CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION
The present energy crisis has focused the attention of mankind towards renewable and clean form of energy .The fossil carbon is gradually being replaced by renewable carbon as availability of fossil carbon is limited and causing irreversible damage to the environment . Among the various options available for usage of renewable energy source for power generation, Biomass option is considered as one of the best suited owing to the agriculture nature of India. Biomass as a renewable energy source, is biological material from living organism, or recently living organism , As an energy source , biomass can either be used directly ,or converted into other energy products such as biofuel. In the first sense , biomass is plant matter used to generate electricity with steam turbine & gasifier or produce heat, usally by direct combustion .Example includes forest residues yard chipping , wood chips and even municipal solid waste .in the second sense , biomass includes plant or animal matter that can be converted into the fibers or other industrial chemicals , including biofibers , industrial biomass can be grown numerous types of plant , including miscanthus , swithchgress,hemp,corn, poplar,willow,sorghum,sugarcane,and a variety of tree srecies, ranging from eucalyptus to oil plam. Thermal conversion is the processes in which heat is the dominant mechanism to convert the biomass into another chemical form.The basic alternatives of combustion , torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification are eparated principally by extent to which the chemical reaction involved are allowed to proceed ( mainly controlled by the availability of oxygen and conversion temprarture). There are a number of other less common, more experimental or proprietary thermal processes that may offer benefits such as hydrothermal upgrading (HTU) and hydroprocessing. Some have been developed for use on high moisture content biomass, including aqueous slurries, and allow them to be converted into more convenient forms. Some of the applications of thermal conversion are combined heat and power (CHP) and co-firing. In a typical biomass power plant, efficiencies range from 20-27%.

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Biomass includes agro-residues of all kind , fire wood and animal .These are regenerated as a by-product of other activities like farming , food production etc. or can even be developed on a sustainable basis. Koppal Green power limited is one of the best run achieving highest PLF for past three years among the Karnataka based power projects and rated as one of the best paying power projects by IREDA, New Delhi. The project is commissioned on 07.01.05 and has started exporting power to KPTCL grid . 90 Million Units have been exported as on 31/03/2009.

The project is a grid connected biomass based power plant with high pressure steam turbine configuration .The project activity involves installation of 6 MW biomass power project based on Rankin cycle .The steam generation unit consist of a high pressure (67 kg/cm2) and temperature (4900 C) travelling great boiler of 27 tons MCR.For the required generation capacity of 6MV a turbo generator unit rated at 6 MW with inlet steam parameters of 64/kg cm2 at 485 rC and a turbine speed 8280 rpm is being used .Fuel under consideration are rice husk , paddy straw other biomass based materials such as cotton stalk, sunflower stalk etc available in the region. The export potential of the power plant is 5.40 MW . This plant is operated for 8000 hours per annum.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

 The study is aimed to fulfill the following objectives
y y y To study the theoretical background of the organization. To analyze the functional areas of the organization through Mckensys-7s analysis and give a possible suggestion. To examine the complete comprehensively evaluation throughout SWOT analysis in the particular company organization

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

The study was aimed at understanding the functioning of the typical organization and the study was also aimed in getting on insight into the day to day operation of typical industry from duration period on 05/08/2011to 05/09/2011 in the year 2011.at Karatagi, Koppal Dist

DATA COLLECTION:
Data collection following are:

 Primary data
y Primary data was collected through discussions with concerned executives and observations.

 Secondary data
y y y y y y Secondary data was collected through company displayed in various developments in the factory. Records Books Annual Report Information sheet and E Source.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

y The Cover of the study is limited to Karatagi with references Koppal Green Power Limited, at Koppal District.

y The study is based on information given by the members of the organization and they
give biased informations.

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CHAPTERIZATION
Chapter-1
This chapter deals with general introduction, introduction, objective, scope of the study, limitation and data collection.

Chapter-2
This chapter deals with industry profile, Industry introduction, Mission, vision, Objectives, branch profile, with different heads and structure.

Chapter-3
Company profile deals with introduction, profile, mission, vision, objectives, and functional areas. Product profile, Purchase Department, Production Department, Finance Department, Human Resource Department, Safety Department.

Chapter-4
This chapter deals with Mckinseys 7s with frame work. Chapter-5 This chapter focused on SWOT Analysis.

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CHAPTER-2
AN INDUSTRY PROFILE; THEORETICAL FRAME WORK
INTRODUCTION
Electricity is a distinguished boon to the Human Society. From the Stone Age to Current. IT ssEra light plays a vital role in all aspects. As the civilization developed many changes has been take place. Even in the area of power also it is a remarkable achievement. Power is the most important infrastructure input for the development and growth of economy of the country. With the globalization and liberalization of the Indian economy, the potential for power sector growth has substantially improved. The Government of India its liberalized policy is allowing private sectors to play a significant role in the power sector. Bharataratna Sir M. Visvesvaraya the genius who produced electricity by harnessing the hydel potential, the engineer statesman who fashioned the blue print for industrialization. The greatest Visionary and one of the makers of modern India is ofcourse the inspiration in the pursuit of excellence. Mainly Power can be generated through water, that is called Hydroelectrically, But due to the lack of water resources, Human Being innovate the new ideas to generate the power, like using sunlight power can be generated, that is called Solar Energy, using the Air power can be generated that is called Wind Energy. Using Cow dung power can be generated that is called Gobar Power Energy etc. The project boundary covers the physical activities of the project, the system boundary covers the terminal point of the electric generation, transportation to KPTCL/GESCOM grid for the purpose of calculation of baseline emission; south region also include in the project boundary. Using wastage from Environmental like Rice Husk, Bagasse, Scrap of Ply Wood, Cotton stalk etc. can generate the Power that is called Bio-Mass Power.

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VISION, MISSION AND OBJECTIVES

VISSION
To produce environmentally clean and sustainable Renewable Energy by developing Captive Energy Plantations and undertake the distribution of power to the local community.

MISSION
y y y y y We are a family believing integrity teamwork. Family that is committed to growth and prosperity. Leadership is a promoting tool. People and processes in place to satisfy customers and stockholders through the continuous improvement. Integration of people and process and to bring about the rates of internal changes faster than that of external changes.

OBJECTIVES
y y y y Customer orientation. Vendor development. Development of the Human Resources. Process and product excellence.

HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY BORN

Electrical history goes back before Christ and brings us to the computer age. Along this journey you will discover it took several people, along the way, to make the light bulb glow. The journey won't end with this concept, as we are constantly discovering new inventions that will someday even take us to the stars.

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James Watt (1736-1819) was born in Scotland , Although he conducted no electrical

experiments, he must not be overlooked. He was an instruments maker by trade and set up a repair shop in Glasgow in1757.Watt thought that the steam engine would replace animal power, where the number of horses replaced seemed an obvious way to measure the charge for performance. Interestingly, Watt measured the rate of work exerted by a horse drawing rubbish up an old mine shaft and found it amounted to about 22,000 ft-lbs per minute .He added a margin of 50% arriving at 33,000 ft-lbs.

William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) was best known in his invention of a
new temperature scale based on the concept of an absolute zero of temperature at -273C (460F). To the end of his life, Thomson maintained fierce opposition to the idea that energy emitted by radioactivity came from within the atom. One of the greatest scientific discoveries of the 19th century, Thomson died opposing one of the most vital innovations in the history of science.

Thomas Seebeck (1770-1831) a German physicist was the discoverer of the "Seebeck
effect". He twisted two wires made of different metals and heated a junction where the two wires met. He produced a small current. The current is the result of a flow of heat from the hot to the cold junction. This is called thermoelectricity. Thermo is a Greek word meaning heat.

Michael Faraday (1791-1867) an Englishman, made one of the most significant

discoveries in the history of electricity, Electromagnetic induction .His pioneering work dealt with how electric current works .Many invention would come from his experiments, but they would come fifty to one hundred years later. Failures never discouraged faraday .He would say the failures are just as important as the success . He felt failures also teach. The farad, the unit of capacitance is named in the honor of Michal Faraday.

