5 Bures House Offord Road London N1 1NT

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11A WESTBOURNE ROAD, N7 STRUCTURAL ENGINEER'S SPECIFICATION

DATE: 6 September 2011 REVISION: P1

Constant Structural Design Limited registered in England and Wales number 07661750

PRELIMINARY CLAUSES

GENERAL 100 The contractor is to include within their tender submission everything that is required to fully construct the structure even if elements are not specifically listed in the bill of quantities. This includes all materials, allowance for all means and methods required and all the time needed to complete the work. Do not scale drawings. The Contractor is to check all dimensions on site before carrying out works This specification is to be read in conjunction with the Architect's, Services Engineers and all other Specialist's drawings and Specifications to verify layout, setting out, finishes etc. Any discrepancies are to be brought to the attention of the Contract Administrator (CA) prior to construction. Do not cut any holes or chases through any structural members without first obtaining the written consent of the Structural Engineer. Substitution of Designed Elements or Specified Products: Any substitution will be at the contractors expense and shall not cause any delays to the program. The contractor will be liable for any costs, including time spent researching, designing, checking and drawing the alternative proposals, incurred by the structural engineer in incorporating or investigating these proposals. If a substitution is considered and rejected by the structural engineer, no reason for the rejection will necessarily be provided. This will be at the discretion of the engineer. All specified products are to be installed/built in strict accordance with manufacturers recommendations. Drawings, specifications and any other documentation will be issued electronically only. Should the contractor require any hard copies they must be specifically requested. The costs (including the structural engineers time) associated with preparing and issuing these hard copy drawings will be invoiced directly to and must be paid by the contractor. Drawings and other documents will only be issued in .pdf format. No other file types will be issued (i.e. dwg, dxf, dgn, etc. files will not be issued). As built drawings will not be provided by the structural engineer. A full set of structural as built drawings for all aspects of the structure, including dimensions, must be provided by the contractor on completion of the structural works. These must be sent to the structural engineer in pdf and dwg format. Should the contractor, or any sub-contractors, believe that any elements of the work on structural engineers drawings or specification will provide buildability difficulties as indicated, they must state clearly, at tender stage, their concerns along with specific reasons for it. They must also propose more buildable alternatives for consideration that do not compromise the architecture or overall structure of the work. Any claims or objections based on buildability issues that are raised after tender will not be considered.

150

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300

310 -

320

330

335

340

370

375

In the event of any conflicts on the drawings (including between the drawings of different consultants), the contract must seek clarification at tender stage as to which condition is correct. If clarification is not sought at tender stage, it will be assumed that the contractor has priced the most expensive condition, so no additional costs can be claimed in relation to the conflict. Items noted on the drawings to be exposed or verified on site are to be exposed by the Contractor for inspection by the Structural Engineer at the earliest opportunity. The main contractor is to supply, and keep on site for the duration of the works, PPE for at least two representatives from the project structural engineers firm. This is to consist of, at minimum, hard hats, protective site boots (sizes will be provided upon request), high visibility vests and high visibility jackets. Any additional equipment required due to the nature of the site and work being carried out is also to be provided. All of this equipment is to be clean and new for this project and to be kept secure on site.

390

397

STABILITY AND TEMPORARY WORKS 400 The Contractor is entirely responsible for maintaining the stability of all proposed structures, within the works, and of all the works from the date for possession of the site until practical completion of the works. The Contractor shall design, install and maintain all necessary temporary works and shall advise the CA, before commencement of the works, of his proposals for temporary supports and sequence of construction for the works. These proposals shall be supported by design calculations if requested. The Contractor is to accept full responsibility for the stability and structural integrity of the works during the Contract and provide support as necessary. He shall also prevent overloading of any completed or partially completed elements. Details of design loads may be obtained from the CA. No splices in any members shall be permitted unless detailed on the structural engineers tender drawings. The tender price and programme must include for installing all elements without splices, unless shown on the structural engineers tender drawings. Should the contractor feel that any members pose installation problems without splicing this must be clearly presented at tender stage, with a proposed solution detailing how the contractor would address the difficulty. These proposals may not be accepted by the design team/client so regardless of the proposals raised, the price and programme must be in accordance with clause 650 above.

500

600

650

651

TOLERANCES 700 All tolerances are to be agreed with the CA, and the Contractor will be responsible for ensuring that sufficient tolerances are provided and integrated throughout all elements of the works. The Contractor is to take account of tolerances detailed elsewhere in the drawings and specifications when complying with the above clause. All elements must be erected within the guidelines detailed out in BS5606: 1990.

800

MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP 900 All articles, materials and goods shall be new and of good quality, suitable or the required purpose and shall conform to the appropriate British Standards where such exists. Where references to the above are made it shall be inferred that the latest edition applies, together with subsequent amendments, unless otherwise specified.

D20

EXCAVATING AND FILLING

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

GENERALLY/ THE SITE

150 EXISTING SERVICES/ FEATURES/ STRUCTURES Services: See section A12 for locations. Site features to be retained: See section A12 for details. Structures: See section A34 for details of protection.

CLEARANCE/ EXCAVATING
168 170 240 SITE CLEARANCE Timing: Before topsoil stripping, if any. General: Clear site of rubbish, debris and vegetation. Do not compact topsoil. Treatment: Remove from site and dispose of appropriately. REMOVING SMALL TREES, SHRUBS, HEDGES AND ROOTS Identification: Clearly mark trees to be removed. Small trees, shrubs and hedges: Cut down Roots: Grub up and dispose of without undue disturbance of soil and adjacent areas Safety: Comply with HSE/ Arboriculture and Forestry Advisory Group Safety Guides. ADJACENT EXCAVATIONS Proximity: Where an excavation encroaches below a line drawn at an angle from the nearest formation level of another higher excavation, the lower excavation, all work within it and backfilling thereto must be completed before the higher excavation is made. Angle of line from horizontal: 45 degrees. PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FROM FORMATION LEVELS Beneath mass concrete foundations: 25 mm. Beneath ground bearing slabs and r.c. foundations: 15 mm. Embankments and cuttings: 50 mm. Ground abutting external walls: 50 mm, but such as to ensure that finished level is not less than 150 mm below dpc. ACCURACY LINEAR DIMENSIONS Permissible deviations from linear dimensions generally: +/- 15mm. INSPECTING FORMATIONS Give notice: Make advance arrangements for inspection of formations for all ground bearing elements. Preparation: Just before inspection remove the last 150 mm of excavation. Trim to required profiles and levels, and remove loose material. Seal: Within 4 hours of inspection. FOUNDATIONS GENERALLY Give notice if: - A natural bearing formation of undisturbed subsoil is not obtained at the depth shown on the drawings. - The formation contains soft or hard spots or highly variable material.

