Shock/boundary layer interactions

Turbulent compressible channel ows

F.S. Godeferd Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et dAcoustique Ecole Centrale de Lyon, France Journee Calcul Intensif en Rhone Alpes

Contents

Presentation of the UFAST project Numerical method Shock in a curved channel Shock reection Perspectives

An example of normal shock/boundary layer interaction

[Experiment at the University of Cambridge - Bruce & Babinsky]

An example of normal shock/boundary layer interaction

[Experiment at the University of Cambridge - Bruce & Babinsky]

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The UFAST project 2006-2009

Unsteady eFfects of shock wAve induced SeparaTion European STREP project 18 academic and industrial partners

Experiments RANS, URANS LES Control

http://www.ufast.gda.pl

Motivation of the study

unsteady shock wave boundary layer interaction

Aeronautical industry shock waves on wings/proles, nozzle ows and inlet ows Interaction unsteadiness initiated and/or generated by SWBLI; often destabilized by
the outer ow eld; response of shock wave and separation to periodic excitations

Control methods: synthetic jets, electro-hydrodynamic actuators, stream-wise vortex

generators and transpiration ow Can we reproduce the unsteady interaction with URANS ? Need of costly LES ?

LMFA: URANS using platform elsA (ONERA)

Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulations Physical model

mean owReynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations turbulence two-equation model k -L (turbulent kinetic energy, mixing length); or one-equation model Spalart-Allmaras for turbulent viscosity t . Sutherland viscosity law (T ) = Adiabatic walls
+C 0 T0+C T T T0 3/2

Numerical method

Conservative nite volume method Roe uxes with limiters Implicit Euler timestepping Multi-blocks structured mesh Parallel resolution

Initialization - Example: Channel ow with bump [expe. in Queens U. Belfast]

Uniform initializationEulerlaminar Navier-Stokesturbulent Navier-Stokes

Subsonic freestream: Ma = 0.783 Peak: Ma = 1.365 Normal shock

Animation

Performance
Location Architecture # proc. # cores cpu/pt/ite seconds LMFA P2CHPD IDRIS ECL Opteron 280 2Ghz Opteron 252 2.6Ghz Nec SX8 2 x3550 1 1 4 16 1 1 Mem/pt bytes 347 510 394 495 Static max speedup 3.9 10a 1 1

-Server EV7 1.15Ghz

2.3 106 6.5 107 6.7 107 9.9 106

URANS of curved channel ow at Ma

Polish Institute of Mechanics experiment

= 1.45

Inlet conditions: P=101kPa; T=290K. Turbulence: Tu=1%; L=1% channel height. Outlet conditions: pressure ratio specied in URANS to match experimental shock location 10

Splitted geometry with N

= 8 procs; 4.5 106 grid points

Bottom wall boundary layer resolution: y + 2 Side walls: y + 20

Need to test the dependence of the solution on various elements of the simulation 11

Details of ow in shock zone

The simulation allows a detailed investigation of the ow Mach contours, showing Ma = 1.45 upstream the shock

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Oil ow visualization

URANS streaklines

Detachment/re-attachment length

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URANS streamlines access to 3D ow structure

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Adjustment of shock position: dependence on geometry

1 degree opening of channel at the outlet

Mach number contours in a transverse wall for choked and unchoked geometries. The curve shows the Mach number at mid-section in this plane. 15

Dependence on expression of uxes and outlet pressure

Effect of counterpressure. Effect of uxes scheme: Roe or Jameson.

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Flow unsteadiness
Main shock oscillations in the experiment: power spectrum

No unsteadiness in the URANS need to introduce explicit uctuations in URANS

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Shock reection case:

expe. TU Delft

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URANS
Turbulence model:

kL

Mach number at two times and uctuations at point in shock region

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Unphysical solution! Huge detachment and unsteadiness due to poorly performing turbulence model. Reason: turbulence is strongly damped in incoming boundary layer.

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URANS
Turbulence model: Spalart-Allmaras

More reasonable shock detachment but steady ow 22

Perspective: introduce explicit uctuations at inlet

BL uctuations are sufcient to trigger SWBLI unsteadiness Synthetic uctuations injection

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Perspectives of UFAST project

Control of experimental ows Simulations with control Large eddy simulations and hybrid RANS/LES methods Comparison experiment/simulation results and synthesis, with industry partners Database available on web: 2009

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