.

PAPER NO=01
Particulars
Topic Name

Details Conjugate Heat Transfer for a Vertical Flat Plate with Heat Generation Effect.

Author

A.A. Mamun1, Z.R. Chowdhury2, M.A. Azim3, M.A. Maleque4

Abstract To illustrates the effect of heat generation on the coupling of Conduction inside and the laminar natural convection flow along a flat plate. The governing equations of natural convection flow of a viscous incompressible fluid under the usual boundary layer and the Boussinesq approximations can be written as
u v + =0 x y u u u u 2u +v =v + g (T Tf ) x y y2 T T 2T +v = x y y 2

Physical Problem

Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

The term Q0/ Cp(Tf T), Q0 being a constant, represents the amount of generated or absorbed heat from per unit volume. Heat is generated or absorbed from the source term according as Q0 is positive or negative.

Methodology

The developed governing equations with the associated boundary conditions for this analysis are transferred to dimensionless form using a local non-similar transformation. The transformed non-linear equations of the non-dimensional equations are then solved using the implicit finite difference method with Keller box-scheme.

Results

A steady, two-dimensional, laminar natural convection flow is analyzed considering conduction and heat generation effects. The transformed partial differential equations together with the boundary conditions are solved numerically by implicit finite difference method. The effects of the heat generation parameter, conjugateconduction parameter and Prandtl number are studied on the fluid flow and at the solid-fluid interface. The velocity of the fluid and the skin friction at the interface increase with the increasing heat generation parameter while they decrease with the increasing Prandtl number and conduction parameter. The temperature of the fluid increases with the increasing heat generation parameter and the decreasing conduction parameter and Prandtl number. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer decreases with the increasing heat generation parameter, conduction parameter and the decreasing Prandtl number.

PAPER NO=02
Details Particulars
Topic Name

Conjugate Heat Transfer of Forced Convection with Viscous Dissipation for Visco-Elastic Fluid Past a Flat Plate Fin
Kai-Long Hsiao, Cheng-Hsing Hsu A conjugate forced convection with viscous dissipation heat transfer problem of a secondgrade visco-elastic fluid past a flat plate fin has been studied. Governing equations include heat conduction equation of the fin, and continuity equation ,momentum equation and energy equation of the fluid, were analyzed by a combination of a series expansion method, the similarity transformation and a second-order Accurate finite-difference method. Solutions of a stagnation flow (= 1.0) at the fin tip and a flat plate shape (wedge flow = 0.0) on the fin surface were obtained by a

Author Abstract

Physical Problem Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions Methodology

generalized Falkner-Skan flow derivation. These solutions were used to iterate with the heat conduction equation of the fin to obtain distributions of the local convective heat transfer coefficient and the fin temperature. Ranges of dimensionless parameters, the Prandtl number (Pr), the elastic number (E), the viscous dissipation parameter (Ec) and the conduction-convection coefficient (Ncc) are from 0.1 to 100, 0.001 to 0.01, 0 to 0.1 and 0.05 to 2.0, respectively. Results indicated that Results indicated that elastic effect in the flow can increase the local heat transfer coefficient and enhance the heat transfer of a flat plate fin. Also, same as results from Newtonian fluid flow and conduction analysis of a flat plate fin, a better heat transfer is obtained with a larger Ncc, E, Ec and Pr. To study the heat transfer of a flat plate fin cooled or heated by a high or low Prandtl-number, second-grade visco-elastic fluid with various conduction-convection parameters. Governing equations include heat conduction equation of the fin, and continuity equation, momentum equation and energy equation of the fluid, were analyzed by a combination of a series expansion method, the similarity transformation and a second-order accurate finitedifference method. Flow and temperature fields of the stagnation flow and the wedge flow are analyzed by utilizing the boundary layer concept to obtain a set of coupled momentum equations and energy equations. A similarity transformation with wedge-type parameters and a series expansion method are then used to convert the nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations to a set of non linear, decoupled ordinary differential equations. In the present conjugate problem, these decoupled equations and the conduction equation of the fin is then solved iteratively to obtain the temperature distribution and the local convective heat transfer coefficient along the fin by a secondorder finite difference method. While the difference form of the fin conduction equation has previously been solved by either a

relaxation procedure or a direct matrix-inverse method and the Runge-Kutta integration method, a simple and stable direct Gauss elimination method is used. A steady two-dimensional forced convection of an incompressible second-grade fluid adjacent to a fin is studied. A similar solution was obtained and results indicate that the viscous dissipation force made an obviously influence to heat transfer performance. Numerical results in the present study indicate that elastic effect E in the flow can increase the local heat transfer coefficient and enhance the heat transfer of a fin. Also, a better heat transfer is obtained with a larger Ncc (conduction-convection coefficient) E (elastic number) Ec (viscous dissipation Parameter) and a larger Pr (Prandtl number).

