CA - Ex - S2M05 - RIP Version 1.Ppt (Compatibility Mode)

Chapter 5: RIP version 1
CCNA Exploration version 4.0
Objectives

Describe the functions, characteristics, and operation of the RIPv1 protocol. Configure a device for using RIPv1. Verify proper RIPv1 operation. Describe how RIPv1 performs automatic summarization. Configure, verify, and troubleshoot default routes propagated in a routed network implementing RIPv1. Use recommended techniques to solve problems related to RIPv1
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RIPv1: Distance Vector, Classful Routing Protocol
RIP History
RIP Characteristics 1. A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol 2. Metric = hop count 3. Routes with a hop count > 15 are unreachable (considers a metric of 16 as infinity ) 4. Updates are broadcast every 30 seconds 5. Calculates metrics using the Bellman Ford algorithm
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RIP Message Format
RIP Message Format
RIP header - divided into 3 fields

1. Command field 2. Version field 3. Must be zero Route Entry - composed of 3 fields 1. Address family identifier 2. IP address 3. Metric
RIPv1 Message
RIP Operation
RIP uses 2 message types:

1. Request message Each RIP-configured interface sends out a request message on startup, requesting that all RIP neighbors send their complete routing tables. 2. Response message A response message is sent back by RIP-enabled neighbors.
RIPv1
a)
b)
c)
Triggered update
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RIPv1
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RIPv1
RIP is a classful routing protocol 1. Does not send subnet masks in routing updates 2. When update routing information, using: 1. The subnet mask configured on a local interface 2. or applies the default subnet mask based on the address class. 3. RIPv1 networks cannot be discontiguous nor can they implement VLSM.
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Administrative Distance
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Administrative Distance
Default AD=120. When compared to other interior

gateway protocols, RIP is the least-preferred routing protocol. IS-IS, OSPF, IGRP, and EIGRP all have lower default AD values.
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Basic RIPv1 Configuration
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Basic RIPv1 Configuration
Router(config)# router rip Router(config-router)# network A.B.C.D
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R1(config)#router rip (config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 (config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 (config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 R2(config)#router rip (config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 (config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 (config-router)#network 172.16.2.0
Specifying Networks
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Specifying Networks
Router(config-router)#network
directly-connected-classfulnetwork-address
Enables RIP on all interfaces that belong to a specific network. Associated interfaces will now both send and receive RIP updates. Advertises the specified network in RIP routing updates sent to other routers every 30 seconds.
Specifying Networks
Typing interface IP addresses as the following:
Router(config-if)#router rip Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.2 Router(config-router)#network 3.3.3.2
show running-config
router rip network 1.0.0.0 network 3.0.0.0

Verification and Troubleshooting
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show ip route
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show ip route
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show ip protocols
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show ip protocols
RIP routing is configured The correct interfaces send and

receive RIP updates The router advertises the correct networks RIP neighbors are sending updates Animation 5.3.2
debug ip rip
Animation 5.3.3
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Passive interfaces

To prevent a router from sending updates through an interface. Example:
Router(config-router)#passive-interface FastEthernet 0/0
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Passive interfaces
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Remove RIP
To remove the RIP routing process use

the following command Router(config)#no router rip To check the configuration use the following command Router#show running-config
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Automatic Summarization
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Boundary Routers RIP automatically summarizes

classful networks Boundary routers summarize RIP subnets from one major network to another.
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Major network = Classful network
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Processing RIP Updates
2 rules govern RIPv1 updates:

1. If a routing update and the interface its received on belong to the same network then the subnet mask of the interface is applied to the network in the routing update 2. If a routing update and the interface its received on belong to a different network then the classful subnet mask of the network is applied to the network in the routing update.
10.1.0.0/16 .2 10.2.0.0/16 .2 .2 12.1.0.0/16