James Maxwell (1831-1879) a Scottish mathematician translated Faradays theories

into mathematician expression .Maxwell was one of the finest mathematicians in history. A Maxwell is the electromagnetic unit of magnetic flux , named is in honor .Today he is widely regarded as secondary only to Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein In the world of science.

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Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) was one of the most well known investors of all
time with 1093 patents, self-educated, Edision was intrested in chemistry and electronics.During the whole of his life,Edision received only three months from schooling, and was dismissed from school as being retarded, though in fact a childhood attack of scarlet fever had left him partially deaft.

Nikola Tesla was born of serbian parents july 10,1856 and diued a broke and lonely
main in new york city january 7, 1943.He envisioned a world without poles and power lines.Referred to as the greatest inventive geniune of all time.Teslas system triumphed to make possible the first large scale harnessing of Niagara Falls with the first hydroelectrical plant in the united states in 1986. October 1893 George Westinghouse (1846-1914) was awarded the contract to build the first generators at Niagara Falls. He used his money to buy up patents in the electric field. One of the inventions he bought was the transformer from William Stanley. Westinghouse invented the air brake system to stop trains, the first of more than one hundred patents he would receive in this area alone. He soon founded the Westinghouse Air Brake Company in 1869.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) born in Scotland ,was raised in a family that was
interested and involved in the science of sound .Bells father and grandfather both thought speech to the deaf .A unit of sound levels is called a bell in his honor. Sound levels are measured in tenths of a bell, or decibels .The abbreviation for decibel is DB.

Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) a German physicist , laid the ground work for the vacuum
tube .He laid the function for the future development of radio, telegraph ,and even television .He was one of the first people to demonstrate the existence of electric waves. Hertz was convinced that there were electromagnetic waves in space.

Otto Hahn (1879-1968)a german Chemist and physicist,made the vital discovery which led
to the first nuclear reactor.He uncoverd the process of nuclear fission by which nuclei of atom of heavy elements can break into smaller, in the process releasing large quantites of energy.Hahn was awarded the Noble Prize for chemistry in 1944. Page 8

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) Einstein's formula proved that one gram of mass can be
converted into a torrential amount of energy. To do this, the activity of the atoms has to occur in the nucleus. E = energy, M = mass, and C = the speed of light which is 186,000 miles per second. When you square 186,000 you can see it would only take a small amount of mass to produce a huge amount of energy.

THE 70S: GREEN POWER IS BORN

In response to the crisis, Congress in 1978 enacted the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), in an effort to diversify and strengthen domestic energy production. California, in turn, instituted policies to aggressively implement PURPA and stimulate development of renewable energy sources. In an environment of high inflation and scarce energy, experts in the

late 1970s projected that the price of crude oil would reach $100 a barrel by the mid 1980s.Out of this background emerged a brand new industry-biomass power. The first small plants began producing electricity in 1982, and the wood-fired cogeneration infrastructure Rapidly expanded throughout the forested regions of California. Instead of burning nonrenewable fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, biomass power plants combust wood waste to generate electricity. In the early days, most biomass plants utilized sawmill residues exclusively. But as more plants were constructed and the number of operating sawmills declined, biomass facilities evolved to provide numerous other solid waste disposal options to society. Forest thinning, orchard removals, and urban wood waste also are now being converted to electricity. In Karnataka More Than 63 Bio-mass Power generating plants are there and almost every plants are adopting the same system.

GLOBAL SCENARIO OF BIOMASS ELECTRICITY

The largest secondary transformation of biomass after charcoal production is in the electricity sector. For many years biomass processing industries such as sugar, wood products and chemical pulping (black liquor) have installed combined heat and power (CHP, also known in the USA as cogeneration) plants. Many of these have been relatively low-steam-temperature installations, with only sufficient electricity to meet the plant processing needs. Since the 1970s there has been a large expansion of biomass-based electricity generation, with an increased Page 9

emphasis on generating efficiency, resulting in electricity exports into liberalised or deregulated markets. In addition, there has been an expansion of district heating schemes with CHP in Scandinavia, based on straw in Denmark and wood residues in Sweden and Finland. In countries with extensive coal-fired electricity generation there have been incentives under climate schemes to co-fire biomass in order to achieve carbon offsets of up to 15%. Germany and other countries have also stimulated the generation of electricity from urban residue streams in energy from waste (EFW) facilities, from land fill methane, and from anaerobic digestors associated with the animal husbandry sector. India, China and Brazil have also invested in rural electricity generation from producer gas and vegetable oils. In 2005 estimated total electricity generation was about 180 TWh from an installed capacity in excess of 40 GW. At an average 20% efficiency this corresponds to 3 EJ of primary energy input. The overall rate of growth has been greater than 5% in the last decade as shown in . The recent negative trend for MSW is a consequence of increased material recycling, together with reductions in the amount of biomass-derived materials entering the waste stream. The eight leading countries with biomass-based electricity production are all members of the OECD, except for Brazil. Brazil is also unique in that at present almost all of its input is solid biomass, much of it bagasse from the expanding sugar cane-based alcohol fuel industry. The OECD countries generally have contributions of up to 10% of the total from both MSW (EFW) and biogas, with a large contribution from landfill sites containing biodegradable urban residues. The rising contribution of liquid fuels reflects the increasing use of vegetable oils in combustion turbines and diesel generation. Biopower trends. A key issue for the biopower sector is efficiency. The move towards co-firing with coal has the advantage that the efficiency when firing the blended fuel is that of the original coal boiler with little or no loss relative to the coal component. CHP installations are efficient in generally satisfying the primary thermal requirement, with the electricity output following

the thermal load. Typically, CHP electrical efficiency is higher, with improved steam conditions of temperature and pressure, a trend which could result in the bagasse sector becoming much more efficient.

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A typical sugar mill has an electricity demand of about 20-30 kWh/tc. One tonne of cane (tc) typically provides 150 kg of sugar and 90 kg of bagasse (dry basis). The thermal requirements for refining sugar are easily met from the generated bagasse, such that CHP is the preferred option. Low-efficiency mills generate 21 bar steam and produce about 60-70 kWh/tc for export, while more recent investments have been in 88 bar steam with the capability of exporting 130 kWh/tc. The World Alliance for Decentralized Energy (WADE) has estimated that the 11 leading countries had 3.9 GW of installed bagasse-based generating capacity with Brazil contributing 1.7 GW (Bell, 2005) due to PROFINA, a programme guaranteeing power sales to the grid. Mauritius (Deepchand, 2001), with 40% of all electricity generated from bagasse, has demonstrated (through a programme taking over 20 years) the restructuring needed in the sugar industry to access sufficient bagasse and capital for this renewable resource to make a major, high-efficiency contribution. The capacity consists of seasonal generation in bagasse-only plants and also two larger more efficient plants that are fired with coal in the off-season. The overall potential of sugarcane bagasse in power generation is clearly dependent on both technical and sociocommercial factors. However, using high-pressure steam technologies with the resources , the technical potential is more than 130 TWh annually.

FUTURE ORIENTATION
We shall retain Market Leadership in India and shall be Globally Competitive through customer orientation and excellence in Quality, Innovation and Technology.

STRATEGIES
y y y
y

Shifted from welfare to development to their Employees. Believe in total business Management. Fallow the 4P model Public, private, and people, Partnership. Attempt to ensure long term sustainability. Augmented water resource through wasted development and Natural. Resource management

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CHAPTER-3
A COMPANY PROFILE; THEORETICAL FRAME WORK

INTRODUCTION
Incorporated the company on the 14-06-2000 for setting up of Power project with an installed capacity of 6.0 MW (Mega Watt) subsequently the company also obtained to launch the project with the active permission license of the IREDAL (Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd). The company has accordingly with the active support of the state government and central Government to issue a license to setup. The power plant cost worth Rs 24, 00, 00,000 crores. KOPPAL GREEN POWER LIMITED is located in a village called Karatagi, which is 8km from Gangavathi, koppal (dist). The factory is situated on the irrigation land which is sufficiently plain leveled and to good height of that area. Its a 6000 mw (per day) power plant, 720mw (internal use purpose) 5,280 mw they are selling to KPTCL. Water requirement for the Industry is drawn from bore wells. Pump house and a pipe facility to pump the water.