Results

PAPER NO=03
Particulars
Topic Name Author

Details Conjugate Heat Transfer From a Vertical Plate With Discrete Heat Sources Under Natural convection
S Lee, M.M.Yovanovich

Abstract

Physical Problem Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

To study Conjugate heat transfer model for two dimensional vertical plates with discrete heat sources of arbitrary size and power level under natural convection.

u v + =0 x y u u u u 2 u +v =v + g (T Tf ) x y y2 T T 2T +v = x y y 2

 The finite element method is used to solve the partial differential equations. Methodology Finite element discritization is used. Equations are solved by method like Gauss elimination method,

Results

PAPER NO=04
Particulars
Topic Name

Details Numerical study of heat transfer enhancement in mixed convection flow along a vertical plate with heat source/sink utilizing nanofluids.
P Rana, R Bhargava Steady, mixed convection laminar boundary layer flow of incompressible nanofluids along the vertical plate with temperature dependent heat source/sink has been investigated numerically. The resulting non linear equations(obtained with Boussinesq approximation) are solved, using a robust, extensively validated, variational finite element method(FEM) for both spherical and cylindrical shaped nanoparticles with volume fraction ranging

Author Abstract

Physical Problem Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

up to 4% with associated boundary conditions and the effect of the parameters governing the problem are discussed. Different water based nanofluids containing Cu, Ag, CuO, Al2O3 and TiO2 are taken into consideration. The result Shows that the average Nusselt number is found to decrease for Ag, Cu, CuO, Al2O3, and TiO2. The present study is of immediate interest in the next generation solar film collectors, heat exchanger technology, materials processing exploiting vertical surfaces, geothermal energy storage and all those process which are highly affected with heat enhancement. To examine the influence of the different types of nano particles(Cu, Ag, CuO, Al2O3 and TiO2) on boundary layer flow and heat transfer of incompressible nanofluids along the vertical plate with temperature dependent heat source/sink. The basic steady conservation of mass, momentum and thermal energy equations for nanofluids in Cartesian coordinates system is used.

Methodology

The finite element method is used to solve the partial differential equations. Finite element discritization is used. Generation of element equations by using element interpolation function. The algebraic equations are assembled by using the interelement continuity equations. Assembled equations are solved by method like Gauss elimination method,LU decomposition method
In the present paper, we have examined the influence of the different type of nanoparticles on boundary layer flow and heat transfer of incompressible nanofluid along the vertical plate with temperature dependent heat source/sink. The governing partial differential equations for mass, momentum, energy and species conservation are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using a non-dimensional transformation. These equations are solved numerically using variational finite element method. The effects of the buoyancy parameter (Ri), heat source/sink (Q), the solid volume fraction (/) of Cu nanoparticles and different types of nanofluids (Ag, Cu, CuO, Al2O3, TiO2) are discussed. Numerical results for the local Nusselt number and local skin friction, temperature (h) and velocity (f0) are presented graphically for various parameter conditions. Also, the average Nusselt number has been calculated for different models and for different types of nanofluids. The

Results

results can be summarized as follows: Increase in buoyancy parameter (Ri) increases the momentum boundary layer and decreases the thermal boundary layer for pure water. Also, Both local skin friction and local Nusselt number increases with the buoyancy parameter for pure water. The thermal boundary layer increases and momentum boundary layer firstly decreases and then increases with the use of water based nanofluids as compared to pure water. Moreover, the heat transfer enhances with nanofluids. It is found that Ag nanoparticles proved to have the highest cooling performance for this vertical plate problem where TiO2 nanoparticles have the lowest. This is due to the high thermal conductivity of Ag and low thermal conductivity of TiO2. The heat transfer increases and skin friction decreases with heat sink (Q = _0.1). Heat source (Q = 0.1) follows the Opposite trend. Moreover, both momentum and thermal boundary layer decrease for heat sink. The use of Nanotubes (cylindrical shaped nanoparticles) in model III proved to have the highest heat transfer enhancement as compared to spherical shaped nanoparticles. This is obvious because Nanotubes have high effective thermal. Conductivity. In addition, model III of Nanotubes has high heat transfer as compared to model IV of Nanotubes because Of high effective dynamic viscosity.

