, Route, Frequency, Timing) Atenolol

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Indication and Contraindication

Side Effect or Adverse Effect

Special Precaution

Nursing Responsibility

Dosage: 50 mg

Classification: Antianginal Antihypertensive Beta1-selective adrenergic blocker Action: Block beta-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system in the heart and juxtaglumerolar apparatus (kidney), thus decreasing the excitability of the heart, decreasing cardiac output and oxygen consumption, decreasing the release of rennin from the kidney, and lowering BP.

Indication: -Hypertension, as a step 1 agent, alone with other drugs, especially diuretics Contraindication: Contraindicated with sinus bradycardia, second or third degree heart block, cardiogenic shock, heart failure .

Allergic Reaction: Laryngospasm CV: Bradycardia, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, sinoatrial or AV nodal block and tachycardia GI: Gastric pain. Flatulence, constipation, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting Others: Decreased exercise tolerance, development of antinuclear antibodies

Use cautiously with renal failure, and respiratory disease.

-Check doctor s orders -Observe 10 Rights in giving medication -Take drug with meals if GI upset occurs -Do not stop taking this drug unless told to do so by a health care provider -Avoid driving or dangerous activities if dizziness or weakness occurs

Route: Oral

Frequency: OD

Timing: 8

Prescribed Drug (Dosage, Route, Frequency, Timing) Ranitidine

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Indication and Contraindication

Side Effect or Adverse Effect

Special Precaution

Nursing Responsibility

Classification: Histamine2 (H2) antagonist Action: Competitively inhibits the action of histamine at the H2 receptors of the parietal cells of the stomach, inhibiting basal gastric acid secretion and gastric acid secretion that is stimulated by food, insulin, histamine, cholinergic agonists, gastrin and pentagastrin

Dosage: 150mg

Indication: -Treatment of heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach -Short term treatment of active, benign gastric ulcer Contraindication: Contraindicated with allergy to ranitidine

CNS: Headache DERMATOLOGIC: Rash GI: Constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain LOCAL: Pain at IM site, local burning or itching at IV site

Use cautiously with impaired renal or hepatic function

-Check doctor s order -Observe 10 Rights in giving medication -Perform skin test before giving the drug -Have regular medical follow up care to evaluate your response

Route: IVTT

Frequency: Q8H

Timing: 8-4-12

Prescribed Drug (Dosage, Route, Frequency, Timing) Ketorolac

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Indication and Contraindication

Side Effect or Adverse Effect

Special Precaution

Nursing Responsibility

Classification: NSAID Nonopiod analgesics Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, producing peripherally mediated analgesia. It also has anti pyretic and antiinflammatory properties.

Dosage: 30 mg

Indication: Short term management of moderate to severe acute pain Contraindicated: Contraindicated to asthma, moderate to severe renal impairment

CNS: Drowsiness GI: Bleeding, abnormal taste, GI pain, nausea GU: Renal toxicity, Urinary frequency Local: Injection site pain

-Use cautiously if there is history of GI bleeding and Renal impairment

-Check doctor s order -Observe 10 Rights in giving medication -perform skin test before giving this medication. -Instruct patient to take medication exactly as directed. -Caution patient to avoid the concurrent use of alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDs, acetaminophen, or other OTC medications without consulting health care professional.

Route: IVTT

Frequency: Q8H

Timing: 8-4-12

Prescribed Drug (Dosage, Route, Frequency, Timing) Morphine Sulfate

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Indication and Contraindication

Side Effect or Adverse Effect

Special Precaution

Nursing Responsibility

Classification: Opiod Agonist Analgesic Action: Principal opium alkaloid, acts as agonist at specific opiod receptors in the CNS tp produce analgesia, euphoria, sedation, the receptors mediating these effects are thought to be the same as those mediating the effects of endogenous opiods

Dosage:0.02% 10cc

Route: IVTT

Frequency: Q12H

Indication: -Relief of moderate to severe acute and chronic pain - Preoperative medication to sedate an allay apprehension, facilitate induction of anesthesia, and reduce anesthetic dosage -Treatment of pain following a major surgery Contraindication: Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to opiods

CNS: Light headedness, dizziness, sedation DERMATOLOGIC: Laryngospasm , bronchospasm GI: Nausea, vomiting MAJOR HAZARDS: Respiratory depression, circulatory depression, respiratory and cardiac arrest

Use Cautiously with hypotension, hypovolemia, and severe renal dysfunction.

-Check doctor s order -Observe 10 Rights in giving medication -avoid alcohol, antihistamines, sedatives, tranquilizers and OTC drugs -Check vital signs especially RR before giving this medication.

Timing: 8-8

Prescribed Drug (Dosage, Route, Frequency, Timing) Cefazolin

Classification and Mechanism of Action

Indication and Contraindication

Side Effect or Adverse Effect

Special Precaution

Nursing Responsibility

Classification: First Generation Cephalosphorins Action: Bind to bacterial wall membrane, causing cell death, bacterial action against susceptible bacteria

Dosage: 1gm

Indication: Treatment of skin structure infections, bone and joint infections Contraindications: Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to cephalosphorins and serious hypersensitivity to penicillins

CNS: Seizures ( in high doses) GI: Diarrhea, nausea and vomiting Dermatologic: Ras

Use cautiously to patients with allergy

Check doctors order Observe 10 rights in giving medication Perform skin test before giving the drug Instruct patient to take medication round the clock evenly spaced times and to finish the medication completely as directed, even if feeling better Advice that sharing this medication may be dangerous

Route: IVTT

Timing: 8-4-12