250 -

255 260 270 -

280 -

TRENCH FILL FOUNDATIONS Excavation: Form trench down to formation in one operation. Safety: Prepare formation from ground level. Inspection of formations: Give notice before commencing excavation. - Period of notice: 5 working days. Shoring: Where inspection of formation is required, provide localised shoring to suit ground conditions. Concrete fill: Place concrete immediately after inspection and no more than four hours after exposing the formation. FOUNDATIONS IN MADE UP GROUND Depth: Excavate down to a natural formation of undisturbed subsoil. Discrepancy: Give notice if this is greater or less than depth given. UNSTABLE GROUND Generally: Ensure that the excavation remains stable at all times. Give notice: Without delay if any newly excavated faces are too unstable to allow earthwork support to be inserted. Take action: If instability is likely to affect adjacent structures or roadways, take appropriate emergency action. RECORDED FEATURES Recorded foundations, beds, drains, manholes, etc: Break out and seal drain ends. Contaminated earth: Remove and disinfect as required by local authority. UNRECORDED FEATURES Give notice: If unrecorded foundations, beds, voids, basements, filling, tanks, pipes, cables, drains, manholes, watercourses, ditches, etc. not shown on the drawings are encountered. EXISTING WATERCOURSES Diverted watercourses which are to be filled: Before filling, remove vegetable growths and soft deposits. EXCESS EXCAVATION Excavation taken wider than required: - Backfill: Hardcore in accordance with clause D20/710. Excavation taken deeper than required: - Backfill: Mass concrete in accordance with E10/110. UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES IN LANDSCAPE AREAS Generally: Remove walls, roads, foundations, disused services, drains, manholes and the like to minimum depth. Minimum depth below finished levels: - Grass, ground cover and perennial planting: 500 mm. - Shrub planting: 750 mm. - Within 2 m of tree planting: 1000 mm. Walls and slabs remaining: In every 10 m of wall or slab, make a drainage hole at least 600 mm diameter.

290 310 -

320 330 -

350 -

360 -

370 -

DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS
415 441 450 EXCAVATED TOPSOIL REMOVAL General: Remove from site. SURPLUS SUBSOIL Excavated material: Remove from site. WATER Generally: Keep all excavations free from water until: - Formations are covered. - Below ground construction are completed. - Basement structures and retaining walls are able to resist leakage, water pressure and flotation. Drainage: Form surfaces of excavations and fill to provide adequate falls. Removal of water: Provide temporary drains, sumps and pumping as necessary. Do not pollute watercourses with silt laden water. GROUND WATER LEVEL/ RUNNING WATER Give notice: If it is considered that the excavations are below the water table. Springs/ Running water: Give notice immediately if encountered. PUMPING General: Do not disturb excavated faces or stability of adjacent ground or structures. Pumped water: Discharge without flooding the site or adjoining property. Sumps: Construct clear of excavations. Fill on completion. PERMANENT DRAINAGE SYSTEM Disposal of water from the excavations through system: Liaise with relevant local authorities to obtain permission

454 457 460 -

FILLING
500 PROPOSED FILL MATERIALS Details: Submit full details of proposed fill materials to demonstrate compliance with specification, including: - Type and source of imported fill. - Proposals for processing and reuse of material excavated on site. - Test reports as required elsewhere. HAZARDOUS, AGGRESSIVE OR UNSTABLE MATERIALS General: Do not use fill materials which would, either in themselves or in combination with other materials or ground water, give rise to a health hazard, damage to building structures or instability in the filling, including material that is: - Frozen or containing ice. - Organic. - Contaminated or noxious. - Susceptible to spontaneous combustion. - Likely to erode or decay and cause voids. - With excessive moisture content, slurry, mud or from marshes or bogs. - Clay of liquid limit exceeding 80 and/or plasticity index exceeding 55. - Unacceptable, class U2 as defined in the Highways Agency 'Specification for highway works', clause 601.

510 -

520 -

FROST SUSCEPTIBILITY General: Except as allowed below, fill must be non frost-susceptible as defined in Highways Agency 'Specification for highway works', clause 801.17. Test reports: If the following fill materials are proposed, submit a laboratory report confirming they are non frost-susceptible: - Fine grained soil with a plasticity index less than 20%. - Coarse grained soil or crushed granite with more than 10% retained on a 0.063 mm sieve. - Crushed chalk. - Crushed limestone fill with average saturation moisture content in excess of 3%. - Burnt colliery shale. Frost-susceptible fill: May only be used within the external walls of buildings below spaces that will be heated. Protect from frost during construction. PLACING FILL Excavations and areas to be filled: Free from loose soil, rubbish and standing water. Freezing conditions: Do not place fill on frozen surfaces. Remove material affected by frost. Replace and recompact if not damaged after thawing. Adjacent structures, membranes and buried services: - Do not overload, destabilise or damage. - Submit proposals for temporary support necessary to ensure stability during filling. - Allow 14 days (minimum) before backfilling against in situ concrete structures. Layers: Place so that only one type of material occurs in each layer. Earthmoving equipment: Vary route to avoid rutting. COMPACTION General: Compact fill as soon as possible after placing. After compaction: Surface of each layer must be well closed, showing no movement under compaction plant, and without cracks, holes, ridges, loose material and the like. Defective areas: Remove and recompact to full thickness of layer using new material. BENCHING IN FILL Adjacent areas: If, during filling the difference in level between adjacent areas of filling exceeds 600 mm, cut into edge of higher filling to form benches 600 mm minimum width and height equivalent to depth of a layer of compacted filling. New filling: Spread and compact to ensure maximum continuity with previous filling. HIGHWAYS AGENCY TYPE 1 GRANULAR FILLING Fill: To Highways Agency 'Specification for highway works', clause 803: - Crushed rock (other than argillaceous rock). - Crushed concrete. - Recycled aggregates. - Crushed non-expansive slag to clause 801.2. - Well-burned non-plastic colliery shale. Filling: To Highways Agency 'Specification for highway works', clauses 801.3 and 802. COMPACTED GENERAL FILLING Fill: In layers 150mm thick. Excavated material: Select suitable material and keep separate. Filling: Spread and level material in layers. As soon as possible thoroughly compact each layer. Proposals: Well in advance of starting work submit details of proposed: - Materials to be used, including quantities of each type.

