SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Tenses merupakan perubahan bentuk kata kerja (Verb) oleh karena adanya perubahan keterangan waktu (Adverb Of Time). I. SIMPLE PRESENT Bentuk kalimat yang menunjukkan suatu kejadian yang : Terjadi pada masa kini/sekarang Berulang ulang/ kebiasaan rutin Merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth) Pattern: postive S + Verb 1( s/es) Negative S + do/does + not + inf F4 interrogative do/does + S + inf ? Time signal Every week today once a week twice in a day three times in a week Pemakaian tobe1 (is, am, are) juga merupakan Simple Present Tense manakala kalimat tidak berpola verbal

II.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung sekarang Patterns : postive S + is/am/are + V ing Negative S + is/am/ are + not + V ing interrogative is/ am/ are + S + Ving ? Time signal - now - right now - at this moment - at this time - at this present Contoh: They are having breakfast now. They are not having breakfast now. Are they having breakfast now? He is running at campus at this present. He is not running at campus at this present. Is he running at campus at this present?.

III. PRESENT PERFECT Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang sudah selesai dilakukan sekarang Pattern: Positive

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S + have/ has +V3/Been + C Negative C S + have/ has + not+V3/Been +

Interrogative have/ has + S + Been + Ving ? Time signal - For, since + time - Since + S. Past (kalimat) Contoh: I have been living here since I was born. I have not not living here since I was born Have I been living here since I was born? Time signal Since + For time Since + S. Past (S + Vb2) Contoh: She has been living here since 1970. I have been writing three letters since yesterday. They have been working in that company for five years. Since he was nine, he has been playing football. Since I was there, she has been going to another city. Meaning Still, Continue + kalimat Keep present Contoh: She has been sleeping for two hours. Means : she is still sleeping Note : Have/has lived Have/has taught Have/has worked Meaning Still, Continue + kalimat Keep present

Interrogative have/ has + S + V3/Been + C? Time signal - For, since + time - Since + S. Past (kalimat) Contoh: I have lived here since I was born. I have not lived here since I was born Have I lived here since I was born? I have been a teacher since 1989. I have not been a teacher since 1989. Have I been a teacher since 1989? Meaning stop + kalimat finish present not anymore Contoh: Rina has slept for three hours . Means: She is not sleeping anymore. IV. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Kalimat yang menyatakan kejadian yang sudah dilakukan dan masih berlangsung hingga sekarang. Pattern: Positive S + have/ has + Been + Ving Negative S + have/ has + not+ Been + Ving 111

Contoh: She has worked there for three years. Means: She continues working there.

(D) (E)

are you looking did you look

5. X : ____ many people come here every night? Y : I dont know exactly (A) Are there (B) Were there (C) Was there (D) There are (E) There were 6. Yunny has been studying English for four years. It means ____ (A) She doesnt study English anymore (B) She is still studying English now (C) She wants to study English (D) She wants to study another subject (E) She finished studying English 7. Nothing ___ since we left the place. (A) has been changed (B) is changed (C) will be changed (D) was changed (E) would be changed

1. Dina : Your English skill is very good. Leo : Thanks, I ____ it for eight years. (A) had studied (B) have studied (C) studied (D) study (E) am studying 2. Angle : may I borrow your pen? Etha : Im sorry, but I _____ it now. (A) was using (B) use (C) used (D) am using (E) will use

SOAL PENGANTAR

8. Vika : Is your brother sleeping? Jihan : Yes, he ___ for three hours. (A) is sleeping 3. A : When do you go to (B) sleeps Yogyakarta? (C) sleep B : I will go next Friday. In fact, I (D) has been sleeping ___ in (E) have been sleeping Jakarta for five years (A) am living 9. The quality of the shoes and the (B) was living shock ___ not very good. (C) have been living (A) is (D) had been living (B) it is (E) am going to live (C) to be (D) they are 4. Dimas : Andi, what _____ for? (E) are Andi : Oh, I try to find my watch. 10. Tono : Why dont you come early? (A) were you looking I (B) do you look ___ for two hours (C) have you look Nora : I am sorry 112

