Present Perfect

Elsa Maximiano - 2012

They have just gone running.

I have never eaten junk food!

Have you ever practised kung-fu?

When do we use the present perfect?

The present perfect is often used for an action which started at some time in the past, and is still continuing now.

You refer to a specic action in the past and its still important in the present.
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To form the P RESENT PERFECT you need to re m e m b er t h ere are two kind s of verbs, REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS.
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REGULAR
VERBS

To do the past tenses... Add -ed to regular verbs

Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end of a word, double the consonant. An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d Verbs ending in -y preceded by a vowel: add -ed Verbs ending in -y preceded by a consonant: change the -y into an -i and add -ed stop - stopped shop - shopped live - lived save - saved play - played pray - prayed study - studied carry - carried

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IRREGULAR
VERBS

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The irregular verbs have different forms. Some of them change completely.

Innitive Go Be Sing

Past Simple Past Participle went was sang gone been sung

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Look for the past forms of the irregular verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Innitive 1. Drive 2. Take 3. Run 4. Do 5. Leave 6. Go 7. Get 8. Eat 9. See Past Simple drove took ran did left went got ate saw
Past Participle

Innitive 10. Forget 11. make 12. write 13. buy 14. bring 15. swim 16. sing 17. read 18. hear

Past Simple Past Participle forgot made wrote bought brought swam sang read heard forgotten made written bought brought swum sung read heard

driven taken run done left gone got eaten seen

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Form of the PRESENT PERFECT

We form the Present Perfect with the auxiliary verb
HAVE

(OR HAS) and the PAST PARTICIPLE of the main verb.

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Form of the PRESENT PERFECT

To form the NEGATIVE we just need to add NOT to the auxiliary: have not = havent / has not = hasnt

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Form of the PRESENT PERFECT

To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:

(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object

Have
Where have
Has

past participle
you
she

saved

your things?

nished the exercise?

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Time markers /Signal Words for the Present Perfect

already = j ever = j since = desde for = durante; (h) just = agora mesmo never = nunca yet = ainda / j so far, till now, up to now = at agora

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Ever vs Never
We use EVER in interrogative sentences: Have you ever been to Paris? (it comes between the auxiliary verb and the main verb)

We use NEVER in afrmative sentences: I have never done exercises with this verb tense. (it comes between the auxiliary verb and the main verb)
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For vs Since
Do exercise 5 on page 49

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Time markers /Signal Words for the Present Perfect

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Signal words
Or do these exercises.

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Signal words
Correction

just already still yet just just already yet still still

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Good work!!!!

Elsa Maximiano - 2012 teacherelsasblog.wordpress.com

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