530 -

535 540 -

617 -

626 -

- Type of plant. - Maximum depth of each compacted layer. - Minimum number of passes per layer. 640 650 START LAYER OF COMPACTED FILLING Fill: Suitable hard granular material. Compact thoroughly. Thickness: 150mm. PROTECTION OF COMPACTED FILLING Temporary protective filling: Before allowing construction traffic, raise level of compacted cohesive soil filling at least 150 mm above formation level using properly compacted temporary filling. Removal: Remove temporary protective filling from site before permanent construction. BACKFILLING AROUND FOUNDATIONS Under oversite concrete and pavings: Hardcore. Under grassed or soil areas: Material excavated from the trench, laid and compacted in 300 mm maximum layers. HARDCORE FILLING Fill: Granular material, free from excessive dust, well graded, all pieces less than 75 mm in any direction, minimum 10% fines value of 50 kN when tested in a soaked condition to BS 812-111, and in any one layer only one of the following: - Crushed rock (other than argillaceous rock) or quarry waste with not more binding material than is required to help hold the stone together. - Crushed concrete, crushed brick or tile, free from plaster, timber and metal. - Crushed non-expansive slag. - Gravel or hoggin with not more clay content than is required to bind the material together, and with no large lumps of clay. - Well-burned non-plastic colliery shale. - Natural gravel. - Natural sand. Filling: Spread and level in 150 mm maximum layers. Thoroughly compact each layer. BLINDING Surfaces to receive sheet overlays or concrete: Blind with - Concrete where shown on drawings; or - Sand, fine gravel, or other approved fine material applied to fill interstices. Moisten as necessary before final rolling to provide a flat, closed, smooth surface. Sand for blinding: To BS EN 12620, grade 0/4 or 0/2 (MP). Permissible deviations on surface level: +/- 25 mm.

700 -

710 -

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E05

IN SITU CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

225 -

235 -

TEMPERATURE RECORDS Requirement: Throughout period of concrete construction record: - Daily: At 9am and 4.30pm. - Under adverse temperature conditions: Temperature at commencement and end of placing. Equipment to be located in the shade, close to the structure. OPENINGS, INSERTS AND FIXINGS Requirement: Collate all information. Submit: Details where openings, inserts and fixings can only be accommodated by adjustments to reinforcement. Locate reinforcement: To ensure specified minimum cover at openings and inserts and to be clear of fixing positions. LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE FLOORS Tolerances (maximum): - Level of floor: +/- 5mm . - Steps in floor level: +/- 2mm.

300 -

E10

MIXING/ CASTING/ CURING IN SITU CONCRETE

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

CONCRETE
101 105 SPECIFICATION Concrete generally: To BS EN 206-1 and BS 8500-2. DESIGNATED CONCRETE FOR ALL SLABS, WALLS & FOUNDATIONS Designated concrete: RC40. Reinforcement/ embedded metal: Reinforced. Aggregates: - Size (maximum): 20mm. - Recycled coarse aggregates: Not permitted. Other requirements for admixtures: An accelerator or retarder can be used subject to submission of proposals to structural engineer. DESIGNATED CONCRETE FOR ALL BLINDING, HAUNCHING, PADSTONES & UPFILL BENEATH FOUNDATIONS Designated concrete: GEN 2. Reinforcement/ embedded metal: Unreinforced. Aggregates: - Size (maximum): 10mm. - Recycled coarse aggregates: Not permitted. SUBSTITUTION OF STANDARDIZED PRESCRIBED CONCRETE FOR DESIGNATED CONCRETE General: Conform to BS 8500-2, clause 8. Substitution: In accordance with BS 8500-1, table A.7. - Proposals: Submit for each substitution, stating reasons. Mixing: If standardized prescribed concretes are made on site conform to BS 8000-2.1, subsections 2, 3 and 4.

110 -

125 -

MATERIALS, BATCHING AND MIXING

215 READY-MIXED CONCRETE Production plant: Currently certified by a body accredited by UKAS to BS EN 45011 for product conformity certification of ready-mixed concrete. Source of ready-mixed concrete: Obtain from one source if possible. Otherwise, submit proposals. - Name and address of depot: Submit before any concrete is delivered. - Delivery notes: Retain for inspection. Declarations of nonconformity from concrete producer: Notify immediately. INFORMATION ABOUT PROPOSED CONCRETES Details listed in BS 8500-1 clause 5.2: Submit when requested. CHANGES TO SPECIFICATION Changes to specification of fresh concrete (outside concrete producers responsibility): Not permitted.

221 225 -

305 -

DRYING SHRINKAGE Drying shrinkage of concrete (maximum): 0.075%. - Test method: To BS EN 1367-4. ADMIXTURES Calcium chloride and admixtures containing calcium chloride: Do not use. PROPERTIES OF FRESH CONCRETE Adjustments to suit construction process: Determine with concrete producer. Maintain conformity to the specification.

