Part I

Health-related Millennium Development Goals

Summary of status and trends

With only five years remaining to 2015, there are signs of progress in many countries in achieving the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). In other countries, progress has been limited because of conflict, poor governance, economic or humanitarian crises, and lack of resources. The effects of the global food, energy, financial and economic crises on health are still unfolding, and action is needed to protect the health spending of governments and donors alike. Undernutrition is an underlying cause in about one third of all child deaths. Over the past year, rising food prices coupled with falling incomes have increased the risk of malnutrition, especially among children. Although the percentage of children under 5 years of age who are underweight (compared to the WHO Child Growth Standards3) declined globally from 25% in 1990 to 18% in 2005, subsequent progress has been uneven. In some countries, the prevalence of undernutrition has increased, and worldwide stunted growth still affected about 186 million children under 5 years of age in 2005. Globally, child mortality continues to fall. In 2008, the total annual number of deaths in children under 5 years old fell to 8.8 million down by 30% from the 12.4 million estimated in 1990. Mortality in children under 5 years old in 2008 was estimated at 65 per 1000 live births, which is a 27% reduction from 90 per 1000 live births in 1990 (Figure 1). Recent encouraging trends also indicate an acceleration of the rate of decline in all regions since 2000 (Table 1).

Table 1: Average annual rate of decline (%) in mortality in children under 5 years old 19901999 and 20002008
WHO region African Region Region of the Americas South-East Asia Region European Region Eastern Mediterranean Region Western Pacic Region GLOBAL 19901999 0.9 4.2 2.5 3.6 1.5 2.5 1.2 20002008 1.8 4.6 3.8 5.6 1.7 5.7 2.3

WHO Child Growth Standards. Length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age: Methods and development. WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2006, page 312. www.who.int/childgrowth/publications/en/

12

Despite these encouraging trends, regional and national averages mask considerable inequities. The greatest reductions in child mortality have been recorded among the wealthiest households and in urban areas. Concerted efforts will be needed to achieve the MDG target of a 67% reduction from 1990 levels by the year 2015, especially in countries facing economic crises or conflicts. Low-income countries would need to increase their annual average rate of decline from 1.9% to 10.9% in order to achieve the target. Reducing child mortality increasingly depends upon tackling neonatal mortality; globally about 40% of deaths in children under 5 years old are estimated to occur in the first month of life; most in the first week.

Figure 1: Mortality rate in children under 5 years old by WHO region

200 1990 180 Probability of dying by age 5 per 1000 live births 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR 2008 Global, 1990 Global, 2008

There have been increases in the coverage of relatively new child health interventions, such as the use of insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria; efforts to prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HIV; and vaccination against hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type B pneumonia. Gradual progress can also be recorded for several established interventions such as micronutrient supplementation, while the global coverage of measles immunization increased from 73% to 83% between 1990 and 2008 (Figure 2).

13

Figure 2: Measles immunization coverage among 1-year-olds by WHO region

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR GLOBAL

Percentage

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Despite these gains, the coverage of critical interventions such as oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea and case management with antibiotics for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) remains inadequate. As a result, diarrhoea and pneumonia still kill almost 3 million children under 5 years old each year, especially in low-income countries. According to estimates made for the year 2005,4 half a million women most of them in developing countries die each year of complications during pregnancy or childbirth. The risk of death was highest in the WHO African Region, where there were 900 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births; compared with only 27 per 100 000 in the WHO European Region. In fact, half of all maternal deaths occurred in the WHO African Region and another third in the WHO South-East Asia Region. Further analysis of the estimates indicated that between 1990 and 2005, no WHO region achieved the 5.5% annual decline in maternal mortality necessary to attain the relevant MDG target.5 The WHO South-East Asia Region, the WHO European Region and the WHO Western Pacific Region showed annual declines of only around 2.4%. There appeared to be stagnation or even a possible worsening of the situation in both the WHO African Region and the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. Maternal mortality is the health indicator that shows the widest gaps between richer and poorer, both between and within countries.

Maternal mortality in 2005: Estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2007. www.who.int/whosis/mme_2005.pdf MDG 5; Target 5.A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio.

14

2008

Interventions to reduce the levels of maternal mortality include ensuring that all pregnant women have access to family-planning services as well as skilled care during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. This includes emergency obstetric care for the management of complications. The proportion of births attended by a skilled health worker has increased globally, with particularly pronounced improvements in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (Figure 3). However, there was no improvement at all in the WHO African Region. In both the WHO African Region and the WHO South-East Asia Region, less than 50% of women received skilled care during childbirth.

Figure 3: Births attended by skilled health personnel by WHO region and country-income group
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income High income 19901999 20002008 Global, 19901999 Global, 20002008

Antenatal care offers multiple opportunities to improve the health of women. Potential improvements include the prevention and management of HIV infection and malaria, the detection and management of eclampsia, and iron and folate supplementation the latter being particularly important in low-income and middle-income countries where micronutrient deficiencies are common. Despite this, less than half of all pregnant women in the world receive the WHO-recommended minimum of four antenatal visits. Contraceptive prevalence6 in developing countries increased from 50% in 1990 to 62% in 2005.7 Despite this, there remains a continuing unmet need for family planning. For example, data available during 20002008 indicates that in the WHO African Region 24% of women wanting to delay or stop childbearing were not using a family-planning method. Levels of adolescent fertility over the period of 20002007 were at 47 births per 1000 women aged 1519 years globally, and were

6 7

Dened here as: the proportion of women, married or in union, aged 1549 years, using any method of contraception. The Millennium Development Goals report 2009. New York, United Nations, 2009. www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/MDG%20Report%202009%20ENG.pdf

Percentage

15

particularly high in the WHO African Region at 118 births for every 1000 adolescent girls about ten times the average in the WHO Western Pacific Region. Factors that contribute to continuing unmet need for family planning include a lack of decision-making power among women and a shortage of appropriate health services, especially for adolescent girls. In 2008, there were an estimated 243 million cases of malaria causing 863 000 deaths; mostly of children under 5 years old.8 Despite increases in the supply of insecticide-treated nets, their availability in that year was far below the level of need almost everywhere. The procurement of antimalarial medicines through public health services increased, but access to treatment (especially artemisininbased combination therapy) was inadequate in all countries surveyed in 2007 and 2008. There are, however, indications8 that 9 African countries and 29 countries outside Africa are on course to meet the MDG target9 for reducing the malaria burden. Latest estimates indicate that the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) continued to slowly decline, reaching an estimated 140 per 100 000 population in 2008. The prevalence of all TB cases is falling along with mortality rates among HIV-negative TB cases. Globally, the estimated case-detection rate10 for new smear-positive TB cases increased from 40% in 2000 to 62% in 2008. While there were some improvements in the WHO African Region, less than 50% of TB cases were reported in this region in 2008. Data on treatment-success rates for new smear-positive TB cases indicate consistent improvements with the global rate rising from 69% in 2000 to 86% in 2007 (Figure 4). In the WHO South-East Asia Region, the rate increased from 50% in 2000 to 88% in 2007. In the WHO European Region, while case-detection rate for new smear-positive cases increased, treatment success remains low at 67% in 2007, partly attributable to a high burden of multidrug-resistant TB. Multidrug-resistant TB and HIV-associated TB pose considerable challenges. Globally, there were an estimated 0.5 million new cases of multidrug-resistant TB in 2007, with 27 countries accounting for 85% of the total.11 New HIV infections have been reduced by 16% globally between 2000 and 2008, due, at least in part, to successful HIV-prevention efforts. In 2008, it was estimated that 2.7 million people were newly infected with HIV (Figure 5) and there were 2 million HIV/AIDS-related deaths.12 The availability and coverage of priority health-sector interventions for HIV prevention, treatment and care have continued to expand. In 2008, of the 1.4 million HIV-positive pregnant women, more than 628 000 received antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent the transmission of HIV to their children. This represents a coverage of 45% an increase of 10% compared with 2007.13 There are, however, striking regional variations. In the WHO African Region (where HIV prevalence among adults was the highest) only 45% of pregnant women in need in low-income and middle-income countries received treatment, while in the WHO European Region (where HIV prevalence among adults was much lower) 94% of pregnant women in need in low-income and middle-income countries had access to treatment.

