PROPOSED TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEMES FOR VI, VII, AND VIII SEMESTERS OF B. TECH.

IN PETROLEUM ENGINEERING ALONG WITH COURSE CONTENT Sixth Semester

Sr. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Course Code SHE301 MA 304 PE305 PE306 PE307 Course Title Safety, Health & Environment Numerical Methods Surface operations of Oil & Gas Production Advanced Drilling Technology Well test Analysis & Enhanced Oil 6. 7 8 PE308 SHE302 PE309 Recovery Petroleum Formation Evaluation Safety, Health & Environment Lab Petroleum Engg. Lab. II TOTAL 3 18 1 4 2 2 4 7 1 1 42 4 2 2 26 Lecture 3 3 3 3 3 Tutorial 1 1 1 Practical Credits 6 7 6 7 7 Hrs. 3 4 3 4 4

NOTE: Field visits / Industrial Training during Summer Vacation to be evaluated in VII th semester.

SAFETY, HEALTH, AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH: Hazards in Petroleum Industry (HCs including mixtures):

Toxicity, physiological, Asphyxiation, Skin Affects, Sour / Acidic Gases (e.g. hydrogen Sulphide, Carbon Mono/dioxide etc. with Thresh Hold Limits) Effects of Corrosive Atmosphere & additives during acidizing, Hydro fracturing and Sand Control jobs etc. SAFETY: Flammability of Petroleum: Concept of flash / Fire point, volatility, Flammable Limits, Combustion & Gas Detection. Sources of Ignition Safety Assessment i.e. Safe Processes their development, hazard / failure mode analysis, Safety Analysis (API 14C etc.), preparation of Safety Analysis Function evaluation Chart (SAFE Chart) (a Synergic Approach) applicable to Onshore / Offshore Operations. Process Control with Manual & Automatic Shutdown & Blowdown Systems. Gas Detection System. Fire Detection & Suppression systems. Personnel Protection Systems & Measures (On-shore & Offshore) Disaster & Crisis Management Oil Mine Regulations for Oil Field Operations (OMR-84 of Director General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad and Oil Industries Safety Directorate (OISD, New Delhi) Introduction to OSHAS & ISO 14000 standards Safety Audits. Awareness to safety of employees (owner & contract). Reporting of Accidents & near Miss-accidents. Investigation, Analysis & their follow-up. Monitoring, Auditing & Appraisal system. Disaster Control for oilfield operations. ENVIRONMENT: Environment Concepts:- Effect on eco-system; Air, Water, & Soil of HCs. Impact of Drilling & Production Systems (including Crude oil / Petroleum Products / LPG etc.) Offshore Environmental studies Oil Spills & Control and their management. State, Government of India and international Maritime Environmental Rules & Regulations. Drilling / Oil Storage / Effluent water / waste (solid & sludge) treatments their disposal and remediation of soil etc. Environmental Impact Assessment for Onshore / Offshore operations. Air & noise pollution Control for the various exploring / drilling / processing installations. Minas Texts and References:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Less, F. P., Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2nd ed., Butterworth Heinemann, UK, Year. Peavy, H. S., Rowe, D. R. and Tchobanoglous, G., Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill, New York, Year. Sanders, R. E., Chemical Process Safety, Butterworth Heinemann, UK, Year. Marchell, V. and Ruchemann, S., Fundamentals of Process Safety, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Warwickshire, UK, Year. Kletz, T. A., Critical Aspects of Safety and Loss Prevention, Butterworth, London, Year.

NUMERICAL METHODS

Finite differences and interpolation Curve Fitting Solution of linear and non-linear equations; Numerical differentiation and numerical integration; Solution of ODE and PDE Solution of simultaneous linear equations Text Books and References: 1. Numerical Methods by B. S. Grewal 2. Numerical Methods for Engineers, Chapra and Canale 3. Engineering Mathematics, Kreyszig