VISION ,MISSION AND OBJECTIVES OF KGPL

VISION

Achieve a productivity .of around 90% capacity utilization per year.

MISSION
Establish leadership in the Bio-Mass power and contribute to the national wealth and ultimately to become one of the integrated steel plant in INDIA. y y Importing training and enhancing development of all employees in the organization. Adopting environment friendly. Technologies and to nurture a clean and healthy surroundings. Page 12

Providing greater value to the customer, the employees, and the investors & to the communities where it operates.

OBJECTIVES
y y y y y y To develop healthy interpersonal relation and positive and discipline in the Organization To generate power at minimum possible cost. To supply quality power at the cheapest possible tariff. Achieve lower possible energy consumption rate. Adopt Eco-friendly technologies and environmental health. To provide sufficient wages to the employees.

INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES OF KGPL

y Plant location
The Koppal Green power Limited. Has plant location in better condition that have the following facilities.

y Availability of Raw Material

Rice Husk is sufficiently available to this Project because more than 11 Rice mills running in near of this project. Bio gas also be sufficiently available to this project.

y Source of Power
The Koppal Green Power Limited, have a plant with 6.0 MW Bio-Mass power exportable capacity which is used in production process daily.

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Water Supply
For purpose of cooling and waste disposal has water supply from the bore wells at the project site.

Transport and Communication facility

The transport facility enables existence of storage handling and service facilities. Gangavathi city is distance of about 8 Kms from the project site. The project site well connected by Hyderabad, Hubli NH road.

Consumer of KGPL
KGPL, having single channel of distribution. KPTCL is Consumer of this organization. KGPL, directly sell their product to KPTCL.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SL. NO 01 02 03 04 05 NAME POSITION

S. Ravindra Babu ChandraMohan M S. Anji Raju S. Subba Rao K. Rajendra Babu

Source:collected by koppal green profile .

Chairman Managing Director Director Director Director

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

SL. NO 01 02 03 04 05 NAME POSITION

S. Ravindra Babu ChandraMohan M S. Anji Raju S. Subba Rao K. Rajendra Babu

Source:collected by koppal green power pofile .

Chairman Managing Director Director Director Director

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ADDRESS OF THE COMPANY

Administrative Office: Plant Location Koppal Green Power Ltd. State highway No. 23 Ganagavathi Road, Karatagi. Registered Office: H.No. 1-88/1/101, Shanti Vanam, Kavuri Extension, Hyderabad-500033

Sorce:collected by koppal green power limited profile.

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PRODUCT PROFILE
INTRODUCTION
y Electric Power
"Electric power" means "flow rate of electrical energy." If electrical energy was like water, then electric power would be the gallons-per-second. Energy is measured in Joules, and when energy flows, the flow is measured in Joules per second.

y Watt
The word "Watt" is just another way of saying "Joule per Second." Energy comes in Joules, while power comes in Joules per second. The important part: while energy is very much like stuff, power is not. Power is a FLOW RATE of energy, or a RATE OF USE of energy. We can store electrical energy, but electric power is not something that is ever stored. (Think in this way: we can store gallons of water, but it's impossible to store any "gallons per second" of water.) POWER Formula = 6CO2 + 6H2O +Sunlight + chlorophyll chlorophyll Power is a might, Strength, Command, Force, and Strong Effect etc Power is a station that Generates Electricity. C6H12O6 + 6O2 +

POWER IS PRODUCED ON THE BASES OF

y y y y y Hydroelectrically Power. Wind Power. Solar Power. Gobar Power & Bio-Mass Power.

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Koppal Green Power Ltd. Produced Power On The Basis Of Bio-Mass Power. KGPL having license to Producing 6 mega watts power.

y Bio-Mass Power
Biomass is the organic matter derived from plants as a result of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which solar energy is converted into chemical energy by the plants with the help of the pigment called chlorophyll. Biomass materials and biomass based industry residues are very important renewable energy sources. The importance of these materials as alternate fuels has been well recognized for use in power generation. While the characteristics of biomass vary from different geographical regions, the values for typical biomass materials are indicated for general guidance.

Bio-Mass From Agriculture Raw Materials Contains

Biomass Bulk Kgs/M3 Bagasse 74 4.00 Density Ash Content% Calorific Kcal/Kg. 4200 Value

Rice husk

235

22.20

3200

Wood (hard)

330

1.50

4400

Cotton stalk

3.01

4200

Ground shell Sugar leaves

nut 165

3.10

4500

cane 167

7.71

4200

Sunflower stalk

93

4.30

4300

Source : collected by koppal green power Annual report

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The above table shows that Bio-Mass from Agricultural Raw materials contains contents. According to the above table data the raw material Bagasse contains the 74 Kgs/M3 of Bulk density, 4% of ash content and 4200 Kcal/Kg of calorific value.In Rice Husk which contains 235 Kgs/M3, 22.20 % of ash content, and 3200 calfornic value. In wood (hard) contains 330 Kgs/M3 of bulk density, 1.50% of ash content and 4400 Kcal/Kg of Calfornic value.In cotton stalk there is no bulk density, 3.01% of ash content and 4200 Kcal/Kg of calfornic value. In Ground nut shell which contains 165 Kgs/m3, 3.10 % of ash content and 4500 Kcal/Kg. In Sugar cane leaves 167 Kgs/M3, 7.71% of ash content and 4200 Kcal/Kg. In Sun flower stalk contains 93 Kgs/M3 , 4.30% of ash content, and 4300 Kcal/ Kg .In KOPPAL GREEN POWER PLANT due to easy availability of Risk from surrounding agricultural area use the Rice husk as a major raw material.

BIO-MASS RAW MATERIALS FROM OTHER SOURCES

Plywood, Particle, and Strand Product Mills
Plywood, particle board, strand board, and laminated beams are manufactured in the engineered wood product industry. Plywood is made by sandwiching veneered wood sheets together with glue and forming the resulting panel to dimension specifications under heat and pressure. Strand board and particle board are made by forming strands of wood fiber or particles with adhesives under heat and pressure. Drying operations are by far the most energy-intensive aspect of panel manufacturing. In some processes, wood or wood fibers must be dried to an acceptable level in order for the adhesive to bond to them properly. In other processes, such as conveyor drying of strand board panels, heat is applied for the purpose of both forming and driving moisture out of the panel.

Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills

As a rule, paper mills use the high-pressure steam produced by their boilers to power turbine generators, which produce most of the electricity they use. The lower-pressure, lowertemperature steam left over from this operation is then used in mill processes such as cooking Page 18

and drying. To the extent that more efficient boilers, heat exchangers, and more modern control equipment are used when processes are updated or modified, energy can be saved.

Biomass energy brings in numerous benefits

y y y y y Reduction in usage of conventional fuels. Reduction in environment pollution. Improving the Nations Economy, Meets the basic needs of the rural poor Land use competition and land tenure in majority of the geographical locations

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CHAPTER-4 McKINSEYS 7S MODEL

INDRODUCTION
According to this model there are seven basic dimensions which represent the core of managerial activities. These are the levers, which the executive use. The originators of the model have coned the managerial variables with words beginning with the letters so as to increase the communication power of the model. The 7-s diagram illustrates the multiplicity interconnectedness of elements that define an organizations ability to change. The theory helped to change managers thinking about how companies could be improved. It says that it is not just a matter if devising a new strategy and following neither it through nor it is a matter of setting up new systems and letting them generate improvements. To be effectives, their organization must have a high degree of fit, internal alignment amongst all the sevens. All Ss are interring related and a change in one has a ripple effect on all the others. Its impossible to make progress on one without making progress on all. Thus, to improve their organization, you have to pay attention to all of the seven elements at the same time. There is no starting point or implied hierarchy. Different factors may drive the business in any one organization.