PAPER NO=05
Particulars
Topic Name Author Abstract

Details Thermal regimes of high burn-up nuclear fuel rod.

Nikolai A. Kudryashov *, Aleksandr V. Khlunov, Mikhail A. Chmykhov

The temperature distribution in the nuclear fuel rods for high burn-up is studied. We use the numerical and analytical approaches. It is shown that the time taken to have the stationary thermal regime of nuclear fuel rod is less than one

Physical Problem

minute. We can make the inference that the behavior of the nuclear fuel rod can be considered as a stationary task. Exact solutions of the temperature distribution in the fuel rods in the stationary case are found. Thermal regimes of high burn-up the nuclear fuel rods are analyzed. To study Temperature distribution in the fuel rod of nuclear reactor to controls the behavior of fission products in the pellets, the diffusion and vaporization properties and so on.

The boundary values for the numerical simulation we took at r=ro r=R2 T(r=R2t)=Tw Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions
Where Tw is the temperature of the wall. Heat capacity Cp of oxide fuels is very important parameter for evaluation of fuel temperature at normal, transient and Accidental conditions of light water reactor .Heat capacities of undoped and impurity-doped UO2 pellets have been measured by many researchers. The values for densities and heat capacities of nuclear fuel, rim layer, gas in gap and in cladding are different from each other.
T r

r=ro =0

Methodology

The finite element method is used to solve the partial differential equations. Finite element discritization is used. Integrating equations Numerical solution to the equations by using gauss elimination method
We have studied the temperature distribution in nuclear fuel rod taking into account the fuel, the rimlayer, the gap, the film of the zirconium oxide and the cladding. Solving the nonstationary task of the temperature distribution in the nuclear fuel rod by the numerical simulation we have obtained that the evolution of the temperature in the rod to the stationary behavior goes the short time. This time is less than 45 s for the maximum power in nuclear fuel rod. This fact allowed us to consider the solution of the stationary behavior of the nuclear reactor. We have solved this task using the analytical method and we have found the exact solution of the temperature distribution in the Nuclear fuel rod. We

Results

analyzed the different thermal regimes for the stationary behavior reactor and have shown the important role of the rim-layer of high burn-up nuclear fuel rod.

PAPER NO=06
Particulars
Topic Name Author

Details Axisymmetric mixed convection boundary layer flow past a vertical cylinder in a nanofluid.
T. Grosan , I. Pop

A numerical study has been conducted to investigate

the steady Axisymmetric mixed convection boundary layer flow past a thin vertical cylinder placed in a water-based copper (Cu) nanofluid. Using appropriate transformations, the system of partial differential equations is transformed into an ordinary differential system of two equations, which is solved numerically using bvp4c function from Matlab. Numerical results are obtained for the skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number as well as for the velocity and temperature profiles for some values of the governing parameters, namely, the nanoparticle Volume fraction parameter /, mixed convection parameter k and the curvature parameter c with the Prandtl number Pr = 6.2 (water). The results indicate that dual solutions exist when the surface of the cylinder is cooled (opposing flow, k < 0). It is shown that for a regular fluid (/ = 0) a very good agreement exists between the present numerical results and those reported by Mahmood and Merkin [8]. A numerical study has been conducted to investigate the steady Axisymmetric mixed convection boundary layer flow past a thin vertical cylinder placed in a water-based copper (Cu) nanofluid. We consider the steady Axisymmetric mixed convection boundary layer flow past a vertical circular cylinder of radius R placed in a Nanofluid. It is assumed that the mainstream velocity is U(x) and the temperature of the ambient nanofluid is T1, while the temperature

