TW PS2 - Portable Formatter

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna
Km. 54, National Highway, Makiling, Calamba
College of Engineering
PORTABLE FORMATTER WITH CHARGER AND SPEAKER
A Project Study
In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements For Technical Writing for Engineers
Submitted by: Ancheta, Braimar Isle Dizon, Argel Joseph D. Galicia, John Ray Lunar, Janison L. Razonales, Ivy A.
Sumitted to: Mr. Nelson Tenorio Instructor

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction The 21st Century, the present time when modern technology have greatly influenced almost all aspects of human life. Throughout history, society have witnessed dynamic technological advances affect the way of living, most of which never fail to alleviate and hasten daily tasks, provide people with entertainment and leisure, and enhance the standards of industry, transportation and communication. Such improvements in technology have indeed, substantiate the peoples needs and desire to live a life of comfort and relief. Therefore, people are constantly seeking for significant breakthroughs which will further escalate the quality of human life. Reference: http://en/encartaencyclopedia/technology
Interfacing is a process in computing technology that mobilizes the entire computer system which is primarily composed of numerous connections. These connections are a vital as the parts themselves because unless they are accurate, the computer could not work. Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/interfacing

One of these newly patented systems is the USB or the Universal Serial Bus which efficiently contribute to the information technology. USB (Universal Serial Bus) is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.
Reference: http://en/encartaencyclopedia/technology
USB was designed to standardize the connection of computer peripherals, such as keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters to personal computers, both to
communicate and to supply electric power. It has become commonplace on other devices, such as smartphones, PDAs and video game consoles. With a highly efficient interfacing device such as the USB system, the fundamental computer functions such as formatting, storing, file transferring, and a whole lot more would be faster in a highly successful rate. This in turn would improve our daily activities in information technology with countless folds. Just imagine how MIS or Management Information System would be far productive with this technology. Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB

Background of the Study The use of Flash drives is very important these days. Flash drives help carry files in the easiest way. Its very convenient and handy. But there are times Flash drives get affected with viruses from computers. Flash drives can also transfer viruses. It can affect the next computer the flash drives will be inserted to. Because of this, flash drives can be corrupted and the files in it will be unable to be read and used. This is a big problem especially when those files are really important. To get the virus out, users need to insert their flash drives to computers and then format it. But due to the fact that flash drives can transfer viruses, users have hard time doing this. A portable formatter will be helpful in this case. You will no longer insert it to your computer and you can format flash drives anytime and anyplace. Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flashdrives Almost everyone have a cell phone these days, so a cell phone charger will be needed. Charging of cell phones is also one of the important things people need to do. Cell phones may not function well if its not charged well. Universal chargers are now invented to be used in different cell phones. They are also very convenient and handy. It can no longer be limited to only one model of cell phone. Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cellphones

Statement of the Problem In line with conducting the project study, the researchers of this research has to solve the following problems:
1. What are the scientific theories, principles and literatures which concern the Project Study entitled Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker? 2. What are the methods, materials and techniques involved in constructing an ideal prototype device such as the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker?
Objectives of the Study General Objective: To design a system that would optimize interfacing technology with the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker, the researchers of this research aims to accomplish the following objectives 1. To design a prototype device called Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker 2. To determine the methods, materials and processes involved designing the project study

Significance of the Study This study Portable Formatter with Speaker and Charger primarily concerning the development of a device that would improve computing systems is significant and beneficial to the following: General computer users This project study would be beneficial to the general population of computer users as it would greatly improve basic computer functions like interfacing or computer connections, formatting and file managing.
Computing companies and manufacturers Computing companies and manufacturers would benefit from the
accomplishment of this project as they can adopt the patented device and manufacture it with their product line, or otherwise develop the device within the companys system, enhancing their computer systems capabilities in file and network management.
Offices and business firms Offices and business firms would benefit greatly concerning their
MIS or Management Information System Office as the study would further contribute to better computer functions. Devices are easily formatted by the patented device formatter. Interfacing would be a lot simpler and faster with the

multi-installed adapters and ports. File management would then be portable and thus, extending managing capabilities with countless folds.
Future researchers and project study researchers It will also benefit future researchers as it could be a source of
ideas and innovations to further improve computer applied systems.
Scope and Limitations
The scope of this study involves the integration of USB and LCD applications on a hardware device, installed with software with formatting capabilities. The features of the device are limited to portable formatting, an LCD interface for file managing and multiple port adapters.