+ 10.1.0.0/16 is same major net as sourcing of update 10.2.0.0/16 ? -Yes: are they have same subnet mask? - Yes : advertise the subnet 10.1.0.0/16 + 12.1.0.0 /16 is same major net as sourcing of update 10.2.0.0/16 ? - No: Summarize to 12.0.0.0 to advertise Send update -No: do any of this major net exist in RT? - No : Router 2 apply major net 12.0.0.0/8 to RT + 10.1.0.0 /16 same major net as receiving interface 10.2.0.0/16 ? - Yes:Router 2 apply mask of receiving interface (/16) to subnet Receive update Router 1
.1
Router 2
.1 10.3.0.0/16
+ Is 12.0.0.0 same major net as receiving interface 10.2.0.0/16 ?
Same major
Y N
Summarize to major
Y
Same major
Subnet in RT
Same mask
Y
Advertise update
Install route using receiving mask interface
Install major route
Discontiguous network
.2 .2 10.1.0.0/16
Router 1
172.16.0.0/16
.1
Router 2
.1
10.2.0.0/16
+ 10.1.0.0/16 is same major net as sourcing of update 172.16.0.0/16 ? + Is 10.0.0.0 same major net as receiving interface 172.16.0.0/16 ? -No:Summarize to 10.0.0.0 to advertise -No: do any of this major net exist in RT known from interfaces other than that which received the update? - Yes : Router 2 ignore the update
Using debug ip rip to see update
Static route:
ip route network [ mask ] { address | interface } [ distance ] [ permanent ]
On Router 1: ip route 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.0.1 On Router 2 ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.0.2
Processing RIP Updates
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Sending RIP Updates
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Advantages of Automatic Summarization
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Advantages of Automatic Summarization
RIP uses automatic summarization

to reduce the size of a routing table. Single routes are used to represent multiple routes which results in faster lookup in the routing table.
Disadvantages of Automatic Summarization
Does not support discontiguous networks

Disadvantages of Automatic Summarization
Discontiguous Topologies do not

converge with RIPv1 A router will only advertise major network addresses out interfaces that do not belong to the advertised route.
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Default Route and RIPv1
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Packets that are not defined specifically in a

routing table will go to the specified interface for the default route Example: Customer routers use default routes to connect to an ISP router.
Router(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0

{exit-interface | next-hop IP address}
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Propagating the Default Route in

RIPv1:
Router(config-router)# default-information originate
This command is used to specify that

the router is to originate default information, by propagating the static default route in RIP update.
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Gateway of last resort
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Propogate the static default route Gate(config)# Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial0/1 Gate(config)#router rip default-information originate Or Gate(config)#router rip redistribute static
Other command
Router# clear ip route * Delete all route entries in RT. Do

not effect to the directly connected routes.
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Other command
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Other command
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Q/A
All routers are configured with valid interface addresses in the indicated networks and are running RIPv1. The network is converged. Which routes are present in the routing tables?
Q/A
The Ethernet interface on Router2 goes down and the administrator notices that the route is still valid in the routing table of Router1. How much longer will it take for Router1 to mark the route invalid by setting the metric to 16?
Labs
1. Basic RIP Configuration 2. Challenge RIP Configuration 3. RIP Troubleshooting
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Summary
RIP characteristics include: Classful, distance vector routing protocol Metric is Hop Count Does not support VLSM or discontiguous subnets Updates every 30 seconds Rip messages are encapsulated in a UDP segment with source and destination ports of 520
Summary: Commands used by RIP
Command Rtr(config)#router rip Rtr(config-router)#network
Commands purpose Enables RIP routing process Associates a network with a RIP routing process
Rtr#debug ip rip Rtr(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 Rtr(config-router)#default-information originate Rtr#show ip protocols
used to view real time RIP routing updates Prevent RIP updates from going out an interface Used by RIP to propagate default routes Used to display timers used by RIP
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CA - Ex - S2M05 - RIP Version 1.Ppt (Compatibility Mode)

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Chapter 5: RIP version 1

CCNA Exploration version 4.0

H c vi n m ng Bch Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com

RIPv1: Distance Vector, Classful Routing Protocol

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H c vi n m ng Bch Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com

RIP Message Format

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RIP Message Format

RIP header - divided into 3 fields

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RIP uses 2 message types:

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Default AD=120. When compared to other interior

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Basic RIPv1 Configuration

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Basic RIPv1 Configuration

Router(config)# router rip Router(config-router)# network A.B.C.D

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Typing interface IP addresses as the following:

Router(config-if)#router rip Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.2 Router(config-router)#network 3.3.3.2

router rip network 1.0.0.0 network 3.0.0.0

Verification and Troubleshooting

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RIP routing is configured The correct interfaces send and

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To remove the RIP routing process use

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H c vi n m ng Bch Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com

Boundary Routers RIP automatically summarizes

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Major network = Classful network

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Processing RIP Updates

2 rules govern RIPv1 updates:

10.1.0.0/16 .2 10.2.0.0/16 .2 .2 12.1.0.0/16

+ Is 12.0.0.0 same major net as receiving interface 10.2.0.0/16 ?

Install route using receiving mask interface

Install major route

Using debug ip rip to see update

Processing RIP Updates

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Sending RIP Updates

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Advantages of Automatic Summarization

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Advantages of Automatic Summarization

RIP uses automatic summarization

Disadvantages of Automatic Summarization

Does not support discontiguous networks

Disadvantages of Automatic Summarization