Fu Fy e s Ab d t Du hsc Ns Tb Nb Tu Ag Anv Ae An Ant t1 l

Ultimate stress of the material (Ksi) Yield stress of the material (Ksi) edge distance (in) bolt spacing (in) Load resistance Factor Nominal area of bolt (in2) Nominal diameter of bolt (in) thickness of the critical material mean slip coefficeint multiplier hole factor Number of Slip Planes minimum bolt tension (kips) number of bolts carrying the applied tension

tension force due to LRFD combinations (kips) Gross sectional area (in2) Net area subjected to shear (in2) Effective net area (in2) Net area (in2) Net area subjected to tension (in2) End Projection angle length

Design strength of bolts

Connection Types

Force Type at Connection

Bolt design strength ( R n)

Shear only a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation No Blot shear strength =( Rn) Rn= FnAb Bearing strength at bolt holes =( Rn) For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtFu For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 2.4dtFu Rn= etFu 3dtFu Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 3dtFu Yes Rn= 2.4dtFu

Bearing type connections

Tension only

Bolt tensile strength =( Rn) Rn= FnAb

Shear & Tension a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation Bolt tensile strength =( Rn) Rn= FnAb Bearing strength at bolt holes =( Rn) No For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtFu For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 2.4dtFu Rn= etFu 3dtFu Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 3dtFu Yes Rn= 2.4dtFu

Connection Types

Shear Only

a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation

Yes No

Rn= 2.4dtFu

Slip resistance =( Rn)

Rn=D uhsc TbNs

Blot shear strength =( Rn) Rn= FnAb

Bearing strength at bolt holes =( Rn)

For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtFu For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 2.4dtFu

Rn= etFu

3dtFu

Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 3dtFu

Slip Critical Connections

Shear & Tension a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation Slip resistance =( K sRn)
Rn=D uhsc TbNs

Yes No

Rn= 2.4dtFu

Ks= 1-Tu/(DuTbNb)

Blot shear strength =( Rn) Rn= FnAb

Bearing strength at bolt holes =( Rn)

For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtFu For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 2.4dtFu

Rn= etFu

3dtFu

Rn= (s-d/2)tFu 3dtFu

In all the cases, the design strength

Rn must equal or exceed the required strength Ru

Limiting Design Strength

Connecting Elements Force

Bolts

Shear

Bolt Shear strength =( Rn) Rn= FnAb If If

D/C= Ru / Rn O.K Ru / Rn

1 Review the design

Tension

tensile yielding of angle =( Rn) Rn=FyAg If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

tensile rupture of angle =( Rn) Rn=FuAe If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Shear

Angle

Shear yielding of angle =( Rn) Rn=0.6FyAg If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Shear rupture of angle =( Rn) Rn=0.6FuAnv If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

a) When F uAnt 0.6FuAnv Rn=0.6FyAgr+FuAnt Block Shear Strength =( Rn) If If Rn Ru Rn < Ru O.K Review the design

b) When FuAnt < 0.6FuAnv Rn=0.6FuAnv+FyAgt If If Rn Ru Rn < Ru O.K Review the design

a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation

Yes No

Rn= 2.4dtF u Rn
Ru

Bolt bearing on angles =( Rn)

For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtF u For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tF u 2.4dtF u If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Rn= etFu If If

3dtFu Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Rn= (s-d/2)tF u 3dtFu

Design Check

a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation

Yes No

Rn= 2.4dtF u If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Beam

Bolt Bearing on Beam Web =( Rn)

For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtF u For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tF u 2.4dtF u If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Rn= etFu If If

3dtFu Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Rn= (s-d/2)tF u 3dtFu

a) when e 1.5d, s 3d Bolt holes deformation

Yes No

Rn= 2.4dtF u

Bolt Bearing on

For bolt nearsest the edge For remaining bolts b) When e < 1.5d or s < 3d or for a single bolt in line of force. For single bolt hole or the bolt hole nearest the edge when there are two or more bolt holes in the line of force Rn= etFu 2.4dtF u For remaining holes Rn= (s-d/2)tF u 2.4dtF u If If Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Rn= etFu If If

3dtFu Rn Ru O.K Rn < Ru Review the design

Column

Beam Web =( Rn)

Rn= (s-d/2)tF u 3dtFu

Inputs Units Length force stress Beam End reactions Rd= inch kips ksi

Inputs

Dead load (D) Rl= live load (L) Rw= Wind load (W) Rs= Snow Load (S) Rlr= Roof live load (Lr) Re= Eq. Load (E) Rr= Nominal load due to initial rainwater or ice exclusive of the ponding contribution (R) Ru= as per the load combination defined below

Criteriea

Calculate Bolt design Strength ( Rn)

LRFD Load Combinations 1.4D 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(Lr or S or R) 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or S or R) + (0.5L or 0.8W) 1.2D + 1.3W + 0.5L + 0.5(Lr or S or R) 1.2D 1E + 0.5 L + 0.2S 0.9D (1.3W or 1E) Bolt Type Bolt Dia Material Properties Elements Designation Beam Column Angles W36x231 W14x90 2L5x3 1/2 Specifications ASTM A992 ASTM A992 A36 Fy (ksi) 50 50 36 Fu (ksi) 65 65 58 ASTM A325-N 3/4 inch=

Minimum number of Bolts, n1=Ru / Rn

Assume suitable Number of Bolts (n), edge (e), spacing (s) and gauge (g)

0.75 inch

Assume angle thickness (t)

Design Check

Geometric Properties Beam W36x231 Column Angles Criterias Connection type = Force Type = W14x90 2L5x3 1/2

tw = tf =

0.76 0.71
Design not safe

Bolts
No

n Rn Ru

limiting shear strength of bolt groups (n Rn)

Bearing Type connection Shear and torsion

Yes

Angle

Bolt bearing on angle ( Rn)

Shear yielding ( Rn)

shear rupture ( Rn)

block shear rupture ( Rn)

Design is Safe

Beam

Bolt bearing on Beam Web ( Rn) Bolt bearing on Beam Web ( Rn) Rn Ru
Yes
Design is Safe

Column

No

Design not safe

Design of Double angle connection is complete

Angle lengthAngle thickness Minimum spacing in any directionMinimum edge distanceAnet= t (W-dh) for single row of bolt t(W-ndh) Anet can never be lesser than 0.85Ag s= g=

Minimum angle length shoud be one half of the "T" dimension of the beam to Pg 1481 b Maximum is 5/8 inch 2 2/3 (2.667) d (AISC J 3.3) Sheared edge is the worst case (from table J 3.4)

LRFD Manual

for n number of bolts across the section

centre to centre spacing of fastener in a row, also called fastner pitch centre to centre spacing of bolts along perpendicular direction to the line of force In lap joint it is the centre to centre distance between rows of fastener ref. Steel Buildings (Green Book) pg 210 total shear strength of the section (Fv) =

Check Shear on net Area of Angles

0.3*FuAv

(when tension is there strength strength is reduced to 30% of the minimum specified tensile strength)

the thickness required for shear=

Fu= Minimum specified tensile strength t=Ru/[Fv(l-ndh)n1] l= length of angle Fv= Shear strength of one angle dh= hole diameter n1= number of angles

8.5 inch

t, Angle Thickness

t1, End Projection e1 e2, edge distance s, bolt spacing

l, Angle length

Beam

e1, end distance

g, gauge
Column

Beam

Beam

Beam

ge distance