PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS OF DISEASES

Pathognomonic is a term, often used in medicine that means characteristic for a particular disease
-the word pathognomonic comes from the Greek pathognomonikos meaning skilled in judging diseases Pathognomonic Signs are particular sign whose presence means that a particular disease is present beyond any doubt

Diseases Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Abruption Placenta Acute Myeloid Leukemia Acute Renal Failure Addison's disease Amoebiasis Angina pectoris Appendicitis Arthritis Ascariasis Asthma Atrial Septal Defect Autism Bacterial Vaginosis Basilar Fracture Breech Birth Buergers Disease (Thromboangitis Obliterans) Bulimia Nervosa Candidiasis Carbon monoxide poisoning Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cataract Celiac Disease Chicken Pox Cholecystitis Cholera Chronic hemorrhagic pancreatitis Cushings Syndrome CVA Cystocele and Rectocele Cytomegalovirus infection Dengue Detached Retina

Signs Pulsating abdominal mass Painful bleeding, board-like abdomen Auer rod Azotemia, uremic frost on skin Bronze-like skin pigmentation Mucoid, foul explosive blood tinged stool Levine's sign (hand clutching of chest) Rebound tenderness (McBurneys point) Rovsing Sign (Right Left Quadrant pain with palpation in Left lower quadrant) Buotonniere deformity, swan neck deformity, ulnar drift, Bouchards nodes Vomiting, passing out of worms Wheezing on expirations Murmur heard high on chest Rocking, spinning, routines Grayish, white discharge, malodorous Raccoons eye Meconium staining Intermittent claudication Chipmunk facies (parotid gland swelling) Cheeselike discharge Cherry pink flushed face, carbon in the secretions, non productive cough Jack Hammer Syndrome (Tinels sign) Blurry vision/hazy vision, cloudy vision Gluten sensitivity, watery, pale foul-smelling stool Vesiculopapular rash Murphy's sign (pain on deep inspiration when inflamed gallbladder is palpated) Rice-watery stool Washers woman hands Grey-Turner's sign (ecchymosis in flank area) Moon face Buffalo Hump Homonymous Hemianopsia Feeling of fullness at vagina Owls eye appearance of inclusion bodies Hermans sign Flashes of light, shadow with curtain across

Diseases Diabetes Ketoacidosis Diabetes Mellitus Diphtheria Down Syndrome Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy Emphysema Encephalitis Enterobiasis Failure to Thrive (FTT) GERD Glaucoma Gonorrhea Gouty Arthritis Guillain-Barre Hemophilia Henoch-Schnlein purpura Hepatic Disease Herpes Zoster Hirschprungs disease (Megacolon) H-mole Hodgkins Lymphoma Hyperthyroidism Hypocalcemia Increased IOP Intestinal Obstruction Intussusceptions Irritable Bowel Syndrome Kawasaki Disease Kleibsiella Pneumonia Klinefelters Syndrome Leprosy Leptospirosis Liver cirrhosis Lymes disease Malaria Measles Menieres disease Meningitis Meningococcemia Monillasis Multiple Sclerosis

Signs the vision Acetone breath 3Ps (polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria) Pseudomembrane on tonsils, pharynx and nasal cavity Protruding tongue, saddle nose, brushfields spots, single crease on palm Gowers' sign Barrel chest Decorticate and decerebate rigidity Nocturnal itchiness Radar gaze Barret esophagus, heartburn Tunnel vision Burning sensation upon urination Formation of tophi at the earlobe usually the big toe Ascending paralysis Hemarthoses A tetrade of rash, arthralgia, abdominal pain and kidney disease in a child Asterixis, jaundice Regional painful rash Ribbon-like, foul smelling stool Grapelike growth, large abdomen Hodgkin and Reed-Sternburg cells (giant mono- and multinucleated cells) Exophthalmos Trousseau sign and Chvostek sign Dolls eye No passage of meconium Sausage shaped mass, dance sign, currant jelly-like stool Typical triad: abdominal pain with tenderness on palpation, altered bowel habits, absence of detectable disease Strawberry tongue Red gelatinous sputum XXY in males Leonine facies (thickened lion-like facial skin) Nerve involvement with acid fast bacilli Orange eyes Spider angioma Bull eyes rash Cycle of hot stage (high fever) followed by diaphoretic stage (sweating) and then cold stage (chilling) Koplik's spots Vertigo Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's sign Purple petechiae White cheesy discharge Descending weakness, Charcots sign

Diseases Mumps Myasthenia Gravis (MG) Myocardial Infarction Neurofibromatosis Oral Thrush Osteoporosis Pancreatitis Parkinsons disease Patent ductus arteriosus Pericarditis Pernicious anemia Pertusis Pertusis Phemphigus Vulgaris Phenylketonuria Placenta previa Pleural effusion Pneumonia Poliomyelitis Rabies Retinoblastoma Rheumatic fever Rock Mountain Spotted Fever Scabies Scarlet fever Sickle cell anemia Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Tetanus Tracheoesophageal fistula Trichominiasis Turners Syndrome Typhoid fever Whipples disease