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 McKensys 7s
The 7-s Model is better known as McKensys 7-s Model. This is because of two persons who developed this model, tom peters and Robert Waterman, have been consultants at McKensys & Coat the time. The model starts on the premise that an organization is not just structure, but consists of seven elements. The 7-S Model is a tool for Managerial analysis and action that provides a structure with which to consider a company as a whole so that the organizations problems may be diagnosed and a strategy may be developed and implemented. The 7-S is a frame work for analyzing organizations and their effectiveness. organizations and their effectiveness: It looks at seven key elements that make the

STRUCTURE

STRATEGY

SYSTEMS

SHARED VALUES

SKILLS

STYLE

STAFF

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STRUCTURE
Organizational structure evolves to increase the effectiveness of the organizations control of activities necessary to achieve these goals. Organization structure is the formal system of task and authority relationships that control how people coordinate their actions and use resources to achieve organizations goals. The principal purpose is to control the means to used to motivate people to achieve these goals. Organization structure defines how job tasks are formally divided, grouped and coordinated. There are six key elements which decide organization structure. These are; work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization and formalization. For any organization, an appropriate structure facilitates effective responses to problems of coordination and motivation that can arise for any number of environmental, technological or human recourses. As organizations grow and differentiate, the structure likewise evolves and it is changed through the process of organization design.

Organization Structure
Organizational structure evolves to increase the effectiveness of the organizations control of activities necessary to achieve these goals. Organization structure is the formal system of task and authority relationships that control how people coordinate their actions and use resources to achieve organizations goals. The principal purpose is to control the means to used to motivate people to achieve these goals. Organization structure defines how job tasks are formally divided, grouped and coordinated. There are six key elements which decide organization structure. These are; work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization and formalization. For any organization, an appropriate structure facilitates effective responses to problems of coordination and motivation that can arise for any number of environmental, technological or human recourses. As organizations grow and differentiate, the structure likewise evolves and it is changed through the process of organization design.

Page 22

Organization Design
Organization design is the process by which managers select and manage elements of structure so that an organization can control the activities necessary to achieve its goals. Organization structure is the means the organization uses to achieve its goals. It is all about how and why various means are chosen. So organization designs and structures are the backbones for any organization. The title of the study is organization structure. Here we are studying the structure of organization, its various departments, flow of authority etc. As organization structures will impact employee behavior considerably, the study of the structure of an organization is an important aspect for a management student. The study will help to understand formation and distribution of various departments, management policies, promotional activities, work force structure, pay packages etc. In total it helps to study and understand organization behavior. An organizational structure consists of activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision, which are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims.It can also be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment.Organizations are a variant of clustered entities An organization can be structured in many different ways, depending on their objectives. The structure of an organization will determine the modes in which it operates and performs. Organizational structure allows the expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions and processes to different entities such as the branch, department, workgroup and individual. Organizational structure affects organizational action in two big ways. First, it provides the foundation on which standard operating procedures and routines rest. Second, it determines which individuals get to participate in which decision-making processes, and thus to what extent their views shape the organizations actions.

Page 23

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Source: Collected By Koppal green power annual report

Page 24

Koppal Green Power Limited, involves various departments and all departments are under the administrators and General Manager are having the centralization authority in the organization, in the above diagram organizational structure of KGP Ltd is to be plotted in a structured manner. Therefore, board of directors are at the top level in hierarchy of authority and responsibility, next to the directors departmental in charge of, finance and purchase, production, and human resource, and quality and machine. Next to this level assistant of the departments are working, below the assistants there are some supervisors and inspectors and dispatch workers are operating for the smooth running of the production process.

DYNAMIC PEOPLE OF KOPPAL GREEN POWER PVT LTD.

Mr.M.Chandra Mohan Mr .M.subbaiah Mr.M.B.Sridhar Shetty Chairman Managing Director Nominee Director

BANKERS
State Bank of India Andhra Bank IDBI Bank Ltd. HDFC Bank Ltd

 Following are the main departments in an organization:

y y y y
y

Personnel & Administrative Department. Purchase Department. Production Department. Finance. Department. Operations Department.

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PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

Definition: - Personnel management is the planning, organizing, directing and
controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the end that organization and society objectives are accomplished.

Managing Director

General Manager

Personnel & Administration Department

Manager

Senior Assistants

Head Time Keeper

Security Officer

Assistants

Shift Time Keeper

Assistant Security Officer

At tenders

At tenders

Security Guards

Sources- Collected by Koppal Green Power Limited Annual Report.

Page 26

Koppal Green Power Limited, involves various departments and all departments are under the administrators and General Manager are having the centralization authority in the organization, This department is entitled with the work of of personnel and administrative department .this manly have manging director , general manager and of personnel and

administrative department manager .Next to this level senior assistant of the departments are working, below the assistants there are some attender are operating for the smooth running of the Organizaton.this department main function is planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the end that organization and society objectives are accomplished.

SCOPE OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT AT KOPPAL GREEN POWER LIMITED

y y y y y y y y Human Resource Planning (HRP). Design of Organization Job. Selection and staffing. Training and development. Organization development. Compensation and benefits. Union / labor relations. Personnel research and information system.

OBJECTIVES OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT IN KOPPAL GREEN POWER LIMITED.

 Industrial peace.  Achieve high Productivity.  Improve Quality of working life (QWL) of employees.  Obtain and Sustain competitive advantage through empowerment.

Page 27

The Department of Personnel and Administration (DPA) provides centralized human resources, information, tools, resources and materials The Department provides the infrastructure by which the rest of state government operates. Due to the nature of the Department's business, service to customers is the Department's driving force. The Department's customer base is threefold; DPA serves state agencies, state employees, and the public. The Department believes success depends upon offering quality and value to customers and stakeholders by providing economically efficient and sound services, while adhering to the highest standards of integrity. The Department's goal is to develop an environment in which employees can be productive, creative and function at their highest level.

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PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
The basic function of their department is procuring materials from various sources when they are needed.

Purchase department chart

Chief Manager of Materials

Asst. Manager (Materials)

Officer (Purchase)

Asst. Store Keepers

Asst. Store Keepers

Clerk Clerk
Sources- Collected by Koppal Green Power Limited Annual Report.

Purchase department is mainly concentration to waiting and ideal less time. The stores are basically stock of goods commodities and economic resource that are stored and reserved for future production or for meeting further demand. This department is entitled with the work of purchasing machinery tools, required for the plant and stationary material required for office work. It also order for machinery required for the plant and electric appliances for electric dept purpose and other miscellaneous required for the purpose of storing. Definition: The term purchasing refers merely to the act of buying an item by price. This is also one of the important departments in this department they purchase the materials, which requires for production and also for the office work. Its main function is purchasing the materials. It receives the requisition letter from the store department to know what type of materials is required. After receiving this letter they make enquiry and then place the order.

Page 29

REQUIREMENT OF BIO-MASS FUEL FOR BOILER

The design of boiler selected will be suitable for firing various agro-fuels, depending on the seasonal availability. For the purpose of this report, paddy straw, cotton stalks, Juliflora, rice husk is considered as the primary fuel supplemented by coal fines (80% paddy straw, cotton stalks, Juliflora, rice husk + 20% coal fines). Another possible combination considered is 50% Juliflora, 10% rice husk, 10% coal fines and 30% agro such as bagasse, coconut shell, groundnut shell, paddy engineering to arrive at an optimum boiler design.

Purchasing of Raw materials:

y y y y y Rice Husk Bagasse Ply woods Cotton Stalk Woods

Rice Husk
Rice Husk is main raw material in Production Process. Rice Husk is sufficiently available to this plant. Because in this location more than 20 rice milling industries is there.

Bagasse
Bagasse is a by product of Sugar industries. Bagasse also major requirement materials to Power Production Process. KGPL is importing Bagasse from sugar industries.

