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ModuleFactSheet:IntroductiontoOSHAandtheOSHAct ModuleIntroduction: ThismodulegivesabasicoverviewofOSHA,theOSHAct,and

OSHAsroleinpreventionandeliminationofworkrelatedillnessesandinjuries.Itincludes informationaboutemployerandemployeerightsandresponsibilities,andaverybrieflookat theinspectionprocess,reporting,andrecordkeeping. ThismodulewillprovebeneficialforthosewhoaredirectlyorindirectlyinvolvedwithOSHA andtheOSHAct.

LearningObjectives:

SummarizewhatOSHAis. DescribetheOccupationalSafetyandHealth(OSH)Act. ExplainhowtheGeneralDutyClauseaffectsemployers. IdentifythedifferenttypesofOSHAviolations. ExplainhowOSHAconductsinspections. ExplainwheretofindOSHAstandardsandguidelines. DiscussOSHAsrequirements. Differentiatebetweenemployersandworkersrights.

LessonTopic: OccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)
OSHArequiresemployersandemployeestoreduceworkplacehazardsbyimplementingnewor improvingexistingsafetyandhealthprograms.AlthoughOSHAdoesnotcovertheself employedorimmediatemembersoffarmfamiliesthatdonotemployoutsideworkers,OSHA standardsdocoverthefollowingemployergroups: GeneralIndustry Construction Maritime Agriculture Thereare26statesandterritoriesthatoperatestateplans,whichmustprovidestandardsand enforcementprograms,aswellasvoluntarycomplianceactivities,thatareatleastaseffective asthefederalOSHAprogram.Asameasureforcompliance,theGeneralDutyClausestates thateachemployer"shallfurnish...aplaceofemploymentwhichisfreefromrecognized hazardsthatarecausingorarelikelytocausedeathorseriousphysicalharmtoemployees."

OSHAhelpssavelives,preventsinjuries,andbalancesacooperativeapproachwithtraditional enforcement.Itsstandards,guidelines,andinspectionproceduresareenforcedinorderto ensurethesafetyandhealthofworkers,aswellastomaintaincomplianceandoffervarious meansofassistance.

LessonTopic:OSHARequirementsandPractices
AllestablishmentscoveredundertheOSHActaresubjecttoinspectionbyOSHAcompliance safetyandhealthofficers.Nearlyallinspectionsareconductedwithoutadvancenotice. However,whenadvancenoticeofaninspectionisgiven,theemployermustinformemployee representativesorarrangeforOSHAtodoso. DuringthecourseoftheinspectiontheCSHOwillpointoutanyunsafeorunhealthfulworking conditionsobserved.Then,attheClosingConference,theCSHOdiscussesthese,suggested abatementmethods,andtimeperiodsforabatement,indicatingallapparentviolationsfor whichacitationmaybeissuedorrecommended. AftertheOSHAComplianceOfficerreportsfindingstohisorheroffice,theAreaDirector determineswhatcitations,ifany,willbeissuedandwhatpenaltieswillbeproposed. Consequently,anycitationsmustbepostedforthreeworkingdaysoruntiltheviolationis corrected,andmustbeatorneartheplacewhereeachviolationoccurred. TheOSHActprohibitsemploymentretaliationagainstanemployeewhocomplainstoan employer,andincertaincircumstances,anemployeemayrefusetoworkunderseriously threateninghealthorsafetyconditions.TheActuniformlygivesworkerstherighttoseeksafe andhealthfulconditionsonthejobwithoutbeingdisciplinedorfired.

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