Abstract

Physical Problem Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

of the cylinder is Tw(x). Under these assumptions and using the model of the nanofluid proposed by Tiwari and Das the equations governing this problem are, (ru ) ( rw ) + =0 x r nf 2 u 1 u (1 ) f u u du u +w =U + ( 2 + )+ g (T T ) x r dx nf r r t nf Here x and r are Cartesian coordinates measured in the axial and radial directions, respectively, u and w are the velocity components along x and r directions, T is the temperature of the nanofluid, and the meaning of the other physical quantities is mention in Nomenclature. The viscosity lnf, the thermal diffusivity Inf and the thermal conductivity knf of the nanofluid The nonlinear ordinary differential Eqs. subject to the boundary conditions have been solved numerically by using bvp4c function from Matlab for some values of the mixed convection The steady Axisymmetric mixed convection boundary layer flow and heat transfer characteristics past a vertical cylinder immersed in a nanofluid with prescribed external flow and surface temperature Were theoretically investigated. The governing partial differential Equations were transformed to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using a similarity transformation, before Being solved numerically using bvp4c function from Matlab. Dual solutions were found to exist when the mixed convection parameter k is negative (cylinder is cooled (Tw < T1). The enhancement of heat transfer is a function of particle concentration, small fraction of metallic particles leading to significant changes in both reduced skin friction coefficient and reduced Nusselt number.

Methodology

Results

PAPER NO=07
Particulars
Topic Name

Details Mixed convection of non-Newtonian fluids along a heated vertical flat plate.

Author

M.M. Molla a, L.S. Yao

b,*

Abstract

Physical Problem

Mixed convective heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluids on a flat plate has been investigated using a modified power-law viscosity model. This model does not contain physically unrealistic limits of zero or infinite viscosity as are encountered in the boundary-layer formulation with traditional models of viscosity for power-law fluids. These unrealistic limits can introduce an irremovable singularity at the leading edge; consequently, the model is physically incorrect. The present modified model matches well with the measurement of viscosity, and does not introduce irremovable singularities. Therefore, the boundary layer equations can be solved by marching from the leading edge downstream as for Newtonian fluids. The numerical results are presented for a shearthinning fluid in terms of the velocity and temperature distribution, and for important physical properties, namely the wall shear stress and heat transfer rates. To study steady laminar boundary-layer of a non-Newtonian fluid along a semi-infinite heated flat plate .
The equations governing the flow and heat transfer are

u v + =0 x y

Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

u u

u u 2u +v =v + g (T Tf ) x y y2 T T 2T +v = x y y 2

Methodology

where _u; _v are velocity components along the (x-y)axes, T is the temperature, and is the thermal diffusivity of the fluid. The boundary conditions for the present problem are u=v=0, T=Tw at y=0 u---- Uo T----- T as y---- where U0 is the free-stream velocity. Boundary layer and governing equation can be solved by marching downstream with the upstream condition. The algebraic equations have been solved by a doublesweep technique. Differential equations are discretized by a centraldifference scheme for the diffusion term and a backward-difference a scheme

for the convection terms.

Results

The proposed modified power-law correlation fits well with the actual measurement of viscosities for nonNewtonian fluids; consequently it does not contain physically unrealistic limits of zero and infinite viscosity introduced into the boundary-layer formulation by the traditional power-law model. The problems associated with the non-removal singularity introduced by the traditional power-law correlations do not exist for the modified power-law correlation proposed in this paper. This means that the similarity solution exists at the leading edge, which is the natural upstream condition for the non-similar boundary-layer problem. Therefore, the proposed modified power-law correlations can be used to investigate other heat transfer problems for shear-thinning or shear thickening non-Newtonian fluids on boundary-layers. The fundamental mechanism that the effect of natural convection eventually becomes dominant when the heating length is long is heating case with Gr/Re2 = 0.1, the effect of natural convection has not reached its fully developed stage at = 1000. The current study clearly indicates most measured data of shear-dependent viscosity do not cover a complete range. So far, we have only known one set of such data. We will use this particular set of data to determine the accuracy of various models, and report our finding when it is ready.