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

will wait will be waiting have been waiting had waited wait

Jawaban : C 4. Pembahasan: Present continuous right now now at five oclock at this present is/am/are + Vb-ing present continuous Jawaban : D 5. Pembahasan: Simpe present every day every night twice a week three times a year Vb1 / is, am, are She / he / it + Vb1 (e/es) Jawaban: A

PEMBAHASAN SOAL PENGANTAR

1. Pembahasan: Present perfect Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours) (Kalimat lain Present ) present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect) present perfect cont. have/has + been+Vb-ing (Prest Perf Cont) I have studied it for eight years But I am using it now Jawaban : B

2. Pembahasan: Present continuous : right now at 10 pm / am now at this present at 5 oclock now is/am/are + Vb-ing present continuous Jawaban : D 3. Pembahasan: Present perfect continuous Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours) (Kalimat lain Present ) present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect) present perfect cont. have/has + been+Vb-ing (Prest Perfect Cont) In fact, I have been living for five years. 113

6. Pembahasan: Meaning present perfect cont. Have / has + been + Vb-ing still (present) continue + Vb-ing keep + Vb-ing Jawaban: B 7. Pembahasan: Present perfect Since + kalimat past (S + Vb2 + was/were) have / has + V3/been (Present perfect) have / has + been + Vb-ing (pres perfect cont)
Nothing has been changed since we left.

Jawaban : A 8. Pembahasan: Present perfect continuous

Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours) (Kalimat lain Present ) present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect) present perfect cont. have/has + been + Vb-ing (Prest Perft Cont) He has been sleeping for three hours. Jawaban: D 9. Pembahasan: Simple present I/We Vb1/am You Vb1/are They, we Vb1/are She He It Vb1 + es/s/is Vb1 + es/s/is Vb1 + es/s/is

(C) will not eat, will come out (D) will not eat, come out (E) are not eating, are coming out 2. Every night the watchman ___ around the building every half an hour. (A) walks (D) walking (B) is walking (E) to walk (C) to be walking 3. Andi : I didnt see your sister. Where is she? Roy : Shes studying in Australia Andi : Oh, how long has she been there? Roy : ___. (A) Last year (D) By next year (B) A year ago (E) Yesterday (C) Since last year 4. Is the rescue team still looking for survivors of the plane crash? Yes, they ___ the area for hours, but they have not found any yet. (A) searched (B) will be searching (C) were searching (D) had searched (E) have been searching 5. Do you often go to restaurants? No, it ___ quite a long time since I went to a restaurant with my friends (A) has been (D) was (B) would be (E) had been (C) is being 6. What a beautiful voice. She is talented singer.

The quality it is Jawaban: A 10.Pembahasan: Present perfect cont. Since/ For + waktu (for eight hours) (Kalimat lain Present) present perfect have / has + V3/been (Pres. Perfect) present perfect cont. have/has + been+Vb-ing (Pres. Perf. Cont) I have been waiting for two hours. Jawaban : C

1. Some animals ___ during the winter and only ___ in spring. (A) do not eat, come out (B) do not eat, will come out 114

SOAL SOAL LATIHAN

She ___ since she was a child. (A) sang (B) sings (C) is singing (D) had been singing (E) has been singing 7. Several hotels in this region are closing down That because tourism itself ___ since last year (A) Is not declining (B) had not declining (C) has nt been declining (D) was nt declining (E) didnt decline 8. Anwar was promoted as president of your company last week, wasnt he? Im glad he was; he ___ in this company for years. (A) had worked (B) has been working (C) was working (D) would work (E) worked 9. Do you hear something? Yes, somebody ___ at the door (A) knocks (B) knocked (C) is knocking (D) has knocked (E) was knocking 10.Kiki usually sits next to Doni, but now he ___ next to Didi. (A) sat (D) is sitting (B) has sat (E) was sitting (C) would sit

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