Code No: RR220801 Set No. 1 II B.

Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (Chemi cal Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Quest ions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain the concept of temperature and equality of tem perature. (b) State the rst law of thermodynamics. For non ow process, prove the f ollowing energy equation:Q = W + U . [8+8] 2. (a) A refrigerator is rated at a CO P of 4. The refrigerated space that it cools requires a peak cooling rate of 30, 000 kJ/h. Calculate the power of the electrical motor required for the refrigera tor? (b) Two kg of air is heated at constant pressure of 200 kPa to 5000 C. Calc ulate the entropy change if the initial volume is 0.8 m3 . [8+8] 3. (a) Prove th at the e ciency of an Otto cycle depends upon its compression ratio. (b) A spark i gnition engine operates on an Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 9 and tempe rature limits of 300 C and 10000 C . If the power output is 500kW, calculate the thermal e ciency and the mass ux of air. [8+8] 4. (a) What are the di erent methods of governing of steam turbines? Explain any one method with the help of neat ske tches. (b) Determine the enthalpy required to produce 6 kg of dry saturated stea m at a pressure of 750 kN/m2 from water at 300 C . Take speci c heat of water as 4 .2 kJ/kgK. [8+8] 5. (a) Explain brie y with a sketch the working principle of a je t propulsion unit. (b) A six cylinder petrol engine working on four stroke Otto cycle runs at a speed of 2000 rpm. Each cylinder is 100 mm in diameter and the s troke is 150 mm. If the mean e ective pressure is 500 kN/m2 , nd the indicated powe r of the engine. [8+8] 6. (a) Prove that the volumetric e ciency of a compressor i s given by v = 1 K/100 [(p2 /p1 )1/n 1] (b) A compressor delivers 2 kg/s of air a t 2 MPa aving received it from t e atmosp ere at 200 C. Determine t e required power input and t e rate of eat removed if t e compression process is polytropi c wit n = 1.4. [8+8] 7. (a) Explain t e di erent met ods by w ic power from one s aft to anot er is transmitted. 1 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Set No. 1 (b) A belt embraces t e s orter pulley 1650 and runs over at a speed of 1700 m/m in. Dimensions of t e belt are: widt = 20cm, t ickness = 10mm, density is 1 g/c m3 . Determine t e maximum power t at can be transmitted at t e above speed if m aximum permissible stress in t e belt is not to exceed 20 bar, = 0.3. [8+8] 8. ( a) Wit t e elp of neat sketc explain t e following terms in connection wit s pur gear. i. Circular pitc ii. Dedendum circle iii. Addendum circle (b) W at ar e t e di erent types of t rust bearings? Explain? [6+10] 2 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Set No. 2 II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (Chemi cal Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Quest ions carry equal marks 1. A cylinder closed at both contains a free piston. On one s ide of which is nitrogen and other side is air. The initial pressure and volume of each is being 1.03 bar and 0.5 m3 respectively. Both the piston and cylinder are perfectly insulated. In the cylinder on the air side of the piston there is an electric heater which is used to heat the air. Heat is added to the air in th is manner until the volume occupied by the nitrogen is 0.3 m3 . The initial temp erature of each gas is 50o C . Determine (a) the nal temperature of air and (b) t he heat supplied to air. Assume Cp for air as 1.005 and R for air as 0.287 kJ/kg K and = 1.4 for nitro en. Also draw the PV dia ram. [16] 2. (a) Prove that Kelvi n-Planck statement and Clausius statement of Second law of thermodynamics are eq uivalent. (b) Heat is supplied to a workin uid of an en ine at the rate of 100 k cal/min at a constant temperature of 4500 C . The workin uid expands adiabatical ly into the en ine cylinder and nally it is dischar ed from the en ine at a const ant temperature of 1000 C . Find the power developed by the en ine. [8+8] 3. (a) In what respect diesel cycle di ers from Otto cycle. Which cycle ives hi her e cie ncy for the same compression ratio? (b) The maximum allowable pressure in an Ott o cycle is 8 MPa. Conditions at the be innin of the air compression are 85kPa a nd 220 C . Calculate the required heat addition and the MEP, if the compression ratio is 8. [6+10] 4. (a) Explain the main advanta es and disadvanta es of re tub e boiler over water tube boilers. (b) A power plant is to be operated on an idea l Rankin cycle with the superheated steam exitin the boiler at 4 MPa and 5000 C . Calculate the thermal e ciency and the quality at the turbine outlet if the con denser pressure is i. 20 kPa ii. 10 kPa, and iii. 8 kPa [8+8] 5. (a) Describe the operation of a two stroke cycle IC en ine with neat sketches . 