415 490 -

IDENTITY TESTING/ CERTIFICATION

505 IDENTITY TESTING OF FRESH CONCRETE Testing: To BS EN 206-1, annex B and BS 8500-1, annexe B. - Nonconformity: Obtain instructions immediately. Recording: Maintain complete correlated records including: - Sampling, site tests, and identification numbers of specimens tested in the laboratory. - Location of the parts of the structure represented by each sample. - Location in the structure of the batch from which each sample is taken. REGULAR IDENTITY TESTING On site slump tests shall be taken for every batch of concrete and the results submitted to the Employer's Agent on a weekly basis. Concrete cube testing to be carried out at the following rate:R.C. Elements Floor slabs, retaining walls, etc: 10 m3 Mass Concrete Elements pad foundations, strip footings, etc.: 10 m3 Sampling shall be in accordance with BS 1881, and standard certificates of sampling shall be completed in accordance with Part 101 Clause 5 and submitted to the Employer's Agent on a weekly basis. A minimum number of two cubes are to be taken for each sample, one to be tested at 7 days and one at 28 days. All cubes for compressive strength testing shall be 150 mm and the mean of two results taken as the test result. Test reports shall be submitted to the Employer's Agent within one day of completion of the test. The reports shall include the following:a) Test laboratory and name of person responsible b) Title of project c) Identification mark or number d) Location within structure (relate to record drawings see Clause 3.7) e) Certificate of sampling f) Certificate of method of making cubes g) Curing place and conditions h) Date of receipt by laboratory i) Condition on receipt by laboratory j) Actual or checked nominal dimensions k) Weight and density l) Date of test m) Age when tested n) Confirmation of testing to BS 1881 o) Load at failure p) Compressive strength q) Type of fracture

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r) Date of despatch of report to EA

520 -

IDENTITY TESTING LABORATORY Laboratory: Accredited by UKAS or other national equivalent. Name and UKAS reference number: Submit well in advance of making trial mixes or concrete for use in the works. IDENTITY TESTS RESULTS Submission of reports: Within one day of completion of each test. - Number of copies: 2 . Reports on site: A complete set, available for inspection. BROKEN CUBES FROM FAILED IDENTITY TESTS Nonconformity: Keep separately the pieces of each cube which fail to meet the conformity requirements for individual results. Period for keeping cubes: Obtain instructions.

530 550 -

PLACING/ COMPACTING/ CURING AND PROTECTION

630 PREMATURE WATER LOSS Requirement: Prevent water loss from concrete laid on absorbent substrates. - Underlay: Select from: Polyethylene sheet: 250 micrometres thick. Building paper: To BS 1521, grade B1F. - Installation: Lap edges 150 mm. CONSTRUCTION JOINTS Locations of construction joints: Submit proposals where not shown on drawings. Preparation of joint surfaces: Select from: - Brushing and spraying: Remove surface laitance and expose aggregate finish while concrete is still green. - Other methods: Submit proposals. Condition of joint surfaces immediately before placing fresh concrete: Clean and damp. SURFACES TO RECEIVE CONCRETE Cleanliness of surfaces immediately before placing concrete: Clean with no debris, tying wire clippings, fastenings or free water. INSPECTION OF SURFACES Notice: Give notice to allow inspections of reinforcement and surfaces before each pour of concrete. - Period of notice: Obtain instructions. TRANSPORTING General: Avoid contamination, segregation, loss of ingredients, excessive evaporation and loss of workability. Protect from heavy rain. Entrained air: Anticipate effects of transport and placing methods in order to achieve specified air content. PLACING Records: Maintain for time, date and location of all pours.

640 -

650 -

660 -

670 -

680 -

Timing: Place as soon as practicable after mixing and while sufficiently plastic for full compaction. Temperature limitations for concrete: 30C (maximum) and 5C (minimum). Do not place against frozen or frost covered surfaces. Continuity of pours: Place in final position in one continuous operation up to construction joints. Avoid formation of cold joints. Discharging concrete: Prevent uneven dispersal, segregation or loss of ingredients or any adverse effect on the formwork or formed finishes. Thickness of layers: To suit methods of compaction and achieve efficient amalgamation during compaction. Poker vibrators: Do not use to make concrete flow horizontally into position, except where necessary to achieve full compaction under void formers and cast-in accessories and at vertical joints. COMPACTING General: Fully compact concrete to full depth to remove entrapped air. Continue until air bubbles cease to appear on the top surface. - Areas for particular attention: Around reinforcement, under void formers, cast-in accessories, into corners of formwork and at joints. Consecutive batches of concrete: Amalgamate without damaging adjacent partly hardened concrete. Methods of compaction: To suit consistence class and use of concrete. VIBRATORS General: Maintain sufficient numbers and types of vibrator to suit pouring rate, consistency and location of concrete. External vibrators: Obtain approval for use. PLASTIC SETTLEMENT Settlement cracking: Inspect fresh concrete closely and continuously wherever cracking is likely to occur, including the top of deep sections and at significant changes in the depth of concrete sections. - Timing: During the first few hours after placing and whilst concrete is still capable of being fluidized by the vibrator. Removal of cracks: Revibrate concrete. CURING GENERALLY Evaporation from surfaces of concrete: Prevent, including from perimeters and abutments, throughout curing period. - Surfaces covered by formwork: Retain formwork in position and, where necessary to satisfy curing period, cover surfaces immediately after striking. - Top surfaces: Cover immediately after placing and compacting. If covering is removed for finishing operations, replace it immediately afterwards. Surface temperature: Maintain above 5C throughout the specified curing period or four days, whichever is longer. Records: Maintain details of location and timing of casting of individual batches, removal of formwork and removal of coverings. Keep records on site, available for inspection. COVERINGS FOR CURING Sheet coverings: Suitable impervious material. Curing compounds: Selection criteria: - Curing efficiency: Not less than 75% or for surfaces exposed to abrasion 90%. - Colouring: Fugitive dye.

690 -

720 730 -

810 -

811 -

- Application to concrete exposed in the finished work: Readily removable without disfiguring the surface. - Application to concrete to receive bonded construction/ finish: No impediment to subsequent bonding. Interim covering to top surfaces of concrete: Until surfaces are in a suitable state to receive coverings in direct contact, cover with impervious sheeting held clear of the surface and sealed against draughts at perimeters and junctions. PREVENTING EARLY AGE THERMAL CRACKING Deep lifts or large volume pours: Submit proposals for curing to prevent early age thermal cracking, taking account of: - Temperature differentials across sections. - Coefficient of thermal expansion of the concrete. - Strain capacity of the concrete mix (aggregate dependent). - Restraint. CURING PERIODS General: Curing periods are in days (minimum). - Definition of t: The average number of degrees Celsius air temperature during the curing period. Curing periods for concrete surfaces which, in the finished building, will be exposed to the elements; concrete wearing surface floors and pavements; water resistant concrete: Concrete made Concrete made using CEM1; using IIB; IIIA; SRPC (BS 4027); IIIB; IVB IIA ______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ ._____ Drying winds or dry, 140 180 sunny weather t+10 t+10 Intermediate conditions 100 t+10 140 t+10

812 -

820 -

Damp weather, protected from 100 100 sun and wind t+10 t+10 ______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ ._____ Curing periods for other structural concrete surfaces (cements/ combinations as above): ______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ ._____ Drying winds or dry, 80 140 sunny weather t+10 t+10 Intermediate conditions 60 t+10 80 t+10

Damp weather, protected from No special No special sun and wind requirements requirements ______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ .______ ._____ Curing periods for concretes using admixtures or other types of cements/ combinations: Submit proposals.

