Assignment III Part I: Phonemes and allophones (7%) Instruction: Answer all the following questions accurately.

Please consult any books and periodicals in the library, or the internet for the answers. You may want to try to search for such key as IPA for Thai consonant and vowels. Questions: 1. How many consonant sounds are there in Thai? What are they? Provide phonetic symbols of all these sound and write them in a form of a table like Table 16 on page 52 in the textbook. Give one example of a Thai word for each consonant sounds with its phonemic transcription and meaning (e.g., the phoneme  in Thai can be found in the information about tone in Thai)) 1.1 How many consonant sounds are there in Thai? There are twenty one distinct consonant sounds in Thai. 1.2 What are they? Thai consonant sounds are  ,   ,   ,    ,  ,   ,  ,   , ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , , . 1.3 Phonetic Characteristics of All Thai Consonants sounds    , steal. (Ignore

POA/ MOA

Bilabi al

Labi odent al

Dent Alveol Palato Palat al ar alveol ar

    

Vel ar

Glott al

al

(oral)stop  Nasal(sto p) Fricative Affricativ e Trill Approxim ant Lateral

  

   

      

( ) 

Note: For the cell which contain three phonetic symbols, the one on the left is the voiceless sound and it is unaspirated, the one on the middle is the voiceless sound and it is aspirated, and the one on the right is the voiced sound and it is unaspirated.

1.4 Example of a Thai word for each consonant sounds with its phonemic transcription and meaning                        run tail fat                           boat try             ,     ,    ,            egg snake plate elephant chain grandmother child kidneys golden field house fish monk dream horse chicken

Note: These examples are ignored the information about tone in Thai.

2. How many vowels sounds are there in Thai? What are they? Provide phonetic symbols of all these sounds. Give one example of a Thai word for each of the vowel sounds with its phonemic transcription and meaning (e.g., the phoneme   in Thai can be found in Thai)) 2.1 How many vowel sounds are there in Thai? There are twenty one vowel sounds in Thai. 2.2 What are they? Vowel sounds can be classified into two groups as follow. 2.2.1 Simple vowels, there are eighteen vowels. Thai simple vowels are  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   2.2.2 Diphthongs, there are six vowels. Thai diphthongs are    ,    ,    ,    ,       2.2.3 Note: [1] Extra vowels are not distinct vowel sounds, but are symbols that represent certain vowel-consonant combinations. They are traditionally regarded as vowels, although some sources do not. [2] The sound   is represented by two vowel -, - . Extra vowels [1], there are seven vowels. Thai extra
[2]

   , have. (Ignore the information about tone in

vowels are   ,  

,  , 

[3]

,   ,  ,  

Sometime this sound may be pronounced   . [3] The sound   may be pronounced in different ways such you can pronounce   ( ) or    ( ).

2.3 Example of a Thai word for each consonant sounds with its phonemic transcription and meaning                                        cow goat mother because neck                   love bloom think color practice to be contain crab kick cradle many meet table

 "
[1]

                   

wooden sandals lose one vowel in Thai bore the sound when broken a fear make far beard season anchorite recall be well-known

branch Note:
[2] [3]

                                 

       

- [1] is a vowel in Thai but it isn t see it now. - [1], [2] are old fashion words. - These examples are ignored the information about tone in Thai.

3. Consider the status of vowel length in Thai and English. From the answer in (2), you should learn that Thai vowels are paired up into short and long vowels such as  ( ) and   ( ). In class, we have learned that English vowels are divided by tense and lax vowels (instead of short and long vowels). What do you think about status of the vowels length in Thai? Is it considered as a phoneme or an allophone in Thai? State your reasons. Make use of the concepts of phoneme and allophone you have studied in class. 3.1 What do you think about status of the vowels length in Thai?

Since we have to learn that Thai vowels we think the vowels length in Thai is the quality of vowel because in our view we think the terms "long" and "short" refer to the relative length of time for which the vowel is pronounced. But the quality of vowels in English more properly referred to by the terms lax and tense (interest about the relative degree of muscle tension of the tongue). This feature, vowel duration, is not contrastive in English; for example, you can say, "ball" quickly or draw out the vowel, "baaaaaaall", and while it may sound strange the word still has the same meaning. But in Thai, you must use the correct duration. If you use the incorrect duration, the word will has different meaning. Case in point, you say     it

means third person singular (he, she, his, her) or plural pronoun (they, them). Instead of you say      it means write.

3.2 Is it considered as a phoneme or an allophone in Thai? State your reasons. In our point of view, we think in Thai language use the concepts of phoneme . Because from our notice we found that some sounds in Thai such as  and   are not the same phoneme and when one of the phonemes is replaced in the same position in the word by another it create the new word with a new meaning. For example, the sound aunt but the sound Language.    it means     it means cloth. From this notice

we can sum the concepts of phoneme are used in Thai

Part II: Narrow Transcription (3%) Instructions: Consider the following the phonetic transcription and see if there are any errors. Make use of the 14 rules of allophonic changes you have studied in class. For each of the transcription, there could be no error or more than one error. Then, correct the errors by writing the transcription of the whole words in the space provided. 1.                    2.                      3.         4.         5.        6.                    7.            (rotten now)           8.         9.                        10.              correction=>                correction=>         correction=> correction=> correction=>        correction=> correction=>        correction=> correction=> correction=>

Part II: Narrow Transcription (3%) Instructions: Consider the following the phonetic transcription and see if there are any errors. Make use of the 14 rules of allophonic changes you have studied in class. For each of the transcription, there could be no error or more than one error. Then, correct the errors by writing the transcription of the whole words in the space provided. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.           (strong) (cubic) correction=>

                 

Note (4),(6),(2) correction=> Note (3),(6),(1),(3) correction=>

           

        (licked)

        written=>/r  t n/ (    ) 8        (filth) Note (1)

kz. m/)

correction=>

      

         (chasm=> /

correction=>

         

Note (11),(1)
r t. n.na /)

           (rotten now=> /         (gate)

correction=>           Note(10) correction=>         Note (3),(11)           

20.

             (prompted) correction=>

               Note(6),(2)