Answer all questions in this section. Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. 1.

Diagram below shows the internal structure of an organ of a plant as seen under a microscope. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur dalaman bagi satu organ tumbuhan yang diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop.

Diagram /Rajah (a) Which system of the plant has this organ? Apakah sistem tumbuhan yang mempunyai organ ini? ________________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (b) (i) On Diagram above, name the parts labelled P, Q, R and S. Pada Rajah di atas, namakan bahagian yang berlabel P, Q, R, dan S. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/2 markah] (ii) The following shows the characteristics of Q. Cross out ( ) the incorrect answer. Berikut menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi Q. Pangkahkan ( ) jawapan yang tidak benar.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(c) Diagram below shows several organelles in cell P. Tick ( ) the organelle that absorbs sunlight. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan beberapa organel di dalam sel P. Tandakan ( ) pada organel yang menyerap cahaya matahari.

Diagram /Rajah [1 mark/1 markah] (d) (i) Tissues R and S belong to the vascular bundle which is involved in transport in plant. Choose either tissue R or tissue S and explain how the structure of the tissue you have chosen facilitates transport. Tisu R dan S berasal daripada bekas vaskular yang terlibat dalam pengangkutan pada tumbuhan. Pilih sama ada tisu R atau tisu S, dan terangkan bagaimana struktur tisu yang kamu pilih memudahkan pengangkutan. [4 marks/4 markah] (ii) Draw a diagram of a cross section of a root and label tissues R and S on the diagram drawn. Lukis satu rajah keratan rentas akar dan labelkan tisu R dan S pada rajah yang dilukis.

[3 marks/3 markah]

2.

(a) Diagram a shows green plants found in the desert. Diagram b shows an aquatic plant. Rajah di a menunjukkan tumbuhan hijau yang didapati di padang pasir. Rajah b menunjukkan satu tumbuhan akuatik.

Diagram a/Rajah a

Diagram b/Rajah b

(i) Based on the diagrams shown above, explain how the plants are adapted to carry out photosynthesis optimally. Berdasarkan rajah yang ditunjukkan di atas, terangkan bagaimana tumbuhan tersebut mengadaptasi untuk menjalankan fotosintesis secara optimum. [16 marks/markah ]

(ii) The graph in Diagram below shows how the rates of photosynthesis of a plant (at high light intensity and low light intensity) change with temperature. Graf pada Rajah di bawah menunjukkan bagaimana kadar fotosintesis satu tumbuhan (pada keamatan cahaya yang tinggi dan keamatan cahaya yang rendah) berubah dengan suhu.

Diagram/Rajah Based on Diagram above, explain the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis at high light intensity and low light intensity. Berdasarkan Rajah di atas, terangkan kesan suhu ke atas kadar fotosintesis pada keamatan cahaya yang tinggi dan keamatan cahaya yang rendah. [4 marks/markah]

SMK METHODIST SPM Biology Tingkatan 4,5 - Latihan Fotosintesis Kertas 2

Jawapan

1.(a) The shoot system (b) (i) P: Mesophyll palisade cell Q: Epidermal cell R: Xylem S: Phloem (ii) It is transparent to allow light to penetrate/It is coated with cutile which is waterproof. (c)

(d) (i) R: Xylem tissue Xylem is involved in the transport of water and mineral salts from the roots of a plant to other parts of the plant. Xylem consists of xylem vessels and tracheids. Xylem vessels and tracheids are thickened with lignin to enable them to withstand the high tension created by the transpirational pull. The walls of tracheids and xylem vessels are perforated by holes to allow the lateral fl ow of water and mineral salts from cell to cell. The end walls of the xylem vessels are open to allow the cells to join end to end to form a continuous hollow tube to facilitate water to flow continuously. S: Phloem tissue Phloem tissue is involved in transport of nutrients or the photosynthetic product from the leaves to other parts of the plant. Phloem tissue consists of sieve tubes and companion cells. The sieve tube has its nucleus disintegrated and its cytoplasm pushed to the sides of the cell when it reaches maturity. Sieve tubes have holes on the end walls to form plates which facilitate the fl ow of food. Companion cells contain a large number of mitochondria to provide the sieve tubes with ATP and nutrients. (ii)

2.(a) i. Diagram a

Diagram b

ii. Photosynthesis is an enzyme-catalysed process. [1 m] At high light intensity, the rate of photosynthesis increases from 0C and peaks at 30C. The rate of photosynthesis does not increase as light intensity has become a limiting factor. [1 m] The rate of photosynthesis decreases after 30 C due to the denaturation of the enzymes involved in photosynthesis. [1 m] At low light intensity, the rate of photosynthesis is much lower, but still varies like the rate of

photosynthesis at high light intensity. [1 m]