8 9 10

11 12

13

World malaria report 2009. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009. www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2009/en/index.html MDG 6; Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases. No distinction is made between DOTS and non-DOTS programmes because by 2007 more than 99% of notied cases were reported to WHO as treated in a DOTS programme. Global tuberculosis control: a short update to the 2009 report. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009. www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report Global tuberculosis control: a short update to the 2009 report. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009. AIDS epidemic update: December 2009. Geneva, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO), 2009. www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/EpiUpdate/EpiUpdArchive/2009/default.asp Towards universal access. Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector: Progress report 2009. Geneva, WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, 2009. www.who.int/hiv/pub/2009progressreport/en/

16

Figure 4: Treatment-success rate among new smear-positive tuberculosis cases by WHO region
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR Global, 2000 Global, 2007 2000 2007

Figure 5: Adults and children newly infected with HIV in 2008 by WHO region

Percentage

WHO regional boundaries International boundaries Estimated new HIV infection (all ages) by WHO region (000s) EMR (61) WPR (130) EUR (140) SEAR (200) AMR (240) AFR (1900) Data not available

17

It is estimated that by the end of 2008, more than 4 million people in low-income and middleincome countries were receiving ART an increase of more than 1 million compared with the end of 2007. This represents a 10-fold expansion in five years, with the greatest growth occurring in subSaharan Africa. Nonetheless, more than 5 million of the estimated 9.5 million people in low-income and middle-income countries needing ART were still without access to treatment.13 Coverage was lowest in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (where only one in every 10 people needing ART received it) and highest in the WHO Region of the Americas (where one out of two who needed therapy received it). More than 1000 million people are affected by neglected tropical diseases. In 2008, 496 million people were treated for lymphatic filariasis out of the 695 million targeted. In 2008, only 4619 cases of dracunculiasis were reported in the mid-1980s the estimated number of cases was 3.5 million. As many as 190 130 cases of cholera were reported in 2008 up from 177 963 in 2007. At the beginning of 2009, there were a reported 213 036 cases of leprosy down from 5.2 million in 1985. The percentage of the worlds population using improved drinking-water sources14 increased from 77% to 87% between 1990 and 2008 (Figure 6). This rate of improvement is sufficient to achieve the relevant MDG target15 globally. In the WHO African Region, however, while the percentage increased from 50% in 1990 to 61% in 2008, it remained well short of the 68% needed in that year to remain on course for achieving the MDG target. The situation in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region appears to have stalled, and an annual rate of increase of 1.6% is needed to

Figure 6: Population using improved drinking-water sources by WHO region and country-income group
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income High income Global, 1990 Global, 2008 1990 2008

14 15

See Part II, Table 5. Risk factors, footnotes 20 and 22 for a full explanation of this term. MDG 7; Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking-water and basic sanitation.

Percentage

18

achieve the MDG target by 2015. In 2008, the coverage was 90% in the WHO Western Pacific Region, and well in excess of this figure in the WHO Region of the Americas and the WHO European Region. In low-income countries, the annual rate of increase needs to double in order to reach the target, and concerted efforts are also needed to narrow the gap in coverage between urban and rural areas. In 2008, 2600 million people were not using improved sanitation facilities,16 and of these 1100 million were defecating in the open, resulting in high levels of environmental contamination and exposure to the risks of worm infestations (such as schistosomiasis) and microbial infections (such as trachoma, hepatitis and cholera). The situation was most severe in the WHO African Region, where the percentage of the population using improved sanitation facilities increased very slowly: from 30% in 1990 to 34% in 2008. In the WHO South-East Asia Region, the coverage increased from 26% to 40% still short of the MDG target. In the WHO European Region, 6% of the population were not using improved sanitation facilities in 2008 (Figure 7).

Figure 7: Population using improved sanitation facilities by WHO region and country-income group
100 1990 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income High income 2008 Global, 1990 Global, 2008

Although nearly all countries publish an essential medicines list, the availability of medicines at public-health facilities is often poor. Surveys conducted in approximately 30 low-income countries indicate that the availability of selected generic medicines at health facilities was only 44% in the public sector and 66% in the private sector. Lack of medicines in the public sector forces patients to purchase medicines privately. In the private sector, generic medicines cost on average 630% more

16

See Part II, Table 5. Risk factors, footnotes 21 and 22 for a full explanation of this term.

Percentage

19

than their international reference price, while originator brands are generally even more expensive. Common treatment regimens can cost a low-paid government worker in the developing world several days wages. Noncommunicable diseases and injuries caused an estimated 33 million deaths in developing countries in 200417 and will account for a growing proportion of total deaths in the future. The health of individuals will also be undermined in the longer term by chronic conditions, sensory and mental disorders and violence. Tackling risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity and the harmful use of alcohol (while also dealing with the socioeconomic impact of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes) will depend not only upon effective healthcare services but also upon actions taken in a variety of policy domains. Countries need to increase prevention efforts and improve access to services such as early detection and trauma care. Putting in place and sufficiently resourcing stronger health surveillance systems will be critical. Efforts are now under way to strengthen surveillance systems for noncommunicable diseases, including through the identification of core indicators and the use of standardized methods of data collection on risk factors and determinants, disease incidence, mortality by cause, health-system indicators and coverage of key interventions. Stronger health systems will be central to continued progress towards the achievement of the MDGs. Continuing political momentum and sustained and predictable funding will be needed to strengthen human resources for health; improve service availability and quality; provide access to diagnosis through national laboratory networks; ensure better infection control in clinical settings; and promote the rational use of medicines. In addition, the financial and economic crisis has highlighted the urgent need to increase the coverage of social health protection. People in need cannot access the required services or continue treatment if financial barriers remain high. Better information and intelligence will also be essential in monitoring progress towards the MDGs and related goals and targets, particularly with regard to differentials between and within countries. WHO will continue to report on the most-recent estimates of health-related statistics. However, the quality of such reporting depends critically upon the quality of country health information and statistical systems which in many settings are weak. There is therefore a need for international commitment to support country efforts to enhance the availability and quality of data on the MDGs and other indicators.

17

The global burden of disease: 2004 update. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2008. www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/2004_report_update/en/index.html

20

The following charts provide country-by-country and regional summaries of progress for key MDG indicators for which data are available for most countries. For each indicator, countries are sorted within the relevant WHO region by the level of the indicator at the latest available year. Countries with no data, or for which a particular indicator is not relevant, are included at the end of each regional list. Depending on the availability of data for each indicator, there are three types of chart:

Chart type I
For three indicators under-five mortality rate; population using improved drinking-water sources; and population using improved sanitation the charts show data for the latest available year; trends since 1990 (or since the first year for which data are available); and the overall trend required for the country to achieve the relevant MDG by 2015.

Chart type II
For five indicators children aged <5 years underweight; measles immunization coverage among 1-year-olds; births attended by skilled health personnel; prevalence of HIV among adults aged 15 49 years; and tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people the charts show data for the latest available year, and country trends since the year for which data were first available. For most countries, data have been available since the baseline year of 1990.

Chart type III

For eleven indicators maternal mortality ratio; contraceptive prevalence; adolescent fertility rate; antenatal care coverage; unmet need for family planning; males aged 1524 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS; females aged 1524 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS; antiretroviral therapy coverage among people with advanced HIV infection; malaria mortality rate; children aged <5 years sleeping under insecticide-treated nets; and children aged <5 years with fever who received treatment with any antimalarial the charts show only data for the latest available year. Further details can be found in the country tables as indicated in each chart.

21

1. Children aged <5 years underweight (%)

Algeria Swaziland Gabon Equatorial Guinea Botswana Congo Sao Tome and Principe Zimbabwe Ghana Senegal Zambia Malawi Gambia Uganda Kenya Cameroon Lesotho Cte d'Ivoire Mauritania United Republic of Tanzania Guinea-Bissau Namibia Rwanda Benin Liberia Togo Guinea Mozambique Sierra Leone Central African Republic Comoros Nigeria Angola Mali
Democratic Republic of the Congo

3.7 6.1 8.8 10.6 10.7 11.8 13.1 14.0 14.3 14.5 14.9 15.5 15.8 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.7 17.2 17.5 18.0 20.2 20.4 20.5 20.8 21.2 21.3 21.8 25.0 26.7 27.5 27.9 28.2 33.9 34.5 34.6 36.8 37.4 38.9 39.9

Chile United States of America Brazil Jamaica Argentina Dominican Republic Mexico
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0.5 1.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.1 5.4 6.0 6.1 6.2 8.6 10.8 17.7 18.9

Germany Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Serbia

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

1.1 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.5 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.9 6.6 8.4 14.9

Tunisia Jordan Lebanon Saudi Arabia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Egypt Iraq Morocco Syrian Arab Republic Djibouti Pakistan Sudan Somalia Afghanistan Yemen Bahrain Iran (Islamic Republic of) Kuwait Oman Qatar United Arab Emirates

3.3 3.6 4.2 5.3 5.6 6.8 7.1 9.9 10.0 29.6 31.3 31.7 32.8 32.9 43.1

Czech Republic Montenegro Georgia Kyrgyzstan Republic of Moldova Romania Turkey Ukraine Armenia Uzbekistan Kazakhstan Albania Azerbaijan Tajikistan Andorra Austria Belgium Croatia Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta

Cuba Panama Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Nicaragua Trinidad and Tobago Belize Colombia Peru Uruguay El Salvador Ecuador Honduras Guyana Guatemala Haiti Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Canada Costa Rica Dominica Grenada Paraguay Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname

Tuvalu Singapore Mongolia China Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Viet Nam Philippines Cambodia Lao People's Democratic Republic Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Malaysia Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Republic of Korea Samoa Tonga Vanuatu

1.6 3.3 5.3 6.8 11.5 18.1 20.2 20.7 28.8 31.6

Chad Eritrea Ethiopia Madagascar Burkina Faso Burundi Niger Cape Verde Mauritius Seychelles South Africa

Thailand Bhutan Indonesia Democratic People's Republic of Korea Sri Lanka Maldives Myanmar Nepal Timor-Leste Bangladesh India

7.0 12.0 19.6 20.6 21.1 25.7 29.6 38.8 40.6 41.3 43.5

Monaco Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Russian Federation San Marino Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkmenistan United Kingdom

Key
Country trend 1990 Latest available

This chart shows the percentage of children under 5 years old who are underweight in each country. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Regional averages are not available at this time. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 5.