1 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Set No. 2 (b) The indicated power of a two cylinder four stroke cycle petrol en ine is 15 kW when it runs at a speed of 1000 rpm. If the mean e ective pressure is 600 kN/m2 , determine the necessary bore and stroke assumin the stroke is 1.2 times the bore. [10+6] 6. An air compressor has a piston displacement of 12 m3 /min. The p ressure and temperature of air at the end of suction stroke are 100 kN/m2 and 15 0 C. The pressure and temperature of air in the receiver of 2 m3 capacity is rai sed to 750 kN/m2 and 400 C in 70 seconds. Determine the volumetric e ciency of the compressor. The initial pressure and temperature in the receiver are 103 kN/m2 and 150 C. [16] 7. (a) State the applications, advanta es and disadvanta es of c hain drives. (b) Power is transmitted between two shafts by a V - belt whose mas s is 0.9 k /m len th. The maximum permissible tension in the belt is limited to 2.2 kN. The an le of lap is 1700 and the rove an le is 450 . If the coe cient of friction between the belt and pulley is 0.17, nd the maximum power transmitted by the belt. [8+8] 8. (a) What are the di erent types of ears? Explain their applic ations. (b) Describe the followin bearin s with the help of neat sketch: i. Sin le row deep roove ball bearin ii. Thrust ball bearin [6+10] 2 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Set No. 3 II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (Chemi cal Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Quest ions carry equal marks 1. A cylinder closed at both contains a free piston. On one s ide of which is nitrogen and other side is air. The initial pressure and volume of each is being 1.03 bar and 0.5 m3 respectively. Both the piston and cylinder are perfectly insulated. In the cylinder on the air side of the piston there is an electric heater which is used to heat the air. Heat is added to the air in th is manner until the volume occupied by the nitrogen is 0.3 m3 . The initial temp erature of each gas is 50o C . Determine (a) the nal temperature of air and (b) t he heat supplied to air. Assume Cp for air as 1.005 and R for air as 0.287 kJ/kg K and = 1.4 for nitro en. Also draw the PV dia ram. [16] 2. (a) Explain the term entropy. What is its di erence with the temperature? (b) A Carnot en ine operates i n series between two reservoirs maintained at 5000 C and 400 C respectively. The ener y rejected by the rst en ine is utilized as ener y input to the second en i ne. Determine the temperature of this intermediate reservoir between the two en ines if the e ciencies of both en ines are the same. [6+10] 3. (a) In what respect diesel cycle di ers from Otto cycle. Which cycle ives hi her e ciency for the same compression ratio? (b) The maximum allowable pressure in an Otto cycle is 8 MPa . Conditions at the be innin of the air compression are 85kPa and 220 C . Calcu late the required heat addition and the MEP, if the compression ratio is 8. [6+1 0] 4. (a) Explain the followin terms: i. ii. iii. iv. Dry saturated steam Wet s team Superheated steam Dryness fraction of steam (b) A Rankin cycle operates between pressures of 2 MPa and 10 kPa with a maximum temperature of 6000 C . If the insulated turbine has an e ciency of 80 percent, c alculate the cycle e ciency and the temperature of steam at the turbine outlet. [8 +8] 5. (a) Describe the major classi cations of internal combustion en ine. 1 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Set No. 3 (b) A four stroke cycle internal combustion en ine has a piston diameter of 150 mm and the avera e piston speed is 200 m per min. If the mean e ective pressure