Definition of Terms Adapter An electronic component which connects ports or sockets of different devicesa. Charger An electronic device that stores or charges electrical energy from another electricity source. Digital Files Are digital data inputted or stored in a computer system. Formatting A computer function deleting all stored digital file from a certain device and adjust it to desired settings. Flash Drive An electronic device which is a removable computer drive that stores large amount of computer data. Information Technology The technology which generally describes the digital age of the present society and its vast computer application. Interface The program or software designed for the computer users function.

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) The process of projecting digitally enhanced image on a screen. MIS (Management Information System) System The system that generally describes the entire network, file and server management of a certain school, office, firm or a certain geographical area. Portability A computer feature that generally describes the capability of devices of being easily transported and used without the hassle of wires and tables. Ports The part of computers wherein wires and plugs for connections are insterted. Prototype Is a sample or trial product which is still undergoing series of observations and tests and not yet officially justified as to something that would work. USB (Universal Serial Bus) The computer method of using the USB port for faster and more efficient connection. Virus A computer ware specifically designed to harm computers.

Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Foreign Disk formatting is the process of preparing a hard disk drive or flexible disk medium for data storage. In some cases, the formatting operation may also create one or more new file systems. The formatting process that performs basic medium preparation is often referred to as "low-level formatting." The term "high level formatting" most often refers to the process of generating a new file system. In certain operation systems (e.g., Microsoft Windows), the two processes are combined and the term "format" is understood to mean an operation in which a new disk medium is fully prepared to store files. As a general rule, formatting a disk is "destructive," in that existing data (if any) is lost during the process. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_formatting
Formatting Process Formatting a disk for use by an operating system and its applications involves three different steps.

1. Low-level formatting (i.e., closest to the hardware) marks the
surfaces of the disks with markers indicating the start of a recoding block (typically today called sector markers) and other information to be used later, in normal operations, by the disk controller to read or write data. This is intended to be the permanent foundation of the disk, and is often completed at the factory. 2. Partitioning creates data structures needed by the operating
system. This level of formatting often includes checking for defective tracks or defective sectors. 3. High-level formatting records into the structure created by the
intermediate-level formatting the file system format (i.e., the data structures used by the OS, to identify the logical drive or partition's contents). This may occur during operating system installation, or when adding a new disk. Disk and distributed file system may specify an optional boot block, and/or various volume and directory information for the operating system. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_formatting Portable software is a class of software that is suitable for use on portable drives such as a USB (thumb) drive or digital audio player or PDA with "drive mode", although any external hard drive can be used. [1] [2] The concept of

carrying one's favored applications, utilities, and files on a portable drive for use on any computer is one which has evolved considerably in recent years. Programs in this category (also known as portable applications) are typically 'lite' versions of their parent software, but there are many exceptions. To be considered portable, for purpose of this list, a software program must: 1. Not require any kind of formal installation onto a computer's
permanent storage device to be executed, and can be stored on a removable storage device such as USB flash drive, enabling it to be used on multiple computers. 2. Settings are stored with, and can be carried around with, the
software (i.e., they are written to the USB drive). If the registry is used to store settings, the application's configuration isn't portable, and must be set up on every PC it is used on 3. Leaves a zero (or near-zero) "footprint" on any PC it is run on after
being used. i.e., All temporary files/registry settings should be removed once the program has exited, and files created by the user can be saved directly to the same removable media as the application is stored on.