840 -

PROTECTION Prevent damage to concrete, including: - Surfaces generally: From rain, indentation and other physical damage. - Surfaces to exposed visual concrete: From dirt, staining, rust marks and other disfiguration. - Immature concrete: From thermal shock, physical shock, overloading, movement and vibration. - In cold weather: From entrapment and freezing expansion of water in pockets, etc.

E20

FORMWORK FOR IN SITU CONCRETE

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

GENERALLY/ PREPARATION
110 LOADINGS Requirement: Design and construct formwork to withstand the worst combination of the following: - Total weight of formwork, reinforcement and concrete. - Construction loads including dynamic effects of placing, compacting and construction traffic. - Wind and snow loads. PROPPING General: Prevent deflection and damage to the structure. Carry down props to bearings strong enough to provide adequate support throughout concreting operations. Method statement: Submit proposals for prop bearings and sequence of propping/ repropping and backpropping. - Timing of submission: At least 2 weeks before erection of formwork. PERMANENT FORMWORK Location and materials: Submit proposals. WORK BELOW GROUND Casting vertical faces of footings, bases and slabs against faces of excavation: Obtain consent. Casting walls against faces of excavation: Use formwork on both sides. PROPRIETARY UNDERSLAB INSULATION Refer to architect's specification and drawings for details

132 -

145 170 200 -

CONSTRUCTION
310 320 ACCURACY General requirement for formwork: Accurately and robustly constructed to produce finished concrete in the required positions and to the required dimensions. Formed surfaces: Free from twist and bow (other than any required cambers). Intersections, lines and angles: Square, plumb and true. JOINTS IN FORMS Requirements including joints in form linings & between forms and completed work: - Prevent loss of grout, using seals where necessary. - Prevent formation of steps. Secure formwork tight against adjacent concrete. INSERTS, HOLES AND CHASES Positions and details: Submit proposals. - Positioning relative to reinforcement: Give notice of any conflicts well in advance of placing concrete. Method of forming: Fix inserts or box out as required. Do not cut hardened concrete without approval.

330 -

340 -

KICKERS Method statement: Submit proposals including means of achieving quality of concrete consistent with that specified for the column or wall. - Kicker height (minimum): 100 mm. FORM TIES Metal associated with form ties/ devices: Prohibited within cover to reinforcement. Compatible with reinforcement metal. RELEASE AGENTS General: Achieve a clean release of forms without disfiguring the concrete surface. Product types: Compatible with formwork materials, specified formed finishes and subsequent applied finishes. Use the same product throughout the entire area of any one finish. Protection: Prevent contact with reinforcement, hardened concrete, other materials not part of the form face, and permanent forms. SURFACE RETARDERS Use: Obtain approval. Reinforcement: Prevent contact with retarder.

350 -

470 -

480 -

STRIKING
510 521 STRIKING FORMWORK Timing: Prevent any disturbance, damage or overloading of the permanent structure. MINIMUM PERIODS Determination of minimum periods for retaining formwork in position: Contractor to evaluate.

FORMED FINISHES
620 PLAIN SMOOTH FINISH Finish: Even with panels arranged in a regular pattern as a feature of the surface. Permissible deviation of surfaces: - Sudden irregularities (maximum): 5 mm. - Gradual irregularities when measured from the underside of a 1 m straightedge, placed anywhere on surface (maximum): 5 mm. Variations in colour: - Permitted: Those caused by impermeable form linings. - Not permitted: Discoloration caused by contamination or grout leakage. Surface blemishes: - Permitted: Blowholes less than 10 mm in diameter and at an agreed frequency. - Not permitted: Voids, honeycombing, segregation and other large defects. Formwork tie holes: In a regular pattern and filled with matching mortar. ARRISES/ MARGINS/ JUNCTIONS Requirements: As shown on drawings.

750 -

E30

REINFORCEMENT FOR IN SITU CONCRETE

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

REINFORCEMENT
110 QUALITY ASSURANCE OF REINFORCEMENT Reinforcement to BS 4449, BS 4483 or BS 6744, cut and bent to BS 8666: Obtain from companies holding valid certificates of approval for product conformity issued by the UK Certification Authority for Reinforcing Steels (CARES). PLAIN BAR REINFORCEMENT Standard: To BS 4449. - Strength grade: 250. RIBBED BAR REINFORCEMENT Standard: To BS 4449. - Strength grade: 460 B. FABRIC REINFORCEMENT Standard: To BS 4483.

140 -

150 -

210 -

WORKMANSHIP
310 CUTTING AND BENDING REINFORCEMENT General: To schedules and to BS 8666. Restrictions on bending steel: - Rebending including minor adjustments: Obtain instructions. - Temperatures below 5C: Obtain instructions. - Temperatures greater than 100C: Prohibited. PROTECTION OF REINFORCEMENT Dropping from height, mechanical damage and shock loading: Prevent. Cleanliness of reinforcement at time of pouring concrete: Free from corrosive pitting, loose millscale, loose rust and contaminants which may adversely affect the reinforcement, concrete, or bond between the two. PROJECTING CONTINUITY REINFORCEMENT Bending on site: Not permitted over 12mm diameter bars. LAPS OR SPLICES Details are not shown on drawings: Obtain instructions. LAPS NOT DETAILED ON DRAWINGS Laps in bar reinforcement (minimum): 300 mm. Laps in fabric reinforcement (minimum): 250 mm. - Laps at corners: Avoid four layer build-up. WELDED JOINTS Site welding: Not permitted. FIXING REINFORCEMENT Standard: To BS 7973-1 and -2.