SURFACE OPERATIONS FOR OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION SEPARATION: Flash & Differential / Stage Separation, 2 / 3 Phase Separation, Classification of Separators: types, components, control systems, Separators Nomenclature. Working & Design Pressures, Metering Separators 2 & 3 phase, Removal of suspended solids and liquids from gases. Scrubbers and wash tanks etc.,Problems in oil & gas separation, Operation & Maintenance of separators, Safety Features of Separators, De-emulsification and Desalination of crudes. STORAGE (Oil / LPG / LNG): Classification: Offshore / Onshore / Underground, Types of tanks, Tank foundations, construction, fittings & calibration, Maintenance, operation and safety of tanks and tank batteries Vapor control & gravity conservation measures, Vapor Recovery System, Metering of Oil, Gas & Water; Sampling & testing of Crude Oil, Gauging Equipment & Methods. EOR Process (Surface Facilities): Water, Water Sources, Treatment of water for Reservoir Compatibility, Consideration for water handling & injection system, Injectivity Problems. Water Distribution System for injection in wells, Polymer Injection, Gas, Gas collection & distribution system for injection.Group Gathering Stations (GGS) / or Oil Collecting Stations & Gas collecting Stations / and layout of Tank Farms. ACT & LACT Systems. Texts and References: Surface Production Operations Vol-I and II, Arnold Ken and Stewart Maurice Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, Chillangarian G V Storage and Handling of Petroleum Liquids, Huges J R and Swindles Petroleum Storage Principles, Alex Marks

ADVANCED DRILLING TECHNOLOGY Objectives of Directional Drilling. Tools for deflection & orientation Directional well profiles and well path deflection & corrections Motor Types: PD motors and Turbo-drills; their description, power calculations and applications. Auto and Verti-track systems: Rotary steerable motors and geo-steering tools Horizontal well drilling: Objectives & selection, Drilling techniques and different well profiles, Special mud requirements and their characteristics, Drill & casing string requirements with the completion programs. Slant Hole Drilling: Objectives & selections of rig etc., Well profiles & applications. Measurements While Drilling: Objectives of MWD / LWD their tools, telemetry system and data interpretation, Problems & their interpretation. Well Surveying: Objectives & methods. Surveying analysis & calculations for well coordinates. Special Drilling Methods: Aerated / under balanced / overbalanced / HP-HT / plasma / electrical / top-drive / re-entry / extended reach / jet / multilateral / slim-hole and coil tubing drilling methods. Directional drilling problems & their remedies Drilling Economics Drilling Computer Applications Well Control Principles & Procedures Text Books and References: Horizontal Well Technology, S.D. Joshi. Well control problem solutions, N J Adam Applied Drilling Engineering, A.T Bourgrove jr., K.K. Millehim. Drilling fluids Optimization, J.L. Lummus and J.J. Azar] Formulas and Calculation for Drilling, NJ. Lapeyrouse Blowout Prevention, Goins WC jr. Horizontal Wells, RAguilera et. Al. Oil Well Drilling Technology, Mc Gray & Cole Well Completion & Servicing, Perrins D

WELL TEST ANALYSIS & ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (A) WELL TEST ANALYSIS Principles of fluid flow for steady state, semi steady state & non steady state conditions Steady State Flow Tests (Indicator Diagram) and Gas Well tests Diffusivity equation derivation & Constant Terminal Rate Solution Drill Stem Testing: Equipment, DST Chart observation, analysis & interpretation Pressure Transient Tests: Pressure Build-up / Draw-down tests, RLT (Reservoir Limit Test) etc. for both oil and gas. PBU / PDD in Horizontal wells. Pressure Fall Off test in Injection wells Multi rate tests, Average reservoir pressure. Type Curves & their uses (B) ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY Introduction to EOR Reservoir Engineering aspects of enhanced recovery methods Water Flooding concepts well spacing for fluid injection Buckley Leverett Principle for immiscible flooding & Mobility Ratio Concepts Polymer Flooding Surfactant flooding Caustic flooding ASP Principles and applications Miscible Flooding: Principles and applications of CO2 flooding, Dry & Enriched gas flooding. Inert Gas Flooding

Text Books/References: 1. 2. 3. Burnet , D. & m.w.Dawn Screening Tests for EOR Projects SPE Paper 9710,March-1981 Craig,F.F,Jr The Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Water Flooding SPE, Monograph .3 Richardson , TX(1971) Dyes , A.B; B.H.Caudle and R.A. EricksonOil Production After Breakthrough as Influenced by Mobility Ratio Trans . A.I.M.E 201(1954)