23

2. Under-ve mortality rate (probability of dying by age 5 per 1000 live births)

Seychelles Mauritius Cape Verde Botswana Algeria Namibia Eritrea South Africa Ghana Gabon Lesotho Swaziland Zimbabwe Sao Tome and Principe Togo Malawi United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Gambia Madagascar Senegal Ethiopia Rwanda Cte d'Ivoire Mauritania Benin Congo Kenya Mozambique Cameroon Uganda Regional average Liberia Guinea Equatorial Guinea Zambia Niger Burundi Burkina Faso Central African Republic Nigeria Mali Sierra Leone Guinea-Bissau
Democratic Republic of the Congo

11 16 29 31 41 42 58 67 76 77 79 83 96 97 98 100 103 105 106 106 108 109 112 114 118 121 127 128 130 131 135 144 146 147 148 167 168 169 173 186 194 194 195 199 209 220 Regional average 142

Canada Cuba United States of America Chile Dominica Barbados Costa Rica Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Argentina Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Uruguay Mexico El Salvador
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

6 6 8 9 10 11 11 12 13 13 15 15 15 15 16 17 18 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 27 27 28 31 31 33 34 35 54 61 72 18

San Marino Finland Greece Iceland Luxembourg Norway Slovenia Sweden Andorra Austria Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark France Germany Italy Monaco Portugal Spain Belgium Croatia Ireland Israel Netherlands Switzerland Estonia United Kingdom Hungary Lithuania Malta Poland Slovakia Serbia Latvia Montenegro Bulgaria Russian Federation
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 9 11 11 11 13 13 14 15 15 17 22 23 30 30 36 38 38 48 64 14 Regional average Regional average

Qatar United Arab Emirates Kuwait Bahrain Oman Lebanon Syrian Arab Republic Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Jordan Saudi Arabia Tunisia Egypt Iran (Islamic Republic of) Morocco Iraq Yemen Pakistan Djibouti Sudan Somalia Afghanistan

8 8 11 12 12 13 16 17 20 21 21 23 32 36 45 69 89 95 109 200 257 78

Regional average

Belize Colombia Brazil Panama Peru Ecuador Nicaragua Suriname Paraguay Honduras Jamaica

Japan Singapore Australia Republic of Korea Malaysia New Zealand Brunei Darussalam Viet Nam Cook Islands Palau Fiji Tonga China Samoa Niue Philippines Vanuatu Marshall Islands Solomon Islands Tuvalu Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Nauru Kiribati Lao People's Democratic Republic Papua New Guinea Cambodia

3 3 5 5 6 6 7 14 15 15 18 19 21 26 28 32 33 36 36 36 39 41 45 48 61 69 89 21

Dominican Republic Guatemala Trinidad and Tobago Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Guyana Haiti

Belarus Thailand Sri Lanka Maldives Indonesia Nepal Bangladesh Democratic People's Republic of Korea India Bhutan Timor-Leste Myanmar 14 17 28 41 51 54 55 69 81 93 122 63 Regional average Romania Albania

Bosnia and Herzegovina Ukraine Republic of Moldova Turkey Armenia Georgia Kazakhstan Azerbaijan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan

Chad Angola

Key
1990 Country trend Latest available MDG target 2015

Turkmenistan Tajikistan

This chart shows estimated under-five mortality for 2008, with countries within each WHO region sorted by level. The bold lines indicate trends since 1990 or since the first year for which data are available. The thin lines indicate the projected trend needed to reduce by two thirds the under-five mortality rate by 2015. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 1.

24

3. Measles immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (%)

Seychelles Mauritius Cape Verde Eritrea Swaziland Botswana Sao Tome and Principe Rwanda Gambia Kenya Algeria Malawi United Republic of Tanzania Ghana Lesotho Zambia Burundi Madagascar Cameroon Niger Angola Congo
Mozambique

99 98 96 95 95 94 93 92 91 90 88 88 88 86 85 85 84 81 80 80 79 79 77 77 77 76 76 75 74 73 68 68 67 66 65 64 64 63 62 62 62 61 60 55 51 23 73

Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Brazil Cuba Dominica Grenada Nicaragua Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Guatemala Mexico El Salvador Guyana Honduras Uruguay Regional average Canada Barbados Chile Colombia United States of America Costa Rica Trinidad and Tobago Bahamas Peru Jamaica Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Suriname Panama
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 96 96 96 95 95 95 95 94 92 92 92 92 91 91 90 90 88 86 86 85 82 79 77 66 58 Regional average 93

Belarus Greece Hungary Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Monaco Russian Federation Slovakia Turkmenistan Albania Andorra Poland Spain
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 98 98 98 98 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 95 95 94 94 94 94 93 93 92 91 89 89 89 87 87 87 86 86 84 84 83 78 73 66

Bahrain Kuwait Oman Iran (Islamic Republic of) Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tunisia Saudi Arabia Morocco Jordan Egypt Qatar United Arab Emirates Regional average Pakistan

99 99 99 98 98 98 97 96 95 92 92 92 85 81 79 75 73 69 62 53 24 83

Syrian Arab Republic Sudan Afghanistan Djibouti Iraq Yemen Lebanon Somalia

Uzbekistan Czech Republic Finland Latvia Lithuania Portugal Romania Turkey Bulgaria Croatia Georgia Iceland Luxembourg Netherlands Slovenia Sweden Estonia Germany Armenia Republic of Moldova Ukraine Belgium Norway Serbia Italy

Senegal Togo Comoros Guinea-Bissau Burkina Faso Ethiopia Regional average Namibia Mali Uganda
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Nauru Niue Tonga Brunei Darussalam Japan Mongolia Palau Cook Islands Malaysia Singapore Australia China Fiji Marshall Islands Regional average Micronesia (Federated States of) Philippines Republic of Korea Viet Nam Cambodia New Zealand Kiribati Vanuatu Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Lao People's Democratic Republic Samoa Tuvalu

99 99 99 97 97 97 97 95 95 95 94 94 94 94 93 92 92 92 92 89 86 72 65 60 54 52 45 93

Dominican Republic Paraguay Ecuador

Haiti

Zimbabwe Mauritania Guinea Liberia Cte d'Ivoire Central African Republic Nigeria South Africa Benin Sierra Leone Gabon Equatorial Guinea Chad

Bhutan Democratic People's Republic of Korea Sri Lanka Thailand Maldives Bangladesh Indonesia Myanmar Regional average Nepal Timor-Leste India

99 98 98 98 97 89 83 82 79 73 70 75

Denmark Ireland Montenegro Cyprus France Switzerland Tajikistan United Kingdom Bosnia and Herzegovina Israel Austria Malta

Key
Country trend 1990 Latest available

San Marino Azerbaijan

This chart shows the percentage of 1-year-olds fully immunized against measles, with countries within each WHO region sorted by 2008 level. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

25

4. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)

Mauritius Algeria Cape Verde Namibia Botswana Swaziland Comoros South Africa Eritrea Madagascar Togo Gabon Mozambique Uganda Ghana Kenya Equatorial Guinea Gambia Burkina Faso Ethiopia Congo Cte d'Ivoire Mauritania Zambia Benin Regional average Zimbabwe Guinea United Republic of Tanzania Lesotho Mali Central African Republic Senegal

15 180 210 210 380 390 400 400 450 510 510 520 520 550 560 560 680 690 700 720 740 810 820 830 840 880 910 950 960 970 980 980 900 Regional average