PAPER NO=08
Particulars
Topic Name

Details

A Numerical Investigation of Turbulent Flow in an 18-Plate Nuclear Fuel Assembly

Rongsheng Yu1 and Marilyn F. Lightstone2
1Training

Author Abstract

Department, Point Lepreau Generating Station, NB Power

A numerical simulation of the fluid flow in the core of the McMaster

Nuclear Reactor (MNR) was performed.

 The standard k turbulence model together with a two-layer wall

boundary model was used in the current study. A two-dimensional numerical model for the MNR 18-plate nuclear fuel assembly was developed using the advanced commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code CFX-TASCflow. The numerical predictions were compared with experimental data for the MNR 18-plate assembly at the same flow conditions. In general, the code over predicts the pressure drop for the range of the mass flow rate investigated, however, the difference decreases as the mass flow rate (or Reynolds number) increases. Errors of less than 4% were obtained for mass flows greater than 4.0 kg/s. The comparison shows that the predicted flow distribution and velocities are very close to the measured data for the high Reynolds number flows. It is found that the k model with the two-layer wall boundary model can predict the flow in the vertical parallel plate channels in the low Reynolds number region (Re=3000 to 10,000) very well.

Physical Problem Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

A numerical simulation of the fluid flow in the core of the McMaster Nuclear Reactor (MNR) was performed.

The standard k turbulence model is used in the current research. The transport of turbulent kinetic energy per unit mass, k, is provided by the following equations The transport equation for the turbulence dissipation rate, , is given by the following.[3[ Table 1.

k model constants [2] c 1 c 2 c k t Pr

0.09 1.14 1.92 1.0 1.3 0.9

The channel flow in the MNR 18-plate assembly is in the low Reynolds number region (Re = 3434 . 8585) and the channel gap in the MNR 18-plate assembly is only 2.97 mm. Thus, the two-layer wall model provides appropriate boundary conditions. The method used in this work is that proposed by Chen and Patel [6] who define the interface as occurring when the dynamic viscosity is small relative to the turbulent viscosity. A node is in the two-equation region if n R 250. A node is in the one-equation region if n R < 250.

where Rn is the local Reynolds number based on the distance from the wall.

A numerical investigation was conducted using a commercial CFD code to Methodology

predict the flow in the assembly. The commercial computational fluid dynamics code CFX-TASC flow is used in the current study. In parallel to the numerical work, an experimental investigation was conducted by T. S.Ha in order to reveal the hydraulic characteristics of the coolant flow in the MNR 18-plate assembly [3]. The numerical predictions are compared with the experimental data at the same conditions.. Code predictions were compared with experimental data for pressure drop and flow distribution in the assembly. In general, the code over predicts the pressure drop for the range of the mass flow rate investigated, however, the difference decreases as the mass flow rate (or Reynolds number) increases. Errors of less than 4% were obtained for mass flows greater than 4.0 kg/s. The bigger difference at the lower mass flow rate is most likely due to the simulations assumption of turbulent flow, whereas in the experiment the flow may have been laminar or in Transition in portions of the domain.

Results

PAPER NO=09
Particulars Topic Name Details

Thermo-fluid investigation on a double-side-cooled annular fuel for the prismatic very high temperature gas-cooled reactor
Nam-Il Taka,, Yonghee Kima, Jae-Hyuk Choib,Won Jae Leea a Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok Street, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, South Korea In this paper, a double-side-cooled annular fuel concept for a prismatic type reactor is proposed to solve the fuel temperature issue. At first, comparative assessment is made on the existing prismatic fuel design concepts. Then the proposed design is analyzed to demonstrate its improved performance. A detailed thermo-fluid analysis using a CFD code is performed with the CFX 5.7.1 code (ANSYS Inc., 2005) to investigate its performances.. In this paper, a double-side-cooled annular fuel concept for a prismatic type reactor is proposed to solve the fuel temperature issue.