Plywood
KGPL using Scrap of plywood in Production. Ply woods importing From Dandeli 300 kms away from this Plant.

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FUNCTIONS:
y y y y y y y y To receive purchase requisitions from the stores or production department. To invite the quotation from various suppliers. To make arrangements for the purchase of appropriate quantities at a given time. To ensure the purchase of correct quality under trade or brand name by sample and description. To negotiate the delivery dates and other terms, conditions etc. To follow-up the orders placed. To arrange for storage of materials. To verify the purchase invoice before sending it to the accounts department for payment.

The forms used in the purchase departments are as below. y y y Purchase order Supplier invoice Goods received records

Most major companies and even some government organizations have a purchasing or procurement department as part of everyday operations. These departments provide a service that is the backbone of many manufacturing, retail, military and other industrial organizations. Many individuals, even some who work for these companies, are unaware of what the purchasing department does, why it exists or what purposes it serves. To understand better what the role of the purchasing department is, consider some functions it performs.

y y y y

Procuring Materials. Evaluating Price. Paperwork and Accounting. Policy Compliance.

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PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT:
Among all the functional areas of management, production is considered to be crucial in any industrial organization. Production is the process by which raw materials and other inputs are converted into finished products. The word synonymously used with production is

manufacturing. Production is a very important activity in any manufacturing organization in the same manner, the production activity in Koppal Green Power Limited play a vital role in this organization. Production is the process of converting the inputs which are called as finished products or semi finished products value addition is the main concept behind the process of production. In Koppal Green Power Limited, input consists of Rice Husk. Bagasse, Cotton Stalk, Scrap of Plywood and All types of Wooden Products. They are processed through various processes to get final product

PRODUCTION PROCESS:
The process of manufacturing is the primary function of this organization. It begins with the arrival of raw material and ends when the final product is finished goods that are ready for sale in the market. In, which is a manufacturing industry it depends mainly upon its production process.

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PRODUCTION PROCESS:

RAW MATERIALS

CHIPPING

BUNKER

BOILER

BUCKET ELVETOR

COOLING TOWER

TURBINE

POWER GENARATION
Source :Collected By Koppal Green Power Limited Annual Report

Page 33

By the above diagram it is clears that the company has a number of steps to produce qualitative products. Raw material of Rice Husk,Plywood,Hard Wood,Baggase and cotton stalk, are send to next process of chipping , Chipping Machine process is to make the hard wood ply wood into small pieces .Then transfer to bunker, this bunker having three pipeline connections directly goes to boiler machine. Boiler function is to burn the materials in 450 + 50c stream temperature. After burning the raw material directly mixed with boiling water .Air pre-heater is boiling water ,then boiling water directly goes to bunk elevator its main function is to catching smooth ash and converting hard ash to smooth by this carbon dioxide is produced .By using Electro static prosecutor to reduce the carbon-die-oxide .Heat water and stream wastage of water does to cooling tower, cooling convert boiler water and steam water into normal water .then steam directly goes to turbine machine here 65kg/cm2 stream pressure is given . Turbine produces the power by turning blades with steam to create electricity. After producing power to transfer to generator by using PCC breakers. Finally 6MW power will be produced.

FUNCTIONS OF PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

y y y y y y y y Capacity Planning Production Planning Production Control Method Analysis Inventory Control Material Handling Work Measurement Maintenance and Replacement

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PRODUCTION PROCESS
INPUT
Input is First process of Production. Raw Material like Rice Husk, Plywood, Hard Wood, Baggass and Cotton Stalk,

CHIPPING
The Next Process is Chipping, Chipping Machine process is to make the Hard Wood and Ply woods into small Pieces. Then Transfer to Bunker. By using Belt Conveyor.

BUNKER
After Transferring Raw materials is directly stored in Bunker. This Bunker Having three Pipeline Connection. Three Pipeline connections are classified as: Smooth Pipeline, Semi Smooth Pipeline and Hardest Pipeline.

Page 35

BC 01

BC 03

BC 02

Woody Bio-Mask

To Boiler To Drum Feeders

Source : Collected by Koppal Green power limited

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BOILER
Smooth Pipeline and Semi smooth Pipelines directly goes to Boiler Machine. Boiler function is to Burn the Materials in 490 +50 c Stream temperature.

BOILER DATA
Type of Boiler Make / Model Fuel Feeding System Stream Flow Stream Pressure Stream Temp Bi-Drum Therenax / Power Max BD 270/03 over Grate 27 TPH 67 kg/ cm2 (g) 490 + 50 c

BUCKET ELEVATOR
After Burning the Raw Materials Directly mixed With Boiling water. Air Pre-Heater is Boiling water Bucket Elevator Main function is to Catching Smooth Ash and Converting Hard Ash to Smooth Ash by This Time Carbon-die-Oxide Produced.

COOLING TOWER
1] 2] 3] 4] One 245 M3 /hr capacity cooling tower for Distillation section One 150 M3 /hr capacity cooling tower for distillation section One 500 M3 /hr capacity cooling tower for distillation section One 270 M3 /hr capacity cooling tower for fermentation section

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By using the Electro Static Prosecutor to reducing the Carbon-Die-Oxide. Heat water and Stream Wastage of water does to Cooling Tower. Cooling Tower Main Function is to Converting Boiler water and Steam Water into normal water.

TURBINE
Turbine is a next and major process in Production. Here 65 kg/cm2 stream pressure is given. Turbine is a machine that produces Power by turning Blades with Steam to create Electricity.

GENERATER
After producing the power to transfer to generator by using PCC Breakers Finally 6 MW Power will be Produced. Generator to Transforms Power Stored. As per Requirements the Power is generated to KPTCL

The main role of production is to turn inputs (raw materials) into outputs (finished goods). Outputs refer to a finished product and inputs are the materials that are needed to manufacture certain goods. When a business completes this process they are able to achieve customer satisfaction by producing products that are ready to be used and fit for purpose. The production department is responsible for ensuring quality is achieved in each item produced. They will need to carry out inspections and implement suitable quality initiatives. This is one of the major duties of this department because if mistakes are made on products, customer satisfaction will be decreased or if products are ruined during the production process it means that the company will have to throw "bad" products away (creating waste). Both aspects will lead the company to a loss of profit. Quality assurance will have to be carried out every day on a number of occasions to ensure that the production process is working efficiently and effectively.

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FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Finance is regarded as the lifeblood of a business enterprises, this is because in the modern economy finance is one of the basic needs of all kinds of economic activities. It is the master key. This provided access to all source to be employed in the manufacturing and mechanizing activities. The finance department should decide when, where and how to achieve funds to meet the firms investment needs. The control issue before the finance department is to determine the proportion of equity and debt. The mix of equity and debt is known as the capital structure.

Finance Department Hierarchy:

Deputy GM (Finance & Accounts)

Officer Cashier

Account Asst.

Clerks

Sources- Collected by Koppal Green Power Limited Annual Report.

This Department Manager is maintaining and taking care of all records of business transactions with their assistants. It is the only department paying the money to raw materials and receiving the money from finished goods sold. This department announcing the annual report it may profit or loss.

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FINANCE DEPARTMENT HAS BEEN DIVIDED INTO TWO SECTIONS IN KOPPAL GREEN POWER LTD.

y ACCOUNTS SECTION
All the general accounting, employee payroll billing and matters related to taxation etc. Are dealt by the accounts section. The department activities are coordinated by assistant manager (ACCOUNTS).

COST SECTION
Accounting relating to preparation of monthly cost data and bill provisioning are done by the cost section.

FUNCTIONS
y It prepares and maintains journal books, cash and bankbooks, ledger accounts and trial balance. The corporate office prepares profit and loss account and balance sheet.

The deportment analyses the financial position of the organization by maintaining the required records by preparing and analyzing the financial statement of the company.