PETROLEUM FORMATION EVALUATION Basic Concepts Direct Methods: Mud logging Coring conventional & side wall coring Core analysis & its importance (porosity, permeability, fluid saturations, formation density & resistivity etc. Indirect Methods: Electrical logs SP and resistivity logs, conventional, normal, lateral & micro devices and caliper logs etc. Radioactive Logs neutron, gamma ray and formation density etc. Sonic Logs principles, limitations & applications. CBL /VDL, their evaluation Special Logging Tools: Casing Inspection tools (principles application & limitations) FMS (Formation Micro Scanner) NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) log Logging in high angle wells. USIT, SFT & RFT logs Production Logging: Introduction, type of tools, principles, limitations & applications Analysis Techniques (Log Interpretation): Log interpretation methods Cross-plotting methods - neutron density, sonic density & sonic neutron etc. Clean sand interpretation Concepts of invasion Shaly sand interpretation Quantitative Analysis: Formation water resistivity Saturation determination Lithology & porosity Text Books/References: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Itenberg , S.S,1971,Study of Oil & Gas Sereies from Well Logs Mir Publishers,Moscow Lynch,Edward j.1971,Formation Evaluation Harper International Publication Pirson J.Sylvian,1981,Geologic Well Log Analysis-Gulf Publication Company ,Houston I.Chaperon(Total C.F.P) Well Test Analysis Swanson R.G,1981,Sample Examination manual-Shell Oil Company Donald P. Halendar, Fundamentals of Formation Evaluation Brock, Applied Open Well Analysis Jorden J R and Campbell F. L., Well Logging Vol. 1 and 2 Bateman R. M., Open Hole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation

Laboratory Courses: Practicals shall be based on theory course content of the corresponding course.

Seventh Semester
Sr. No. Course Code PE410 Course Title Lecture Tutorial Practical Credits Hrs.

Prime movers, Pumps & compressors Natural Gas Engineering Pipeline Engineering Reservoir Modeling & Simulation Petroleum Engineering Design Pre-Project Dissertation & Seminar Composite Viva-Voce Industrial Training Report & Viva-Voce TOTAL

2 3 4 5 6

PE411 PE412 PE413 PE414 PE415

3 2 3 2 -

1 1 1 1 -

5 5 7 5 3

4 3 4 3 6

7 8.

PE416 IT402

P / NP P / NP

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36

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PRIME MOVERS, PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS

Reciprocating Engines: Two & four stroke engines, engine cycles and their comparisons. Natural Aspirated and Supercharged engines. Carburetion and Fuel Injection systems including MPFI system Supercharging & Turbo Charging, Engine cooling and lubrication. Engine testing and performance Emission and control mechanism Gas Turbine Engines; Fundamentals (Bayton cycle and Regeneration cycle) Combined cycle & waste heat recovery etc. Single and multi-shaft turbines Effects of intake compressor speed and air contamination Pumps: Pumps classification & types Advantages & disadvantages Basic principles head, HP, Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) Selection criteria Centrifugal multiple pump and stage installations and their characteristics. Pumping stations (series & parallel installations).Types of seal systems etc. Reciprocating pumps Pulsation dampening system Various codes & standards Compressors: Types Advantages & disadvantages Centrifugal Compressors Specifying a compressor Determination of HP & No of stages Surge control & stonewalling Reciprocating compressors Components Capacity control devices Cooling & lubricating systems API Specs; 11P & 618 Environmental Aspects: Air pollution Noise pollution Emissions & control methods Text Books: 1. Surface Production Operations Vol-I and II, Arnold Ken and Stewart Maurice

NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING

Gas from Condensate and Oilfields: Introduction to Natural Gas Industry Basic thermodynamic & system energy concepts in NG industry Properties of natural gas & HC liquids associated with natural gas Reservoir Aspects: Flow of gas in reservoirs Gas in the wellbores Deliverability aspects, OFP, production forecasting & decline curves etc. Gas gathering systems Flow of Fluids: Compression calculations Gas stations & transmission City gas distribution system Gas flow measurement Compressor sizing N G Processing: Field separation; LTS, oil absorption & refrigeration (dehydration of gas) etc. Liquefaction process Sweetening processes Sulpher recovery LPG,LNG & CNG system Specifications of NG for transportation in pipelines NG Utilization: Uses Underground storage, conservation & concept of peak shaving etc. Unconventional Gas; CBM, NG Hydrates & In-situ Coal Gasification Conversion of Gas to Liquid (GTL) Text Books and References: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Petroleum Production Handbook:- Bradly HB Introduction to Petroleum Production Volume 1 & 2:- Dr. Skimmer Gas Processing:- Janes A Speight Gas Production Engineering:- Sanjay Kumar Practical Natural Gas Engineering:- Smith RV Natural Gas:- Tiratsoo EN Fundamentals of Gas Reservoir Engineering:- Jacques Hogoort Handbook of Natural Gas Engineering:- Katz DL

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PIPELINE ENGINEERING Objectives & Scope: Fluid transportation with respect to crude oil / gas / water and refined [products Economics of pipeline transportation Design of Pipeline: Factors influencing oil, gas & refined products pipeline design Hydraulic surge and water hammer Specific heat of liquids River crossings Pipe size & thickness Station spacing etc. API, ASME & ANSI Codes etc. for pipelines and allied equipments Flow of fluids: Basic equations for flow of fluids through pipes Different flow equations for Laminar & Turbulent flow of compressible and non-compressible fluids (Newtonian) Introduction to the flow of non Newtonian fluids through pipes Multiphase flow and Loop pipelines Construction of Pipelines: Project Specifications Materials & Equipment specifications (pipes / valves / fittings / coat & wrap materials etc.) Installation of expansion loops and thermodymetric plant. Pigging Technology: Types of Pigs Pig Launcher & Receiver Intelligent pigging Corrosion Protection & Control: Causes of corrosion Corrosion resistance materials Cathodic protection system for onshore / offshore pipelines Corrosion inhibitors Corrosion Monitoring Offshore pipelines: Design & control of Sag and Over-bend Stingers and Risers, Articulated Stinger Construction of offshore pipeline Method of underwater welding and pipeline repairs Hydrate, Waxes and Scales: Formation and their mitigation Crude conditioning & use of flow improvers (PPD etc.) Books / References: 1. Introduction to Petroleum Production Volume 1 & 2:- Dr. Skimmer 2. Gas Processing:- Janes A Speight 3. Gas Production Engineering:- Sanjay Kumar 4. Practical Natural Gas Engineering:- Smith RV 5. Natural Gas:- Tiratsoo EN 6. Fundamentals of Gas Reservoir Engineering:- Jacques Hogoort 7. Handbook of Natural Gas Engineering:- Katz DL

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RESERVOIR MODELING AND SIMULATION

(A) Reservoir Modeling: Introduction to Modeling Geological Modeling Types of Model & designing of various models depending on reservoir complexities, rock properties, fluid properties etc. Concept of Black Model and Compositional Model (B) Reservoir Simulation: Introduction, Historical Background, Application of Simulator, Different models Flow Conditions: Single phase, two phase & multiphase equations for one two & three dimensional models Special Concept: * Explicit & implicit grid system, * Finite difference & finite element method * Matrix solution, iterative method, stability criteria Data Preparation: Pesudofunctions Reservoir Model Solution Techniques: - Implicit pressure and Explicit Saturation (IMPES) Implicit pressure & Implicit Saturation (IMPIS) Preview of Numerical Solution Methods: Direct & Iterative method History Matching; Mechanics and Parameter match Special Concepts: Coning and Compositional Models Simulation Optimization using Economic and Techno economic Evaluation Computation of Economic Indices viz. different variants based on technical and economic considerations Introduction to streamline simulation and comparison of conventional / streamline simulation Text Books and References: 1. Oil Reservoir Engineering, S. J. Pirson 2. Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, B. C. Craft, M. Hawkins, and Ronald E. Terry. 3. Development of Oil and Gas Fields, Sant Kumar 4. Modern Reservoir Engineering, A Simulation Approach, H. B. Crichlow 5. Petroleum Reservoir Simulation, Khalid Aziz and A. Settari 6. Fundamentals of Numerical Reservoir Simulation, D. W. Peaceman 7. Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, John R. Franchin 8. SPE Monograph-Reservoir Simulation, Calvin C. Matley 9. Integrated Petroleum Reservoir Management, A. sattar, G. Thakur. 10. Gas Reservoir Engineering, John W. Lee 11. Applied Reservoir Engineering, Vol 1 and 2, C. R. Smith and G. W. Tracy