Author

Abstract

Physical Problem

 In this paper, a double-side-cooled annular fuel concept for a prismatic type reactor is proposed to solve the fuel temperature issue. At first, comparative assessment is made on the existing prismatic fuel design concepts. Then the proposed design is analyzed to demonstrate its improved performance. A detailed thermo-fluid analysis using a CFD code is performed with the CFX 5.7.1 code (ANSYS Inc., 2005) to investigate its performances. Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions Table 1 Main thermo-fluid data for an assessment of the existing prismatic fuel designs Multi-hole type Pin-in-hole type Assembly power (MW) 5.882 5.882 Compact power density (W/cm3) 28.78 33.18 Assembly flow area (cm2) 208 378 Coolant inlet velocity (m/s) 23.9 13.1 Coolant inlet temperature (C) 491 491 ,Coolant outlet temperature (C) 1000 For detailed fuel temperature distributions, CFD analyses are carried out for the unit cell geometries of the two types of prismatic assemblies. Although the unit cell models are simplified approaches, they are helpful to understand basic aspects of heat Methodology transfer in the prismatic fuel assembly. In fact, a number of useful core design calculations for HTGRs were made with these models (Melese and Katz, 1984).. Results A double-side-cooled annular fuel concept for a prismatic type reactor has been proposed in this paper to resolve the fuel temperature issue in the VHTR fuel design. The superior characteristics in the thermo-fluid performance of the proposed design are presented based on a detailed thermofluid analysis by using a CFD code. One of the key performance parameters of the proposed design is the maximum fuel temperature. The CFD results show that the maximum temperature of the proposed design is lower than that of the existing prismatic designs. The maximum fuel temperature of the proposed design under normal operation conditions is found to be sufficiently below the design limit which is a very strict constraint in the VHTR core design due to a high coolant outlet temperature. Moreover, the pressure drop is lower than those of the existing prismatic designs. For an actual application to the VHTR, however, other aspects

such as fabrications, operational performances, waste treatments, etc. have also to be considered to assess overall merits and demerits of the fuel assembly designs.

PAPER NO=10
Particulars Topic Name Details

Exploiting new features of COMSOL version 4 on conjugate heat transfer problems

Author James D ,Roa v Oak Ridge national labouratory The COMSOL application for this paper is high flux isotope reactor FIR of Oak Ridge national laboratory which we introduced in earlier COMSOL conferences. The present research emphasis at HFIR IS to investigate al aspects of transition from highly enriched uranium fuel to low enriched fuel .The foundation for this research has been with direct comparison between present design and safety basis codes.[6,7]. Using both version 3.4 &3.5 of COMSOL. When transitioning from v3.5 to v4 of COMSOL, WE have made several improvements of the physics , solution technique and hardware interfaces The present research emphasis at HFIR IS to investigate al aspects of transition from highly enriched uranium fuel to low enriched fuel. The foundation for this research has been with direct comparision between present design and safety basis codesUsing both version 3.4 &3.5 of COMSOL. For steady 2D conjugate heat transfer , the energy equation in cartesian co-ordinate with temperature as dependent variable is . (v cT)/ x+ (v cT)/ y= (k T/ x+ S

Abstract

Physical Problem

Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions

Methodology

Results

Here the density is temporarily substituted by pseudo density cp .After energy equation solved , the actual density is reused of other equation(momentum , pressure correction equation. IN pseudo solid specific heat approach actual specific heat is artificially set to be equal to that of fluid region as specific heat affects results only through convection term of energy equation Conjugate conduction convection heat transfer problems are solved in a computational domain containing both solid and fluid regions. When SIMPLE like algorithms is employed, one has to pay attention to peculiarity of energy equation or to the problem how to ensure continuity of heat flux at solid fluid interface. For this reason two approaches i.e pseudo density method & pseudo solid specific heat method are suggested.

PAPER NO=11
Particulars Topic Name Details

A note on solution of conjugate heat transfer problems using SIMPLE-like algorithms

Xi chen , Peng han Author Conjugate conduction convection heat transfer problems are solved in a computational domain containing both solid and fluid regions. When SIMPLE like algorithms is employed, one has to pay attention to peculiarity of energy equation or to the problem how to ensure continuity of heat flux at solid fluid interface. For this reason two approaches i.e pseudo density method & pseudo solid specific heat method are suggested. When SIMPLE like algorithms is employed, one has to pay attention to peculiarity of energy equation or to the problem how to ensure continuity of heat flux at solid fluid interface. For this reason two approaches i.e pseudo density method & pseudo solid specific heat method are suggested.