Canada United States of America Bahamas Barbados Chile Uruguay Costa Rica Cuba Trinidad and Tobago Belize
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

7 11 16 16 16 20 30 45 45 52 57 60 72 77 99

Ireland Bosnia and Herzegovina Denmark Greece Italy Sweden Austria Czech Republic Germany Iceland Israel Spain Switzerland Hungary Netherlands Slovakia Slovenia Croatia Finland Norway Belgium France Malta Poland United Kingdom

1 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 Regional average

Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia Bahrain United Arab Emirates Jordan Oman Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tunisia Egypt Syrian Arab Republic Iran (Islamic Republic of) Lebanon Morocco Iraq Pakistan Yemen Sudan Djibouti

4 12 18 32 37 62 64 97 100 130 130 140 150 240 300 320 430 450 650 420

Mexico Suriname Argentina

Brazil 110 Colombia 130 Panama 130 Dominican Republic 150 Paraguay 150 El Salvador 170 Jamaica 170 Nicaragua 170 Ecuador 210 Peru 240 Honduras 280 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 290 Guatemala 290 Guyana 470 Haiti 670 Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Somalia 1 400 Afghanistan 1 800

Cyprus 10 Latvia 10
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Australia Japan New Zealand Brunei Darussalam Republic of Korea Singapore China Mongolia Regional average Malaysia

4 6 9 13 14 14 45 46 62 82

10

Bulgaria 11 Lithuania 11 Portugal 11 Luxembourg 12 Belarus 18 Ukraine 18 Republic of Moldova 22 Romania 24 Uzbekistan 24 Estonia 25 Regional average Russian Federation 28 27

Cameroon 1 000 Burundi 1 100

Democratic Republic of the Congo 1 100

Viet Nam 150 Fiji 210 Solomon Islands 220 Philippines 230 Papua New Guinea 470 Cambodia 540 Lao People's Democratic Republic 660 Cook Islands Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Nauru Niue Palau Samoa Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu

Guinea-Bissau 1 100 Malawi 1 100 Nigeria 1 100 Liberia 1 200 Rwanda 1 300 Angola 1 400 Chad 1 500 Niger 1 800 Sierra Leone 2 100 Sao Tome and Principe Seychelles Sri Lanka 58 Thailand 110 Maldives 120 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 370 Myanmar 380 Timor-Leste 380 Indonesia 420 Bhutan 440 Regional average India 450 450

Turkey 44 Georgia 66 Armenia 76 Azerbaijan 82 Albania 92 Turkmenistan 130 Kazakhstan 140 Kyrgyzstan 150 Tajikistan 170 Andorra Monaco Montenegro San Marino Serbia

Bangladesh 570 Nepal 830

This chart shows the interagency estimated maternal mortality ratio for each country for 2005, with countries within each WHO region sorted by level. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 2.

26

5. Births attended by skilled health personnel (%)

Mauritius Algeria Botswana South Africa Congo Gabon Namibia Sao Tome and Principe Benin Cape Verde
Democratic Republic of the Congo

99 95 94 91 86 86 81 81 78 78 74 74 69 63 63 62 62 61 57 57 57 55 54 54 54 52 52 51 49 48 47 47 46 46 42 42 42 39 39 38 34 28 18 14 6 47

Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Canada Chile Cuba Ecuador Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Vincent and the Grenadines United States of America Uruguay Dominican Republic Saint Lucia Trinidad and Tobago Brazil Jamaica Belize Colombia
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 98 97 97 96 96 95 94 94 94 91 90 84 83 77 74 73 67 66 41 26 Regional average 92

Albania Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Estonia Finland Germany Hungary Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Montenegro Netherlands Poland Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Switzerland Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Armenia Georgia Kyrgyzstan
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 98 98 96 89 83 83 Regional average

Bahrain Jordan Kuwait Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Qatar United Arab Emirates Lebanon Oman Iran (Islamic Republic of) Saudi Arabia Djibouti Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Iraq Egypt Morocco Sudan Pakistan Yemen Somalia Afghanistan

99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 97 96 93 93 90 89 79 63 59 49 39 36 33 14

Swaziland Zimbabwe Cameroon Equatorial Guinea Comoros Togo Mauritania Cte d'Ivoire Gambia Ghana Lesotho Burkina Faso Central African Republic Malawi Rwanda Senegal Madagascar Mali Mozambique Angola Zambia Regional average Liberia

Costa Rica Dominica Regional average Mexico Panama Suriname El Salvador Guyana Paraguay Nicaragua Peru Honduras Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Guatemala Haiti

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Malaysia Mongolia Niue Palau Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Tonga Tuvalu China Nauru Marshall Islands New Zealand Regional average Vanuatu Kiribati Micronesia (Federated States of) Viet Nam Philippines Cambodia Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Lao People's Democratic Republic

99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 97 95 94 93 92 90 88 88 62 44 43 39 20

United Republic of Tanzania Kenya Sierra Leone Uganda Guinea-Bissau Nigeria Guinea Burundi Eritrea Niger Chad Ethiopia Seychelles

Azerbaijan Tajikistan Turkey

Sri Lanka Thailand Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Maldives Indonesia Myanmar Regional average Bhutan India Nepal Timor-Leste Bangladesh

99 99 97 84 73 57 51 47 19 19 18 49

Andorra Austria Belgium Denmark France Greece Iceland Israel Monaco Norway San Marino Spain Sweden United Kingdom

Key
Country trend 1990 Latest available

This chart shows the percentage of births attended by skilled health personnel. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

27

6. Contraceptive prevalence (%)

Mauritius 75.8 Algeria 61.4 Cape Verde 61.3 South Africa 60.3 Zimbabwe 60.2 Namibia 55.1 Swaziland 50.6 Botswana 44.4 Congo 44.3 Malawi 41.0 Zambia 40.8 Kenya 39.3 Lesotho 37.3 Rwanda 36.4 Gabon 32.7 Sao Tome and Principe 29.3 Cameroon 29.2 Madagascar 27.1 United Republic of Tanzania 26.4 Comoros 25.7 Regional average Uganda 23.7 Ghana 23.5
Democratic Republic of the Congo 20.6

Paraguay 79.4 Colombia 78.2 Uruguay 77.0 Canada 74.0 Dominican Republic 72.9 United States of America 72.8 Ecuador 72.7 Cuba 72.6 El Salvador 72.5 Nicaragua 72.4 Peru 71.3 Regional average Mexico 70.9 Jamaica 69.0 Argentina 65.3 Honduras 65.2 Chile 64.2 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 60.6 Guatemala 43.3 Trinidad and Tobago 42.5 Suriname 42.1 23.7 Belize 34.3 Guyana 34.2 Haiti 32.0 Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Brazil Costa Rica Dominica Grenada Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Norway 88.4 United Kingdom 82.0 France 81.8 Greece 76.2 Ireland 75.0 Belgium 74.6 Belarus 72.6 Turkey 71.0 Regional average Romania 70.3 68.4

Iran (Islamic Republic of) 73.3 Morocco 63.0 Egypt 60.3 Tunisia 60.2 Syrian Arab Republic 58.3 Lebanon 58.0 Jordan 57.1 Regional average Iraq 49.8 Pakistan 29.6 Yemen 27.7 Saudi Arabia 23.8 Afghanistan 18.6 Djibouti 17.8 Somalia 14.6 Sudan Bahrain Kuwait Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Oman Qatar United Arab Emirates 7.6 42.8

Republic of Moldova 67.8 Portugal 67.1 70.6 Netherlands 67.0 Ukraine 66.7 Spain 65.7 Uzbekistan 64.9 Turkmenistan 61.8 Albania 60.1 Armenia 53.1 Azerbaijan 51.1 Kazakhstan 50.7 Kyrgyzstan 47.8 Georgia 47.3 Serbia 41.2 Montenegro 39.4 Tajikistan 37.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 35.7
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Burundi 19.7 Central African Republic 19.0 Gambia 17.5 Burkina Faso 17.4 Benin 17.0 Togo 16.8 Mozambique 16.5 Ethiopia 14.7 Nigeria 14.7 Cte d'Ivoire 12.9 Senegal 11.8 Liberia 11.4 Niger 11.2 Guinea-Bissau 10.3 Equatorial Guinea 10.1 Mauritania Guinea Mali Sierra Leone Eritrea Angola Chad Seychelles 9.3 9.1 8.2 8.2 8.0 6.2 2.8

China 86.9 Republic of Korea 84.5 Regional average Viet Nam 79.0 Australia 70.8 Mongolia 66.0 Japan 54.3 Philippines 50.6 Cambodia 40.0 Kiribati 36.1 Nauru 35.6 Palau 32.8 Lao People's Democratic Republic 32.2 Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Malaysia Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) New Zealand Niue Papua New Guinea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu 82.7