Generally, smaller utility/toolkit software is inherently fairly portable; though larger applications are sometimes changed in order to allow a portable versions to be released (e.g., Opera@USB and OperaTor). Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software A USB system has an asymmetric design, consisting of a host, a multitude of downstream USB ports, and multiple peripheral devices connected in a tiered-star topology. Additional USB hubs may be included in the tiers, allowing branching into a tree structure with up to five tier levels. A USB host may have multiple host controllers and each host controller may provide one or more USB ports. Up to 127 devices, including hub devices if present, may be connected to a single host controller. USB devices are linked in series through hubs. There always exists one hub known as the root hub, which is built into the host controller. A physical USB device may consist of several logical sub-devices that are referred to as device functions. A single device may provide several functions, for example, a webcam (video device function) with a built-in microphone (audio device function). Such a device is called a compound device in which each logical device is assigned a distinctive address by the host and all logical devices are connected to a built-in hub to which the physical USB wire is connected. A host assigns one and only one device address to a function.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB
Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY This chapter discusses the research design that will be used in the study. This will also explain the methodological approach to understanding the implications of the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker.
The questions posed in this project, "what is the principles of designing the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker and what are the methods that will be conducted in constructing the said device?" will be answered using the methodology detailed in this component of the research project. The first step in understanding the implications stated above is through the use of Library. This will allow researchers for references and to work easily and refer quickly to sections mentioned in the project more efficiently. The next step in this process will be to define the terms and concepts to be discussed in the paper. Free speech concepts and ideologies from Argel Joseph Dizon, Braimar Isle Ancheta, Ivy Razonale, Janison Lunar and John Ray

Galicia will be offered as a basis for understanding the fundamental. Furthermore, and it also be included in order to familiarize the reader with the mechanism. The project analysis consists of four elements. First, this researcher will identify key terms of significant interest related to the study. These key terms will serve as the nexus for other terms, which exist in close proximity, conceptually, to the identified key terms. Next, these terms will be charted to create clusters of concepts, which will serve as a basis to explain and explore these concepts in relation projects study. From these clusters of terms, patterns will be defined which serve to further define the meanings of the key terms. Finally, this project will name the motive. The intent is to discover the motive of the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker Through the cluster analysis the motive(s) and definitions will be further explored to determine if they exist in direct conflict with the project. Furthermore, the study will discuss the findings of the cluster analysis and the implications that the product will possessed. After researching for significant background of the study, and consulting on related literatures and studies, determining the problems to be solved and the corresponding objectives required to suffice the solutions, the researchers of the

study shall now conduct a series of research and methodological approach to design and construct the actual device which is the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker. These include planning the conceptual framework of the design, and the careful analysis and design of the system block diagram and schematic diagram of the device. In line with this, the researchers shall acquire prior knowledge in circuitry and microelectronics for the internal electrical connection, input/output analysis, power, voltage and current capacity, and electronic component specifications and compatibility. And thus, the researchers should also have adept skills in constructing the actual device from its theoretical design. The plotted diagram would be subjected to further tests in electronic circuit analysis computer programs such as MultiSIm and Target. After the conceptual design has been finalized, the researchers of the study shall now build the actual device, implementing the methods and process involved. Successfully constructing the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker with efficiency meets the stated objective of this study.

Research Design The conceptual structure of the research constitutes a project study of a specific device entitled Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker. Thus, the studys data collection primarily involves the methods, materials and techniques to be conducted to construct the device. The studys approach would center on matters concerning how to build the Portable Formatter, what are the components involved and certain equipments to be used, and the relevant matters to be considered in conducting the project study. System Block Diagram

Figure 1. System Block Diagram - Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker Figure 1 shows the System Block Diagram of the device termed as Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker. The diagram illustrates the processes involved and how they link the flow of data throughout the different components of the entire system. Further details follow elaborating the flow of data from inputs to outputs, how they are processed in the system, and the functions of each component. System Processes External Device Interfacing

Is the connection of external peripheral devices into the system chassis of the Portable Formatter initializing from the connection of USB cables of devices into the USB Port or insertion of memory cards into the memory card slot.
Software Interfacing The external device is read and connected into the software of the Portable Formatter until finally shown into the user interface.
Formatting/Reformatting Formatting is the process of preparing a hard disk drive or flexible disk medium for data storage. It is the first-time formatting of the device. Reformatting is a high-level formatting performed on a functioning disk drive to free the contents of its medium. The most important aspect of the process is that it frees disk space for use by other data. To actually "erase" everything requires overwriting each block of data on the medium; something that is not done by many PC high-level formatting utilities.
Audio Playing Audio Decoding

Sound files in .mp3, .wma, and .m4a formats are read from the drive source and decoded in a format that the Portable Formatter can playback. Transduction Is the process wherein the sound file in electrical form is transduced or converted into sound for further amplification and playback. Amplification Is the process wherein sound volume is amplified or increased until played by the loudspeaker.
Power Regulation Power Step-down/Step-up Transfers supplied electrical energy from source to the entire Power Supply Unit through inductively coupled conductors, also steps-up or step-down the AC voltage into the suitable voltage magnitude. Rectification Converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC) which flows in only one direction.