Abstract

Physical Problem

Governing Equations & Boundary Conditions For steady 2D conjugate heat transfer , the energy equation in Cartesian co-ordinate with temperature as dependent variable is . (v cT)/ x+ (v cT)/ y= (k T/ x+ S

Methodology

Results

Here the density is temporarily substituted by pseudo density cp.After energy equation solved , the actual density is reused of other equation(momentum , pressure correction equation. IN pseudo solid specific heat approach actual specific heat is artificially set to be equal to that of fluid region as specific heat affects results only through convection term of energy equation Conjugate conduction convection heat transfer problems are solved in a computational domain containing both solid and fluid regions. When SIMPLE like algorithms is employed, one has to pay attention to peculiarity of energy equation or to the problem how to ensure continuity of heat flux at solid fluid interface. For this reason two approaches i.e pseudo density method & pseudo solid specific heat method are suggested.

PAPER NO=12
Particulars Topic Name Details

Conjugate forced convection heat transfer from flat plate by laminar plane wall jet flow.
Xi chen , Peng han Author An analytical solution is investigated for forced convection heat transfer from Abstract

Flat plate by laminar plane wall jet flow and the results are compared with numerical results.
An analytical solution is investigated for forced convection heat transfer from

Physical Problem

flat plate by laminar plane wall jet flow and the results are compared with numerical results.
.

The problem is solved numerically with stream function vorticity Governing Equations & method considering it to be unsteady state .The integration in time has been allowed till a steady state is reached. Boundary Conditions Analytical solution and its comparison with numerical solution Methodology Analytical solution has been presented for pr<<1 & pr>>1 cases with k,re, as parameters. The analytical solution has been compared & validated with numerical solution.

Results

Conclusions:(With the above paper reviews the following parameters for conjugate heat transfer problems can be used for the work)
Laminar/fully developed turbulent boundary layer flow/poiseulle coutelle flow. Natural /forced/mixed convection Influence of conductivity ratio of solid and fluid (0.1 to 100), input velocity (ratio of free surface velocity to mean fluid velocity) on interfacial tempr , clad tempr & Thermal stress, bowing, Nusselt number., effect of buoyancy on laminar /turbulent forced convection heat transfer coefficient(Aiding flow & non Aiding flow) Hydro dynamic entrance length Thermal entrance length Porous fuel element,porus medium,nanofluids Tempr response of fast reactor to power changes & coolant temperature change Non linear boundary condition Effect of cladding material on temperature distribution. Effect of film of zirconium oxide on heat dissipation.

Coolants with different volume fraction of fuel & coolant can be used for our work
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Helium Sodium Eutectic sodium Lithium Eutectic lithium Co2 Flibe Nanofluids(copper,,silver,copper oxide, alumina)

(Methodologies used to solve the conjugate heat transfer problems)

Flow network analysis code flow net: to calculate coolant flow rate and temperature distribution TRUMP Code: Transient conduction temperature distribution BEAF Code: For analysis of LWR fuel rod behavior(Thermal and mechanical stress and cracks etc TEMP 2D code :To deal with temperature distribution in rectangular fins of KMRR Reactor Galerkin method and: calculation of conjugate heat transfer with volumetric heat generation, volume average technique:to develop specific form of porous media equation from momentum and energy transport equation Varitional method:Thermal stress in cylindrical fuel elements GAMMA+ Code:predicts Thermo fluid transients Std K- turbulence model modified to include buoyancy : predicts turbulent intensity of flow(K-turbulence kinectic energy & dissipation rate of turbulent K.E Asymptotic cfd(ACFD):To obtain correlation for non dimensional max temperature which can be used for wide range of parameters Van driest mixing length model:for turbulent diffusivity and buoyancy effects SIMPLE algorithm:to solve energy equation in conjugate heat transfer problems Iterative FDM/BEM method for conjugate heat transfer problems Laplace transformation :to solve conjugate boundry value problem involving heat conduction in fuel rod and zr clading Hydride method:a new computation method for transient temperature distribution in fuel rods THARC-S:thermo hydraulic behavior LMFBR reactor with sodium cooled rod bundles Lebon Lambermonts variational method:Non linear transient heat conduction Heat balance integral method:conduction controlled rewitting PLET,VAINA ,BACO , ELASTEF,PLASTEF,CTR:To model nuclear reactor fuel,as well as finite element system,fuel cracking ,fuel cladding contact pressure etc