13.5

Andorra Austria Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Hungary Iceland

Thailand 81.1 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 68.6 Sri Lanka 68.0 Regional average Indonesia 61.4 India 56.3 Bangladesh 55.8 Nepal 48.0 Maldives 39.0 Myanmar 37.0 Bhutan 30.7 Timor-Leste 10.0 57.5

Israel Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Poland Russian Federation San Marino Slovakia Slovenia Sweden Switzerland

This chart shows the percentage of women married or cohabiting who report current use of at least one method of contraception. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

28

7. Adolescent fertility rate (per 1000 girls aged 1519 years)

Algeria Burundi Mauritius Rwanda Botswana Seychelles South Africa Ghana Namibia Eritrea Mauritania Sao Tome and Principe Cape Verde Comoros Lesotho Senegal Zimbabwe Gambia Ethiopia Cte d'Ivoire Swaziland Benin Kenya Regional average Democratic Republic of the Congo Nigeria Equatorial Guinea Burkina Faso Congo Central African Republic Liberia United Republic of Tanzania Cameroon Sierra Leone Zambia Guinea Madagascar Uganda Angola Guinea-Bissau Malawi Mozambique Mali Chad Niger Gabon Togo

4 30 35 40 51 54 54 74 74 85 88 91 92 95 98 100 101 104 109 111 111 114 116 124 126 128 131 132 133 137 139 141 146 146 153 154 159 165 170 178 185 190 193 199 Regional average 118 Regional average

Canada Trinidad and Tobago United States of America Cuba Bahamas Dominica Chile Saint Lucia Barbados Grenada Brazil Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Jamaica Peru Argentina Costa Rica Suriname Uruguay Paraguay Antigua and Barbuda El Salvador Haiti Saint Kitts and Nevis Mexico Panama Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Belize Guyana
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

14 35 41 42 43 48 49 49 51 53 56 57 58 59 62 63 63 63 65 67 67 69 74 82 85 88 90 90 91 92 96 98 61

San Marino Netherlands Switzerland Slovenia Cyprus Denmark Sweden Italy France Finland Norway

1 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 8 9 9

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tunisia Saudi Arabia Oman Kuwait Bahrain Qatar Lebanon Morocco Pakistan United Arab Emirates Iran (Islamic Republic of) Djibouti Egypt Regional average Jordan Iraq Syrian Arab Republic Yemen Somalia Afghanistan Sudan

4 6 7 11 14 15 16 18 18 20 23 25 27 27 28 68 75 80 123 151 35

Belgium 10 Germany 10 Luxembourg 10 Andorra 11 Czech Republic 11 Greece 11 Austria 12 Spain 12 Albania 13 Croatia 13 Poland 13 Iceland 14 Israel 15 Bosnia and Herzegovina 16 Montenegro 16 Ireland 17 Latvia 17 Malta 17 Portugal 17 Lithuania 19
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Republic of Korea China Japan Regional average Singapore Malaysia Australia Tonga Mongolia Tuvalu Brunei Darussalam Niue 23 New Zealand Samoa Fiji Palau Viet Nam Kiribati Cook Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Cambodia Philippines Nauru Papua New Guinea Marshall Islands

2 5 5 6 13 15 16 19 22 26 28 29 29 30 31 35 39 47 51 52 55 69 70 88 11

Guatemala Colombia Dominican Republic

19

Ecuador 100 Honduras 108 Nicaragua 109

Belarus 20 Estonia 20 Hungary 20 Turkmenistan 20 Regional average Slovakia 21 Serbia 24 Armenia 25

Maldives Sri Lanka India Bhutan Thailand Indonesia Timor-Leste

8 28 45 46 46 51 59 55

Republic of Moldova 25 United Kingdom 26 Uzbekistan 26 Kazakhstan 27 Tajikistan 27 Kyrgyzstan 28 Russian Federation 28 Ukraine 30 Romania 35 Georgia 37 Bulgaria 38 Azerbaijan 44 Turkey 51 Monaco

Nepal 106 Bangladesh 127 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Myanmar

Lao People's Democratic Republic 110 Solomon Islands Vanuatu

This chart shows estimated adolescent fertility expressed as the number of births among girls aged 1519 years per 1000 girls in this age group per year. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 9.

29

8. Antenatal care coverage (%): at least 1 visit and at least 4 visits

Cape Verde Gambia Sao Tome and Principe Botswana Rwanda Namibia Gabon Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Burundi Kenya Malawi South Africa Ghana Lesotho Algeria Mozambique Guinea Senegal Sierra Leone Congo Equatorial Guinea
Burkina Faso

98 98 98 97 96 95 94 94 94 94 92 92 92 92 90 90 89 89 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 85 85 84 84 82 80 80 79 78 76 75 75 70 70 69 58 46 39 28 73

Antigua and Barbuda 100 Barbados 100 Cuba 100 Dominica 100 Grenada 100 Saint Kitts and Nevis 100 Argentina Dominican Republic Saint Lucia Bahamas Brazil Uruguay Paraguay Trinidad and Tobago Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Belize Colombia El Salvador Mexico
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Kazakhstan 100 Belarus 99 Bosnia and Herzegovina 99 Turkmenistan 99 Ukraine 99 Uzbekistan 99 Republic of Moldova 98 Serbia 98 Albania 97 Kyrgyzstan 97 Montenegro 97 Georgia 94 Romania 94
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Oman Jordan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Lebanon Tunisia Djibouti Iraq Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Morocco Regional average Sudan Pakistan Yemen Somalia Afghanistan Bahrain Kuwait Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates

100 99 98 96 96 92 84 84 74 68 64 61 47 26 16 65

99 99 99 98 98 97 96 96 95 94 94 94 94 94 92 91 91 90 90 90 85 84 84 81 77 94

94

Armenia 93 Turkey 92 Tajikistan 89 Azerbaijan 77 Andorra Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg

Regional average

Honduras Jamaica Peru Costa Rica Nicaragua Suriname Haiti Ecuador Guatemala Guyana

Cte d'Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Mongolia Tuvalu Nauru China Philippines Regional average Viet Nam Vanuatu Marshall Islands Malaysia Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands Cambodia Lao People's Democratic Republic

99 97 95 91 91 91 84 81 79 79 74 69 35 90

Swaziland Benin Togo Cameroon Angola Madagascar Liberia Guinea-Bissau United Republic of Tanzania Comoros Regional average Mauritania Eritrea Mali Central African Republic Nigeria Niger Chad Ethiopia Mauritius Seychelles

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Canada Chile Panama United States of America

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Micronesia (Federated States of) New Zealand Niue Palau Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Tonga

Sri Lanka Thailand Indonesia Bhutan Maldives Regional average Myanmar India Timor-Leste Bangladesh Nepal

99 98 93 88 81 76 74 61 51 44 75

Malta Monaco Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Russian Federation San Marino Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Key
1+ visit 4+ visits

Switzerland United Kingdom

This chart shows the percentage of women who received antenatal care from skilled health personnel at least once and at least four times during pregnancy. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000 for coverage of at least one visit. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

30

9. Unmet need for family planning (%)

Mauritius Namibia

3.5 6.7

Colombia United States of America Paraguay Ecuador Nicaragua Peru El Salvador

5.8 6.3 6.6 7.4 7.5 8.1 8.9 9.4

Albania 1.3 Turkey 6.0 Republic of Moldova 6.7 Turkmenistan 10.1 Ukraine 10.3 Romania 11.9 Armenia 13.3 Georgia 16.3 Azerbaijan 22.7 Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Regional average Regional average

Morocco 10.0 Egypt 10.3 Jordan 11.9 Tunisia 12.1 Pakistan 24.9 Afghanistan Bahrain Djibouti Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Kuwait Lebanon Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Sudan Syrian Arab Republic United Arab Emirates Yemen 18.6

Zimbabwe 12.8 Niger 15.8 Congo 16.2 Cape Verde 16.7 Nigeria 16.9 Mozambique 18.4 Cameroon 20.2 Guinea 21.2 United Republic of Tanzania 21.8 Chad 23.3 Madagascar 23.6 Regional average Swaziland 24.0 24.3

Regional average Dominican Republic 11.4 Jamaica 11.7 Mexico 12.0 Honduras 16.9 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 22.7 Guatemala 27.6 Haiti 37.5 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Brazil Canada Chile Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Grenada Guyana Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Democratic Republic of the Congo 24.4

Kenya 24.5 Zambia 26.5 Eritrea 27.0 Malawi 27.6 Gabon 28.0 Burkina Faso 28.8 Burundi 29.0 Benin 29.9 Lesotho 30.9 Mali 31.2 Mauritania 31.6 Senegal 31.6 Ethiopia 33.8 Ghana 34.0 Liberia 35.6 Rwanda 37.9 Uganda 40.6 Algeria Angola Botswana Central African Republic Comoros Cte d'Ivoire Equatorial Guinea Gambia Guinea-Bissau Sao Tome and Principe Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Togo Regional average