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PETROLEUM ENGINEERING DESIGN (A) Design of oil, Gas & Water separators: 2 & 3 phase separators (Vertical & Horizontal) Heater-treater (B) Design of Various Artificial Lift Systems: SRP (Sucker Rod Pumping) & PCP (Progressive Cavity Pump) Gas Lift Continuous, Intermittent, Chamber and Plunger lift For continuous & intermittent gas lift system (Pressure Operated Valves) graphical and analytical methods Hydraulic Pumping Piston & Jet type ESP (Electrical Submersible Pump) Text Books & References: 1. Well Design, Drilling and Production:- Craft, Holden and Graves 2. Principles of Oil Well Production, TEW Nind 3. Artificial lift Technology, Kermit Brown

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Eighth Semester
Sr. No. 1 Course Code PE417 Course Title Integrated Reservoir Management and O & G 2 PE418 Field Development Production Optimization (Well Problems & their 3 4 5 6 7 HS402 ESC407 EE401 ESC408 PE419 Mitigation) Petroleum Asset Management Process Dynamics & Control Elective (any one of the offered) Process Dynamics & Control Lab. Project/Dissertation seminar & viva-voce TOTAL 2 2 2 11 2 2 10 12 4 4 4 1 5 30 2 2 2 2 10 25 2 1 5 3 Lecture 3 Tutorial 1 Practical Credits 7 Hrs. 4

Engineering Electives: 1. 2. 3. 4. Microprocessor and its Applications Industrial Engineering & Management Unit operations for petroleum industry Transportation and Marketing of Petroleum & Petroleum Products 5. Offshore Production Structures (plot plans, area classification, layout for decks and safety systems etc.) 6. Coal Bed Methane & Hydrates 7. Petroleum Refining & Petrochemicals 8. Energy Management & Policy 9. Oil & Gas Property Evaluation, Economics and Risk Analysis

INTEGRATED RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT & OIL and GAS FIELD DEVELOPMENT (A) Integrated Reservoir Management:

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Production Behavior of Gas, Gas Condensate and Oil Reservoirs: - Rock & Fluid Compressibility Effect - Drive Mechanism & Recovery Factors - Drive Indices - Water Influx in Reservoir - Performance Prediction of Depletion, Gas Cap, Water & Combined Drive - Reservoir Maintenance Displacement Process: - Buckley Laverett Displacement Mechanism, Fractional Flow & frontal Advancement Equations - Water Flood Performance Management Reservoir: _ Concepts of reservoir Management and its application (B) Oil and Gas Field Development: Development scheme Economic aspect of development scheme Production Variants, Performance Rate and order of drilling wells, well spacing & pattern. Selection of prediction, Recovery factor - sample examples Stages of preparation of development plans sample examples & case studies Computation of economic indices e.g. Production profile (O, G & W with & without EOR), Capital investment (capex), Operating cost (opex), Payout period, Internal Rate of Return(IRR), Net Present Value (NPV) & Economic life etc. Analysis of different variants based on technical and economic considerations. Economic development of Marginal Fields Innovative economic ways of Asset Development

Text Books and References: 1. Fundamental of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake. 2. Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, B.C. Craft, M. Hawkim 3. Applied Reservoir Vol. I & II, C.R. Simth G.W. Tracy. 4. Amyx , Bass and Whiting , Petroleum Reservoir Engineering New York McGraw Hill Book Company , 1960. 5. Harris .D.G The Role of Geology in Reservoir Simulation Studies JPT(May.1975) 6. Thakur , G.C Reservoir Management a Synergetic Approach Paper SPE 20138,March ,1990 7. Satter, A ; Varon,J.E OF Husang , H.T Reservoir Management : Technical Perspective SPE Paper 22350 8. Development and Exploration of Oil and Gas Field:- Muravyav et al 9. Petroleum Production Handbook, Vol 1:- T C Frick 10. Surface Operations in Petroleum Production:- Chillingarian GV 11. Principles of Oil Well Production:- TEW Nind 12. Operation of Oil and Gas Wells:- Muraview