is 700kN/m2 , nd the indicated power of the en ine. [8+8] 6. A sin le sta e sin le actin compressor 20 cm in diameter and 20 cm in stroke delivers air at 2000 kN/ m2 . The temperature and pressure at the suction are 270 C and 100 kN/m2 . Assum in compression and expansion follow the law pv1.2 =Constant and clearance is 20 % stroke volume, nd (a) the volumetric e ciency and (b) power of the compressor if the compressor runs at 200 rpm. 7. (a) Explain the di erent types of belt drives w ith the help of neat sketches. (b) A at belt runnin over a pulley of 800mm diame ter runnin at 240rpm is havin a coe cient of friction between the belt and the p ulley 0.28 and an le of lap is 1650 . If the maximum tension in the belt is 3kN, determine the power transmitted by the belt drive. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the hyd rodynamic theory of lubrication (b) A compound ear train consists of 6 ears A, B,C,D,E and F and they have 20,30,40,50,60,70 teeth respectively, A is tted to th e rst shaft and B is mashed with C. Gear D and E are tted to the third shaft and E is meshed with F which is xed to another shaft. If A rotates at 210 rpm, nd the r pm of F. [6+10] [16] 2 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Set No. 4 II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (Chemi cal Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Quest ions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain the terms state, path, process and cyclic proc ess. (b) Calculate CP and Cv of air if 0.46 kg of air at 179o C expends isentrop ically to three times its original volume. During this expansion process the tem perature drops to 15.5o C The work done by the air is 52.9 kJ. [8+8] 2. (a) Give the two classical statements of the second law of thermodynamics. Explain how i t leads to a clari cation of the rst law. (b) Air is compressed from a pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 21 C to a pressure of 2 bar and temperature of 38 C. For this process determine: i. change in entropy ii. whether heat is added or re moved or is it zero iii. the nal temperature if the process were isentropic. Sket ch process for part iv. on a T-s plane [6+10] 3. (a) In what respect diesel cycl e di ers from Otto cycle. Which cycle gives higher e ciency for the same compression ratio? (b) The maximum allowable pressure in an Otto cycle is 8 MPa. Conditions at the beginning of the air compression are 85kPa and 220 C . Calculate the req uired heat addition and the MEP, if the compression ratio is 8. [6+10] 4. A stea m power plant is proposed to operate between the pressures of 10 kPa and 2 MPa w ith a maximum temperature of 4000 C, as shown in gure4 given. What is the maximum e ciency possible from the power cycle? [16] Figure 4 Saturated liquid h1 = hf = 191.8 kJ/kg 1 of 2

Code No: RR220801 Super heat h3 = 3248kJ/kg s3 = 7.1279 kJ/kg. K Set No. 4 5. A four stroke cycle petrol engine has a diameter of 150 mm and a stroke of 25 0 mm. The mean e ective pressure exerted upon the piston is 700 kN/m2 and the cran k shaft makes 406 revolutions per min. If there is an average mis res of 3 per min ute, nd the indicated power of the engine. [16] 6. (a) Explain why a reciprocatin g air compressor with clearance delivers less air than a reciprocating compresso r with no clearance? (b) A single stage air compressor draws 25 liters of air pe r second at 100kN/m2 and compresses it according to the law pv1.2 =constant to t he delivery pressure 600kN/m2 . Calculate the power required to drive the compre ssor assuming the mechanical e ciency as 80 per cent. [6+10] 7. (a) Explain the di e rent methods by which power from one shaft to another is transmitted. (b) A belt embraces the shorter pulley 1650 and runs over at a speed of 1700 m/min. Dimens ions of the belt are: width = 20cm, thickness = 10mm, density is 1 g/cm3 . Deter mine the maximum power that can be transmitted at the above speed if maximum per missible stress in the belt is not to exceed 20 bar, = 0.3. [8+8] 8. (a) What ar e the di erent types of gears? Explain their applications. (b) Describe the follow ing bearings with the help of neat sketch: i. Single row deep groove ball bearin g ii. Thrust ball bearing [6+10] 2 of 2