Filtering The process of eliminating pulsating AC voltage component from the DC supplied voltage, but with small AC ripples. Smoothing The process wherein small AC ripples are finally eliminated producing pure DC voltage.
Charging To put energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery by forcing an electric current through it.
System Components
USB Ports/Card Slots USB ports was designed to standardize the connection
of computer peripherals, such as keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk to drives and network and to
adapters to personal supply electric power
computers,
both
communicate

Card Slots are sockets wherein memory cards are insterted.
LCD Screen A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals(LCs). LCs do not emit light directly. It is where the user interface of the Portable Formatter software will be projected.
Formatter Software Is the customized software of the Portable Formatter which will process the entire devices functions specially the formatting of flash disks.
Audio Player Decoder Is a computer program implementing an algorithm that compresses and decompresses digital audio data according to a given audio file format or streaming media audio format. Amplifier Amplifiers drive the loudspeakers used in PA systemsto make the inputted sound source louder or play recorded music.

Loudspeaker Is the electroacoustic transducer that produces sound in response to the electrical audio signal input.
Power Supply Unit Transformer The Transformer step up or down the input AC source voltage into
the required magnitude of voltage. Rectifier Rectifier converts the AC voltage supply into pulsating DC voltage. Filter Filter eliminates the pulsating AC component from the DC voltage
Voltage Regulator Is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level.
Battery Charger Is the device used to put energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery by forcing an electric current through it.

IPO Chart Input External Device Connection Disk Drive Connection MP3, WMA, M4A Files 110V 220V AC Process Device Interfacing Program Interfacing and Disk Formatting Audio Decoding and Amplification Power Regulation and Charging Output User Interface Display Formatted Disk Amplified Audio Playback Charged DC Voltage Battery
Table 1. IPO chart of the Portable Formatter with charger and speaker. The Table above shows the multiple inputs of the system, how they are processed and the multiple outputs of the device.
Schematic Diagram

Figure 2. Prototype Schematic Diagram - Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the Portable Formatter. This circuit diagram is designed using the MC34063 circuit which is a monolithic control circuit delivering the main functions for DC DC voltage converting.
Circuit Component Specification

Electronic Components Resistors Specification Quantity 1 0.5W 3 1k 2 560 1 10 0.5W 1 470 1 470F 2.5V 1 100nF 1 470pF 1 1000 F 16V LOW ESR 1 220H 1 1N5404 1 TVS1 P6KE27A 1 1N5819 1 LED 1 5V at 500mA 1 MC34063A 1 SPST 1
Capacitors Inductors Diodes USB Port/Socket Integrated Circuit Switch
Table 2. The Circuit Component Specification of the Portable Formatter with Charger and Speaker. The Table above shows the electronic components found in the circuit of the Portable Formatter, with their corresponding specifications or magnitude and their quantities. Further discussion below elaborates the data flow, the functions of each components and the operations involved in the system. The output voltage of this MC34063 mp3 player charger will deliver a 5 volts output voltage at 660mA output current . The MC34063 mp3 player charger contains an internal temperature compensated reference, comparator, duty cycle controlled oscillator with an active current limit circuit, driver and high current

output switch. The output voltage is adjustable through two external resistors with a 2 % reference accuracy. This device circuit require an input voltage from 9 to 15 volts DC .Modify the VR1 variable resistor you can adjust the output voltage at 5 volts . The L1 coil has 75 turns of 0.5 mm enameled copper wire on a Neosid powdered iron core 17-732-22.

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Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Km. 54, National Highway, Makiling, Calamba

PORTABLE FORMATTER WITH CHARGER AND SPEAKER

In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements For Technical Writing for Engineers

Sumitted to: Mr. Nelson Tenorio Instructor

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

ideas and innovations to further improve computer applied systems.

Scope and Limitations

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Audio Playing Audio Decoding

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

adapters to personal supply electric power

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Circuit Component Specification

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

Capacitors Inductors Diodes USB Port/Socket Integrated Circuit Switch

Lyceum of the Philippines - Laguna

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