China 2.3 Mongolia 4.6 Viet Nam 4.8 Philippines 17.3 Cambodia 25.1

3.4

Lao People's Democratic Republic 39.5 Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Malaysia Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Papua New Guinea Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu

Thailand 3.1 Timor-Leste 3.8 Indonesia 9.1 India 12.8 Bangladesh 17.1 Sri Lanka 18.2 Myanmar 19.1 Nepal 24.6 Bhutan Democratic People's Republic of Korea Maldives 12.8

Poland Portugal Russian Federation San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

United Kingdom Uzbekistan

This chart shows the percentage of women who are fecund and sexually active but are not using any method of contraception, and report not wanting any more children or wanting to delay the next child. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

31

10. Prevalence of HIV among adults aged 1549 years (%)

Comoros Algeria Madagascar Mauritania Niger Gambia Senegal Benin Eritrea Mali Burkina Faso Guinea Liberia Mauritius Sierra Leone Guinea-Bissau Ghana Burundi Angola Ethiopia Rwanda Nigeria Togo Equatorial Guinea Chad Congo Cte d'Ivoire Regional average Cameroon Uganda Gabon United Republic of Tanzania Central African Republic Malawi Mozambique Zambia Namibia Zimbabwe South Africa Lesotho Botswana Swaziland Cape Verde Democratic Republic of the Congo Kenya Sao Tome and Principe Seychelles

<0.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.9 5.1 5.4 5.9 6.2 6.3 11.9 12.5 15.2 15.3 15.3 18.1 23.2 23.9 26.1 Regional average 4.9 Regional average

Cuba Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Nicaragua Chile Ecuador Mexico Canada Costa Rica Argentina Peru Brazil Colombia Paraguay United States of America Uruguay Honduras El Salvador Guatemala Panama Dominican Republic Barbados Trinidad and Tobago Jamaica Belize Haiti Suriname Guyana Bahamas Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 3.0 0.5

Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Slovakia Slovenia

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.6 0.5

Lebanon Morocco Pakistan Tunisia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Regional average Somalia Sudan Djibouti Afghanistan Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Kuwait Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic United Arab Emirates Yemen

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.4 3.1 0.2

Turkmenistan Armenia Finland Georgia Germany Hungary Israel Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Lithuania Malta Norway Poland Romania Serbia Sweden Uzbekistan Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Denmark Greece Iceland Ireland Luxembourg Netherlands United Kingdom Tajikistan France Italy Republic of Moldova Portugal

Republic of Korea China Fiji Mongolia New Zealand Regional average Australia

<0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.5 0.1

Lao People's Democratic Republic Singapore Malaysia Viet Nam Cambodia Papua New Guinea Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Japan Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Nauru Niue Palau Philippines Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu

Bhutan Indonesia India Nepal Myanmar Thailand Bangladesh Democratic People's Republic of Korea Maldives Sri Lanka Timor-Leste

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.3

Regional average

Spain

Switzerland Latvia Russian Federation Estonia Ukraine Albania Andorra Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Republic Monaco Montenegro San Marino Turkey

Key
Country trend 1990 Latest available

This chart shows the estimated prevalence of HIV infection in adults aged 1549 years, with countries within each WHO region sorted by 2007 level. The regional averages are based on updates and reflect 2008 levels. Because of limited data availability for the MDG target age group (1524 years) prevalence is reported here for the 1549 age group. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 2.

32

11. Males aged 1524 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS (%)

Namibia Rwanda Swaziland Kenya Zimbabwe United Republic of Tanzania Uganda Zambia Cape Verde Malawi Benin Congo Cameroon Ethiopia Ghana Regional average Mozambique Cte d'Ivoire Central African Republic Senegal Burkina Faso Guinea Mali
Democratic Republic of the Congo

62 54 52 47 46 40 38 37 36 36 35 35 34 33 33 33 28 27 26 23 23 22 21 21 19 19 16 16 30

Guyana Haiti Dominican Republic Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago United States of America Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

47 40 34 18

Ukraine 43 Armenia 15 Azerbaijan 5

Afghanistan Bahrain Djibouti Egypt Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Morocco Oman Pakistan Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen

Albania Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania

Nigeria Chad Lesotho Madagascar Niger Algeria Angola Botswana Burundi Comoros Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Gabon Gambia Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mauritania Mauritius Sao Tome and Principe Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa Togo

Viet Nam Cambodia Marshall Islands Philippines

50 45 39 18

Australia Brunei Darussalam China Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Papua New Guinea Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu

Nepal India

44 36

Russian Federation San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Bangladesh Bhutan Democratic People's Republic of Korea Indonesia Maldives Myanmar Sri Lanka Thailand Timor-Leste

Turkey Turkmenistan United Kingdom Uzbekistan

This chart shows the percentage of males who correctly identify the two major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV, who reject the two most-common local misconceptions about HIV transmission and who know that a healthy-looking person can transmit HIV. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 5.

33

12. Females aged 1524 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS (%)

Namibia Swaziland Rwanda United Republic of Tanzania Sao Tome and Principe Zimbabwe Gambia Eritrea Cape Verde Kenya Zambia Uganda Burundi Togo Cameroon Lesotho Congo Ghana Regional average Malawi Senegal Ethiopia Mozambique Madagascar Comoros Cte d'Ivoire Guinea-Bissau Mali Nigeria Central African Republic Guinea Sierra Leone Benin Burkina Faso
Democratic Republic of the Congo

65 52 51 45 44 44 39 37 36 34 34 32 30 28 27 27 26 25 24 21 20 20 19 18 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 16 15 15 13 13 7 4 Regional average 23

Jamaica Guyana Dominican Republic Suriname Haiti Cuba Honduras Trinidad and Tobago Nicaragua Peru
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

60 53 41 41 34 30 30 28 22 19 15

Bosnia and Herzegovina 48 Serbia 42 Ukraine 42 Belarus 34 Uzbekistan 31 Montenegro 30

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Djibouti Morocco Syrian Arab Republic Somalia Iraq Afghanistan Bahrain

Egypt

18 12 7 4 3

27

Armenia 23 Kazakhstan 22 Kyrgyzstan 20 Albania Azerbaijan Tajikistan 6 6 3

Iran (Islamic Republic of) Jordan Kuwait

Lebanon

Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominica Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Mexico Panama Paraguay Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines United States of America Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Oman Pakistan Qatar Saudi Arabia Sudan Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen

Andorra Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Netherlands Norway

Cambodia Viet Nam Mongolia Marshall Islands Philippines

50 42 35 27 12

Australia Brunei Darussalam China Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Micronesia (Federated States of) Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Papua New Guinea Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu

Algeria

Niger Chad Equatorial Guinea Angola Botswana Gabon Liberia Mauritania Mauritius Seychelles South Africa

Thailand Nepal
India

46 28 20 16 21

Poland Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation San Marino Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan United Kingdom

Bangladesh

Bhutan Democratic People's Republic of Korea Indonesia Maldives Myanmar Sri Lanka Timor-Leste

This chart shows the percentage of females who correctly identify the two major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV, who reject the two most-common local misconceptions about HIV transmission and who know that a healthy-looking person can transmit HIV. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 5.

34

13. Antiretroviral therapy coverage among people with advanced HIV infection (%)

Namibia Botswana Rwanda Senegal Benin Regional average Zambia Gabon Swaziland Mali Kenya Burkina Faso Malawi Uganda Equatorial Guinea United Republic of Tanzania Ethiopia Cte d'Ivoire South Africa Guinea Lesotho Nigeria Angola Cameroon
Democratic Republic of the Congo

88 79 71 56 49 46 42 42 41 38 35 35 33 31 31 29 28 28 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 21 20 20 20 19 18 17 17 17 15 13 13 10 4 Regional average Regional average 44

Costa Rica >95 Cuba >95 Chile Brazil Argentina Mexico Panama Uruguay El Salvador Belize Peru Honduras Guyana Suriname Jamaica Ecuador Haiti Colombia Dominican Republic Guatemala Nicaragua Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Paraguay Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Canada Dominica Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States of America
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Romania 73 Republic of Moldova 58 Poland 36 Uzbekistan 24 Regional average Kazakhstan 23 Hungary 22 Belarus 20 54 Lithuania 18 Serbia 17 Russian Federation 16 Latvia 15 Azerbaijan 14 Kyrgyzstan 14 Armenia 12 Ukraine Tajikistan 8 6 23 Regional average

Morocco Tunisia Lebanon Djibouti Egypt Iran (Islamic Republic of) Pakistan Sudan Afghanistan Bahrain Iraq Jordan Kuwait Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Syrian Arab Republic United Arab Emirates Yemen