320 -

360 410 425 -

430 451 -

Installation: In addition to any spacers and chairs shown on drawings or schedules, provide adequate support, tie securely and maintain the specified cover. Tying: - Wire type: 16 gauge black annealed. Use stainless steel wire for stainless steel reinforcement. - Ends of tying wire: Prevent intrusion into the concrete cover. Remove loose ends. Compatibility of metals: Prevent contact between ordinary carbon steel and stainless or galvanized reinforcement. TOLERANCES ON COVER Definition of nominal cover to BS 8500-1: Minimum cover plus tolerance for fixing. - Tolerance (maximum): 5mm. Checking specified cover dimensions: Before concreting check that cover dimensions will be achieved. RUST STAINING Staining of surfaces of concrete which will be exposed to view in the finished work: Prevent. COVER METER SURVEY Purpose of survey: To check positions of reinforcement and that the specified cover has been achieved. Type of cover meter: A magnetic induction digital display type selected to suit arrangement and type of reinforcement. - Use: In accordance with recommendations of BS 1881-204 and manufacturer as appropriate to yield accurate results. - Surveyor: Experienced with cover meter surveys. - Calibration: At the outset and thereafter regularly at 45 minute (maximum) intervals. Locations for checking: Include columns, beams, cantilevers, slab soffits and all faces exposed to the weather in the finished structure. Timing: As soon as practicable after casting. - Notification: Give adequate notice. Results: Submit. Notify immediately where specified cover has not been achieved. COVER METER FOR USE BY OTHERS Type of meter: Provide a magnetic induction digital display type selected to suit arrangement and type of reinforcement. Availability: Calibrate and maintain ready for use by others as instructed. - Periods/ Time: At all times while works are progressing on site.

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E40

DESIGNED JOINTS IN IN SITU CONCRETE To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

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CONSTRUCTION/ MOVEMENT JOINTS GENERALLY Accuracy: Position and form joints accurately, straight, well-aligned and truly vertical or horizontal or parallel with setting out lines of the building. Modifications to joint design or location: Submit proposals. Placing concrete to form movement joints: - Maintain effectiveness of joints. Prevent concrete entering joints or penetrating or impregnating compressible joint fillers. - Do not place concrete simultaneously on both sides of movement joints. ADDITIONAL CONSTRUCTION JOINTS Joints additional to those required by designer: - None permitted in slab or walls. - Only permitted at the base of wall/kicker interface. Approval of additional joints: Submit proposals. FORMED JOINTS Forms/ stop ends generally: Rigid and grout-tight. Forms/ stop ends for projecting continuity reinforcement: To accommodate bars or fabric without temporary bending or displacement. FORMED JOINTS IN CONCRETE WEARING SURFACES Temporary forms: Square edged with a steel top surface. Placing concrete: Compact thoroughly at edges to give level, closely abutted joints with no lipping. PREPARATION OF CONSTRUCTION JOINTS Roughening of joint surfaces: Select from: - Brushing and spraying: Remove surface laitance and expose aggregate finish while concrete is still green. - Other methods: Submit proposals. Condition of joint surfaces immediately before placing fresh concrete: Clean and damp. TIE BARS Standard: To BS 4449. - Strength grade: 250. Cleanliness: Free from corrosive pitting, loose millscale, loose rust and contaminants which may adversely affect the tie bars, reinforcement, concrete, or bond between the two. Position: Centred on the joint. DOWEL BARS Standard: To BS 4449. - Strength grade for type R bars: 250N/mm2 - Strength grade for type T bars: 460N/mm2 - Properties: Perfectly straight, with sawn (not sheared) ends. Debonding: Achieve effective debonding to half of each bar using either a suitable proprietary debonding compound or a suitable plastics sleeve. Position: At right angles to and centred on the joint. Expansion joints: Fit an approved type of cap incorporating not less than 20 mm of compressible material to debonded ends of all bars.

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SHEET JOINT FILLER Manufacturer & product reference: Refer to drawings. Joints finished with sealant: Leave sufficient space for sealant by using temporary formers. SEALANT Manufacturer & product reference: Refer to drawings. Preparation and application: As manufacturer's requirements/guidelines.

E41

WORKED FINISHES TO IN SITU CONCRETE

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

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FINISHING GENERALLY Timing: Carry out finishing operations at optimum times in relation to the setting and hardening of concrete. Prohibited treatments to concrete surfaces: - Wetting to assist surface working. - Sprinkling cement. SMOOTH FLOATED FINISH Finish: Even with no ridges or steps. TROWELLED FINISH Finish: A uniform, smooth but not polished surface, free from trowel marks and other blemishes, and suitable to receive specified flooring material.

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F12
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MASONRY Workmanship is to comply generally with BS5628:Parts 1 & 3. Brickwork to be to BS3921. Blockwork to be to BS 6073. New brickwork above dpc is to be minimum class 3 set in 1:1:6 mortar, unless noted otherwise on the drawings. New blockwork is to be minimum strength 3.5N/mm2 set in 1:1:6 mortar, unless noted otherwise on the drawings. Brickwork and blockwork are to be laid properly bonded as agreed with the Architect and fully bonded into existing work, unless otherwise shown on the drawings. All masonry below dpc is to be set in 1:3 mortar with OPC, unless noted otherwise on the drawings. New brickwork below dpc and in retaining walls is to be Class B engineering bricks. New blockwork below dpc is to be specified as suitable for such use by the manufacturer, and of minimum strength 3.5N/mm2, or as noted on the drawings. Do not lay masonry when the ambient air temperature is less than 5 degrees Celsius. Cavity wall ties shall be stainless steel twisted fishtail end ties to BS1243 spaced at 450mm centres vertically, 900mm centres horizontally staggered, and at 250mm centres vertically 150mm from all openings, corners and reveals. Minimum embedment to be 50mm into each masonry leaf. Masonry repair/making good to existing adjacent to demolition and extending existing should generally be made by stitching in brickwork unless noted otherwise on the drawings. All new and existing external walls are to be strapped to adjacent floor and roof joists/rafters (both at joist ends and parallel to joists) with min. 750 long Expamet HD straps at 800mm c/c. Full height solid SW blocking to be added at all strap locations where straps are running perpendicular to joist span. Straps anchored to walls with 2no, Hilti HY-70 M8 anchors and screwed to joists and blocking.