Company has installed Tally system of accounting. Accounts section works under the finance section and submit of monthly, quarterly and annual for internal audit to a separate audit firm Koppal Green Power Ltd. Accounts are maintained by accounts staff, Accountant assistants and preparation of trial balance, reconciliation confirmation of balance from sundry auditors and sundry debtors is, his responsibilities. Sales tax and income tax are also dealt by sales account. Obtaining working capital facilities enhancement / renewals / credit rating criteria is also the responsibility of the finance section. Promptly and Timely repayment of term loans, interest etc. is one of the functions of finance section maintaining all statutory records relating to company law matters are also taken care by the finance section. Conducting the board meeting, annual general meetings in consultation with the company secretary so appointed for this purpose. Besides this entire Page 40

finance section is also responsible for maintaining share holding records, registers of company (ROC) records, fixed assets registers etc.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF 31ST MARCH 2011

Particulars Total Income Profit before depreciation, interest & Tax Interest Depreciation Profit After tax

Rs. In lakhs. 1,88,53,234 7,26,576 56,09,463, 26,86,043 4,14,315

Sources- Collected by Koppal Green Power Limited Annual Report.

The table shows that Financial information of 31st MARCH 2011, the above data had taken completion of financial year of march 2011.In that year Total Income of the plant is Rs 1,88,53,234 lakhs, and profit before depreciation, interest and tax is Rs 7,26,576 lakhs, Intrest paind in that particular year is Rs 56,09,463. Depreciation paid was Rs 26,86,043. And profit of the plant after paid the Tax was Rs 4,14, 315 lakhs. Finance department deals with various functional activities of the organization. The book of record of Finance division is maintained by fully own built software system. A company should maintain books of accounts. There is an own built computerized system including the accounts of sale, purchase, cash/bank, stock, tax, fixed assets, etc. Financial management of today has a top position in the management for shaping the future of the organization. he as show dynamism Page 41

in solving complex management problem and his duty is to insure that the funds are raised economically and used in the most efficient and effective manner . The department has to disclose the information by closing the books quarterly and yearly.

Finance department deals with various functional activities of the organization. . A company should maintain books of accounts. There is an own built computerized system including the accounts of sale, purchase, cash/bank, stock, tax, fixed assets, etc. Financial management of today has a top position in the management for shaping the future of the organization. he as show dynamism in solving complex management problem and his duty is to insure that the funds are raised economically and used in the most efficient and effective manner .The department has to disclose the information by closing the books quarterly and yearly. Finance department announce the profit and loss of the organization.

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HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

Human resource is very important for the success of any organization. Human resource management is the wealth of an organization, which can help in achieving its goals. Human resource management is concerned with the human being in an organization. It reflects a new out look, which views organization manpower as its resource and assets.

Human Resource Department Chart:

General Manager

DGM HRD

Senior Manager (HRD)

3 Senior Administrative Assistants

Source:collected by by Koppal green power limited Annual Report

The department is functioning through the above shown flow chart of the department as head of General Manager they will assign the function to deputy general manager of the department ,then they assigns to senior manager to three senior administrative Assistants.

Human resource is considered to be the most expensive valuable among resources. It is a Herculean task to maintain the human resources in an organization. In Koppal Green Power Ltd. Public relations officer is in charge of this department. The employees of the organization can be divided in to technical and non-technical staff. Technical staff includes the factory employees, supervisors. Technicians, Technical officers etc and the non technical staff mainly include the office staff. Page 43

Functions of Personnel Department in Koppal Green Power Limited.

y y y y y y y y

Recruitment Selection Process Placement Induction and Orientation Performance Appraisal Transfers and Promotions Time office administration Welfare Activities and Benefits

Recruitment
Definition: - It a process of searching for and obtaining applicants for jobs, from among whom the right person can be selected.

Recruitment Procedure
Koppal Green Power Limited has a committee which consists a project adviser called Suresh, he decides whether to recruit or not. If recruitment is necessary then he give adequate publicity in different media like advertisement in news paper etc. The committee checks candidates records; if eligible the candidates are allowed to selection procedure conducted by the committee.

Selection
Definition: - Selection is the process of differentiating between in order to identify
(and hire) those with a greater likelihood of success in a job.

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Selection procedure
In Koppal Green Power Limited. Selection is conducted through interviews, tests, previous work experience, previous jobs, qualification, Achievements, salary expectation, requirements, and abilities. They also selected the fresh candidates for required jobs.

Placement
Definition: -Placement is the determination of the job in which an expected candidate
has to assign and is assignment to that job.

Placement Procedure
In Koppal Green Power Limited. After selection process over an employee will normally put a probation period. The organization decides his final placement after the present training is over. On the basis of candidate aptitude and performance during the probation period. Its duration is 6 months to 1 year. In this, duration, if the company identifies his performance is not satisfied then the organizations extend the probation or ask the candidate to quit the job.

Induction and Orientation

Definition: - it is design to provide a new employee with an information he/she needs
to function comfortably and effectively in the organization. This is known as induction and orientation.

Induction and Orientation procedure

In Koppal Green Power Limited. when new employee is placed the other co-workers help them to do his work comfortably by giving general information about the daily work routine company policies and various services conditions and their job responsibilities, further all functional department regard to their activities will brief them.

Performance Appraisal
Definition: - it is the systematic evolution of individual with respect to his or her performance on the job and his/her potential for development. Page 45

Performance Appraisal Procedure

In Koppal Green Power Limited. Performance Appraisal Procedure is identified for two purposes like y Performance: - job knowledge, quality of work, initiative and drive

dependability, self management adaptability y Managerial Skill: - Planning, Organizing, interpersonal relations and leadership,

controlling, decision making communication

Promotion
Definition: - A promotion is the transfer of an employee to a job which pays more money or one that carries some preferred status.

Promotion Basis
y y y y y Merit base Seniority wise Seniority cum achievement Employee Experience Qualification

Before promoting the employees the confidential reports given by project adviser then it is verified by Board of Directors and Managing Director in which the behavior of the employee is noted in his presently working department.

Human Resouce Departments are the entities organizations form to organize people, reporting relationships, and work in a way that best supports the accomplishment of the organization's goals. Departments are usually organized by functions such as human resources, marketing, administration, and sales.But, a department can be organized in any way that makes sense for the customer. Departments can also be organized by customer, by product, or by region of the world. The forward thinking human resource department is devoted to providing effective policies, procedures, and people-friendly guidelines and support within companies. Additionally, the Page 46

human resource function serves to make sure that the company mission, vision, values or guiding principles, the company metrics, and the factors that keep the company guided toward success are optimized. The most common Human Resource jobs that are grouped in the Human Resource Department are the Human Resources Director, Human Resources Generalist, and Human Resources Assistant. Additionally, some organizations have a Vice President of Human Resources and employees who are organized around providing a specific component of Human Resource services including compensation, training, organization development, and safety.

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TIME OFFICE ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT

This section maintains the working hours of organization. There have been separate timings for the technical and non technical staff, as per shift basis y y y y First shift from 6 am to 2 pm. Second shift from 2 pm to 10pm and Third shift from 10pm to 6 am. General Shift is from 8:30 am to 6:30 pm

Punching system has been following in order to maintain the attendance and payment of the employees, shift adjustment will be done according the convenience.

WAGE AND SALARY ADMINISTRATION The company shall pay basic wages to permanent monthly rated workman according to revised scales. The company will pay dearness allowance based on working class cost of living index, published by directorate of economics and statistics. It is agreed that during the term of agreement annual bonus will be paid based on profit as per formula under the payment of bonus act 1965. Monthly incentives scheme will be provided to factory workers during the flush season.

LABOUR WELFARE DEPARTMENT

Definition: Personnel management is the planning, organizing, directing and

controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the end that organization and society objectives are accomplished.