Signs (intention tremor, nystagmus, scanning speech) Swollen parotid gland Ptosis (inability to open upper eyelids), nasal smile Levines sign Plexiform neurofibroma White patches on tongue Kyphosis Cullen's sign (bluish discoloration of umbilicus) Pill-rolling tremors Machine-like murmur Pericardial friction rub Red beefy tongue Paroxysmal cough ending with a whoop Violent cough without intervening inhalation followed by an inspiratory whoop Nikolsky sign Blue eyes Painless bright red bleeding Stony dull percussion Rusty colored sputum Pokers sign, Haynes sign Hydrophobia/photophobia Cats eye reflex Aschoff nodules Rose colored macules Weeping itch Raspberry tongue Painful episodes or vaso-occlusive crisis Butterfly rash Risus sardonicus, lockjaw 3cs= coughing, choking, cyanosis Malodorous, thin yellow discharge Karyotype in females, webbed neck, gonadal dysgenesis Rose spots in abdomen Oculo-masticatory myorhythmia

Pathognomonic signs of Communicable Diseases

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. COPD Pneumonia Pernicious Anemia Kawasaki Dse Malaria Barrel-Chested Greenish Rusty Sputum Beefy Red Tongue (Schillings Test) Strawberry Tongue Stepladder Fever

6. Typhoid 7. Tetany

Rose Spot Chvostek Sign (Muscle Twitching Face) Trosseaus Sign (Jerky Movements) 8. Pancreatitis Cullens Sign (Bluish discoloration periumbilical area) 9. Appendicitis McBurneys Point (rebound tenderness) Rovsing Sign (RLQ pain w/ palpation in LLQ) Psoas Sign(pain on lying down putting pressure on MB pt) 10. Thrombophlebitis Homans Sign 11. Hepatitis Icteric Sclerae (yellowish discoloration of sclera) 12. Meningitis Burdzinskis Sign (Pain on nape) Kernigs Sign (pain on leg/ knee area) 13. Pyloric Stenosis Olive-Shaped Mass 14. Hyperthyroidism Exopthalmos 15. Addisons Dse. Bronze-like skin 16. Cushing SyndromeBuffalo Hump 17. Cholera Rice Watery Stool 18. SLE Butterfly Rashes 19. Leprosy Leonine Facie (contracted face) 20. Bulimia Nervosa Chipmunk Face 21. Liver Cirrhosis Spider Angioma 22. Asthma Wheezing Inspiration 23. Hyperpituitarism CAROTENEMIA (Discoloration of skin) XANTHAMIA 24. Down SyndromeSingle Crease on Palm/Simean crease 25.TOF Clubbing of Fingernails Ventricular Septal Defect Pulmonary Stenosis Overriding of Aorta Right Ventricular Hypertrophy 26. Cataract Blurry Vision / Hazy Vision / cloudy Vision 27. Glucoma Tunnel-like Vision 28. PTB Low grade fever in afternoon 29. Cholecystitis Murphys Sign (pain RUQ) 30. Myasthemia Gravis (MG) Ptosis (inability to open upper eyelids) 31. Dengue Petechiae / (+) tourniquet test 32. Parkinsons Dse. - Pill Rolling Tremors 33. MI Levines Sign (Clutching of the chest)

34. Measles

Kopliks Spot

http://www.scribd.com/doc/49773406/Pathognomonic-Signs-of-Diseases
Pathognomonic is a sign or symptom that is so characteristic of a disease that it makes the diagnosis. Pathognomonic (pronounced patho-no-monic) comes from the Greek pathognomonikos meaning skilled in judging diseases. As it is very important to know how to assess characteristic manifestations of some communicable diseases at an early stage, here are the pathognomonic signs and symptoms of some common communicable diseases. AIDS opportunistic and malignant manifestations, T4 below 200/dl. (Opportunistic infection infection that occurs because of a weakened immune system. Opportunistic infections are a particular danger for people with AIDS. The HIV virus itself does not cause death, but the opportunistic infections that occur because of its effect on the immune system can.) Amoebiasis bloody mucoid stool. Ascariasis vomiting, passing out of worm. Candidiasis cheeselike discharge. Chicken pox vesiculopopular lesions. Cholera rice-watery stool. Dengue/Hemorrhagic Fever Hermans sign. It appears on the upper and lower extremities, purplish or violaceous red with blanched areas about 1 cm or less in size. Diptheria pseudomembrane, a localized inflammatory process; Grayish-white, leathery consistency. Enterobiasis nocturnal itchiness. Filariasis - Elephantiasis. German Measles/Rubella Forscheimers spots, a mild enanthem of petechial lesions. Gonorrhea thick purulent discharge. Herpes Zoster lesions follow peripheral nerve pathway. Leptospirosis orange eyes. Malaria fever and chills. Measles/Rubeola Kopliks spots, little spots inside the mouth. The spots look like a tiny grains of white sand, each surrounded by a red ring. They are found especially on the inside of the cheek (the buccal mucosa) opposite the 1st and 2nd upper molars. Meningitis nucchal rigidity. Mumps swollen parotid glands. Pertussis paroxysmal coughs ending with whoop. Pneumonia rusty sputum.

Polio flaccid paralysis, weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone without other obvious cause (e.g., trauma). Rabies hydrophobia, a morbid fear of water. Because of this name, many people think that rabies makes one afraid of water. In fact, this is not the case (although rabies does cause mental confusion of other kinds). The name hydrophobia comes from the fact that animals and people with rabies get spasms in their throat muscles that are so painful that they cannot eat or drink, and so will refuse water in spite of being very thirsty.

Scabies weeping itch. Scarlet Fever raspberry tongue. Syphilis painless chancre or ulceration. Tetanus locked jaw or trismus. Tuberculosis initially ASYMPTOMATIC. Typhoid Fever 3 cardinal signs: ladderlike fever, rose spots, spleenomegaly (enlargement of spleen beyond its normal size).

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