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PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION (WELL PROBLEMS & THEIR MITIGATION) WELL COMPLETION: Perforating O & G wells: Bullets and shaped (Jet) charges Perforating process Perforation Guns and firing head (TCP) Underbalanced and overbalanced perforations # Advantages & Disadvantages Conventional & unconventional techniques e.g. TTP,TCP Pressure control equipment (Well Head Lubricator Assembly) Type, size and orientation of perforation holes Special purpose perforators bullet, hydraulic perforators, shaped charge perforators and mechanical cutters Optimum Perforation Practices Down-hole Equipment Packers their types, Tubing, Flow couplings, expansion joints, Sliding Sleeves / Side Pocket Mandrels & Blast Joints etc. Smart / Intelligent Wells

Well Activation and Killing: Methods Well Servicing & Workover: Diagonisis of Well Problems & Planning of Workover Jobs Workover rigs their System & Selection Minor & Major (Capital Repair) jobs Water & Gas Shut-off jobs Squeeze Cementing Water and Gas Coning Sand Control & its Techniques Fishing IInd generation Rigs (CTU & Snubbing unit etc.) Well Stimulation Techniques: Acidizing of O & G Wells Hydraulic Fracturing Down-hole Heaters Text Books and References: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Well Design, Drilling and Production:- Craft, Holden and Graves Oil Well Drilling:- H Rabia Applied Drilling engineering: - A T Bourgoyne Jr. et al. Drilling Engineering- A Complete Well Planning Approach:- N J Adams Well Control Problem Solutions:- N J Adams Horizontal Well technology:- S D Joshi Horizontal Wells:- RAguilera et al. Drilling engineering:- Austin Drilling Casing Operations:- Jim Short Fishing & Casing Repairs:- Jim Short Blow Out Prevention:- Goins WC Jr.

PETROLEUM ASSET MANAGEMENT Brief history of development of oil & gas industry Primary fuel & energy substitution

16

Alternate energy and energy conversion Energy balance policy in development of oil & gas fields Oil & gas field installations Evaluation of assets Sharing of installation assets with other operators (pressure and production maintenance etc.) National / International economics of oil industry Exploration Production Supply Transportation Oil & gas (LPG / LNG) terminals dispatch & receipt Trading Refining Marketing of oil (petroleum products) and gas Distribution of oil and gas Pricing policy of oil & gas National Exploration Licensing Policy (NELP) Necessity Bidding & evaluation process Production sharing contracts Foreign asset bidding / acquisition Joint ventures

Text Books and References: 1. History of Oil Well Drilling, J E Brantley. 2. Surface Production Operations, Vol. I and II, Arnold Ken, Stewart Maurice. 3. World wide Petroleum Economics, Richard D. Seba. 4. Managing Drilling Operations, Kraser and Kennady.

PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL Development of process models for control

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Model linearization & Laplace Transforms Dynamic behavior of first, second and higher order systems Feedback control Instrumentation & control hardware Stability analysis of feedback controlled systems Frequency response analysis Design of feedback controllers Advanced control systems e.g. Cascade, Smith Predictor, Feed-forward, Adaptive, Inferential, Ratio, Override etc. Introduction to MIMO systems Digital control

Text Book: 1. D. R. Coughanowr, " Process Systems Analysis and Control ", 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill, New York - 1991. 2. P. Harriott, " Process Control", Reprint of text, Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York - 1983. 3. G. Stephanopoulos, "Chemical Process Control: An Introduction to Theory and Practice", Prentice Hall, New Jersey - 1984 Reference Book: 1. Ogunnaike,B.A. and Ray,W.H., Process Dynamics, Modeling and Control, Oxford Univ.Press, New York, 1994

Laboratory Courses: Practicals shall be based on theory course content of the corresponding course. B. Tech. Project/Dissertation is a course requirement, wherein under the guidance of a faculty member a student is required to carry out work involving the application of knowledge gained while undergoing various courses and laboratories in the earlier years. The student is expected to carry out the required literature survey, analysis, design, development and/ or experimentation. In the project work the student is expected to exhibit both analytical and practical skills.

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