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THE FACILITIES PROVIDED TO EMPLOYEES

y y y y y y y y Canteen facilities are provided at very cheap rate. Conveyance allowance is given to all employees. Shift allowance/heat, cold allowance, attendance bonus, is being paid to the employees who work is shifts in respective places. Over time/compensatory holidays are provided for extra work done. Leave facilities enjoyed by the employees on par with government Financial aid is given for cultural activities like staging of Dramas and participation in cultural competitions. D.A enhancement is automatically given as and when state government the D.A. Festival advance given subject to recovery in 10 installments is given. enhances

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MECHANICAL OPERATION DEPARTMENT

Activities in Operation (Mechanical) can be listed as following:

1. People in Operation are working in four shifts. They are classified as under: y y y y A (6 14) B (14 22) C (22 6) D Off day / General Shift

Number of people working in every shift is as follows: y y y y y y y Shift In-charge 1 Unit In-charge 2 per Unit. Controller, Center Panel 2 per Unit. Assistant Controller 12 Operators 21 Assistant Operator 12 Khalasi 4 DVC employees and 24 on contract.

2. Also Chemical Lab comes under Operations.

3. Operation Department round the clock monitors the different parameters of the plant for running smoothly. 4. Turbine and Boiler parameters are as under:

Turbine:
y y y y Condenser Vacuum TG lub oil pressure Axial shift HP/IP/LP differential expansion Page 50

y y y y

Overall thermal expansion Control valve steam meter possession indicator Gland stem temperature / pressure Casing temperature of HP/IP/LP (Rotor, Top, Bottom)

Boiler:
y y y y y y Furnace pressure Air flow O2 % in outlet flue gas Stem flow / Stem temperature Feed water flow to boiler drum ID Fan / FD Fan Scoop %, Discharge, Lub oil pressure

5. Maintaining the Trouble Log Book in case of Breakdown.

6. Isolating the equipments for maintenance, issuing PWC (Permit to Work Card) to the Maintenance Engineer, Inspecting maintenance activities.

7. Every hour parameter is recorded in the following registers: y y Turbine-panel Register Boiler-panel Register.

In the mechanical operations department they can control the different operation carry out in the organization , Operation Department round the clock monitors the different parameters of the plant for running smoothly. people operation such as employee in the organization they can classified into the four shifts, they can register the number people working in the every shift. Mechanical operation carry out turbine and boiler operation , register the turbine-panel operation , and boiler-panel operation.

Page 51

SAFETY AND SECURITY DEPARTMENT

Safety & Security Department Chart:

SECURITY OFFICER

SECURITY INSPECTOR

HEAD GUARDS

WATCHMAEN

Sources- Collected by Koppal Green Power Limited Annual Report.

Security is essential for every factory. In KGPL Sound security is maintained. Security department plays a vital role for the smooth running of the factory. There are 15 security guards look after the factory premises. Employees residential locality quarters cane yard and administration. Security officer is the main head and directs the other workers to do their duties. The worker checks the visitor before entering to factory and leaves the factory.

SAFETY
In Koppal Green Power Ltd.Works safety is everyones fundamental responsibility. The safety department in its endeavor to create accident free environment undertakes various activities such as

y Educate and motivate employees to follow the safety rules and practices of the company,
adopt safe working methods etc. Page 52

Identifying unsafe work practices, conditions in various departments and report for rectification.

Conducting periodical safety audit and implementation of action plan.

y Carrying out accident investigation analysis and implementation of preventive measures. y

Training to each department employees about the safety measure.

SAFETY POLICY
y Ensure continual improvement in our environment, health and safety performance by carrying out consistent review of our management systems.

y y y y

Comply with all applicable legal and statutory requirement. Conserve energy and mineral resources. Prevent pollution and minimize fugitive emissions. Manage our activities in a manner so as to avoid causing any undue risk to the health and safety of our employees, customers and other concerned with cooperation.

SECURITY
This refers to security measures adopted in the factory premises. For this purpose they have been working in three shifts. The security guards will strictly safe guard and factory premises. They have to maintain a number of registers such as:

Page 53

Visitors Registers
This is meant for visitor. Visitors details such as Name, address, purpose and to whom he want to see must be clearly shown the register. He will be given a pass and the same should be returned he leaves the premises.

Attendance Register
This is meant for security personnel itself

Occurrence Register
If any occurrences such as theft, accident etc may happen then that shall be briefly explained in this register.

Materials Movement Register

This refers to the movement of materials both outside and inside.

Contract Register
During the flush season some additional worker may be required. This may be taken from outside. Date, nature of work, name of worker, time etc should be clearly shown in this register. Safety and security department educate the employee to fallow the safety measures in the organisation and also saftey work process, this department trains the each department employees about the safety measures and also conduct the safety audit and implication of the action plan . In concern to security it refers to security measures adopted in the factory premises. the safety guards will strictly safe guards the factory premises . in security booth they can maintain the number of registers such as visitors register, attendance register, occurrence register, material movement register inside and outside the organization, contract registers.

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Strategy
Strategy refers to the systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve the companies aim the integrated vision and direction of the company as well as the manner, in which it drives, articulate, communicates and implements that vision and direction. It can also be defined as the choice of direction and action that the company adopts to achieve its objectives in a competitive situation. The term action of the Strategy having capture of the customers throughout the price policy easily buy the every one willingness towards above attracting customers implement of KGPL brand name using generally economic development in the particular company. One of the most important evaluation of raw material utilization proper manner and avoid the wastage through scientific and systematic manner concern the management organization strategy and so on. Strategy is a plan an organization formulates to gain a substantial advantage over the competition. Strategy is the art of devising and employing a system of activities that mobilizes all resources towards a valuable goal. Strategy is the determination of basic long term goals and objectives of an enterprise, and the adoption of course of action and the allocation of resources available for carrying out these goals. KGPL having potential statement of the technology aware about the views growth of the marketing is booming income rise, demand for goods increases and hence the performance brand image of its product.

WASTE CONTROL STRATEGY

In order to survive in the market company fallows waste control strategy. KGPL maintains all the materials in a systematic & in a scientific way, the best example for this is company generates electricity by making use of the produced during the production process.

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PRICING The name Koppal Green Power Ltd itself is the mark of quality for the customer.

KGPL has left the opinion of transporting yarn to the Buyers site to the Buyer. The services like transporting are rendered to customers by KGPL with very nominal charges. In KGPL we come across different Price terminologies.

y y y y y y y

List Price Discount Payment Periods Credit Terms Seasonal pricing Area wise pricing Pricing on demand

List price is nothing but the selling price. It is also called as Basic price. Basic Price= Production Cost +profit. Production cost includes both variable cost and fixed cost. If the transport is undertaken by KGPL then boarded price is calculated according to sites mentioned in receipt. Recorded Price = Basic Price+ Freight +CED (Central Excise Duty) Price of KGPL Electricity are comparatively more when compared to competitions, even with this more price also KGPL has succeeded in reaching top market share holding position in the market & Foundry, people prefer KGPL Electrcity because of the following reasons: y y High Quality Test Certificates are issued with every load

KGPL, Electricity for feeding into less opening firm aces. KGPL brand name helps in attracting customers. From the above points is clear that KGPL is not using any mark

Page 56

penetrating pricing strategy to penetrate the market instead it is using skimming price strategy.

Systems
Systems means all the producers, formal and informal, that makes the organization go, day by day year by year; capital budgeting system, training system, cost accounting procedures, budgeting. Training system of KGPL is as follows

The following factors are considered for training y y y y y y y y y y y y y Strategic plans of the organization and meet operational areas as Estimated by the top management. Training requirements as projected by the departmental heads and individual employees Reporting officer remarks in performance approvals reports. Refresher training requirements in critical areas. Career planning and succession planning inputs. Inputs required by new entrants. Training arising out of promotion and transfer. Training calendar. Identification of training needs. Selection trainees, Evaluating of the training program. Conducting the training program.