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G10 STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING

To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS/ INFORMATION

110 DESIGN Design standard: The structural steelwork has been designed to BS 5950 where applicable. Completion of design: Design and detail connections to BS 5950. - Loading requirements: As specified or otherwise calculable. DESIGN CONSTRAINTS Members forming bracing systems or girders of lattice construction: Position so that their lines of action intersect at a point. Design parameters: Connections plates, cleats, bolt heads, etc. are not to project through architectural finishes or clear zones for services/insulation. Bolts: - Grade: 8.8. - Diameter (minimum): 12mm. - Number per connection (minimum): 4no.. Welds: Minimum 6mm fillet. GRADES Steel grade: S275 unless noted otherwise. If specified sections are only available in higher grade, the cost of the higher grade is to be included in the tender price. If availability of specified sections is limited and may affect procurement, programme or costs, these effects must be included in the tender price and programme. Claims for additional costs or time due to procurement of steelwork after tender will not be accepted. SITE MEASURE The fabricator is to carry out a full site survey to establish the lengths of all steel members connecting to existing structure prior to preparation of fabrication drawings. DRAWINGS AND CALCULATIONS Requirement: Before preparing detailed fabrication drawings, submit: - General arrangement drawings with individual steel members clearly identified. - Calculations for major connections. Requirement: Before fabricating submit: - Detailed fabrication drawings for all elements, including connections. All drawings are to be produced on CAD or similar computer based drawing software. Hand produced drawings are not acceptable. SPECIFICATION STANDARD Standard: Comply with latest edition of National Structural Steelwork Specification (NSSS). - Document availability: Make available during the course of the Works at fabrication shop and on site. Setting out dimensions are to be obtained from the Architects drawings. The steelwork fabricator shall obtain all necessary dimensions from site.

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FABRICATION
180 NOTIFICATION OF COMMENCEMENT Give notice: Before fabrication is due to start. - Period of notice (minimum): 7 days. MARKING Identifying and recording materials and components: Submit details of proposed methods. Location of marks: - Generally: Visible for checking after erection. - Weathering steel: On surfaces not exposed to open view in the completed work. Steel to be blast cleaned, pickled, metal sprayed or galvanized: Marked so that subsequent treatment cannot obliterate the marking. HARD STAMPING Usage: Not permitted except as indicated on drawings. END CONNECTIONS Angle cleats: Project beyond ends of simply supported members. HOLLOW SECTIONS Insides of sections: Debris and moisture removed before sealing ends and openings. ACCESS/ VENTILATION HOLES IN BASE PLATES Base plates larger than 1 m: Make 25 mm diameter holes as necessary for pressure grouting, escape of entrapped air or direct compaction of filling/ bedding material. STEELWORK TO BE GALVANIZED Cutting, drilling and shop welding: Completed before galvanizing. Vent and drain holes: Provided as necessary. - Locations: Submit proposals.

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WELDING
255 270 290 295 SITE WELDING Usage: Not permitted. ADDITIONAL WELDS Welds (including tack welds) not indicated on drawings: Not permitted without approval. FINISHED WELDS Finished welds: Carefully dressed to remove slag without deforming surface of weld. PLATE CONNECTION TO STEELWORK Where endplates, capping plates, baseplates, etc. are shown at the ends of steel elements, these are to be welded to the steel element as follows unless noted otherwise: - 6mm fillet weld - Weld to extend around the entire contact perimeter between the plate and the steel element

BOLT ASSEMBLIES
370 GALVANIZED COATING TO BOLT ASSEMBLIES Standard: To BS 7371-6. Galvanizing: Applied by fastener manufacturer. Passivated and lubricated if no additional coatings are specified. Nuts tapped after galvanizing. Use/ location: Connections to all galvanised elements that are not in contact with stainless steel. Where a galvanised steel element is being connected to a non-galvanised steel element, all contact surfaces between the galvanised and non-galvanised steel are to be isolated to prevent contact and corrosion. STAINLESS STEEL CONNECTIONS Where a stainless steel element is being connected to another element, all bolts, nuts, washers, etc. should be stainless steel of the same grade as the material being connected. Where the stainless steel element is being connected to a non-stainless steel element, all contact surfaces between the stainless steel and non-stainless steel are to be isolated to prevent contact and corrosion. SEALED HOLLOW SECTIONS Bolt holes: Sealed to prevent access of moisture. - Method of sealing: Submit proposals.

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ERECTION
410 PRE-ERECTION CHECKS Scope: At least 7 days before proposed erection start date, check the following: - Foundations and other structures to which steelwork will be attached: Accuracy of setting out. - Holding down bolts: Position, protruding length, slackness and condition. Inaccuracies and defects: Report without delay. Permission to commence erection: Obtain. SETTING OUT Permissible deviations: Comply with the requirements of the NSSS. MODIFICATIONS Steelwork: Do not modify without approval. COLUMN BASES Levels: Adjust using steel shims or folding wedges no larger than necessary. Location of shims/ wedges: Position symmetrically around perimeter of base plate. Do not use a single central pack. Give notice: If space beneath any column base is less than, or over 25 mm greater than, the specified dimension. Accuracy of erection: Check, and correct errors before filling and bedding beneath bases and carrying out other adjacent work. PROPRIETARY FILLING/ BEDDING OF COLUMN BASES Preparation: Concrete surfaces scarified to provide a good mechanical key. Bolt pockets and spaces beneath base plates: Completely filled with Fosroc Conbextra Grout.

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PROTECTIVE COATINGS
523 COMPATIBILITY OF SHOP PRIMER WITH SITE APPLIED INTUMESCENT COATING Intumescent coating: Refer to architect's specification. Primer: Compatible with coating under general and fire conditions. Manufacturers recommendations and test evidence: Submit before priming. Include fire test data to BS 476-20 and -21, or BS EN 1363-1 and BS EN 1365-2, -3, and/ or -4 as appropriate. INSPECTION OF COATING WORK Work in progress: Permit coating manufacturer to inspect and take samples of products. Notice: Give notice of dates for: - Start of surface preparation and coating. - Coated members or components leaving the works. - Period of notice (minimum): 5 working days.