31 29 26 16 9 5 3 1 11

82 80 73 57 56 56 51 49 48 47 45 45 43 42 41 38 38 37 30 22 22

Albania Andorra Austria Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Luxembourg Malta Monaco

Mozambique Burundi Mauritania Mauritius Central African Republic Algeria Guinea-Bissau Sierra Leone Togo Gambia Congo Liberia Zimbabwe Ghana Chad Eritrea Niger Madagascar Cape Verde Comoros Sao Tome and Principe Seychelles

Lao People's Democratic Republic >95 Cambodia Papua New Guinea Malaysia Regional average Philippines Viet Nam China 67 38 35 31 26 19 31

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu

Thailand Indonesia Myanmar Sri Lanka Bangladesh Nepal

61 15 15 14 7 7 0

40

Montenegro Netherlands Norway Portugal San Marino Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Bhutan India Maldives Timor-Leste

Turkey Turkmenistan United Kingdom

This chart shows the percentage of people with advanced HIV infection currently receiving antiretroviral therapy according to standards of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS for each country for 2007, with countries within each WHO region sorted by level. The regional averages shown are based on 2008 updated data. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

35

14. Malaria mortality rate (per 100 000 population)

Algeria Cape Verde Swaziland South Africa Botswana Eritrea Zimbabwe Madagascar Sao Tome and Principe Comoros Namibia Ethiopia Rwanda Kenya Senegal Mauritania Mozambique Burundi Malawi Gabon United Republic of Tanzania Central African Republic Cte d'Ivoire Regional average Gambia Ghana Togo Cameroon Zambia Congo Angola Uganda Benin Sierra Leone Nigeria
Democratic Republic of the Congo

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.6 1.6 10 12 19 36 47 51 59 74 80 85 92 94 95 96 98 100 103 106 109 113 116 121 124 128 145 146 154 156 158 164 171 173 178 180 201 220 229 Regional average 104

Argentina Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Guatemala Honduras Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Ecuador
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 1.0 4.9 7.8 10 0.5

Armenia Azerbaijan Turkmenistan Georgia Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkey Uzbekistan Albania Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta

0.0 0.0 0.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Regional average Regional average

Egypt Iraq Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic Iran (Islamic Republic of) Afghanistan Pakistan Yemen Djibouti Somalia Sudan Bahrain Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Qatar Tunisia United Arab Emirates

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 <0.1 0.5 0.8 3.9 14 41 85 7.5

Dominican Republic Brazil Peru Regional average Colombia Suriname Haiti Guyana Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Canada Chile Cuba Dominica Grenada Jamaica Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States of America Uruguay

Republic of Korea

0.0

China <0.1 Malaysia Viet Nam Philippines 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.1 4.1 13 30 45 0.3

Lao People's Democratic Republic Cambodia Vanuatu Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Samoa Singapore Tonga Tuvalu

Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland

Guinea Liberia Chad Burkina Faso Guinea-Bissau Mali Equatorial Guinea Niger Lesotho Mauritius Seychelles

Democratic People's Republic of Korea Sri Lanka Nepal

Thailand

0.0 <0.1 0.1 0.6 1.3 1.5 3.0 4.2 19 93 2.1

Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

India Indonesia Bhutan Bangladesh Myanmar Timor-Leste Maldives

Ukraine United Kingdom

This chart shows the estimated number of deaths from malaria for 2006, with countries within each WHO region sorted by level. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 2.

36

15. Children aged <5 years sleeping under insecticide-treated nets (%)

Madagascar Sao Tome and Principe Gambia Equatorial Guinea Zambia Guinea-Bissau Kenya Togo Ethiopia Senegal Ghana Mali Sierra Leone Malawi Rwanda Benin Regional average United Republic of Tanzania Angola

60 54 49 42 41 39 39 35 33 31 28 27 26 25 24 20 17 16 15 13 10 9 9 8 7 7 6 6 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 0 17

Guyana Suriname Argentina Bahamas Belize Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

6 3

Azerbaijan Tajikistan

1 1

Sudan Somalia Afghanistan Regional average Djibouti Iraq Pakistan Egypt Iran (Islamic Republic of) Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic Yemen Non-endemic Bahrain Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Qatar Tunisia United Arab Emirates

28 9 6 1 0 0 5

Armenia Georgia Kyrgyzstan Russian Federation Turkey Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Non-endemic Albania Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland

Central African Republic Cameroon Burkina Faso Comoros Uganda Burundi Mozambique Niger Congo Cte d'Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Non-endemic Antigua and Barbuda Barbados Canada Chile Cuba Dominica Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States of America Uruguay

France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Cambodia 18 5 4

China Malaysia Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Solomon Islands Vanuatu Non-endemic Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Samoa Singapore Tonga Tuvalu

Nigeria Eritrea Liberia Zimbabwe Mauritania Chad Guinea Swaziland Algeria Botswana Cape Verde Gabon Namibia South Africa Non-endemic Lesotho Mauritius Seychelles

Timor-Leste Indonesia

8 3

Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Bangladesh Bhutan Democratic People's Republic of Korea India Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka Thailand Non-endemic Maldives

Ukraine United Kingdom

This chart shows the percentage of children under 5 years of age that slept under an insecticide-treated net the night prior to the survey. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

37

16. Children aged <5 years with fever who received treatment with any antimalarial (%)

Comoros Gambia Uganda Liberia Cameroon United Republic of Tanzania Central African Republic Benin Burkina Faso Congo Guinea-Bissau Guinea Zambia Togo Cte d'Ivoire Madagascar Niger Nigeria Chad Mali Burundi
Democratic Republic of the Congo

63 63 61 59 58 58 57 54 48 48 46 44 43 37 36 34 33 33 32 32 30 30 30 28 26 25 24 24 24 23 22 21 16 14 10 6 5 4

Haiti Nicaragua Guyana Honduras Argentina Bahamas Belize Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Jamaica Mexico Panama Paraguay Peru Suriname
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

5 2 1 1

Tajikistan Azerbaijan

2 1

Sudan Djibouti Afghanistan Somalia Pakistan Iraq Egypt Iran (Islamic Republic of) Morocco Oman Saudi Arabia Syrian Arab Republic Yemen Non-endemic Bahrain Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Qatar Tunisia United Arab Emirates

54 10 8 8 3 1

Armenia Georgia Kyrgyzstan Russian Federation Turkey Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Non-endemic Albania Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland

Sierra Leone Angola Swaziland Sao Tome and Principe Ghana Kenya Malawi Mozambique Senegal Mauritania Equatorial Guinea Namibia Ethiopia Rwanda Zimbabwe Eritrea Algeria Botswana Cape Verde Gabon South Africa Non-endemic Lesotho Mauritius Seychelles

Non-endemic Antigua and Barbuda Barbados Canada Chile Cuba Dominica Grenada Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States of America Uruguay

France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Cambodia 9 3 0

China Malaysia Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Solomon Islands Vanuatu Non-endemic Australia Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Japan Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Nauru New Zealand Niue Palau Samoa Singapore Tonga Tuvalu

Timor-Leste India Indonesia

47 12 1

Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Moldova Romania San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Bangladesh Bhutan

Democratic People's Republic of Korea Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka Thailand Non-endemic Maldives

Ukraine United Kingdom

This chart shows the percentage of children under 5 years of age with fever in the two weeks prior to the survey who received any antimalarial medicine. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted by the latest available data since 2000. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

38

17. Tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people (per 100 000 population)

Algeria Mauritius Equatorial Guinea Comoros Seychelles Eritrea United Republic of Tanzania Benin Cameroon Sao Tome and Principe Zambia Kenya Malawi Angola Guinea-Bissau Namibia Lesotho Uganda Swaziland Cape Verde Mozambique Niger Botswana South Africa Central African Republic Gabon Congo Gambia Ghana Liberia Burkina Faso Regional average Madagascar Zimbabwe Chad Guinea Nigeria Ethiopia Senegal Burundi Rwanda Cte d'Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo

4.1 4.7 5.0 8.0 8.7 9.0 13 15 16 18 18 19 23 25 25 26 27 27 31 33 36 37 38 39 41 41 42 44 44 46 51 52 54 60 60 63 64 64 69 71 75 77 80 81 92 140 51 Regional average

Barbados Saint Kitts and Nevis Antigua and Barbuda Canada Grenada United States of America Cuba Bahamas Costa Rica Chile Jamaica Saint Lucia Dominica Trinidad and Tobago Mexico Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Uruguay El Salvador Panama Argentina Brazil Nicaragua
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.7 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.8 4.1 4.3 4.6 5.1 5.4 8.7 10 12 12 13 15 22 29 32 3.4