What is the system focuses in the KGPL organizational factors impact on the taking perfect decision making skill throughout the information regarding system than having training programs conducted for the supervisors carrier planning process. The main objective of the system towards formal and informal making perfect decision analysis in the particular Refresher training requirements in critical areas and Strategic plans of the organization and meet operational areas as estimated by the top management. Page 57

Once an organization is setup and achieves its basic market share it becomes more service oriented on the way to its growth. It has adapted the systems like No Child Labor, employees are taken care of by providing them the facilities like medical aids and their complaints are considered and overcome immediately. y y y y y y y Management Information Systems Innovation Systems Performance Management Systems Financial Systems / Capital Allocation Systems Compensation System / Reward System Customer Satisfaction Monitoring System Total Quality Systems

Shared values
It refers to the core or fundamental values that are widely shared in the organization and serve as guiding principle that are important. These values have great meaning because they focus attention and provide a broader sense of purpose. Values are things that you would strive for even if they were demonstrably not profitable. Values act as an organizations conscience, providing guidance in time of crisis. Shared Values are what engender trust. Values are the identity by which a company is known throughout its business areas. These values must be explicitly stated as both corporate objectives and individual values. A shared value is an essential characteristic or attribute promoted by the organization to motivate the behavior of members of the organization. In simple words, shared values are what engender trust. Values are the identity by which the organization is known in its business areas. Koppal Green Power Limited has the commitment in accepting the goals, achievements and objectives. It has its organizational values with quality policy, customer satisfaction and also with the employees.

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Staff
y Technical Staff
These are the staffs they are responsible for the work related to technical aspect. In this company they are appointing well qualified and experienced persons as technical staff .So these staff will have good knowledge about the working environment.

y Supervisory Staff
These are the person who is in charge with supervising the other employees in the organization .In this company they are employing experienced staff as supervisor. So they can observe the fellow workers and guide them as per the companies need. The experienced supervisors are one of the key assets of this company.

y Clerical staff
These staffs are responsible for the office work .These people are the back bone of the company. If they work well, it will be an asset to the company. In this company they are employed well & qualified employees for office work. These staffs are working together for achieving companies objectives.

y Man power
Designation Managing Director General Manager Department General Manager Manager Asst. Officers Operator Engineers / officers Training Total No. 01 02 03 06 05 45 06 70

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Staffing may be defined as filling and keeping filled the positions in the organization structure. This is done by identifying work force requirements, inventorying the people available and recruiting, selecting, placing, promoting, appraising, planning the careers of, compensating and training or otherwise developing both candidates and current job holders so that tasks are accomplished effectively and efficiently. The responsibility and authority of all the persons affecting quality and their interrelations have been defined and documented whenever personal responsible for specific quality functions are not available the immediate supervisor shall re-delegate their responsibilities. The

responsibility and authority of some key personnel, who performs, manage and verify the work including persuades who need organization freedom to:
y y y Initiate action to prevent the occurrence of any non-conforming relating to the product, process and quality management system. Identify and record any problem relating to product process and quality management system. Control the non-conforming product from further or until the non-conformity is corrected.

Skills
Style refers to the leadership style of the organization, how key manager behave in achieving the organizations goals, how manger collectively spend their time and attention, and how they use symbolic behavior. How management acts is more important that what management says. Skills include the distinctive competencies that reside in the organization. These can be distinctive competencies of people, management practices, systems and technology.

Training
Managers Team player, Communication skill, Negotiation skill, Inter Personnel skill. Engineers Technical knowledge of production, knowledge of machinery used, updated knowledge of technology, Team player. Semi skilled knowledge of the process, Hardworking, physically fit. Employee skill is identified by way of performance appraisal. Depending on the strength and weaknesses of the employee the training program is conducted. The company has skilled,

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unskilled and semiskilled labors. Depending on the job nature and importance on-job training will be given to them. The training will be given to enhance the environmental awareness among employees through training, development and education. KGPL being a young company with the history of 10 years is set to develop a full fledged training department. The training to an employee shall be of 1 type. y y On the job training by concerned supervision. Class room training by HRD department. A skill is the ability, knowledge, understanding and judgment to accomplish a task. Skills may be defined as what the company does best; the distinctive capabilities and competencies that reside in their organization. The organization selects and assigns personnel performing work affecting product quality based on appropriate education skills and experience. The organization has also a system to assess the competence of its personnel on periodic basis (performance appraisal and development report) to identify gap in the performance, if any as well as assessing their training needs to bridge the gap.

Style
Top down, participative and authoritative.
Top down: It is decentralized authority and encourages subordinates to express their opinion in decision making as well as in implementing the decision. However decisions are taken by the leaders thus, decision are arrived at by consultation. Participative: It is decentralize authority and encourage subordinates to participate and involves in decision making and implementation processes. Decisions are made by the top and his subordinate. Authoritative It is centralized power of decision making in themselves. Followers have no say either in decision making or in implementation. They have to completely obey and follow the instruction of the leaders. The leaders take full authority and full responsibility. KGPL has both top down and participative style of functioning .since all the crucial decisions (strategic decisions) are taken by top management and it is passed to the middle level Page 61

management for implementation. At the same time many day to day decisions are taken in participative manner. It is taken with proper consultation and negotiation among the middle level mangers and supervisor. The companys decision making is done by way of selecting the tender as government decides on sale to be done by the companies in a particular month. So decision is based on government policies on how much unit of power sell by companies. This leads to the free flow of communication within the organization. The management training is totally democratic there are no any restrictions to any employees to express his opinion. KGPL has got open door policy i.e. any level of employee can meet directly to his superior or managing director without any hesitation.

Style of leadership or relationship refers to the manner in which an individual uses his or her talents, values, knowledge, judgment and attitudes to lead and relate to others. Style expresses the persons character. Style is the leadership approach; also the way in which the employees in the organization present themselves to the outside world, to suppliers and customers. In simple words, a style is the pattern of behavior, which a leader adopts in influencing the behavior of his followers (Subordinates) in the organization context.

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CHAPTER -5
SWOT ANALYSES
 STRENGTHS
y y y y The company has adopted modern technology of plant and achieving fast production. Company has sophisticated equipment communications terminals for easy machinery which helps in

communicational response. High Productivity. Farmers, employees and Dealers are well satisfied and good relationship with company.

 WEAKNESS
y y y y Lack of skilled Labours in Boiler section. Unable to sell product to others because agreement with the KPTCL. Risk on Storage of Raw materials. Delay Payment from KPTCL.

 OPPORTUNITIES
y y The company can utilize the available resource to the optimum extent. Bio-power is possible to Distributes other than KPTCL.

 THREATS
y y y y Government is not helping by sufficient financial assurance. Frequent changes in the government policies. Many competitors are entering to the market. Unable to supply the power to other industries apart from KPTCL.

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FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

Koppal Green Power Ltd is company operating with the Social responsibility concept bearing in the mind. It is the company which has good name in the domestic area. After the completion of study in the Koppal Green Power Ltd. Following findings have drawn.

FINDINGS y y y y y y y There is no training and developments to the workers. Lack of Transportation facility to the employees. Unplanned purchase of Raw materials. Poor Welfare Facility to the workers. Untimely payment to the Middlemen. High Productivity. The co-ordination between management and workers is good.

SUGGETIONS y y y y y It can improve awareness in the minds of employee through systematic training. It can better to provide bus facility to its employee. Company should concentrate on Purchasing of Raw Materials. Company should provide better welfare facilities to the employees like Canteen. The factory should make the arrangement of payments to the Middlemen at a proper time.

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CONCLUSION
Power is one of the essential commodities of mass consumption in the world. Bio-Mass based Power production is to develop our nation. KGPL is situated in Rural Sector. Its given employment to Rural People. Bio-mass Production companies are also developing the our Environment by reducing the Carbon di-oxide .The organizational study helps to analyze the functioning of the overall organization and to check out the strengths and weakness of the company. The study gives details about the departments, its operation, coordination and functioning in detail. The company is giving major preference to quality in its operation. In India Power generating Industries are not using Raw materials properly, by installing this type of bio-mass Plants, companies can achieve greater success. Bio energy as a valuable and sustainable option to the requirements in the rural, this type of type of industries should be grown. Bio-energy as a valuable and sustainable option to meet the rural energy service needs in India.

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