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PROTECTIVE COATING SYSTEMS

620 GALVANIZING TO BLAST CLEANED STEEL Use/ location: All external steelwork, steelwork built into the external wall and all other locations shown on drawings. Preparation: Blast cleaning to BS EN ISO 8501-1, preparation grade Sa 2 using chilled angular iron grit grade G24 to give a coarse surface profile, followed by chemical cleaning. Galvanizing: To BS EN ISO 1461. - Minimum mean coating thickness: 140 micrometres. SHOP PRIMING FOR ALL STEELWORK NOT TO BE GALVANISED Use/ location: All locations where steelwork is not galvanised. Shop preparation: Blast cleaning to BS EN ISO 8501-1, preparation grade Sa 2 Primer: - Manufacturer: Leigh's Paints. Product reference: Epigrip C400. - Dry film thickness: 80 microns.

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PREPARATION FOR PAINTING

710 OFFSITE PREPARATION AND PAINTING Working area: Covered and properly lit, heated and ventilated. Sequence of working: Select from the following and submit proposals: - Fabricate, blast clean, prime. - Blast clean, fabricate, remove flash rust with a light overall sweep blast, prime. - Blast clean, apply weldable prefabrication primer, fabricate, prime. Prefabrication primer (option 3): Type recommended by manufacturer of post fabrication primer. - Thickness of post fabrication primer coat: May be reduced if and as recommended by manufacturer. Surfaces inaccessible after assembly: Apply full treatment and coating system including, if necessary, local application of site coatings. MANUAL CLEANING OF NEW STEELWORK Preparation: Remove fins, burrs, sharp edges, weld spatter, loose rust and loose scale.

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Surface finish: Clean but unpolished to BS EN ISO 8501-1, grade St 2. Finishing: Thoroughly degrease and clean down. Remove any consequent rusting back to grade St 2. Prime without delay. BOLTED JOINTS (OTHER THAN FRICTION GRIP JOINTS) Steelwork to be shop painted: Apply full shop specification to joint faces. Steelwork to be erected with mill finish then site painted: Before erection, prepare and prime joint faces and allow to dry. Bolted joints in externally exposed steelwork: - Immediately before assembling, apply a further coat of primer and bring surfaces together while still wet. - After assembling and before applying site coatings, seal crevices to bolts and joint perimeters with a compatible sealant. UNCOATED FASTENERS Treatment: After steelwork erection and before applying site coatings, thoroughly degrease and clean. Without delay, coat to match adjacent shop painted areas. GALVANIZED FASTENERS Treatment: After steelwork erection and before applying site coatings, thoroughly degrease and clean. Etch prime. SITE PREPARATION OF SHOP PAINTED STEELWORK Preparation: Before coating, abrade or wash down or both, as recommended by paint manufacturer. SITE PREPARATION OF GALVANIZED SURFACES FOR PAINTING Preparation: Thoroughly degrease. Remove white corrosion products. Wash off and allow to dry before applying etching wash or primer.

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PAINTING
810 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS General requirements prior to starting coating work: - Surfaces: Unaffected by moisture or frost. - Steel temperature: At least 3C above dew point, with conditions stable or improving, and not high enough to cause blistering or wrinkling of the coating. - Relative humidity: Below 85%. COATINGS Surfaces to be coated: Clean, dust free and suitably dry. Previous coats to be adequately cured. Multiple coats of same material: Use different tints to assist checking of complete coverage. Penultimate coat: Colour recommended by paint manufacturer to suit top coat colour. Finish required: Smooth and even, of uniform thickness and colour, free from defects. FILM THICKNESS Wet film thickness: During application, check thickness of each coat with a wheel or comb gauge used in accordance with BS EN ISO 2808. Accumulated dry film thickness: After each coat has dried, check total accumulated film thickness. - Method: Magnetic or electromagnetic meter. - Number and position of measurements: As directed.

815 820 -

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- Validation: Measurements to be independently witnessed. - Meter calibration: Check against standard shims and recalibrate regularly against a smooth steel reference plate. Average dry film thickness: - At least specified thickness over any square metre. - No reading to be less than 75% of specified thickness. Top coat dry film thickness: Sufficient to give an even, solid, opaque appearance. JUNCTIONS WITH CONCRETE Exposed steelwork partially embedded or encased in concrete: Apply two coats of bituminous coating locally to the steel/ concrete junction.

G15 STRUCTURAL TIMBER MEMBERs

1 New timber in the works is to be selected structural timber not inferior to European Redwood / Whitewood grade C24 to BS5268:Part 2, unless noted otherwise on the drawings. All existing timber is to be inspected at the beginning of the project by a specialist. Refer to specialists report for all information in connection with timber replacement. New timber is to be vacuum impregnated with preservative to BS5268:Part 5 and the manufacturers recommendations. Cut ends are to be thoroughly treated with brush applied coats of appropriate preservative before fixing. All preservatives are to be to the Architects approval. Structural timbers may only be drilled or cut for services with the approval of the Structural Engineer. Sizes of new structural timbers noted on drawings are sawn basic sizes. Joist hangers, straps, connectors etc. shall be purpose made and of the manufacture or performance stated on the drawings. If not specified otherwise on drawings all joist hangers to be Expamet Maxi Speedy and all straps to be Expamet HD Straps. All timber connectors, screws, nails, joist hangers, steel straps etc. are to be galvanised or sheradised. All such items are to be fixed in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations, unless shown otherwise on the drawings. Joists to be doubled under all new partitions. Skew screwing should generally be carried out using 3.5mm diameter x 75mm long minimum drywall screws. Timber noggins to be fixed adjacent to joist supports and at midspan of rafters/joists of span greater than 2.4m. All floors and roofs to have 18mm thick plywood decking screwed to all joists, rafters, noggins and stud walls and tek screwed to top of all steel beams. All stud walls to have 12mm thick plywood sheeting screwed to all studs, noggins, blocking, etc. on at least one side. Plywood decking/sheeting to be fixed using 3.5mm minimum diameter screws at 150centres along edges and at 300mm centres elsewhere. Noggins to be fixed under plywood panel joints where perpendicular to joists unless tongue and groove boards used. All external walls are to be strapped to adjacent floor and roof joists/rafters (both at joist ends and parallel to joists) with min. 750 long Expamet HD straps at 800mm c/c. Full height solid SW blocking to be added at all strap locations where straps are running perpendicular to joist span. Straps anchored to walls with 2no, Hilti HY-70 M8 anchors and screwed to joists and blocking.

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