Luxembourg Monaco San Marino Iceland Andorra Cyprus Germany Greece Switzerland Denmark France Israel Italy Netherlands Norway Sweden Austria Belgium Finland Ireland Czech Republic Slovakia United Kingdom Malta Slovenia Hungary Spain Serbia Albania Montenegro Croatia Portugal
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.4 4.6 5.2 5.5 5.8 7.7 8.4 9.3 12 13 15 15 21 24 25 27 44 6.5

United Arab Emirates Jordan Oman Saudi Arabia Lebanon Tunisia Kuwait Syrian Arab Republic Bahrain Iran (Islamic Republic of) Egypt Qatar Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Morocco Yemen Iraq Regional average Sudan

0.3 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.8 4.2 8.0 10 14 19 34 39 54 81 19

Afghanistan Pakistan Somalia Djibouti

Colombia Belize Paraguay Peru Honduras Dominican Republic Guatemala Ecuador Guyana Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Suriname Haiti

Niue Australia New Zealand Nauru Japan Singapore Tonga Fiji Cook Islands Brunei Darussalam Samoa Republic of Korea Micronesia (Federated States of) Tuvalu Vanuatu China Marshall Islands Palau Regional average Malaysia

0.0 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.4 2.5 3.0 3.2 4.0 4.2 4.3 5.5 6.6 11 11 12 14 14 15 19 21 21 25 32 34 52 79 15

Estonia Poland Turkey Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic of Moldova Belarus

Maldives Sri Lanka Bhutan Thailand Nepal India Regional average Democratic People's Republic of Korea Bangladesh Myanmar Timor-Leste Indonesia

2.9 10 15 19 22 23 27 39 50 57 83 28 Regional average

Latvia Bulgaria Romania Turkmenistan Lithuania Armenia Georgia Russian Federation Ukraine Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan

Mauritania Mali Togo Sierra Leone

Solomon Islands Mongolia Papua New Guinea Kiribati Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Philippines Cambodia

Key
Country trend 1990 Latest available

Uzbekistan Tajikistan

This chart shows the estimated number of deaths (per 100 000 population) from tuberculosis among HIV-negative cases for 2008, with countries within each WHO region sorted by level. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 4.

39

18. Population using improved drinking-water sources (%)

Mauritius Botswana Comoros Gambia Namibia South Africa Sao Tome and Principe Gabon Lesotho Cape Verde Algeria Ghana Zimbabwe Cte d'Ivoire Malawi Burkina Faso Benin Cameroon Burundi Congo Guinea Senegal Swaziland Liberia Central African Republic Uganda Rwanda Eritrea Guinea-Bissau Regional average Togo Zambia Kenya Nigeria Mali United Republic of Tanzania Angola Chad Mauritania Sierra Leone Niger Mozambique
Democratic Republic of the Congo

99 95 95 92 92 91 89 87 85 84 83 82 82 80 80 76 75 74 72 71 71 69 69 68 67 67 65 61 61 60 60 59 58 56 54 50 50 49 49 61 Regional average

Barbados Canada Uruguay Belize Saint Kitts and Nevis United States of America Saint Lucia Argentina Brazil Costa Rica Chile Cuba Ecuador Guatemala Guyana Jamaica Mexico Trinidad and Tobago Panama Suriname Colombia El Salvador Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Dominican Republic Honduras Paraguay Nicaragua Peru Haiti Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Dominica Grenada Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

100 100 100 99 99 99 98 97 97 97 96 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 93 93 92 87 86 86 86 86 85 82 63 96

Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Luxembourg Malta Monaco Netherlands Norway Poland Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 98 98 97 96 96 95 90 90 87 80 70 98 Regional average

Lebanon Qatar United Arab Emirates Egypt Kuwait Jordan Tunisia Djibouti Pakistan Syrian Arab Republic Regional average Oman Morocco Iraq Yemen Sudan Afghanistan Somalia Bahrain Iran (Islamic Republic of) Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Saudi Arabia

100 100 100 99 99 96 94 92 90 89 88 81 79 62 57 48 30 83

Australia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Niue Singapore Tonga Republic of Korea Tuvalu Marshall Islands Viet Nam Philippines Nauru China Vanuatu Mongolia Cambodia Lao People's Democratic Republic Papua New Guinea Brunei Darussalam Cook Islands Fiji Kiribati Micronesia (Federated States of) Palau Samoa Solomon Islands

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 97 94 94 91 90 89 82 76 61 57 41 90

United Kingdom Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Latvia Portugal Serbia Slovenia Turkey Estonia Georgia Montenegro

48 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Thailand 47 46 41 38 Regional average Bhutan Maldives Sri Lanka India Nepal Bangladesh Indonesia Myanmar Timor-Leste

100 98 92 91 90 88 88 80 80 71 69 86

Regional average

Ukraine Albania Armenia

Madagascar Ethiopia Equatorial Guinea Seychelles

Russian Federation Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Republic of Moldova Uzbekistan Azerbaijan Tajikistan Lithuania Romania San Marino Turkmenistan

Key
MDG target 1990 Country trend 2015 Latest available

This chart shows the percentage of the population using an improved drinking-water source, with countries within each WHO region sorted by 2008 level. The bold lines indicate trends since 1990 or since the first year for which data are available. The thin lines indicate the projected trend needed to double the proportion of people with sustainable access to safe drinking-water by 2015. The MDG target is worded in terms of halving the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking-water by 2015. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 5.

40

19. Population using improved sanitation (%)

Algeria Mauritius South Africa Gambia Botswana Angola Malawi Swaziland Cape Verde Rwanda Senegal Zambia Uganda Cameroon Burundi Zimbabwe Comoros Mali Central African Republic Regional average Gabon Namibia Nigeria Kenya Congo Lesotho Mauritania Sao Tome and Principe United Republic of Tanzania Cte d'Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo

95 91 77 67 60 57 56 55 54 54 51 49 48 47 46 44 36 36 34 34 33 33 32 31 30 29 26 26 24 23 23 21 19 17 17 14 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 9 9 Regional average Regional average

Bahamas Barbados Canada United States of America Uruguay Grenada Chile Saint Kitts and Nevis Costa Rica Ecuador Trinidad and Tobago Cuba Argentina Belize El Salvador Mexico Suriname Dominican Republic Jamaica Guatemala Guyana Brazil Colombia Honduras Paraguay Panama Peru Nicaragua Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Haiti Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

100 100 100 100 100 97 96 96 95 92 92 91 90 90 87 87 85 84 83 83 81 81 80 74 71 70 69 68 52 25 17

Andorra Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Denmark Finland France Germany Hungary Iceland Israel Luxembourg Malta Monaco Netherlands Norway Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom Uzbekistan Croatia Ireland Albania Czech Republic Greece Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Bosnia and Herzegovina Estonia Georgia Ukraine Regional average Tajikistan Belarus Kyrgyzstan

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 98 98 98 98 97 95 95 95 95 94 93 93 92 92 90 90 90 89 87 79 78 72 45 94 Regional average

Kuwait Qatar Jordan Libyan Arab Jamahiriya United Arab Emirates Syrian Arab Republic Egypt Tunisia Iraq Morocco Djibouti Yemen Pakistan Afghanistan Sudan Somalia Bahrain Iran (Islamic Republic of) Lebanon Oman Saudi Arabia

100 100 98 97 97 96 94 85 73 69 56 52 45 37 34 23 61

Australia Cook Islands Japan Niue Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Malaysia Tonga Tuvalu Philippines Viet Nam Marshall Islands Regional average China Lao People's Democratic Republic Vanuatu Mongolia Nauru Papua New Guinea Cambodia Brunei Darussalam Fiji Kiribati Micronesia (Federated States of) New Zealand Palau Solomon Islands

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 96 84 76 75 72 62 55 53 51 50 50 45 29

Guinea-Bissau Guinea Liberia Mozambique Eritrea Ghana Sierra Leone Benin Ethiopia Togo Burkina Faso Madagascar Chad Niger Equatorial Guinea Seychelles

Maldives Thailand Sri Lanka Myanmar Bhutan Bangladesh Indonesia Timor-Leste India Nepal

98 96 91 81 65 53 52 50 31 31 40

Montenegro Serbia Armenia Poland Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Russian Federation Republic of Moldova Latvia Romania Azerbaijan Italy Lithuania San Marino

Key
MDG target 1990 Country trend 2015 Latest available

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

This chart shows the percentage of the population using an improved sanitation facility, with countries within each WHO region sorted by 2008 level. The bold lines indicate trends since 1990 or since the first year for which data are available. The thin lines indicate the projected trend needed to double the proportion of people with sustainable access to basic sanitation by 2015. The MDG target is worded in terms of halving the proportion of people without sustainable access to basic sanitation by 2015. Further details can be found in Part II, Table 5.

41